UPLB’s Agricultural Engineering Research and Development Program

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UPLB’s Agricultural Engineering Research and Development Program

Arnold R. Elepaño

DirectorInstitute of Agricultural Engineering

College of Engineering and Agro-Industrial Technology, UPLB, College, Laguna

Laguna Business Investment ExpositionEnchanted Kingdom, Sta. Rosa, Laguna

4 March 2010

Agricultural Engineering Challenges

• Increase in population – pressure to produce food

• Climate change – pressure to mitigate agricultural degradation

• Increase in fossil fuel cost – pressure to develop alternative energy

• Increase in labor cost – pressure to mechanize

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ESCivilChemical IAE Electrical Industrial

AMTEC

LWRDAFSD AMD AMDPABPROD SHOP

CEAT

Agricultural Engineering (& Biosystems) Divisions

• Agricultural Machinery

• Agricultural & Bio-Process Engineering

• Agrometeorology & Farm Structures

• Land & Water Resources

• Agricultural Mechanization Development Program

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Agricultural Machinery Division

• Bio-Production Machinery Design

• Bio-Production Machinery Management

• Renewable Energy

• Machine Vision and Mechatronics

• Precision Agriculture

Agricultural & Bio-Process Engineering Division

• Crop Processing

• Energy Engineering & Thermal Processing

• Food Engineering

• Bio-Process Engineering

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Agrometeorology & Farm Structures Division

• Agrometeorology/Meteorology

• Structures & Controlled Environment

• GIS & Remote Sensing Applications

• Waste Management & Energy

Land & Water Resources Division

• Aquaculture Engineering

• Water Quality/Environmental Engineering

• Hydrology

• Irrigation Engineering

• Drainage Engineering

• Soil & Water Conservation Engineering and Watershed Management

• Hydraulics Engineering

• Land and Water Resources Systems Engineering

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IAE Professional Staff

Division PhD MSc BSc Total

AMD 4 4 2 10

ABPROD 4 1 1 6

AFSD 1 3 1 5

LWRD 2 6 1 9

AMDP 3 2 4 9

Total 14 16 9 39

Agricultural Machinery Development

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Machine Vision Systems

Biomass Energy & Conversion Technologies

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Drying Systems

Philippine Rice Postproduction Consortium

• National Seminar-Workshop on Rice Hull Non-Power Applications in the Philippines

• PRPC-designed batch recirculating dryer

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Comparison of 1999 Actual and Forecast Annual Rainfall

< 1000

1001 - 2000

2001 - 3000

3001 - 4000

4001 - 5000

> 5000

N

EW

S

Actual Forecast

Legend:

Rainfall in mm

Geographic Information System

Resource and Land Use Mapping

14°2

0' 1

4°2

0'

14°2

1' 1

4°2

1'

14°2

2' 1

4°2

2'

14°2

3' 1

4°2

3'

14°2

4' 1

4°2

4'

121°20'

121°20'

121°21'

121°21'

121°22'

121°22'

121°23'

121°23'

121°24'

121°24'

1010

2020

3030

4040

6060

8080

100100

200200

300300

400400

500500

600600700700

743743

N

500 0 500 100 0

M eters

Scale: 1:50 00 0

CONTOUR MAPCONTOUR MAP

MUNICIPALITY OF PAKIL

Reg io n IV , Pro vince of La gun a

Rep ublic of the Phil ippine s

LEG EN D :

R iver

Bar ang ay

R oad

R ec lai m ed A re a

M ain C o ntou r Lin e

C ontou r Lin e

8080 C ontou r Interva l

(m eter s )

C AS A-R E ALC AS A-R E AL

M AT IKIWM AT IKIWC AS IN S INC AS IN S IN

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Controlled Environment Agriculture

Farm Structures

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Agricultural Wastes Management

Environmental Instrumentation

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Irrigation and Drainage

Soil and Sediment Transport

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Water Quality and Aquaculture Engineering

IAE@UPLB Distinction

• Center of Excellence in Agricultural Engineering – CHED

• Top Performing School in Agricultural Engineering – PRC & PSAE

• National Center for Agricultural Engineering Research, Development and Extension –PCARRD, DOST & BAR, DA

• Engineering Research and Development for Technology – SEI, DOST

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Available Scholarship

• Engineering Research and Development for Technology

• MSc and PhD in Agricultural Engineering

• Stipend (P15k/mo & P23k/mo for MSc & PhD, respectively)

• Research (P200k & P400k for MSc & PhD, respectively)

• Tuition, book & transportation allowances

RDE System

CEAT

IAE

AcademicDivisions

AMDP

DBM/UP System

Farmer/LGU Manufacturers GovernmentAgencies

SCUs

DAie BPRE, NFA,& AFMech

UPLBie CA & CEM

CEATie ChE, IE, EE& AMTEC

UPLBie Corn NetworkAlternative Energy

CEATie staff support

Student thesissupport

Entrepreneurs

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AMDP’s Research Thrusts

• Corn

• High Value Crops

• Energy

• Hybrid Single Engine Manufacturing

Corn Industry

• Very much weather dependent

• Two cropping seasons

• Small farm areas, thousands of farmers involved

• Grains are bulky and perishable

• Grains are subject to pilferage

• Manual handling in bulk

• Horizontal bag warehouses

• Many intermediate middlemen between farmers and consumers

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Power Tiller

• with/without steering clutch

• without gear change

• use of automotive differentials for ease of manufacture and durability

• 10 hp gasoline engine

Manure and organic manure applicator

Power tiller drawnSingle row

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Seeder

• Multicrop Pneumatic Seeder with Fertilizer Applicator

• Tested for IPB 911, soybean, peanut & white bean

• For AMTEC testing and collaborative work with manufacturer

Ergonomics

• Anthropometric Survey of Farmers in CALABARZON

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Ethanol Production

• Saccharification and Fermentation of Mixed Corn and Corn Wastes for Ethanol Production

• Evaluated the effect of pretreatment (hot water, 0.5 % H2SO4) of corn waste mixtures on ethanol production;

• Determined the effect of cellulase concentration (10 %, 20 %) on saccharification of corn waste mixtures;

• Determined the effect of amylase concentration on saccharification of corn starch;

High Value Crops

• Vegetable production machinery

• Mango hot water treatment

• Vegetable tramline

• Controlled environment structure

• Coconut/Watermelon sound characteristics

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Appropriate mechanization technologies for local vegetable production

UPLB Mini Hand Tractor

Vegetable production

Roller Cultivator/Weeder

Wheel Cultivator/Weeder

Radish Seeder

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Technology dissemination

• Liliw has 300 ha vegetable area

• Testing and training site of IPB and CRTD

• DA/Provincial government target beneficiary

• Presence of farmers’ organization

• Low mechanization levelSuitability testing

Vegetable washer

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Mango hot water treatment

500 kg mango capacity with biomass heater

Computer modelling of heat transfer

Temperature vs time model

Flatbed dryer air distribution

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• A site was selected based on interviews with Liliw, Laguna local government officials

• Base site to be located at existing trading post

• Estimated slope of 29o, distance of 227 m, elevation of 110 m from base site

Gravity-driven tramlinefor hauling highlandtomatoes

Maturity Level of Coconut

Maturity

Level

Lower

frequency

limit

Upper

frequency

limit

Malauhog 270 Hz 320 Hz

Malakanin 460 Hz 520 Hz

Malakatad 955 Hz 1030 Hz

Time domain

Frequency domain

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Pump Characterization

• Shallow tube well and low lift pump

• Performance characteristics of pumps and primemovers for STW

• Collaboration with AMTEC

Fruit

dehusker

Husk

Seed

Shell

Kernel

sheller

Jatropha

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Harvester/fruit picker

• Harvesting shear with delivery tube and basket

• Manual capacity: 50 kg fruit/hr

Dehusker

• Modified high-moisture corn sheller • Shelling unit: drum and concave • Husk-kernel separator: sifter and blower• Husking efficiency as high as 99 percent• Capacity: 2-3 tons fruits/hr

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Flatbed Drying System for Jatropha

Main components:

Drying bin made of GI sheetBlowerBiomass furnace w/ Jatrophashell as feed supplemented

by other biomass materials

Capacity: 4 t/hDrying air temperature: 60°CDrying time: 6-8 h

Sheller

Whole kernel Broken Unshelled

MC, % SHEELING EFF. %

CAPACITY, KG/HR

WHOLE KERNEL,

%

BROKEN KERNEL,%

11 85 784 42 42

15 88 1837 39 49

26 68 990 32 36

• Shelling unit : drum and concave

• Cleaner/separator: Oscillating rack and blower

• Power: 1 hp electric motor

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Seed Conditioner

• Continuous flow

• Rotary drum

• Biomass furnace

Oil Expeller

• Adapted from the coconut oil expeller design

• 100 kg seed/hr• 85 -90 % extraction eff • 4 kW motor

• Performance affected by: MC Temperature of seed Size reduction Shaft RPM Percent hull removed

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Manufacture of Local Single Engine• Agricultural Machinery Manufacturers and

Dealers Association

• Metals Industry Research & Development Center

• Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources Research and Development

• Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation Center

• National Agriculture and Fisheries Council

• Foreign Single Engine Manufacturer

Techno-Demo

• Extension of Hand Tractor and Corn Sheller

• Dissemination to DA Laguna ie Calamba & Pila, DA Calauag, Alaminos City, Pangasinan, Cebu Bohol

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Collaborative Project• Increasing Corn

Productivity in FSTP Areas in Cebu

• Organic farming with Shell Foundation in Pililia, Rizal

• Jatropha Primary Processing with PNOC

• Flatbed Dryer Rehabilitation with DA Laguna

Technology Dissemination

• Display area

• Exhibition/Fair

• Techno-Demo

• Seminar resource speakers

• Machinery Design and Blueprints

• Collaboration with manufacturers

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Information Dissemination

• Philippine Journal of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering

• Philippine Agricultural Mechanization Bulletin

• Mechanization Update

• CEAT Newsletter

Technology Transfer Strategy

• Private – Public Interaction

• System Integration

• Multidisciplinary

• Networking

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[email protected]

[email protected]