Updating TIA & ISO data center standards to reflect industry changes Jonathan Jew Jonathan Jew J&M Consultants, Inc. Co-editor TIA-942-A Data Centers Telecom Infrastructure Co-chair BICSI Data Center Subcommittee Vice-chair TIA TR-42.6 Telecom Administration Vice-chair TIA TR-42.1 Commercial Buildings www.j-and-m.com
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Updating TIA & ISO data centerstandards to reflect industry
changes
Jonathan JewJonathan JewJ&M Consultants, Inc.
Co-editor TIA-942-A Data Centers Telecom InfrastructureCo-chair BICSI Data Center Subcommittee
Vice-chair TIA TR-42.6 Telecom AdministrationVice-chair TIA TR-42.1 Commercial Buildings
www.j-and-m.com
What are the standards?
• ANSI/TIA-942-A Telecommunications Infrastructure Standardfor Data Centers (US, approved April 2012, publish in Aug 2012)
• ISO/IEC 24764 Information Technology – Generic Cabling forData Centre Premises (2010, international). Addendum 1 willbe published in 2012be published in 2012
• ANSI/BICSI-002 Data Center Design and Implementation BestPractices (2011, international)
• NMX- I- xxx-ONNCE Energy Efficient & Sustainable HighPerformance Data Centers (México, in progress probable 2012publication)
Fit TIA-942 into new TIA cablingstandards structure
• In TIA-568-C series, cabling standards werereorganized to permit premises specificstandards to be developed withoutstandards to be developed withoutduplication of content.
• TIA-942-A was rewritten to fit into the newstructure
Reorganization of TIA standards
Reorganization of content• Reference generic cabling topology, terms, and MICE
(mechanical, ingress, climatic, electromagnetic)environmental classifications from TIA-568-C.0
• Move bonding & grounding content to TIA-607-B
• Move administration & labeling to TIA-606-B• Move administration & labeling to TIA-606-B
• Move racks & cabinets, power and telecomseparation, and temperature/humidity requirementsto TIA-569-C
• Move outside plant pathways to TIA-758-B
• ISO/IEC 11801 series also being reorganized
Reorganization of ISO/IEC standards
TIA Harmonization with ISO• LC connector for up to 2 fibers
(ISO/IEC specifies angled LC for SM at theExternal Network Interface)
• MPO connector for more than two fibers
LC
• MPO connector for more than two fibers
• Removed 100m channel length limitationfor horizontal cabling of fiber
Now limited by application lengthrestrictions of the type of fiber used
MPO
Higher bandwidths• Specify higher bandwidth cabling types to
support
– Higher performance systems and applications
– Higher performance networks (switch fabrics)
– LAN & SAN convergence– LAN & SAN convergence
Benefits of LAN/SAN Convergence• Reduce number of server connections
• Allow use of small servers (blade & 1U)that can’t support large number ofadapters
• Reduce cost and administration (fewer• Reduce cost and administration (feweradapters, fewer switches, less cabling )
• Simplify support – Ethernet only (noseparate Fibre Channel infrastructure)
• But it requires high bandwidth and lowlatency data center LAN
TIA-942-A Higher Bandwidth Copper• Retained 734/735 coax cable for T-3/E-3
• Removed support for Category 3 and 5e forhorizontal cabling, but retained for backbonecabling (WAN, voice, console)
• Category 6 min for horizontal cabling• Category 6 min for horizontal cabling
• Category 6A or higher is recommended (e.g.Category 7A from ISO standards)
• Category 6A is the minimum in ISO/IEC 24764
734 coax Cat 7A Cat 6A
10GBase-T• To support 10GBaseT, Category 6A or better
recommended in TIA-942-A and minimum inISO/IEC 24754
• 10GBase-T will be widely adopted in 2012 andis predicted to be the most widely shippedis predicted to be the most widely shippedversion of 10G Ethernet in 2014
Factors in adoption of 10Base-T• Rapidly declining cost
• Improved power efficiency, now <4W, lesswith short-reach mode
• Elimination of TIA requirement thatcentralized optical fiber topologies be limitedto one building to accommodate modular datacenters using outdoor containers & modules
IDA Example
Modular data centers• Outdoor using containers/modules
• Indoor using manufactured modules or bysimply building rooms/areas in phases
• Reduce capital expenditures (Capex) andoperating expenditures (Opex) by building onlywhat you need when you need it.what you need when you need it.
• Do not need to pay maintenance andpower/cool equipment and rooms that aren’tneeded yet.
• Modularity reduces the risk created by anuncertainty about the future
Data center fabrics• TIA-942-A addendum 1 being developed to
provide guidance regarding cabling for datacenter fabrics
• No common definition or implementation
• Generally, low-latency switch fabric that is• Generally, low-latency switch fabric that isnon-blocking, permitting any port tocommunicate with any other port at the fullcapacity of the port
• Virtualization and LAN/SAN convergence aremajor driving factors
Traditional switch architecture
• Backup connections inactive due to spanning tree protocols• Connections between switches are over-subscribed• As many as 3 hops between servers
Full-Mesh
• All switches connected to all other switches in full mesh• For non-blocking sum of backbone >= sum of switch bandwidth• All connections active• Not suitable for large # of switches
Fat-Tree
• Each access switch connected to every interconnection switch• Non-blocking if sum backbone bandwidth >= sum server port bandwidth• All connections active• More scalable than full-mesh• Another layer of inter-connection switches can be added to supportvery large data centers
Fat-Tree with Port Extenders
• Same as fat-tree, but with port extenders at top of racks• May be non-blocking if bandwidth from access switch toport extender >= sum of bandwidth of server ports
Data center fabrics• Much more cabling and higher bandwidth
requirements for data center backbones
• Possible need for longer cable runs to connectswitches
• Fabrics can be accommodated using the• Fabrics can be accommodated using thecabling topology in ANSI/TIA-942-A
– May need IDA-to-IDA & HDA-to-HDA cabling
– Point-to-point cabling in EDAs should be less
than or equal 15 m and within a cabinet row
Other convergence• Structured cabling is being used to support
other building systems and should beconsidered when planning data centers: