Akshay S. Desai MD, MPH Director, Heart Failure Disease Management Cardiovascular Division Brigham and Women’s Hospital Associate Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School Boston, MA Update in Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Update in Management of Heart Failure with Preserved ...
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Akshay S. Desai MD, MPHDirector, Heart Failure Disease ManagementCardiovascular DivisionBrigham and Women’s Hospital Associate Professor of MedicineHarvard Medical School Boston, MA
Update in Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
CHARM-Preserved PEP-CHF
I-PRESERVE
Spironolactone
Placebo
HR = 0.89 (0.77 – 1.04), p=0.138
TOPCAT
Outcome Trials in HF-PEF
Yusuf, et al. Lancet 2003; Cleland, et al. Eur Heart J 2006; Massie, et al. N Engl J Med 2008; Pitt, et al. N Engl J Med 2014
No treatment has been proven to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with HF-PEF.
PARAMOUNT: Significant Reduction in NT-proBNP with LCZ696 at 12 Weeks
783 (670,914)
862 (733,1012) 835 (710, 981)
605 (512, 714)
Solomon et al. Lancet 2012ESC Hotline 2012
PARAMOUNT (HF-PEF): Improvement in Left Atrial Size and NYHA Class with LCZ696 at 36 Weeks
Left Atrial Volume NYHA Class
12 Weeks 36 Weeks
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
Cha
ng
e in
Le
ft A
tria
l V
olu
me
(m
l)
ValsartanLCZ696
P = 0.18 P = 0.003
No Significant Changes in LV volumes, Ejection Fraction, or LV mass at 12 or 36 weeks
WorsenedUnchangedImproved
LCZ696 Valsartan LCZ696 Valsartan0
102030405060708090
100110
Pe
rcen
t o
f P
atie
nts
Week 12 Week 36
P = 0.11 P = 0.05
Solomon et al. Lancet 2012ESC Hotline 2012
NO PHASE 2 CLINICAL STUDY IN HFrEF
PARAGON-HF: study design Target patient population: 4,300 patients with symptomatic HF (NYHA Class II–IV) and LVEF 45%
up to 2 weeks ~240 weeks
Valsartan 160 mg BID
LCZ696 200 mg BIDLCZ696 100 mg BID
On top of optimal background medications for co-morbidities (excluding ACEIs and ARBs)
Primary outcome: CV death and total (first and recurrent) HF hospitalizations (anticipated ~1,721 primary events)
Valsartan 80 mg BID*
Screening
3–8 weeks
Active run-in period
Double-blind treatment period
*Valsartan 40 mg BID (up to 2 weeks) followed by valsartan 80 mg BID as an optional starting run-in dose for those patients being treated with less than the minimum dose of ACEI or ARB at Visit 1.ACEI=angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB=angiotensin receptor blocker; BID=twice daily; CV=cardiovascular; HF=heart failure; LVEF=left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA=New York Heart Association
Randomization 1:1
A Therapeutic Approach
• Systematically confirm the diagnosis
• Optimize volume status, low threshold for invasive hemodyamic assessment
• Consider Use of Spironolactone
• Aggressively treat CAD, AF, HTN, PAH
• Optimize medical therapy of comorbidities
Case
A 61 year old man with no significant prior medical history presents with a 2
month history of increasing fatigue shortness of breath, and orthopnea. He
takes no medications.
On examination, his pulse is irregular at 90 bpm and BP is 90/60 mm Hg. The
jugular venous pressure is distended to the angle of the jaw. The lung fields
are clear to auscultation. The apical impulse is diffuse in the midclavicular
line with a soft S3 gallop and 3/6 apical holosystolic murmur. There is 2+
pitting edema of the calves bilaterally.
ECG reveals atrial fibrillation with low QRS voltage. Echocardiogram reveals
normal left ventricular size, ejection fraction 60%, and concentric LV
hypertrophy .
Question
Which of the following tests is most likely to yield a diagnosis?
A. Serum protein electrophoresis
B. Rectal fat pad biopsy
C. Endomyocardial biopsy
D. Fluorodeoxyglucose-PET Scan
E. Repeat echocardiogram with Doppler Tissue Imaging