Uottawa2k9 BIOSAFETY TRAINING Pierre Laflamme May 16, 2012 Office of Risk Management, Environmental Health and Safety Human Resources - Occupational Health.

Uottawa2k9

BIOSAFETYTRAINING

Pierre Laflamme

May 16, 2012

Office of Risk Management,

Environmental Health and Safety

Human Resources - Occupational

Health Disability & Leave

COURSE OUTLINE

Introduction Laboratory Associated Infections Blood-borne Pathogens Classification of Biohazards Infection/Biohazard Control Spill Response Biomedical Waste Regulations

BIOSAFETY

INTRODUCTION

What is a BIOHAZARD?

Any organism or its toxin that is known to cause disease in humans or animals or that is a potential hazard to humans, animals or the environment.

Examples:Microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites and their toxins. Blood, body fluids and tissues from humans and animals.Transformed cell lines

What is BIOSAFETY?

The combination of measures employed when handling biohazardous materials to: Protect personnel from exposure to infectious

agents Prevent environmental contamination Provide an environment for high quality

research while maintaining a safe work place Comply with applicable federal, provincial and

municipal requirements

How is BIOSAFETY achieved?

Administrative controls Training, Inspections, Permits and Certificates

Engineering Controls Biological Safety Cabinets, Ventilation

Personal Protective Equipment Practices and Procedures Medical Surveillance Immunization when necessary

What is BIOSECURITY?

Measures employed to protect biohazardous materials, or critical relevant information, against theft or diversion by those who intend to pursue intentional misuse.

How is BIOSECURITY achieved?

Physical barriers Buildings, doors, locks, key card access

Psychological barriers Security personnel, cameras

Monitoring Activities Patrols, monitoring by support staff

Personnel Clearance Access to authorized personnel only

Who are the STAKEHOLDERS?INTERNALLY Vice-President (Research) Committees University Services (ORM,

HR, PRS, PS) Deans, Chairs, Principal

Investigators Employees, Students Manager of Biological

Containment Suite

EXTERNALLY Public Health Agency of

Canada Canadian Food Inspection

Agency Environment Canada Transport Canada Ontario Ministry of Labour Emergency Response

Personnel Suppliers & Contractors Community

University KEY SERVICES

Office of Risk Management, Environmental Health and Safety

Certificates and Permits

Training

Procedures (Waste disposal)

Risk Identification (Inspections)

Emergency plans

Accident/Incident follow-up

University KEY SERVICES HR (Occupational Health, Disability and

Leave)Medical surveillanceImmunizationsMedical Follow-upInterface with Workplace Safety and Insurance

Board

WHY ARE WE CONCERNED?

Potential for acquiring a laboratory-associated infection (LAI)

Contamination of the environment

Contamination of research

LABORATORY ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS

LABORATORY ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS

Route of Transmission

Susceptible Host

Infection Source

Percutaneous inoculation (needles and bites)

Inhalation of aerosols Contact of mucous membranes Ingestion

Microorganisms Cells and tissues Blood and body

fluids Any items

contaminated with the above

Immune system Vaccination status Age

Only 20% of LAIs are related to a causative or defined event

80% are caused by human errors 20% are caused by equipment failure

Types of accidents causing LAIs Spills and sprays Needles Sharp objects and broken glass Bites or scratches from animals

http://www.weizmann.ac.il/safety/bio2.html

LAIs

BLOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS

Human ResourcesOccupational Health Disability & Leave

BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS (BBP) Sources

BloodSemenVaginal SecretionsOther Bodily Fluids:

CerebrospinalAmnioticSynovial

Tissue CulturesOrgan CulturesInfected Experimental

Animals

RISK OF EXPOSURE

Pathogen involved Type of body fluid Route of exposure Duration of exposure Volume of blood involved in exposure Concentration of virus at time of

exposure PPE worn

SPECIFIC EXAMPLES OF BBPS

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

HIV

Pathogen Hepatitis B Hepatitis C HIV

Pathogenicity 2 major forms: • asymptomatic• symptomatic

• asymptomatic• symptomatic

• non-specific symptoms• acute infection: non-specific “flu-like”,

“mono-like” symptoms

Mode of transmission

• percutaneous/ permucosal exposure to body fluids, organs

• indirect contact with contaminated lab items (e.g. needles, syringes)

• Percutaneous exposure to contaminated blood (102 – 103 infectious particles/ mL)

• intravascular inoculation (e.g. transfusion) of contaminated blood products

• direct exposure of virus to mucosa (oral, rectal, vaginal)

Incubationperiod

• usually: 24 - 180 days• average: 60-90 days

• 2 weeks - 6 months• most commonly 7 – 10

weeks• chronic infection may

persist up to 20y before onset of cirrhosis

• variable• generally 1 - 3 months between time of

infection to development of detectable Ab’s• time from HIV infection to diagnosis of

AIDS ranges from < 1y to 15y or more

Survival outside host

• Survives in dried blood for long periods (weeks)

• stable on environmental services for at least 7 days at 25 °C

• not known• similar to hep B (survives

in dried blood for long periods…weeks)

• viable in blood in syringes @ RT for 42d• Cell-free HIV dried on glass coverslips in

10% serum can survive forlonger than 7d, depending on initial titre

Laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs)

• MOST FREQUENTLY occurring LAI

• lab workers incident rate: 7X > general population

• health care workers handling blood at higher risk to infection

• low (e.g. as of 2001, total of 57 cases of documented occupationally acquired HIV among US health care workers

FACTS ABOUT SOME BBPs

[Source: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/lab-bio/res/psds-ftss/index-eng.php]

ISSUES TO CONSIDER

Symptoms Mode of transmission Incubation period Survival outside host Communicability Immunization Prophylaxis / Treatment

IF AN EXPOSURE OCCURS

Initiate first aid Notify your supervisor / designated

person Report to hospital emergency

department or University’s Health Services

Report incident to OHDL

Occupational Health, Disability and Leave Office, ext. 1472 http://www.rh.uottawa.ca/00_main/index_f.asp

UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS Minimum standard of practice for

preventing the transmission of BBP includes:

EducationHand washingWearing protective barriersUse safe work practices

If samples cannot be guaranteed non-infective …… treat as infectious!

BIOHAZARD CLASSIFICATION

BIOHAZARD CLASSIFICATION Conventional Agents – Risk Groups 1 to 4 Recombinant DNA Tissue Culture Animal Work Anatomical Specimens Unconventional Agents

Class D, division 3 of WHMIS

(Poisonous and Infectious Material - Biohazardous Infectious Material)

BIOHAZARD CLASSIFICATION Conventional agents are categorized into risk

groups based on their particular characteristics such as: Pathogenicity (Infectivity of the agent - disease,

severity, mortality) Infectious dose Mode of transmission (Airborne, Ingestion,

Parenteral) Host Range (Animal or human pathogen Availability of effective preventive measures

(PPE) Availability of effective treatment

BIOHAZARD CLASSIFICATION

Conventional agents are categorized based on the measures required for handling each organism safely in a laboratory setting, such as: Operational Requirements (Protocols, Biological

safety cabinets, Lab safety practices) Engineering Requirements (Maintenance,

certification, repairs) Physical Requirements (PPE)

Risk Group

Individual Risk

Community Risk

Containment

Level

Examples

1 Low Low Level 1 Escherichia Coli

2 Moderate Limited Level 2 Bacteria: Streptococcus and SalmonellaViruses: Adenovirus, Hepatitis A, B & C, Influenza

3 High Low Level 3 Bacteria: Bacillus anthracis and, Mycobacterium tuberculosisVirus: HIV

4 High High Level 4 Viruses: Ebola virus and Lassa virus

Unlikely to cause disease in healthy workers or animals

Rarely cause serious human or animal

disease

May cause serious disease

Likely to cause very serious disease

CONVENTIONAL AGENTS

RECOMBINANT DNA

Recombinant DNA technology or genetic engineering:

in vitro incorporation of genetic material from one cell into another or from one organism to another

In Canada the level of risk depends on the source of DNA being transferred the vector the host

The Office of Risk Management will assist the investigator in this determination.

TISSUE CULTURE

Mammalian cell lines have to be considered infectious as they may contain infectious agents

Untransformed mammalian cell lines - Risk Group 1 MCF-7 (Human breast carcinoma cell line) NIH 3T3 (Mouse fibroblast cell line)

Transformed mammalian cell lines – Risk Group 2 HeLa (Human - contains papovavirus)

All mammalian cell lines should be handled in a Level 2 Containment.

ANIMAL WORK

Animals can harbour infectious agents (naturally or introduced) which can be transmitted to humans Scratches, bites, aerosols (needles and litter

changes), body fluids and excrements Level dependent on type of work being

conducted. Special Animal Care training is required for all

personnel working with animals. All work involving animal use must receive

prior approval from the Animal Care Committee

All specimens should be considered infectious due to potential presence of infectious agents

It’s important to consider the type of specimen blood, organs, tissues Spinal sample, brain tissue From infectious patient

In general Level 2 but it depends on the nature of the work.

ANATOMICAL SPECIMENS

UNCONVENTIONAL PATHOGENS

Includes unconventional agents, slow viruses and prions causing progressive neurological diseases Creutzfeld-Jakob disease in humans, Mad Cow Disease,

Scrapie in sheeps and goats

Resistant to destruction by chemical and physical procedures that normally inactivate viruses

Precautions: Handle tissues as Risk Group 2 or higher Handle formalin-fixed tissues and paraffin-embedded

blocks as if still infectious Follow up-to-date disinfection protocols.

Earth Sciences

Earth Sciences

EngineeringCivil

Chemical

EngineeringCivil

Chemical

ChemistryChemistry Medicine/ Nursing

Medicine/ Nursing

HumanKinetics

HumanKinetics

Bio-EngineeringBio-Engineering

BiologyBiology

UniversityUniversity

WHERE ARE BIOHAZARDS FOUND?

INFECTION/BIOHAZARD CONTROL

INFECTION/BIOHAZARD CONTROL

1.Administrative Controls2.Engineering Controls3.Personal Protective

Equipment4.Practices and Procedures

INFECTION/BIOHAZARD CONTROL

1. ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS Administrative procedures to minimize the

risk of exposure: Risk assessment Training/Education Resources Inspections Permits and Certificates Medical Surveillance Signage

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLSRisk Assessment Will determine for each biohazard:

Risk group Containment level Operational practices Safety measures

Responsibility of users Know and understand the various characteristics

of the agent(s) you are working with. (Material Safety Data Sheets and suppliers or

manufacturers information sheets)

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS Medical Surveillance Training & Education

WHMIS Lab specific policies and procedures Biosafety training, Laboratory safety training

Resources ORM web site, Biosafety page Faculty web sites Biosafety Manual Training Videos National and International Biosafety Guidelines

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS

Inspections Routine self-inspections Biosafety Inspection Checklist available

on-line In addition, ORM and Health, Safety

and Risk Officers will inspect labs to ensure compliance with regulations/ guidelines and provide feedback.

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS

Signs & Labeling Biohazard warning signs must be

posted on doors to rooms where biohazardous materials are used and/or stored.

Biohazard labels should be placed on containers, equipment and storage units used with biological agents.

INFECTION/BIOHAZARD CONTROL

2. ENGINEERING CONTROLS

ENGINEERING CONTROLS

Technology based Reduce or eliminate exposure to hazards Containment:

Types: Primary and Secondary Levels: 1, 2, 3 and 4

For effective containment, users must be aware of the potential hazards be trained Handle the material safely by adhering to

standard microbiological practices and techniques

PRIMARY CONTAINMENT

First line of defence.

Ensures protection of personnel and immediate environment from exposure to the infectious agent.

‘Protective envelope’ that encapsulates the infectious agent or animal. Petri dish, vial Biological safety cabinets animal caging equipment

SECONDARY CONTAINMENT

Protects the environment external to the laboratory from exposure

Includes facility design and operational practices

CONTAINMENT LEVEL 1

Basic laboratory Requires no special design

features Biosafety cabinets are not

required and work may be performed on the open bench.

CONTAINMENT LEVEL 2

Clinical, diagnostic, research and teaching facilities with level 2 agents.

Requires a class I or class II biological safety cabinet if any potential for aerosol or splash exists.

An emergency plan for handling spills must be developed.

Access should be controlled.

Specialized design and construction with primary barriers to protect the individual secondary barriers to protect the environment

Requires type II or type III biosafety cabinets All staff must undergo specific training on the

agents used, PPE, equipment, waste management as well as practices and procedures.

CONTAINMENT LEVEL 3

CONTAINMENT LEVEL 4

Only one level 4 facility in Canada (Canadian Centre for Human and Animal Health in Winnipeg, Man.)

Design specifications are extremely stringent The worker is completely isolated from

infectious material.

BIOLOGICAL SAFETY CABINETS Primary containment Minimize contact between operator and the

infectious agent by the use of directional airflows

There are 3 main classes of cabinets (I, II, III) which provide various levels of protection.

Class II and III BSC contain HEPA filters which remove particles (min 0.3 microns) from supply and exhaust air with 99.97% efficiency .

BSC should be located away from doors and high traffic areas

BIOLOGICAL SAFETY CABINETS

Laminar Flow Hoods or Clean Air BenchesVertical or horizontal laminar flowHEPA filtered supply air onlyProvide product protection onlyNot to be used with biohazards

Biological Safety CabinetLaminar air flow and HEPA filtered exhaust air Personnel and environment protectionHEPA filtered supply air & product protection with Class II + IIITo be used with biohazards

VS

WORKING SAFELY IN A BSC

Step 1Before using the cabinet:

Turn off UV lamp; turn on fluorescent lamp Ensure BSC is certified Disinfect work surfaces with appropriate

disinfectant Place essential items inside cabinet Allow the blower to run for 5-10 min before

work

Step 2While using the cabinet:

Ensure material and equipment is placed near the back of the hood, especially aerosol-generating equipment. Do not block any vents

Use techniques that reduce splatter and aerosols.

General work flow should be from clean to contaminated areas

Minimize movement so as not to impede air flow

WORKING SAFELY IN A BSC

Step 3After using the cabinet:

Leave blower on at least 5 minutes to purge cabinet

Remove and decontaminate equipment and materials

Disinfect cabinet surfaces Turn off blower and fluorescent lamp, turn on

UV lamp

WORKING SAFELY IN A BSC

Maintenance: Before and after each use - Wipe down work

surfaces Weekly - Clean UV lamp Monthly - Wipe down all vertical surfaces Annually - VerifyUV lamp intensity

- Decontamination with formaldehyde gas (by ORM)

- Certification (by ORM)

WORKING SAFELY IN A BSC

INFECTION/BIOHAZARD CONTROL

3. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

PPE is an important line of defence Responsibility of both the user and

the supervisor to ensure that PPE is worn

PPE is specific to each containmentlevel

Examples of PPE?

PPE Criteria for consideration

Routes of exposure that need to be blocked

Degree of protection offeredEase of use

Only effective if correctly selected, fitted, used and cared

for the individual is well trained

Ensure PPE is removed before leaving the lab

PPE

Footwear Closed toe and heel shoes

only. No sandals! Shoe coverings are worn in

some higher containment labs and animal facilities.

PPE

Lab Coats/Gowns Protect street clothing from spills Offer additional body protection Long-sleeved, knee length with snaps Elastic cuffs Back-closing gowns Periodic cleaning required

PPE

Gloves

Offer protection against a variety of hazards (heat, cold, chemical agents, biological agents, radioisotopes…)

Latex, nitrile, rubber & vinyl for work with biological agents.

Gloves should not be reused and should be changed frequently.

Utility gloves can be disinfected and reused if they show no sign of degradation.

Eye & Face Protection Goggles, safety glasses to protect the eyes Full face shield to protect facial skin Offer protection against chemical and

biological splashes No contact lenses

Respirators Only personnel who have been fit-tested and

trained should wear respirators. Worn in atmospheres that pose an infectious

or toxic hazard

PPE

MOVIE

BREAK

INFECTION/BIOHAZARD CONTROL

4. PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES

PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES General Safety Guidelines Good Microbiological Practice Handwashing Receipt of Packages Opening Packages Specific Procedures

Centrifuges Needles & Syringes and other sharps Pipettes Blenders, Grinders, Sonicators & Lyophilizers Inoculation Loops Cryostats

GENERAL LABORATORY SAFETY GUIDELINES

Understand the hazards you face in the laboratory Be adequately trained Appropriate PPE must be worn The lab should be kept clean and in order Long hair must be tied back Work surfaces must be cleaned and

decontaminated daily The use of needles should be limited Lab doors have to be closed Access to the lab has to be restricted

b i o s a f e t y

1. GOOD MICROBIOLOGICAL PRACTICE (GMP)

Mitigates the risk of: 1. Personnel exposure2. Contamination

a) sample b) environment

What are we talking about ?

2. GOOD MICROBIOLOGICAL PRACTICE (GMP)

Universal Precautions:• More knowledge about the organism being

used = easier to take the necessary precautions

• Appropriate PPE greatly minimizes risk of exposure

• Engineered controls (BSC’s) prevent release of aerosols outside cabinet (and helps protect user!)

• Frequent hand washing = avoid infections

3. GOOD MICROBIOLOGICAL PRACTICE (GMP)

• Prepare yourself for the work:o Know what you will be doing o Structure the work in a logical fashion (work

flow)• Prepare the work area• Ensure all material that needs to be in the BSC is

sterile before placing it there • Ensure waste containers are at hand’s reach and

are not overflowing and likely to collapse/ fall over• Use aseptic technique• Consult web [http://www.protocol-online.org] for

SOPs & techniques• Properly trained to use equipment accordingly and

when in doubt…ASK!• Clean up and decontaminate

4. GOOD MICROBIOLOGICAL PRACTICE (GMP)

• Disinfect work surfaces with suitable disinfectant before and after

• Clean spills immediately and disinfect area thoroughly

• Keep bench top uncluttered

• Minimize traffic and unnecessary movements around work area

• all work with infectious material should be carried out in a

specific area

• Material should not be carried throughout, or out of lab, unless in

a closed or capped container

• Minimize aerosol generation; if unavoidable, carry out activities in

a BSC

5. GOOD MICROBIOLOGICAL PRACTICE (GMP)

• Keep sterile and non-sterile objects separate

• Minimize exposure to outside air

• Avoid contact with non-sterile surfaces and items

• Hold open containers at an angle whenever possible

• Identify and properly dispose of different types of

waste

HANDWASHING

One of the single effective means of preventing infections if done properly and frequently

When to wash hands? Before starting any manipulations Before leaving the lab When hands are obviously soiled Before and after completing any task in a BSC Every time gloves are removed Before contact with one’s face or mouth At the end of the day

RECEIPT OF PACKAGES

At Shipping & Receiving Verify shipment is yours, and expected. Inspect the integrity of container. If damage and breakage possible, transfer the package

into a secondary container lined with absorbent paper (absorbent side up)

Transfer to a cart with 4 sides for transfer to lab. Decontaminate all the areas in S&R where the package

came into contact with. All individuals who may have come into contact with the

material must wash their hands

REMEMBER AT THIS POINT YOU DO NOT KNOW IF THE SAMPLE HAS BEEN BE BREACHED !

OPENING PACKAGES – IN LAB

Scenario 1: Package appears damaged.

• Transfer the sample to a biological cabinet and open and inspect each layer of packaging confronted with for signs which would indicate the sample integrity.

• If damaged, inform your supervisor and ORM (x. 3153)

• Dispose of sample in the appropriate manner

• Package must be sterilized or sent for incineration.

OPENING PACKAGES – IN LAB

Scenario 2: Package is intact.

• Open package in the containment level required by the sample

• Add sample to inventory • Read and file MSDS or supplier information

sheet• Deface all markings on the package prior to

disposal

SAFE USE OF CENTRIFUGES

Before use Check centrifuge tubes for cracks Avoid Overfilling Place caps or stoppers properly Balance loads Use sealed buckets (safety cups) or sealed rotors

Before leaving: ensure centrifuge achieves run conditions After run

Centrifuge has to be completely stopped before opening the lid Check for spills or leaks before removing samples. Clean spills Allow aerosols to settle (30 min) or open in a BSC

NEEDLES AND SYRINGES

Avoid use whenever possible Use a BSC for all operations with infectious

material Fill syringes carefully Shield needles when withdrawing from

stoppers Do not bend, shear or recap needles. Dispose of all used needles/syringes in yellow

sharps containers

PIPETTES

Mouth pipetting is prohibited. Never force fluids out. To avoid splashes, discharge the liquid down

the receiving container wall. Never mix material by suction and expulsion. Reusable pipettes should be placed

horizontally in a disinfectant filled pan.

BLENDERS, GRINDERS, SONICATORS, AND LYOPHILIZERS

• Operate in a BSC whenever possible. Allow aerosols to settle for 5 minutes before opening.

• Decontaminate after use• Blender

Do not use glass blender jars Use safety blenders which can be autoclave

• Lyophilizers (used for dehydration process) Use glassware designed for vacuum work,

ensure there is no damage before using Use vapour traps whenever possible

INOCULATION LOOPS

Sterilization in an open flame may create aerosols which may contain viable microorganisms.

Shorter handles minimize vibrations

Disposable plastic loops are good alternatives

CRYOSTATS

Wear gloves during preparation of frozen sections and heavy gloves when accessing the cryostat.

Decontaminate frequently (70% Ethanol)

SPILL RESPONSE

SPILLS

Spill response will vary depending on: What was spilled? How much was spilled? Where was the spill? What is the potential for release to the

environment?

Spills should be cleaned up immediately (unless an aerosol was generated), to ensure proper decontamination.

Ensure appropriate PPE is worn and clean-up equipment is readily available.

SPILLS-GENERAL CLEAN-UP

Cover spill area with absorbent material Soak the spill area with an appropriate disinfectant (i.e.

10% bleach) Pour disinfectant from the outside of the absorbent

material towards the inside Leave on for 20 to 30 minutes Pick up any broken glass (with forceps!) and place in a

sharps container Wipe up with absorbent material Waste should be disposed in appropriate biohazardous

waste container

SPILLS-SPECIAL CASES

Within a Centrifuge Within a BSC Open Areas (lab, during transport) The spill response plan template is

available at (http://www.uottawa.ca/services/ehss/docs/SPILLRESPONSEPLAN.pdf)

SPILLS All users of biological materials should be

familiar with the spill clean-up procedures.

All spills are to be reported ASAP to the lab supervisor and ORM.

Additional assistance is available from:

ORM x 5892

Your departmental safety officer

ERT x 5411 (through Protection Services)

BIOMEDICAL WASTE

DECONTAMINATION, DISINFECTION, AND STERILIZATION Decontamination: The destruction of

microorganisms to a lower level such that it removes danger of infection to individuals.

Sterilization: The complete destruction of all viable microorganisms.

Disinfection: Use of agents (physical or chemical) to destroy harmful organisms on inanimate objects

DECONTAMINATION: PHYSICAL

Heat:Autoclaving (most practical and

recommended)Incineration (for disposal of sharps and

tissues) Irradiation:

UV light (wavelength of 253 nm is germicidal)

Gamma (disrupts DNA and RNA) Filtration

HEPA (biological safety cabinets, ventilation)

AUTOCLAVES

Items that CAN be autoclaved: Cultures and stocks of infectious material Culture dishes and related devices Discarded live and attenuated vaccines Contaminated solid items (petri dishes,

eppendorf tips, pipettes, gloves, paper towels)

AUTOCLAVES

Items that CANNOT be autoclaved: chemicals (flammables, oxidizers,

phenols, acids, alkalides) chemotherapeutic or radioactive waste bleach (or other chlorinated products) certain kinds of plastics Sharps (not at the University of

Ottawa)

AUTOCLAVES

Preparation of waste: Use only approved autoclave bags Do not overfill autoclave bags Separate material for re-use from that which

will be disposed, and dry from liquid material If outside of bag is contaminated, double bag All flasks containing biological material should

be capped with aluminum foil Ensure items are labeled with contact

information

SAFE USE OF AUTOCLAVES

Many autoclaves are now run by dedicated staff, however, if you are operating an autoclave: Learn how to use it! Ensure PPE is worn Recognize acceptable material and packaging Proper loading and unloading

All users/operators must take the autoclave training

DISINFECTION: CHEMICAL

Generally for disinfection rather than sterilization

Choice depends on: Type of material to be disinfected Organic load Chemical characteristics

Most common are chlorine compounds and alcohols (broad range)

WHAT TO USE FOR MY AGENT?

Vegetative bacteria (E.coli, Staph)

2% domestic bleach 75% Ethanol Quaternary ammonia 6% formulated Hydrogen peroxide

Mycobacteria and fungi

10% domestic bleach 75% Ethanol Phenolic compounds 6% formulated Hydrogen peroxide

Spore forming bacteria (Bacillus)

10% domestic bleach Gluteraldehyde Formaldehyde 6% formulated Hydrogen peroxide

VirusesEnveloped (HIV, Herpes)

2% domestic bleach 75% Ethanol Quaternary ammonia 6% formulated Hydrogen peroxide*

Non enveloped (Hepatitis, Adenovirus)

10% domestic bleach 6% formulated Hydrogen peroxide* Gluteraldehyde Formaldehyde

WASTE MANAGEMENT

Discarded biological material from teaching, clinical

and research laboratories and operations is biomedical

waste.

Biomedical waste includes but is not limited to: Animal waste Biological laboratory waste Human anatomical waste Human blood and body fluid waste Sharps

WASTE MANAGEMENT All biological waste should be decontaminated

prior to disposal (including level 1 agents).

Treated waste is no longer considered ‘biomedical’ (i.e. microbiological waste, blood and bodily fluid waste) and can be disposed of in the regular waste stream.

Any waste that cannot be treated (i.e. sharps, carcasses, tissues and body parts) remains biomedical waste and must be incinerated off site.

LABEL YOUR WASTE IDENTIFY CONTENTS

WASTE DISPOSALBiomedical Waste (untreated)

WASTE DISPOSALBiomedical Waste (treated)

with H2O (1:10)

*in compliance with

sewer use by-laws

REGULATIONS

KEY REGULATED ACTIVITIES

Purchasing & Receiving of Biological Agents

PHAC, CFIA, Environment Canada

Inventory Records Transportation/Transfer

Transport Canada- TDG All Agencies (provincial and federal)

emphasize and expect Biosecurity

PURCHASING

Importation permits required by Public Health Agency Canada (PHAC) or Canadaian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for certain agents

Material Transfer Agreements (MTAs) between importer & exporter

US restrictions Ensure you meet all criteria and have

all pertinent documentation

BIOMATERIAL ACQUISITION/ MTAs

“How soon do you need it?” “You want it when?”

In order to facilitate a quick turnaround, provide ORM with:

copies of MSDS’s references (hardcopies) as much background information re:

product as possible

INVENTORY What material is presently being

used and/or stored LocationExpiry dateUse log book for remaining

amount MSDS’s

Mandatory

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING

Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act: Class 6.2 (Infectious Substances)

PHAC/CFIA restrictions Ensure:

Proper classificationProper packagingProper labelingProper documentation Import/Export Permits

TRANSPORTATION OF DANGEROUS GOODS

Pre-approved Authorized Individuals Lead time (International Regulations….) Appropriate Scheduling (Holidays,

Weekends) Transportation within the building Between lab to lab Colleague to Colleague Between Institutions

TRANSPORTATION Important Considerations:

does material need to be transported at allpackaging requirements means and route of transportation regulatory requirements

Between lab transfers - 4 sided cart, sealed primary container, secondary container, low traffic route.

Off Campus transfers – consult ORM

THE BOTTOM LINE

If you are not careful and diligent with biological agents you risk:Infecting yourself, others or the

environmentContaminating your researchHaving Public Health Agency of Canada,

Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ministry of the Environment or Transport Canada after you

BIOSAFETY WEBSITEhttp://www.uottawa.ca/services/ehss.biosafety.htm

Biohazardous Materials User Registration

Practical Training Form

Biosafety Health Assessment Survey

MOVIE