Mar 21, 2016
1
Unix Linux 1965
MIT, AT&T , General Electric Multics . , * . , Multics , .
, , , UNIX.
** , PDP-7 , . . UNIX , . UNIX PDP-7 , DEC PDP-7
1973
(Dennis Ritchie) C , UNIX C .
UNIX , . UNIX , , .Source UNIX , Berkeley Unix(BSD), SYSV , SunOS, OSF/1,AIX, HP-UX, Solaris, IRIX, SCOUNIX .
1980
UNIX DEC PDP-11 VAX . , MIT PDP-10 ITS , , , . , DEC VAX PDP-11 , PDP-10 ITS . & PDP-11
*GNU
1984 1
MIT ITS (Richard Stollman), . , . UNIX. C , UNIX GNU(GNU is Not Unix) . GNU , MIT , MIT , .
*GNUs Not UNIX [ GNU ] (FSF) (OS)
1985
GNU Emacs , GNU FSF(Free Software Foundation, ) . GNU GPL , . GNU FSF .
1990
GNU , . Mach 'Hurd' , GNU .
1991
GNU , . 21 , (Andy Tanenbaum) (MINIX) , MINIX . " GNU " . , , i386 . 0.01 , . 0.02 , bash(GNU Bourne Again Shell) gcc(GNU C ) . Shell -
9GNU
1992
3 0.95 , x86 , . GNU Hurd , FSF GNU . GNU C gcc , GNU . , , , . .
1994
1 6 1.0 , . , , .
1995
i386 , , , , 64 .
1996
2.0 , .
1998
.
1999
SMP 16 CPU , 2048 .
2003 ~ ..
, IBM SUN Unix MS . .
Smp - 12
, ,
SMP NUMA
SMP - NUMA(Non-Uniform Memory Access) - 2.6
Numa - CPU Set 13