United Nations Day - Kerala PSC

Vol. 27 Issue 4 Fortnightly October 15, 2015 Page 24 ` 5

PSC Bulletin, Official Publication of Kerala Public Service Commission

SINCE 1985

website: www.keralapsc.gov.in E-mail: [email protected] Call Centre: 0471-2554000

]n.-F-kv.-kn. _p≈-‰n-\ns‚ GP‚p-am¿°v C\n-ap-X¬ Pn√m Hmô-kp-Ifn¬ t\cn´v ]W-a-S-bv°mw. apºv Bÿm\ Hmô-kn¬ amX-amWvCXn-\p≈ kwhn-[m-\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv. Pn√m Hmô-kp-Ifn¬ t\cn v ]W-a-S-bv°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-tXmsS _m¶n¬ \n∂v Unam≥Uv Um^v‰v FSp-°p-∂Xp-aq-e-ap≈ ka-b-\-jvShpw IΩo-j≥ sNehpw Hgn-hm-°m-\m-hpw.

hnhn[ ÿe-ß-fn¬ DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-Iƒ°v _p≈-‰n\ns‚ e`-yXh¿[n∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\v ]pXnb GP≥kn-Iƒ G¿s∏-Sp-Øp∂ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Du¿Pn-X-am°nbn-´p-≠v. \nc-h-[n- hn-Z-ym-`-ymk ÿm]-\-ßƒGP≥kn-sb-SpØv _p≈-‰n≥ e`-y-am-°p-∂p≠v. 300/˛ cq]-bmWvGP≥kn FSp-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ an\nawsUt∏m -kn‰ v . sImdn -b¿ Nm¿PvkuP\yamWv.

Xß-fpsS ]tZ-iØv GP≥kn C√m-Ø-Xn¬ _p≈-‰n≥ hmßm≥ _p≤n-ap´vA\p-`-h-s∏-Sp∂p F∂v \nc-h[n DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-Iƒ ]cm-Xn-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. F∂m¬,X]m¬hgn _p≈-‰n≥ DtZym-Km¿Yn--Iƒ°v\¬Ip-∂-Xn\v ê-]-Zhpw Imcy-£-a-hp-

GP‚p-am¿°v C\n-ap-X¬ Pn√mHmô-kp-I-fnepw ]W-a-Sbv°mw

amb kwhn-[m\w \ne-hn-ep-≠v. DtZym-Km¿Yn-Iƒ°v CXv ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. hcn-kwJy ]n.-F-kv.-kn.-Hm- o-kn¬ e`n-®m-¬ AXpkw_-‘-amb FkvFwFkv hcn-°m¿°v e`n-°pw. hnhn[ ]n.-F-kv.-kn.Hmô-kp-I-fntem t]mtÃm- o-kntem \qdp-cq] HSp-°n-bm¬ _p≈-‰n≥15 amk-tØ°v C¥-ybn-se-hn-sSbpw X]m-en¬ In´pw. 200 cq]bv°v 30amkhpw 300 cq]bv°v 45 amkhpw _p≈-‰n≥ hcp-Ømw. t]mÃ¬k_vkvIn-]vj≥ kw_-‘-amb ]cm-Xn-I-fp-≠m-Ip∂]£w ASn-b-¥c]cn-lmc \S]SnIfpw kzo-I-cn-®p-h-cp-∂p. ap≥h¿jsØ At]-£n®vk¿°p-te-j-\n¬ Ct∏m-gsØ h¿≤-\hv 30 iX-am-\-am-Wv.

ae-∏pdw Pn√-bn-se- h-≠q-cn¬- Hm¿-K-ss\-kn-Mv- G-P-≥kn- G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn.- sh-≈-d-S,- A-Sq¿,- a-´-∂q¿,- sIm-ń-bw- F-∂o-ÿ-e-ß-fn¬- ]p-Xn-b- G-P-≥kn- A-\p-h-Zn-®n-´p-≠v.- kw-ÿm-\-sØ- hn-hn-[- Xm-eq-°p-I-fn¬- Hm¿-K-ss\-kn-Mv- G-P-‚p-am-sc-B-h-iy-ap-≠v.- G-P-≥kn- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- A-dn -bp -∂-Xn -\v - t^m-¨-: - 0471 2546270.email:[email protected]

UnitedNations

Day

October 24

2 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15

io.- Atim-I≥- Ncp-hn¬ ˛ sNb¿-am≥saº¿-, tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

tUm.- sI Djsaº¿,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

io.- ]n- in-hZm-k≥-saº¿,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

io-aXn.- kn-an- tdm-kv-s_¬- tPm¨-saº¿, tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

AUz.- C cho-µ\m-Y≥-saº¿,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

]Xm[n]kanXn

79399 hscbp≈ hcn°mcpsS Imemh[n HIv-tSm-_¿- 15

e-°tØmsSbmWv Ahkm\n°p∂Xv

hcnkwJy (\qdpcq])

aWn-tbm¿U-dmbn Abt°≠ hnemkw:

]ªn-Iv- dn-tej≥-kv- Hm-ô-k¿,-

tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-ho-kv- IΩnj≥,-

]´w- ]m-ekv- ]n.-H., Xn-cp-h\¥]p-cw-˛695004h-cn-°m¿- _p-≈-‰n-≥ kw-_-‘n-®v- I-sØ-gp-Xp-tºm-gpw-t^m-¨- sN-øp-tºm-gpw- _p-≈-‰n-\n-s‚- te-_-en-ep-≈-

k-_v-kv-ssI-_¿- \-º¿- Ir-Xy-am-bn- kq-Nn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.-

hcn°mcpsS i≤bv°v

]ªnIv dntej≥kv Hmôk¿io.-_n.- kt¥m-jv-, t^m¨ : 0471 2546368 OR 9446412483

k¿°ptej≥ (]n.B¿.bqWn‰v): 0471 2546270

H‰ØhW cPn-kvt-Sj≥-t^m-t´m- kw-_\v-[n-® \n¿-t±ißƒ-

1.-1.-2012 ap-X¬- ]m-_-ey-Øn-ep-≈- h-¨-˛-ssSw- c-Pn-kv-tS-j-≥, - I -Ωo -j-s‚- Hu -tZym -Kn -I - sh-_v -ssk-‰m -bwww.keralapsc.gov.in hgn- \SØn-btijam-Wv- DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- hn-hn-[ Xkv-Xn-IIƒ-°m-bn- At]£ ka¿-∏n-t°≠Xv.- t^m-t´m- A]v-tem-Uv- sNøp-tºmƒ- ]co-£m¿-Xv-Yn-Iƒ- Xm-sg ]dbp-∂ Im-cy-ßƒ- ]tXy-Iw- i≤n-t°≠Xm-Wv.-1.- t^m-t´m-bn¬- DtZym-Km¿-Xv-Yn-bp-sS t]cpw- t^m-t´m FSp-

Ø Xo-bXn-bpw- ]Xn-®n-cn-°Ww.2. -- IΩo-j≥- ]p-ds∏Sp-hn-°p-∂ hn-⁄m-]\ßƒ- ]Im-

cw- DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- At]£ ka¿-∏n-°p-tºmƒ- A]v-tem-Uv- sNøp-∂ t^m-t´mbv-°v- 10 h¿-jtØbv-°v- ]m-_ey-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.-- -

3. ]co-£m¿-XvYn-bp-sS ap-Jhpw- tXm-fp-Ifp-sS ap-Iƒ- m-Khpw-hy-Iv-Xam-bn- ]Xn-™n-cn-°Ø° hn-[Øn-ep-≈ ]m-kv-t]m¿-´v- sskkn-ep-≈ If¿-/ªm-°v- & ssh‰v- t^m-t´m-bm-bn-cn-°Ww.-

4. -shfp-ØtXm- Cfw- \n-dØn-tem- D≈ ]iv-Nm-ØeØn¬-Cfw- \n-dØn-ep-≈ hkv-Xw- [cn-®v- FSp-Ø t^m-t´m-bm-bn-cn-°Ww.-

5.- ap-Jw- t\scbpw- ]q¿-Æam-bpw- t^m-t´m-bp-sS a≤y- m-KØv-]Xn-™n-cn-°Ww.-

6.- IÆp-Iƒ- hy-Iv-Xam-bn- Im-WØ° hn-[Øn-em-bn-cn-°Ww.-7.- A]v-tem-Uv- sNøp-∂ t^m-t´m-Iƒ- 200 ]n-Iv-sk¬- h x 150

]n-Iv-sk¬- w D≈Xpw- JPG t^m¿-am-‰n-ep-≈Xpw- 30 KB

^b¬ sskkn¬- A[n-Icn-°m-ØXp-am-bn-cn-°Ww.-8.- k¨-•m-kv,- sXm-∏n- F∂n-h [cn-®v- FSp-ØXpw- ap-JØn-

s≥-d Hcp- hiw- am-Xw- Im-WØ°hn-[ap-≈Xpw- ap-Jw- hy-Iv-Xa√m-ØXp-am-b t^m-t´m-Iƒ- kzo-Im-cy-a√.

9.- ""aXm-Nm-cØn-s≥-d m-Kam-bn- sXm-∏n-/in-tcm-hkv-Xw- [cn-®v- FSp-Ø t^m-t´m- a‰v- \n¿-t±ißf\p-kcn-®m-sW¶n¬-kzo-Im-cy-am-Wv.-

t]cpw-t^m-t´m-FSp-Ø Xo-bXn-bpw-

tZh-ZØv Pn. ]pd-°mSv A¥-cn-®pap≥ ]n.-F-kv.-kn. AwKw tZh-ZØv Pn. ]pd-°mSvsk]vXw-_¿ 30 \v Fd-Wm-Ip-fØv A¥-cn-®p.Be-∏pg Pn√-bnse ]pd-°m´v 1948 sabv 23 \v P\n-®p. A[-ym-]-I-hr-Øn-bn¬ \n∂v kzbw hnc-an®vcmjvSob-Øn¬ kPo-h-amb tZh-ZØv Pn.-]p-d-°mSvKma-]-©m-b-Øw-Kw, ]©m-bØv ]kn-U‚ v, Pn√mIu¨kn¬ AwKw, a’-y-sØm-gn-emfn tIm¨KkvP\-d¬ skI-´-dn F∂o \ne-I-fn¬ ]h¿Øn-®n´p-≠v. X®Sn ]`m-I-c≥ [\-a-¥n-bm-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ F´p-am-k-tØmfw t]gvk-W¬ skI-´-dn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.Km‘n-b≥ ]ÿm-\-ß-fn¬ kPo-h-am -bn -cp∂At±lw km£cX ]ÿm-\-Øn\v ap≥ssI-sb-SpØ]ap-J-cn¬ Hcm-fm-Wv. Pn√m km£-cXm anj≥tIm˛Hm¿Un-t\-‰dmbn hfsc°mew ]h¿Øn-®n- p-≠v.Zo¿L-Imew s\lp-tSm^n kph-\o¿ FUn-‰ -dmbncp∂ At±lw XIgn kvamcI kanXn skI-´-dn, Aº-e-∏pg Ip©≥ \º-ym¿ kvamcI kanXnsNb¿am≥, tZiob km£cXm anj≥ AwKw F∂oÿm\-ßfpw hln-®n- p-≠v.tZh-ZØv Pn.-]p-d-°mSv ]n.-F-kv.-kn. saw_-dmbn tkh-

\-a-\p-jvTn-®-Xv 2004˛2010 Ime-b-f-hn-emWv. ]ªnIv k¿hokv IΩo-j≥ 2006 ¬ kph¿W Pq_nen BtLm-j-ßtfmS-\p-_-‘n®v ]kn-≤o-I-cn® kph-\o-dns‚ No^v FUn-‰¿ At±-lambn-cp∂p. HIvtSm-_¿ A©n\vtN¿∂ IΩo-j≥ tbmKw tZh-ZØv Pn.-]p-d-°m-Sns‚ \nc-ym-W-Øn¬ Zp:Jw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw IΩo-j-\p-th≠n At±-l-a¿∏n® tkh-\-ßsf A\p-kva-cn -°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]n. -F-kv. -kn. sNb¿am≥tUm.-sI.-Fkv.-cm-[m-Ir-jvW≥ tbmK-Øn¬ A[-y-£-X -hln-®p.

Iqń-t®¿°¬ hn⁄m-]\wPbn¬ hIp-∏n¬ Akn-Ã‚ v Pbn-e¿ tKUv I XkvXn-I-bn-te-°p≈ \nb-a-\-Øn-\mbn At]£ £Wn-®p-sIm-≠p≈hn⁄m-]\w (P-bn¬ hIp-∏nse \n›nX tbmK-y-X-bp≈ an\n-Ão-cn-b¬ hn`mKw Poh-\-°m-cn¬ \n∂pw t\cn- p≈\nb-a-\w) Im‰-Kdn \º¿ 169/2015 Bbn 11˛06˛2015 Xob-Xn-bnse 1399 \º¿ Kk-‰n¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬ _lp. tIcf AUvan-\n-kvtS-‰ohv ssS_yq-W¬ O.A.1259/2015 l¿Pn-bn-t∑¬ 07˛08˛2015 ¬ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® DØ-chv ]men-°p-∂-Xn-te-bv°mbn Sn XkvXn-I-bn-te°v At]£ £Wn-®p-sIm-≠p≈, ta¬ ]cm-a¿in®hn⁄m-]-\-Ønse hy-h-ÿ-I-ƒ°pw \n_-‘-\-Iƒ°pw hnt[-b-ambn ]kvXpX hn⁄m-]-\-Ønse 6 mw C\w‘]mb-]-cn-[n-bn¬’ tN¿Øn- p≈ hy-h-ÿ-tbm-sSm∏w NphsS ]d-bp∂ h-y-hÿIqSn Iqń-t®¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p.

“a‰p ]nt∂m° hn`m-K-Øn¬s∏-´-h¿°pw ]ń-I-PmXn ]ń-I-h¿§-°m¿°pw Db¿∂ ]mb-]-cn-[n-bn¬ \nb-am-\-krX Cf-hp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw”. (-h-b- n-fhv kw_-‘n®v Kk‰v hn⁄m-]-\-Ønse s]mXp hy-h-ÿ-I-fnse c≠mwJWvUnI t\m°p-I)

01˛01˛2015 ¬ 36 hb v Ign-™-Xp-Im-cWw 11˛06˛2015 se hn⁄m-]-\-]-Imcw Cu XkvXn-Ibv°v At]£ka¿∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Xn-cp∂ \n›nX tbmK-y-X-bp≈ DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-I-ƒ°v amXw ta¬ Iqń-t®¿Ø hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ ]Imcw A¿l-amb hb- n-f-hn\v hnt[-b-ambn Cu hn⁄m-]-\-]-Imcw At]£ ka¿∏n-°m-hp-∂Xm-Wv.11˛06˛2015 Xob-Xn-bnse Kk‰v hn⁄m-]-\-Ønse a‰v hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ°v am‰-an-√.

At]£ ka¿∏n-t°≠ Ah-km\ XobXn 21˛10˛2015 _p[-\mgvN A¿≤-cmXn 12 aWn-hsc

************Pbn¬ hIp-∏n¬ Akn-Ã‚ v Pbn-e¿ tKUv I XkvXn-I-bn-te-°p≈ \nb-a-\-Øn-\mbn At]£ £Wn-®p-sIm-≠p≈hn⁄m-]\w (P-bn¬ hIp-∏nse \n›nX tbmK-y-X-bp≈ FIvkn-I-yp- ohv hn`mKw Poh-\-°m-cn¬ \n∂pw t\cn- p≈\nb-a-\w) Im‰-Kdn \º¿ 170/2015 Bbn 11˛06˛2015 Xob-Xn-bnse 1399 \º¿ Kk-‰n¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p.

F∂m¬ _lp. tIcf AUvan-\n-kvtS-‰ohv ssS_yq-W¬ O.A.1259/2015 l¿Pn-bn-t∑¬ 07˛08˛2015 ¬ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® DØ-chv ]men-°p-∂-Xn-te-bv°mbn Sn XkvXn-I-bn-te°v At]£ £Wn-®p-sIm-≠p≈, ta¬ ]cm-a¿in®hn⁄m-]-\-Ønse hy-h-ÿ-I-ƒ°pw \n_-‘-\-Iƒ°pw hnt[-b-ambn ]kvXpX hn⁄m-]-\-Ønse 6 mw C\w]mb-]-cn-[n-bn¬ tN¿Øn- p≈ hy-h-ÿ-tbm-sSm∏w NphsS ]d-bp∂ h-y-hÿIqSn Iqń-t®¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p.

“a‰p ]nt∂m° hn`m-K-Øn¬s∏-´-h¿°pw ]ń-I-PmXn ]ń-I-h¿§-°m¿°pw Db¿∂ ]mb-]-cn-[n-bn¬ \nb-am-\-krX Cf-hp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw”. (-h-b- n-fhv kw_-‘n®v Kk‰v hn⁄m-]-\-Ønse s]mXp hy-h-ÿ-I-fnse c≠mwJWvUnI t\m°p-I)

01˛01˛2015 ¬ 36 hb v Ign-™-Xp-Im-cWw 11˛06˛2015 se hn⁄m-]-\-]-Imcw Cu XkvXn-Ibv°v At]£ka¿∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Xn-cp∂ \n›nX tbmK-y-X-bp≈ DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-I-ƒ°v amXw ta¬ Iqń-t®¿Ø hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ ]Imcw A¿l-amb hb- n-f-hn\v hnt[-b-ambn Cu hn⁄m-]-\-]-Imcw At]£ ka¿∏n-°m-hp-∂Xm-Wv.11˛06˛2015 Xob-Xn-bnse Kk‰v hn⁄m-]-\-Ønse a‰v hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ°v am‰-an-√.

At]£ ka¿∏n-t°≠ Ah-km\ XobXn 21˛10˛2015 _p[-\mgvN A¿≤-cmXn 12 aWn-hsc

Xncp-Ø¬ hn⁄m-]\w29˛04˛2015 se Kk-‰n¬ Im‰-Kdn \º¿ 94/2015 Bbn ]kn-≤o-I-cn® kmt¶-XnI hnZ-ym-`-ymk hIp-∏nse Akn-kv‰‚ v s]m^- ¿ C≥ knhn¬ F©n-\o-b-dnwKv (kvs]-j-y¬ dnIq-´vsa‚ v-˛-]-ń-I-h¿§-°m-cn¬ \n∂p amXw As√-¶n¬ ]ń-I-PmXn/]ń-I-h-¿-§-°m-cn¬ \n∂p amXw) XkvXn-Ibv°v At]£ £Wn-®p-sI≠v hn⁄m-]-\-Øn¬Ia \º¿ 6 se ]mbw 20˛24 F∂Xv Xmsg-∏-dbpw ]Imcw XncpØn hmbn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.(6) ]mbw 20˛44DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-Iƒ 02˛01˛1971 \pw 01˛01˛1995 \pw CS-bn¬ P\n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°Ww (c≠v Xob-Xn-Ifpw Dƒs∏-sS)hb- n-f-hns\ kw_-‘n® \ne-hn-ep≈ a‰v B\p-Iq-e-y-ß-sfm∂pw Cu sXc-s™-Sp-∏n\v _m[-I-a-√.apI-fn¬ ]d™ Imc-W-Øm¬ ]kvXpX XkvXn-Ibv°v At]-£n-°m≥ Ign-bmØ tbmK-y-cmb DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-Iƒ°v Cu hn⁄m-]\ ]Imcw At]-£n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. 29˛04˛2015 se hn⁄m-]-\-Ønse a‰p hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ°p am‰-an-√.08˛10˛2015 apX¬ 17˛10˛2015 i\n-bmgvN cmXn 12 aWn-hsc DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-Iƒ°v Hm¨sse-\mbn At]-£n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 3

]co-£m- Ie≠¿ -- ˛ 2013 sk]v-Xw-_¿-]co-£m- Ie≠¿ -- ˛ 2015 Un-kw-_¿-* Examination Time includes half an hour as preparation time for the verification of Admission Tickets and original ID of the Candidates appearing for the

examination.

Ia Xo-bXn- Xkv-Xn-Ibpw- Im-‰Kdn- \ºdpw- hIp-∏v-/ kn-e_kv-

\w- kabw- kv-Ym-]\w-

1 02/12/2015 WORK ASSISTANT KERALA STATE ROAD Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) TRANSPORT CORPORATION Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Technical Qualification Part II : General Knowledge,

07.30 AM* 400/2014 - SC Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 09.15 AM Further Details regarding Main Topics (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)

are available on the Website Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 18/11/2015



07.30 AM* 226/2014 - D Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala






07.30 AM* 227/2014 - OX Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala




COMMON TEST FOR SL. Nos. 1, 2 & 3 ABOVE

4 02/12/2015 CAULKER STATE WATER TRANSPORT Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

07.30 AM* 399/2014 Part II : General Science Part III: Questions based on experience as Caulker

to 09.15 AM V (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)

(Medium of Questions: Malayalam/Tamil/Kannada)

Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile


5 02/12/2015 CAULKER STATE WATER TRANSPORT Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

07.30 AM* 740/2014 Part II : General Science Part III: Questions based on experience as Caulker

to 09.15 AM LC/AI (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)




COMMON TEST FOR SL. Nos. 4 & 5 ABOVE

6 03/12/2015 NON VOCATIONAL TEACHER VOCATIONAL HIGHER Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Thursday – GENERAL FOUNDATION SECONDARY EDUCATION Main Topics:- Part I : Marketing Management Part II : Indian Economy Part III: Co-Operative

07.30 AM* COURSE (JUNIOR) Management Part IV: Human Resource Management Part V : Demand and Supply Analysis

to 09.15 AM 11/2012 Part VI: Business Organization & Management Part VII: Project Management Part VIII: Service

Further Details regarding Main Topics Sector & Economic Development Part IX: Advanced Methodology of Teaching Part X : General

are available on the Website Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)



7. 03/12/2015 TAILORING INSTRUCTOR JAILS Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Thursday 334/2013 Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Technical Qualification Part II: General Knowledge,

07.30 AM* Further Details regarding Main Topics Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 09.15 AM are available on the Website (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: Malayalam)



8 04/12/2015 BOAT DRIVER KERALA STATE WATER Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Friday 274/2014 TRANSPORT Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

07.30 AM* Part II: General Science Part III: Questions based on Boat Drivers License

to 09.15 AM (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)




9 05/12/2015 WOMEN POLICE CONSTABLE POLICE Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Saturday (ARMED POLICE BATTALION Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

01.30 PM* (NCA NOTIFICATION) Part II : General English Part III: Arithmetic & Mental Ability

to 03.15 PM 607/2014 (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)

KAP III - PTA - OX Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile


4 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15

Ia Xo-bXn- Xkv-Xn-Ibpw- Im-‰Kdn- \ºdpw- hIp-∏v-/ kn-e_kv-\w- kabw- kv-Ym-]\w-





KAP III - PTA - HN Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile






KAP I - EKM -M, KAP IV - KGD - M Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

KAP V - IDK - M in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 21/11/2015





KAP I - EKM - HN, KAP IV - KGD - HN Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

MSP - MPM - HN in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 21/11/2015





KAP II -TSR - SIUC N Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

KAP V - IDK - SIUC N in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 21/11/2015





KAP II - TSR - OX, KAP IV - KGD - OX Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

MSP - MPM - OX in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 21/11/2015





KAP IV - KGD - SC Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile






KAP IV - KGD - ST Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

KAP V - IDK - ST in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 21/11/2015





KAP IV - KGD - D Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile






KAP IV - KGD - V Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

MSP - MPM - V in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 21/11/2015





KAP V - IDK - LC/AI Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile


COMMON TEST FOR SL. Nos. 9 TO 19 ABOVE

20 08/12/2015 VOCATIONAL TEACHER – VOCATIONAL HIGHER Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Tuesday MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRS SECONDARY EDUCATION Main Topics:- Part I : Basic Electrical Engineering Part II : Instrumentation Part III: Analog & Digital

07.30 AM* OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES Electronics Part IV: Electronic Instrumentation Part V : Control System Part VI: Electrical System

to 09.15 AM 393/2013 Design Part VII: Electrical Machines Part VIII:Power System Part IX: General Knowledge, Current

Further Details regarding Main Topics Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

are available on the Website (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)



2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 5


21 09/12/2015 CHEMIST GRADE II HEALTH SERVICES Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Wednesday 554/2014 Main Topics:- Part I : Natural Products Part II : Chemistry in Everyday Life Part III: Bio molecules

07.30 AM* Further Details regarding Main Topics Part IV: Quality Control of Pharmaceuticals Part V : General Chemistry Part VI: Organic Chemistry

to 09.15 AM are available on the Website Part VII: Environmental Chemistry Part VIII:Analytical Chemistry Part IX: General Knowledge,

Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala




22 10/12/2015 LINEMAN GRADE I REVENUE Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Thursday 348/2014 Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on NTC Electrician Trade Part II : Questions based on

07.30 AM* KTM Mechanic Motor Vehicle Part III: General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 09.15 AM (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)



23 11/12/2015 MICROBIOLOGIST PHARMACEUTICAL Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Friday 642/2014 CORPORATION (IM) Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on M.Sc. Microbiology Part II: General Knowledge, Current

07.30 AM* KERALA LIMITED Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala




24 12/12/2015 SEAMAN HYDROGRAPHIC Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Saturday (SR FOR ST ONLY) SURVEY WING (PORT) Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala Part II: General

01.30 PM* 275/2013 Science Part III: Questions based on proficiency in boat pulling, knotes, etc

to 03.15 PM EKM (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)




25 12/12/2015 SEAMAN HYDROGRAPHIC Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Saturday SURVEY WING (PORT) Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala Part II: General

01.30 PM* 475/2013 Science Part III: Questions based on proficiency in boat pulling, knotes, etc

to 03.15 PM EKM (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)





26 15/12/2015 LABORATORY TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL HIGHER Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Tuesday ASSISTANT – MAINTENANCE` SECONDARY EDUCATION Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Technical Qualification Part II : General Knowledge,

07.30 AM* & REPAIRS OF TWO WHELERS AND Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 09.15 AM THREE WHEELERS (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)

115/2014 Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile


27 16/12/2015 ELECTRICIAN / PUMP OPERATOR REVENUE Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Wednesday 449/2014 Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on NTC Electrician Part II : Questions based on NTC

07.30 AM* TVM Mechanic Motor Vehicle Part X: General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala




28 17/12/2015 MOTOR MECHANIC/STORE GROUND WATER Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Thursday ASSISTANT Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Technical Qualification Part II : General Knowledge,

07.30 AM* 111/2014 Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala




29 18/12/2015 LECTURER IN COMMERCE TECHNICAL EDUCATION Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Friday 417/2014 (POLYTECHNIC COLLEGES) Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Qualification prescribed Part II : Salient Features of

07.30 AM* Further Details regarding Main Topics Indian Constitution Part III: Social Welfare Programmes & Legislations Part IV: General Knowledge,

to 09.15 AM are available on the Website Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala




30 19/12/2015 CLERK/CASHIER DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Saturday (PART I – DIRECT RECRUITMENT) BANK Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Qualification prescribed Part II : General Knowledge,

01.30 PM* 20/2014 Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 03.15 PM TVM, KLM, PTA, ALP, KTM, IDK (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)

EKM, TSR, PKD, MPM, KKD, KNR Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

WYD, KGD in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 05/12/2015

6 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15


31 19/12/2015 CLERK/CASHIER DISTRICT CO-OPERATIVE Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Saturday (PART I – SOCIETY QUOTA – DIRECT BANK Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Qualification prescribed Part II : General Knowledge,

01.30 PM* RECRUITMENT FROM ELIGIBLE Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 03.15 PM EMPLOYEES OF MEMBER SOCIETIES/ (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)

PRIMARY CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

AFFILIATED TO THE CONCERNED in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 05/12/2015

DISTRICT COOPERATIVE BANKS)

21/2014

TVM, KLM, PTA, ALP, KTM, IDK,EKM

TSR, PKD, MPM, KKD, KNR,WYD, KGD


32 22/12/2015 LEGAL OFFICER KERALA FINANCIAL Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Tuesday 435/2014 CORPORATION Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

07.30 AM* KTM, KKD Part II :Constitution of India Part III: General English Part IV: Questions based on Degree in Law




33 23/12/2015 FOREMAN (SERVICE WORKSHOP) KERALA SMALL INDUSTRIES Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Wednesday 277/2014 DEVELOPMENT CORPORA Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Technical Qualification Part II : Questions based on

07.30 AM* TION LIMITED (SIDCO) Experience Part III: General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala




34 29/12/2015 MECHANIC GRADE II KERALA STATE ROAD Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Tuesday 653/2014 TRANSPORT CORPORATION Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Technical Qualification Part II : General Knowledge,

07.30 AM* Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala




35 29/12/2015 ASSISTANT DENTAL SURGEON HEALTH SERVICES Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Tuesday 35/2015 Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala Part II a: General

07.30 AM* Human Anatomy II b: General Human Physiology II c: General Pathology II d: General Pharmacology

to 09.15 AM II e: Biochemistry II f: Microbiology Part III a: Oral Anatomy & Histology III b: Conservative Dentistry

& Endodontics III c: Oral Pathology & Microbiology III d: Orthodontics III e: Pedodontics III f: Oral

Medicine & Radiology III g: Community Dentistry III h: Periodontics III i : Oral Surgery & Anaesthesia

III j: Prosthodontics including Dental Materials




36 30/12/2015 ACCOUNTS OFFICER KERALA STATE PALMYRAH Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Wednesday 281/2014 PRODUCTS DEVELOPMENT Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Qualification prescribed Part II : General Knowledge,

07.30 AM* Further Details regarding Main Topics & WORKERS WELFARE Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 09.15 AM are available on the Website CORPORATION LIMITED (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)

(KELPAM) Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile


sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- Be∏p-g

sl. category Name of Post & Dept. Date

No No 2015 Nov.

1. 69/11 Skilled Assistant Gr.II

Electrical Inspectorate 18

2. 336/13 Pharmacist Gr. II (Ayurveda) *

ISM/IMS/Ayurveda Colleges 18

sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- CSp-°n-

1. 416/11 Radiographer Grade II

Indian Systems of Medicine 18

2. 102/12 Staff Nurse Gr.II (NCA-Dheevara),

Health Services Department * 19

3. 69/11 Skilled Assistant Gr.II

Electrical Inspectorate 19

4. 461/12 High School Assistant (Sanskrit) -Education 19

C≥-d¿-hyq- t]m-Kmw- \hww--_¿- 2015

sI]n-Fkv-kn- do-Pn-bW¬-- Bô-kv,- FdWm-Ip-fw-

1. 205/14 High School Assistant (Social Studies)

(Malayalam Medium) -ByTransfer -

Education - TVM(18), IDK(2)

KLM(4),ALP(1),KTYM(3),EKM(2),PKD(5) 18



Education - MLP(20)

TSR(2),KKD(6),WYND(4) 19

3. 119/11 Confidential Assistant Gr.II (SR for SC/ST)-

Various Department

(District Office Ernakulam) 20



Education - KNR(10),KSGD(8) 20

sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- ae∏p-dw-

1. 461/12 High School Assistant (Sanskrit) - 18,19,

Education 20

sI]n-Fkv-kn- Pn-√m- Bô-kv,- Im-k¿-tKm-Uv-

1. 658/12 Full Time Junior Language Teacher (Urdu)-

Education Department 18,19

2. 461/12 High School Assistant (Sanskrit) -

Education 19

3. 57/14 Pharmacist Gr.II (Ayurveda) - NCA -LC &

Muslim- Indian Systems of Medicine 20

4. 76/13 Tractor Driver - Agriculture Department 20

5. 295/13 Tractor Driver (NCA-SC) - Agriculture

Department 20

* Denotes that the examination was conducted online.

2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 7

Hm¨-sse≥- ]co-£m- Ie≠¿ -- ˛ 2015 Un-kw-_¿-* Examination Time includes one hour as preparation time for the verification of Admission Tickets and original ID of the candidates appearing for the examination.


1 07/12/2015 DRAFTSMAN GRADE III HARBOUR ENGINEERING Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Monday (CIVIL)/ OVERSEER GRADE ONLINE EXAMINATION Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on NTC Draftsman (Civil) Part II : Questions based on

11.00 AM* III (CIVIL)/TRACER NTC Surveyor Part III: General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 01.15 PM (SR FOR ST ONLY) (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)



2 14/12/2015 HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL HIGHER SECONDARY Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Monday TEACHER (POLITICAL SCIENCE) EDUCATION (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)

11.00 AM* (SR FOR SC/ST ONLY) ONLINE EXAMINATION Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in

to 01.15 PM 577/2014 from 04/12/2015

Further Details regarding Main Topics

are available on the Website

3 21/12/2015 HEAD OF SECTION IN COMPUTER TECHNICAL EDUCATION Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Monday APPLICATION & BUSINESS ONLINE EXAMINATION Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Qualification prescribed Part II: General Knowledge,

11.00 AM* MANAGEMENT (GOVT. Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 01.15 PM POLYTECHNICS) (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)


Further Details regarding Main Topics in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 11/12/2015

are available on the Website

4 22/12/2015 JUNIOR MANAGER KERALA STATE CIVIL Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Tuesday (QUALITY ASSURANCE) SUPPLIES CORPORATION Main Topics:- Part I : Crops, Soil & Water Part II : Seed Technology Part III: Post Harvest

11.00 AM* 337/2014 LIMITED Management Part IV: Agricultural Marketing Part V : Food Chemistry & Microbiology

to 01.15 PM Further Details regarding Main Topics ONLINE EXAMINATION Part VI: Food Processing & Preservation Part VII: Technology of Plant & Animal Foods

are available on the Website Part VIII:Food Analysis & Quality Assurance Part IX: General Knowledge, Current Affairs &

Renaissance in Kerala




5 23/12/2015 LECTURER IN LAW COLLEGIATE EDUCATION Mode of Examination: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification

Wednesday 657/2012 (GOVERNMENT LAW prescribed for the post

11.00 AM* COLLEGES) Maximum Marks : 100 Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes (Medium of Questions: English)

to 01.15 PM ONLINE EXAMINATION Syllabus: For Detailed Syllabus please visit our website www.keralapsc.gov.in



6 28/12/2015 LECTURER IN COMMERCIAL TECHNICAL EDUCATION Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Monday PRACTICE (POLYTECHNIC COLLEGES) Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

11.00 AM* 416/2014 ONLINE EXAMINATION Part II : Environmental Science & Disaster Management Part III: Questions based on

to 01.15 PM Further Details regarding Main Topics Qualification prescribed

are available on the Website (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)



7 30/12/2015 JUNIOR HEALTH INSPECTOR HEALTH SERVICES Syllabus : An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Wednesday GRADE II ONLINE EXAMINATION Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Health Inspectors Training Certificate course /

11.00 AM* 742/2012 Sanitary Inspectors Training Certificate course Part II a: Physical Science Part II b: Natural Science

to 01.15 PM Part III : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala




8 31/12/2015 ASSISTANT ENGINEER IRRIGATION Syllabus : An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Thursday (MECHANICAL) ONLINE EXAMINATION Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Degree in Mechanical Engineering

11.00 AM* (SR FOR SC/ST ONLY) Part III : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala




8 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15

Ia Im‰-Kdn AwKo-I-cn® XkvXn-I-bpsS t]cv\º¿ \º¿ XobXn392/2015 439/2012 25˛08˛2015 et_m-d- dn sSIv\o-j-y≥˛ tlman-tbm-∏-Xn˛]me-°mSv393/2015 667/2012 25˛08˛2015 ssUh¿ tKUv 2 F®v.-Un.-hn.F≥.- kn.kn /

ssk\nIv sh¬^-b¿ (FIvk¿∆okv am≥˛sIm√w394/2015 485/2012 25˛08˛2015 koam≥ (F≥.-kn.-F.-˛-F-kv.-kn)

ssltUm-Km-^nIvk¿t∆ hnwKv˛sIm√w395/2015 486/2012 25˛08˛2015 koam≥ (F≥.-kn.-F.-˛-ap…ow)

ssltUmKm-^nIv k¿t∆ hnwKv˛sIm√w396/2015 487/2012 25˛08˛2015 koam≥ (F≥.-kn.-F.-˛-H.-_n.-kn)

ssltUm- Km-^nIv k¿t∆ hnwKv˛sIm√w397/2015 488/2012 25˛08˛2015 koam≥ (F≥.-kn.-F.-˛-hni-z-I¿Ω)

ssltUm-Km-^nIv k¿t∆ hnwKv˛ sIm√w398/2015 026/2013 25˛08˛2015 Pq\n-b¿ Akn-Ã‚ v (A-°u-≠vkv)

C≥ Smh≥Iq¿ sIm®n≥ sIan-°¬kvenan-‰-Uv-˛-kw-ÿm-\- Xew

399/2015 69/2011 25˛08˛2015 kvIn¬Uv Akn-Ã‚ v tKUv 2CeIvSn-°¬ C≥kvs]-IvS-td‰v˛sIm√w

400/2015 107/2013 01-˛ 09˛2015 eIvN-d¿ C≥ ^nknIvkv, tImtfPv hnZ-ym-`-ymkhIp∏v (F≥.-kn.-F-˛-ap-…ow) kwÿm-\-Xew

401/2015 450/2010 04˛09˛2015 F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv.-Sn. tkmj-y¬ h¿°v (Pq-\n-b¿)lb¿ sk°‚dn hnZ-ym- -ymk hIp-∏v kwÿm\Xew

402/2015 450/2010 04˛09˛2015 F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv.-Sn. tkmj-y¬ h¿°v ˛ lb¿ sk°‚dn hnZ-ym- -ymk hIp∏v kwÿm\Xew

403/2015 309/2012 07˛09˛2015 F¬.-Un. ssS∏nkv hnhn[ hIp-∏p-Iƒ (]-tX-yI\nb-a\w˛F-kv.-B¿/Fkv.Sn) Imk-d-tKmUv

404/2015 309/2012 07˛09˛2015 F¬.-Un. ssS∏nÃv hnhn[ hIp-∏p-Iƒ(]-tX-yI \nb-a\w˛F-kv.-B¿/Fkv.Sn) sIm√w

405/2015 286/2011 07-˛09˛2015 Bb-˛-hn-hn[ hIp-∏p-Iƒ ˛ tImgn-t°mSv406/2015 213/2011 08˛09˛2015 shmt°-j-W¬ So®¿ F¬.-F-kv.Fw

shmt°-j-W¬ lb¿ sk°‚-dn-˛- kw-ÿm\Xew407/2015 647/2013 08˛09˛2015 πw_¿˛tI-cf hm´¿ AtXm-dn‰n˛kwÿm-\-Xew408/2015 572/2013 09˛09˛2015 tSUvkvam≥ (πw-_nwKv/ ssltUm-en-Ivkv)

(]-tX-yI \nb-a\w Fkv.-Sn) sSIv\n-°¬FU-yq-t°-j≥˛Xr-»q¿

409/2015 776/2014 09˛09˛2015 ]m¿ v ssSw Pq\n-b¿ emwtK-zPv So®¿ (A-d-_n-Iv)F¬.-]n.-F-kv. F≥.-kn.-F- ˛hnZ-ym-`-ymk hIp-∏v-˛-Im-k-d-tKmUv

410/2015 76/2011 08˛09˛2015 temh¿ Unhn-j≥ ssS∏nÃv (F≥.kn.-F.-F¬.kn) hnhn[ hIp-∏p-Iƒ ˛ IÆq¿

411/2015 76/2011 08˛09˛2015 temh¿ Unhn-j≥ ssS∏nÃv (F≥.kn.-F.-˛-ap-…ow) hnhn[hIp-∏p-Iƒ ˛ Imk¿tKmUv

412/2015 452/2014 09˛09˛2015 Akn-Ã‚ v F©n-\o-b¿/slUv Um v‰vkv-am≥/Akn-Ã‚ v ˛ -˛-˛(kn-hn¬) Cdn-tK-j≥ hIp-∏v˛-kw-ÿm-\-Xew

413/2015 615/2012 09˛09˛2015 ^m¿a-knÃv tKUv 2 (B-bp¿th-Z) sF.-F-kv.Fw/sF.Fw.-Fkv- Bbp¿thZ ˛Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]pcw

414/2015 616/2012 09˛09˛2015 ^m¿a-knÃv tKUv 2 (B-bp¿th-Z) sF.-F-kv.Fw/sF.-Fw.-Fkv/ Bbp¿thZ˛Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]pcw

415/2015 601/2013 09˛09˛2015 Ãm v \gvkv tKUv 2 sl¬Øv k¿∆o-kv- -h-b-\mSv416/2015 336/2013 09˛09˛2015 ^m¿a-knÃv tKUv 2 (B-bp¿th-Z) sF.-F-kv.Fw/

sF.-Fw.-Fkv/ Bbp¿thZ˛Imk¿tKmUv417/2015 336/2013 09˛09˛2015 ^m¿a-knÃv tKUv 2 (B-bp¿th-Z)

sF.-F-kv.Fw/sF.-Fw.-Fkv/ Bbp¿thZ˛IÆq¿418/2015 296/2011 09˛09˛2015 No^v P\-d¬ amt\-P¿˛tÃ‰v

tIm Hm-∏-td-‰o-hv-˛kwÿm-\-Xew419/2015 297/2011 14˛09˛2015 No^v P\-d¬ amt\-P¿˛ tÃ‰v tIm˛Hm-∏-td-‰o-hv-

˛kwÿm-\-Xew ss_Sm≥kv^¿-˛-kw-ÿm-\-Xew420/2015 576/2014 15˛09˛2015 lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqƒ So®¿

C°-tWm-an-Ivkv, lb¿ sk°‚dn hIp∏v(]-tX-yI \nb-a\w Fkv.-Sn)˛kw-ÿm\Xew

421/2015 712/2012 15˛09˛2015 Pq\n-b¿ I¨kƒ´‚ v P\-d¬ saUn-kn≥(F≥.-kn.-F.-˛F¬.kn/F.sF˛kwÿm\Xew

422/2015 136/2011 15˛09˛2015 dnk-]vjv\nÃv/]n.-_n. Hm∏-td-‰¿ A∏Ivkv skmssk‰okv tIm˛Hm-∏-td-‰ohv skIvS¿˛kwÿm\Xew

423/2015 76/2011 15˛09˛2015 F¬.-Un. ssS∏nÃv hnhn[w(F≥.-kn.-F-˛-F¬.-kn) hb-\mSv

424/2015 56/2014 15˛09˛2015 ^m¿a-knÃv tKUv 2, C¥-y≥ knÃwHm^v saUn-kn≥ (B-bp¿th-Z) IÆq¿

425/2015 416/2011 15˛09˛2015 tdUntbmKm^¿ tKUv 2, (C¥-y≥knÃw Hm^v saUn- kn≥), tImgn-t°mSv

426/2015 777/2014 15˛09˛2015 ]m¿´v ssSw Pq\n-b¿ emwtK-zPv So®¿ (A-d-_n-Iv)F¬.-]n.-F-kv. F≥.-kn.- F˛-H.-_nknhnZ-ym-`-ymk hIp-∏v-˛-Imk-d-tKmUv

427/2015 645/2012 15˛09˛2015 F¬.-Pn.-Fkv (]-tX-yI \nb-a- \w˛`n∂-ti-jn-bp-≈-h¿) FIvk¿∆o-kvsa≥˛F≥.-kn.kn/ssk\nIvsh¬^-b¿-˛-tIm-gn-t°mSv

428/2015 439/2012 15˛09˛2015 em_v sSIv\o-j-y≥- -tlm-an-tbm-∏Xn hIp∏v hb-\mSv429/2015 284/2013 15˛09˛2015 ^m¿a-knÃv tKUv 2 (B-bp¿th-Z) sF.-F-kv.Fw/

sF.-Fw.-Fkv/ Bbp¿thZ tImtf-Pp-Iƒ-˛-I-Æq¿430/2015 111/2010 16˛09˛2015 FNv.-F-kv.-F-kv.-Sn. Iº-yq-´¿ kb≥kv/Iº-yq-´¿

Bπn-t°-j≥kv˛lb¿ sk°‚dn hIp∏v˛kw-ÿm\Xew

431/2015 491/2013 16˛09˛2015 F≥.-hn.-Sn. (Pq-\n-b¿) (F≥.-kn.-F- ˛-F-kv.-Sn)shmt°-j-W¬ lb¿ sk°‚n hnZ-ym-`-ym-kw-˛-kwÿm\Xew

432/2015 29/2014 22˛09˛2015 Akn-Ã‚ v k¿P≥ (F≥.-kn.-F-˛ lnµp \mSm¿)sl¬Øv-˛-kw-ÿm\Xew

433/2015 31/2014 22˛09˛2015 Akn-Ã‚ v k¿P≥ (F≥.-kn.-F-˛-H.-FIvkv)sl¬Øv-˛-kw-ÿm\Xew

434/2015 199/2010 22˛09˛2015 Akn-Ã‚ v F≥Pn-\o-b¿ (kn-hn¬) sI.-Sn.-Un.-kn.enan-‰Uv ˛ kwÿm-\-Xew

435/2015 412/2011 22˛09˛2015 sF.-kn.-Un.-Fkv kq∏¿ssh-k¿˛tkm-j-y¬sh¬^-b¿ hIp-∏v- ˛-kwÿm\Xew

436/2015 440/2012 22˛09˛2015 Fkv.-F-kv.F (X-an-gv) hnZ-ym-`ymkw˛ CSp°n437/2015 366/2011 22˛09˛2015 So‰vsa‚ v Hm¿K-ss\-k¿ tKUv 2

˛ sl¬Øv k¿∆o-k-kv-˛-I-Æq¿438/2015 19/2012 22˛09˛2015 Pq\n-b¿ sl¬Øv C≥kvs]-IvS¿ tKUv 2

(]-tX-bI \nb-\w Fkv.kn/ Fkv.-Sn) sl¬Øvk¿∆o-kkv

439/2015 198/2013 22˛09˛2015 ^m¿a-knÃv tKUv 2 (tlm-an-tbm) (F≥.-kn.-F-˛-Cu-g-h) tlman-tbm-∏Xn Imk¿tKmUv

450/2015 213/2014 22˛09˛2015 ^pƒ ssSw Pq\n-b¿ emwtK-zPv So®¿(A-d-_n-Iv) F¬.-]n.-F-kv. IÆq¿

441/2015 616/2012 23˛09˛2015 ^m¿a-knÃv tKUv 2 (Bbp¿thZ) (F≥.-kn.-F-˛Fkv.-kn.) sF.-F-kv.Fw/sF.-Fw.-Fkv/Bbp¿th-Z˛ tIm´bw

442/2015 357/2012 &358/2012 23˛09˛2015 sU]-yqń P\-d¬ amt\-P¿-˛-Un-kvSnIvSv

tIm˛Hm-∏td-‰ohv _m¶v-˛-Im-k-d-tKmUv443/2015 721/2012 23˛09˛2015 ]yq¨/hm®vam≥ (]m¿ v 1 H∂mw F≥.-kn.-F.- -[o-h-c)

-Un-kvSnIvSv tIm˛Hm-∏-td‰ohv _m¶v-˛-Xr»q¿444/2015 330/2013 28˛09˛2015 ssUh¿ tKUv 2 F®v.-Un.hn (F≥.-kn.-F-˛

-hn-i-z-I¿Ω) FIvkvk¿∆o-kv-˛-F≥.kn.kn/ssk\nIv sh¬^-b¿- ˛-tIm-gnt°mSv

445/2015 501/2011 28˛09˛2015 Akn-Ã‚ v assd≥ k¿s∆-b¿ (kn-hn¬) (]-tX-yI\nb-a-\w˛Fkv.kn/ Fkv.Sn) ssltUmKm^nIvk¿t∆ (ssl-tUm-Km-^nIv k¿t∆ _m©v)kwÿm\Xew

446/2015 496/2011 28˛09˛2015 Akn-Ã‚ v F©n-\o-b¿ (kn-hn¬) (]-tX-yI \nb-a\w Fkv.kn/Fkv.-Sn)lm¿_¿ F©n-\o-b-dnwKvhIp∏v

447/2015 33/2014 28˛09˛2015 saUn-°¬ Hmô-k¿ hnj (F≥.- kn.-F.-˛-F¬.-kn./F.-sF) C¥-y≥ knÃw Hm^v saUn-kn≥

448/2015 34/2014 08˛09˛2015 saUn-°¬ Hmô-k¿ hnj (F≥.- kn.-F.-˛-ap…ow)C¥-y≥ knÃw Hm^v saUnkn≥˛kw-ÿm\Xew

449/2015 490/2011 29˛09˛2015 Pq\n-b¿ Akn-Ã‚ v/Akn-Ã‚ v tKUv 2/F¬.-Un.kn apX-em-bh˛sI.-F-kv.B¿.-Sn.kn/sI.-F-kv.-F¬..-F-kv.-Un._n apXm-e-bh (hnhn[ I-º\n/t_m¿Uv/tIm¿∏-td-j≥) kwÿm\ Xew

450/2015 88/2009 29˛09˛2015 sabn¬ hm¿U≥ ˛F≥.-kn.-F.- -F¬.-kn, hni-z-I¿Ω,F≥.-kn.F˛ Fkv.F.-bp.-kn./F.sF Pn√m-Xew

451/2015 12/2013 30˛09˛2015 ô¬Uv h¿°¿, (]-tX-yI \nba\w Fkv.-Sn)sl¬Øv k¿∆o-kv-˛ Xr-»q¿

452/2015 12/2013 30˛09˛2015 ô¬Uv h¿°¿, (]-tX-yI \nba\w Fkv.-Sn)sl¬Øv k¿∆o-kv- ˛tImgnt°mSv

453/2015 221/2014 30˛09˛2015 eIvN-d¿ C≥ ^nknIvkv (F≥.-kn.F- ˛-F-kv.-Sn)tImtfPv hnZ-ym-`-ym-kw ˛-kwÿm-\-Xew

454/2015 213/2014 03˛10˛2015 ^pƒ ssSw Pq\n-b¿ emwtK-zPv So®¿ (A-d-_n-Iv)F¬.-]n.-F-kv. ss_Sm≥kv^¿ ˛hnZ-ym-`-ymk hIp-∏v-˛-Im-k-d-tKmUv

455/2015 174/2012 05˛10˛2015 F¬.-Un.-ssS-∏nÃv (F≥.-kn.-F-˛-Un- ^-d‚enG_nƒUv-˛-tem-t°m-tam t´m¿ Unk-_n-en-‰n, skdn-_¬ ]mƒkn) hnhn[ hIp-∏p-Iƒ

456/2015 175/2012 05˛10˛2015 F¬.-Un.-ssS-∏nÃv (F≥.-kn.-F-˛-Un-^-d‚enG_nƒUv-˛-lnb-dnwKv C]-b¿sa‚ v)hnhn[ hIp-∏p-Iƒ

457/2015 383/2014 05˛10˛2015 Akn-Ã‚ v F©n-\o-b¿ (kn-hn¬) (]-tX-yI \nb-a\w Un.-F) ]n.-U-ª-yp.Un˛kw-ÿm-\-Xew

458/2015 228/2012 05˛10˛2015 saUn-°¬ Hmô-k¿ (tlm-an-tbm) (3% ]n.-F-®v._m°vtam-Kv) tlman-tbm-∏Xn hIp∏v˛kw-ÿm-\-Xew

460/2015 160/2012 05˛10˛2015 F¬.-]n. kvIqƒ Akn-Ã‚ v (a-e-bm-fw) (F≥.-kn.F.Fkv.-kn) hnZ-ym- -ymk hIp∏v Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw

461/2015 161/2012 05˛10˛2015 F¬.-]n. kvIqƒ Akn-Ã‚ v (a-e-bm-fw) (F≥.-kn.FFkv.Sn) hnZ-ym- -ymk hIp∏v Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw

462/2015 66/12011 05˛10˛2015 So‰vsa‚ v Hm¿K-ss\-k¿ tKUv 2sl¬Øv k¿∆okv˛Xr»q¿

463/2015 69/2011 05˛10˛2015 kvIn¬Uv Akn-Ã‚ v tKUv 2 ˛ Ce-IvSn-°¬C≥kvs]-IvS-td‰v hb-\mSv

464/2015 102/2012 06˛10˛2015 Ãm^v \gvkv tKUv 2 (F≥.-kn.-F- ˛-[o-h-c)F®v.-F-kv.-Un.hb-\mSv

465/2015 407/2014 06˛10˛2015 Akn-Ã‚ v s]m -k¿/eIvN-d¿ C≥ ^nkn-tbm-fPn(]-tX-yI \nba\w Un.-F.) kwÿm\Xew.

25˛08˛2015 ap-X¬- ]kn-≤s∏Sp-Øn-b dm-¶v- en-kv-‰p-Iƒ-

Ia Im‰-Kdn AwKo-I-cn® XkvXn-I-bpsS t]cv\º¿ \º¿ XobXn

2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 9

Instant Notes

C¥y-bpsS l¬hm \Kcw* kvam¿´v kn‰n ZuXyw ]Jym-]n®v Hcp

amk-Øn-\p-≈n¬Øs∂ kvam¿´v \K-c-ambn \ma-\n¿t±iw sN-ø-s∏-´ \K-c-amWv ]pXp-t®cn (2015).

* \msfbpsS \mSv F∂dnbs∏Sp∂Xv_koemWv.

* Hcp tZiob Xncs™Sp∏neqsS (na-tional election) cmjvS-ta-[m-hn-bmb

temI-N-cn-X-Ønse BZy h\n-X-bmWvsFkve≥Un¬ 1980 apX¬ 1996 hsc]kn-U‚ v ÿm\w hln® VigdisFinnbogadottir.

* sFkve≥Unse BZy h\nXm ][m-\-a-¥n-bmb Johanna SiguroardottirtemI-N-cn-X-Ønse BZysØ openlylesbian head of government BWv.

* temI-Ønse G‰hpw- h-en-b- ssP-h-ssh-hn-[y- I-e-h-d- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- B-a-tkm-¨- a-g-°m-Sp-I-fp-sS- `q-cn-`m-K-hpw-_-ko-en-em-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬- B-Zy-am-bn- `q-Zm-\- ]-ÿm-\-Øn-\v- hn-t\m-_m- `m-sh- Xp-S-°w- Ip-dn-®- ÿ-e-am-b- t]m-®w-]-≈n- (1951)- C-t∏mƒ- sX-e-¶m-\-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -\m-j-W¬- sX¿-a¬- ]-h¿- tIm¿-∏-td-j-s‚- B-ÿm-\w- \yq-U¬-ln-bm-Wv.-

*- -io-\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp- F-∂- io¿-j-I-tØm-sS- Kp-cp-hn-s‚ hy-Xy-kv-X- Po-h-N-cn-Xßƒ-- c-Nn-®-h-cm-Wv- aq¿-t°m-Øv- Ip-™-∏,- tUm.-F-≥.-hn.-]n.-D-Æn-Xn-cn,- \n-Xy-ssN-X-\y-b-Xn,-tUm.-sI.-io-\n-hm-k-≥ F-∂n-h¿.-

*- -2012˛¬- 85˛mw- h-b- n¬- ap-Jy-a-¥n-bm-bn- A-[n-Im-c-ta-‰- ]-Im-ivkn-Mv- _m-Z-em-Wv- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sn-b- ]m-b-Øn¬- H-cp-C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\-Øv- ap-Jy-a-¥n-bm-b-Xv.- 86˛mw- h-b- n¬- 2000˛¬- ]-›n-a- _w-Kmƒ- ap-Jy-a-¥n-ÿm-\w- H-gn-™- tPym-Xn- _-kp-hn-s‚- sd-t°m¿-Uv- C-t±-lw- a-dn-I-S-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-

*- -tI-c-fw,- X-an-gv-\m-Sv,- I¿-Wm-S-Iw- F-∂n-h-bp-sS- kw-K-a-ÿm-\-Øp-≈- a-e-\n-c-I-fm-Wv- \o-e-Kn-cn.-

*- -th-≠-X- ku-I-cy-ß-fp-≈-Xp-sIm-≠pw-X-¥-]-[m-\-am-b- co-Xn-bn¬- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠pw- C-¥y-bp-sS- c-≠mw- X-e-ÿm-\-am-bn- tUm.-Aw-t_-Zv-I¿- 1955˛¬-\n¿-t±-in-®- \-K-c-am-Wv- ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zv.-

*- -th-º-\m-Sv- Im-b¬- Ip-´-\m-Sv- m-K-Øv- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- t]-cm-Wv- ]p-∂-a-S-°m-b¬.-sIm-®n-`m-K-Øv- C-Xv- sIm-®n-°m-b¬- F-∂p-a-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- A-ayq-kv-sa-‚ v-]m¿-°m-Wv- \yq-U¬-ln-bn-se- A-∏p-L¿.- 1984 \-hw-_¿- 19˛-\v- A-∂-sØ- ]-[m-\-a-¥n- cm-Po-hv- Km-‘n- D-Zv-Lm-S-\w-sN-bv-X- ]m¿-°v- 200 s^-_p-h-cn- 17\v-A-S-®p.- 1982˛-se- G-jy-≥ sK-bnw-kn-s‚-`m-Ky-Nn-”-am-bn-cp-∂- A-∏p- F-∂- B-\-°p-ń-bp-sS- t]-cm-Wv- ]m¿-°n-\p- \¬-In-b-Xv.-

*- sj-Uypƒ-Uv- G-cn-b-I-sf-°p-dn-®pw- ssS-_¬- G-cn-b-I-sf-°p-dn-®pw- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xv- `-c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS- A-©m-a-sØ-sj-Uyp-fn-em-Wv.-

*- -\m-j-W¬- ssl-tUm- C-e-Iv-Sn-Iv- ]-h¿-tIm¿-∏-td-j-≥ C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- P-e-ssh-Zyp-X- ]-≤-Xn- \n¿-an-°m-≥D-t±-in-°p-∂-Xv- A-cp-Wm-N¬- ]-tZ-in-se-kn-bm-Mv- \-Zn-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -ssl-t°m-S-Xn- P-Uv-Pn-am-cp-sS- hn-c-an-°¬-]m-bw- 60˛¬- \n-∂v- 62 B-bn- D-b¿-Øn-b-Xv- 15˛m-a-sØ- `-c-W-L-S-\m- t`-Z-K-Xn-bn-eq-sS-bm-Wv-

*- -Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬- th-ep-Ø-ºn- Z-f-h-bv-°v- ti-jw- A-[n-Im-c-ta-‰- D-Ωn-Wn-Ø-ºn-bm-Wv- Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øv- tIm-´-bv-°-I-Øv- B-Zy-sØ- P-bn¬- ÿm-]n-®-Xv.- C-t∏mƒ- A-hn-sS- ]p-cm-tc-Jm- Hm-ô-kv- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p.-

*- -Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- \o-fw- Iq-Sn-b- sd-bn¬-th- πm-‰v-t^mw- sIm-√-Øm-Wv.-

*- -sIm-√w-˛-sN-t¶m-´- sd-bn¬-∏m-X-bn-eq-sS-B-Zy-am-bn- N-c-°p-h-≠n- Hm-Sn-b-Xv- 1902˛-epw- bm-Xm-Øo-h-≠n- Hm-Sn-b-Xv- 1904 -epw-B-bn-cp-∂p.- 1918˛-em-Wv- ]m-X- Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øv- Nm-°-bn-te-°v- \o-ń-b-Xv.- ]n-∂o-Sv- Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øv- X-ºm-\q¿-°pw-\o-ń-(1931).-

*- ti-jv-T-`m-jm- ]-Z-hn- e-`n-®- B-dm-a-sØ-`m-j-bm-Wv- H-Un-b.-

*- -H-tc- enw-K-]-Z-hn-bp-≈-h¿- X-Ωn¬- hn-hm-lw- I-gn-°p-∂-Xp- kw-_-‘n-®v- tem-I-Øm-Zy-am-bn- ln-X-]-cn-tim-[-\- \-S-Øn-b-cm-Py-am-Wv- A-b¿-e-≥Uv.-

*- -Z-sØ-Sp-°p-∂-Xp- kw-_-‘n-®- C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- \n-b-a-am-b- ln-µp- A-tUm-]v-j-≥ B-≥Uv- sa-bn-‚-\-≥kv- B-Iv-Sv- \n-e-hn¬- h-∂- h¿-j-am-Wv- 1956.-

*- -Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿- N-cn-X-Øn-se- B-Zy- h-\n-Xm- `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-Wv- ]-Xn-t\-gmw-\q-‰m-≠n¬- do-P-‚m-bn- -c-Ww- \-S-Øn-bn-cp-∂- D-a-b-Ω- dm-Wn.- In-co-Sm-h-Im-in-bm-bn-cp-∂- c-hn-h¿-a-bv-°v- ]m-b-]q¿-Øn-bm-Ip-∂-Xp-h-sc- 1677 ap-X¬- 1684 h-sc- F-´p-h¿-jw- A-h¿- `-c-Ww- \-S-Øn.- h-S-°-≥ tIm- -b-Øp-\n-∂v- Xo¿-Ym-S-\-Øn-\v- ]p-d-s∏-´- tI-c-f- h¿-a- F-∂- cm-P-Ip-am-c-s‚-k-lm-b-tØm-sS- i-Xp-°-sf- ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- A-h¿- -c-W-Øn-s‚- A-[n-I-Im-e-hpw- s\-Sp-a-ßm-´m-Wv- I-gn-®p-Iq-ń-b-Xv.-

*- -j-h¿-a- F-∂- B-lm-c-Øn-s‚- D-Zv-`-hw-Xp¿-°n-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -en-ss·-‰v- sIm-≠v- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂- C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- Xm-]- ssh-Zyp-Xn-\n-e-b-am-Wv- s\-bv-th-en- (1962).- C-Xn-s‚-\n¿-am-W-Øn¬- k-l-I-cn-®- cm-Pyw- tkm-hn-b-‰v- bq-Wn-b-\m-Wv.-

*- -Xr-»q-cn¬- 1929˛¬- ÿm-]n-X-am-b- ku-Øv- C-¥y-≥ _m-¶v- B-Wv- kz-Im-cy-ta-J-e-bn¬- tI-c-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- sj-

Uyqƒ-Uv- _m-¶v.-*- -C-¥y-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- D-b-c-Øn¬- ÿn-Xn-

sN-øp-∂- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-am-Wv- kn-°n-an-se- Im-©-≥PwK (Kanchendezonga)tZio-tbm-Zym-\w- (1829 ap-X¬- 8585 ao-‰¿- h-sc-).-

*- -A-©p-h¿-j-Øn-sem-cn-°¬- t\-∏m-fn-se-_-cn-bm-]q-cn-em-Wv- I-∂p-Im-en- _-en-°v-]-kn-≤-am-b- Gadhimai festival - \-S-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- -_-kn¬,- s]-dp,- sIm-fw-_n-b,-sh-\-kz-e,- C-Iz-tUm¿,- s_m-fn-hn-b,-K-bm-\,-kp-cn-\mw,- ^-©v- K-bm-\- F-∂o- H-º-Xp- cm-Py-ß-fn-em-bn-´m-Wv- B-a-tkm-¨- a-g-°m-Sp-Iƒ- hym-]n-®p-In-S-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- sX-t°-b-‰-am-b- C-µn-cm- t]m-bn-‚ v- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂-Xv- e-£v-an- \-K¿-hn-t√-Pn-em-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- sX-t°-b-‰-Øp-≈- a-e-\n-c-I-fm-Wv- Im¿-U-aw- ln¬-kv.-

*- -an-\n- apw-ss_- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- C-≥tUm-dm-Wv.-

*- -cm-jv-S-]-Xn- \n-e-bw- ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zn-em-Wv.- ss\-km-an-s‚- sIm-´m-c-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv- cm-jv-S-]-Xn- \n-e-b-am-b-Xv.- cm-jv-S-]-Xn- h¿-j-Øn-sem-cn-°¬- ssi-Xy-Im-e-Øv- C-hn-sS- Xm-a-kn-®v- Z-£n-tW-¥y-bp-am-bn- _-‘-s∏- - Hu-tZym-Kn-I- I¿-Ø-hy-ß-fn¬- G¿-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v.-

*- -Km-a-ß-fn¬- 24 a-Wn-°q-dpw- ssh-Zyp-Xn-e- y-am-°p-∂-Xn-s‚- m-K-am-bn- tI-µ- k¿-°m¿- B-hn-jv-I-cn-®- ]-≤-Xn-bm-b- Zo-≥Z-bm¬- D-]m-[ym-b- Kmw- tPym-Xn- tbm-P-\- 2015 Pq-sse- 25˛-\v- ]-[m-\-a-¥n- \-tc-µ- tam-Zn- D-Zv-Lm-S-\w- sN-bv-Xp.- ]-≤-Xn- e-£y-an-Sp-∂- ]-[m-\- ]-cn-jv-Im-c-ßƒ-˛-Km-a-ßƒ- ap-gp-h-≥ ssh-Zyp-Xo-I-cn-°p-I,-Ir-jn-°m-cp-sS- `-h-\-ßƒ-°v- ]-tXy-I- ssh-Zyp-Xn- \¬-Ip-I.-A-h¿-°v- ssh-Zyp-Xn- e-`y-X- D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-I,- hn-X-c-W- ao-‰-dn-eq-sS-bp-≈- ]-k-c-W- \-jv-Sw- H-gn-hm-°p-I.-

*- -tdm-°v- t^m¿-´v- kn-‰n- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Xn-cp-®n-d-∏-≈n-bm-Wv.-

*- -N-µ-]p-c- sX¿-a¬- ]-h¿- tÃ-j-≥ Pm¿-J-Wv-Un-se- s_m-°m-tdm- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- Xm-]- ssh-

Zyp-X- \n-e-b-am-b- hn-‘ym-N¬- kq-∏¿-sX¿-a¬- ]-h¿- tÃ-j-≥ a-[y-]-tZ-in-se-kn-Mv-tdm-fn- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv- (4760 sa-Km-hm-´v-).-

*- -P-b-≥ F-∂- t]-cn¬- a-e-bm-f- kn-\n-a-bn¬- ]-i-kv-X-\m-b- \-S-s‚- b-Ym¿-Y- t]-cv- Ir-jv-W-≥ \m-b¿- F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p.- tIm-fn-f-°w- F-∂- kn-\n-a-bp-sS- jq-ń-Mn-\n-S-bn¬- sl-en-tIm-]v-‰¿- A-]-I-S-Øn¬- a-cn-®- (1980)- P-b-≥ A-`n-\-bn-®- B-Zy- Nn-

Xw- im-]-tam-£w- B-bn-cp-∂p-(1974).-*- -C-¥y-bn¬- kw-ÿm-\- X-e-ÿm-\-sØ-

sd-bn¬-th- tÃ-j-\p-I-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- D-b-c-Øn-ep-≈-Xv- jnw-e-bm-Wv.-

*- -\q-dp- i-X-am-\w- ssP-h-Ir-jn- \-S-Øp-∂-tem-I-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- cm-jv-S-am-bn- q-´m-s\- ]-Jym-]n-®-Xv- 2013˛-em-Wv.-

*- -G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- hn-tZ-i- im-J-I-fp-≈-C-¥y-≥ _m-¶m-Wv- _m-¶v- Hm-^v- _-tdm-U.-

*- -_-Iv-km¿- bp-≤w- \-S-∂- k-a-b-Øv- _w-Kmƒ- K-h¿-W-dm-bn-cp-∂p- sl-≥dn- hm-≥kn-‰m¿-´v.-

*- -_-Iv-km¿- bp-≤w- A-h-km-\n-®-Xv- A-e-l-_m-Zv- D-S-º-Sn-bn-eq-sS-bm-Wv- (1765).-

*- -sX-t°- C-¥y-bp-sS- Hm-Iv-kv-t^m¿-Uv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Xn-cp-s\¬-th-en-bm-Wv.-

*- -D¬-°m-]-X-\-Øn-s‚- ^-e-am-bn- cq-]w-

sIm-≠-sX-∂p- I-cp-X-s∏-Sp-∂- X-Sm-I-am-Wv- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn-se- _p¬-[m-≥ Pn-√-bn-se- tem-Wm¿- tI-‰¿- X-Sm-Iw.-

*- -`n-∂-ti-jn-bp-≈-h¿-°m-bn- sF.-Sn.-]m¿-°v- ÿm-]n-®- B-Zy- kw-ÿm-\-am-Wv- sX-e-¶m-\.-

*- -Im-e-Øn-s‚- km-£n,- I-cn-©-¥,-hn-i-°m-Ø- ssZ-h-hpw- hn-i-°p-∂- a-\p-jy-\pw,- F-s‚- a-Æv- F-∂o- Ir-Xn-Iƒ- c-Nn-®-Xv- hn.-Sn.- `-´-Xn-cn-∏m-Sm-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- ]-©-\-£-X-tlm-´-em-Wv- \yq-U¬-ln-bn-se- A-tim-I- tlm-´¬.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- I-¨-sh-≥j-≥sk-‚-dm-Wv- \yq-U¬-ln-bn-se- hn-⁄m-≥ `-h-≥.-

*- -tKm-c-Jv-]q¿- A-t‰m-an-I- ]-h¿- tÃ-j-≥l-cn-bm-\-bn-se- -tØ-lm-_m-Zv- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- sS-en-tImw-Hm-∏-td-‰-dm-Wv- `m-c-Xn- F-b¿-sS¬.-

*- -D-Ø¿- ]-tZ-in-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- km-ln-Xy- _-lp-a-Xn-b-mWv Bharat Bhartiliterary award.

* C¥ybnse- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- P-e-ssh-Zy-X- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wv- sX-lv-cn- t]m-P-Iv-Sv- (2400sa-Km-hm-´v-).-

*- -c-≠mw- tem-I-a-lm-bp-≤-Øn-\p- ]n-∂m-se-F.-sI.-˛-47 F-∂- tXm-°v- cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- d-jy-≥ an-en-´-dn- F-≥Pn-\o-b-dm-Wv-an-Jm-tb¬- I-em-jv-\n-t°m-hv.-

*- -a-[y-]-tZ-in-s‚- I-hm-Sw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Kzm-fn-tbm¿.-

*- -l- -≥ Kw-Kp-hm-Wv- _m-lv-a-\n- hw-iw-ÿm-]n-®-Xv.-

*- -A-a-cm-h-Xn- sX¿-a¬- ]-h¿- πm-‚ v- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn-se- A-a-cm-h-Xn- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- l¬-hm- \-K-cw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Xn-cp-s\¬-th-en-bm-Wv.-

10 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15

1. Prajitha is not ____ for this kind of job.

(a) cut in (b) cut up

(c) cut through (d) cut out

2. The peon ___ (ring) the bell when the

time is over (Use the correct form of verb

given in bracket):

(a) will ring (b) rang

(c) is ringing (d) rings

3. Choose the one which best expresses

the meaning of ‘DEFT’:

(a) Vigorous (b) Swift

(c) Skillful (d) Deceitful

4. I’m well, thank you. And _____ are you?

(a) how (b) what

(c) who (d) when

5. The wrongly spelt word is:

(a) Exhibition (b) Experimental

(c) Elemental (d) Exhorbitant

6. Belonging or pertaining to an individual

from birth:

(a) Legitimate (b) Genetic

(c) Congenital (d) Native

7. How much does ____ have to pay?

(a) she (b) her

(c) hers (d) herself

8. Mini can ____ English very well.

(a) speak (b) to speak

(c) speaking (d) speaks

9. The government has introduced a

project to help _____, especially the

weavers and ivory makers, find a

market for their products.

(a) artisans (b) partisans

(c) artists (d) technicians

10. Yesterday they ____ very well in their

class.

(a) do (b) will be

(c) does (d) did

11. Oh God! Keep me ____ sin.

(a) of (b) off

(c) at (d) on

12. My uncle, ____ I loved, is dead.

(a) whom (b) who

(c) that (d) what

13. A place where medicines are dispensed

especially to the poor, gratis:

(a) Brewery (b) Kiln

(c) Dispensary (d) Aviary

14. The public are cautioned ___ pickpockets.

(a) against (b) from

(c) at (d) in

15. The actor _____ from the crowd because

of his curly hair.

(a) stood up (b) stood away

(c) stood on (d) stood out

16. He bled so profusely _____ he died.

(a) lest (b) or

(c) yet (d) that

17. He hanged himself _____ a piece of cloth.

(a) with (b) at

(c) in (d) on

18. The walls are covered in ______ stripes

of red and blue.

(a) alternative (b) alternate

(c) altitude (d) None of these

19. Find out the relevant single term which

means “the philosophy of pleasure’:

(a) Egoism (b) Nihilism

(c) Optimism (d) Epicureanism

20. In ____ words Raju expressed his gratitude.

(a) a few (b) the few

(c) few (d) None of these

21. A simple advice to heart patients is : “Get

medical check up _____”.

(a) constantly (b) occasionally

(c) regularly (d) compulsorily

22. A narrow pathway over the stage of a

theatre, along a bridge, etc.

(a) Podium (b) Catwalk

(c) Downtime (d) Pedestal

23. The noun form of ‘investigate’:

(a) Investment (b) Instigation

(c) Invest (d) Investigation

24. Pick the word with the correct spelling:

(a) Convener (b) Convenir

(c) Convenor (d) Conwenor

25. Complete the proverb: Rome wasn’t built

in ___.

(a) an year (b) a month

(c) a week (d) a day

Answers

1 (d) 2(a) 3 (c) 4 (a) 5(d- Exorbitant) 6(c) 7(a)

8(a) 9(a) 10(d) 11(b) 12(a)13(c) 14(a) 15(d)

16(d) 17(a) 18(b) 19(d) 20(a) 21(c) 22(b) 23(d)

24(c) 25(d)

Selected Questions

Maiden The first speech made by a person

Mammals Animals which give milk

Manuscript Handwritten book

Martyr A person who died for the sake of his country.

Masochism The tendency to derive sexual gratification from one’s own pain or

humiliation

Materialistic One for whom money is the most important thing

Matinee A cinema show which is held in the afternoon

Matins Morning prayer in Church

Matricide Killing of one’s own mother; killer of one’s own mother

Matrimony State of being married.

Maxim An establish principle

Meadow A low level tract of uncultivated grassland

Medieval Belonging to the Middle Ages

Meditation Continuous and profound contemplation on spiritual matters

Melodrama An extravagant comedy in which action is more salient

than characterization

Mercenary One who can do anything for money

Mesomorph A person whose build is powerful, Compact and muscular.

Meticulous Very particular even about small details

Migratory That move from one place to another.

Misanthrope One who hates mankind

Misanthropist Hater of mankind

Misogamist A person who does not believe in the institution of marriage

Misogynist A person who hates women

Mobocracy Rule by the mob

Monarchy A Government by a king or queen

Monogamy Practice of having one wife or husband

Mortal Subject to death.

Muse Goddess of learning and arts.

Myth Purely fictitious narrative usually involving supernatural being etc.

Namesake Somebody or something with the same name as somebody or something else

Narcotic Medicine which induces sleep.

Native One whose parents are domiciled.

Naughty A badly behaved child.

Neologism New word coined by an author.

Neophyte One who is a newcomer

Notary Person publically authorized to draw up or attest contracts etc

Notorious A person with an evil reputation

Novice One who is new to a trade or profession

Numismatics Science of coins or medals

Nutritive Article of food rich in nutrition.

Oasis Fertile spot in desert.

Obesity Having lot of fat in one’s body.

Obituary A notice of death in a newspaper.

Obsolete A thing no longer in use

Oceanography Study of ocean

Odontology Study of Teeth

Oligarchy A Government by the few

Omnipotent All-powerful; possessing complete power and authority

Omnipresent One who is present everywhere

Omniscient A person who knows everything

Omnivorous An animal or a human being that eats any kind of food

Opaque That through which light cannot pass

Ophthalmology Study of Eye

Optic Science of sight and light.

Optics Study of light

Optimist One who looks at the bright side of things; somebody positive

Orator One who makes an eloquent public speech.

Ordnance A factory where military materials are produced.

Oriental A person of Asian, especially East Asian, descent.

Ornithology A study of birds

Orography Study of mountain

Orphan A person without father and mother.

Orphanage A place where orphans live

Orthodox One who believes in traditional values

Orthography Study of correct spelling of words

Ostracize To expel from society

Ostrich A large bird reputed to bury its head in sand when pursued.

Outcast Cast out as useless.

General EnglishOne Word Substitutions

2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 11

* ]Xn-aq-∂v- `-c-W-L-S-I-ß-fn-eq-sS- I-S-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂- \-h-bp-Kv- F-Iv-kv-]-km-Wv-G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-eq-sS-I-S-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂- Xo-h-≠n.- P-Ωp- Xm-hn-bv-°pw- amw-•q¿- sk-≥S-en-\p-an-S-bn¬- 68a-Wn-°q¿-sIm-≠v- 3607 In-tem-ao-‰¿- ]n-∂n-Sp-∂- Cu- sS-bn-≥ P-Ωp- I-iv-ao¿,- ]-©m-_v,- l-cn-bm-\,- sU¬-ln,- D-Ø¿- ]-tZ-iv,- a-[y-]-tZ-iv,- cm-P-ÿm-≥,- a-lm-cm-jv-S,- sX-e-¶m-\,- B-‘-]-tZ-iv,- X-an-gv-\m-Sv,- tI-c-fw,- I¿-Wm-S-Iw- F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv- e-£y-Øn-se-Øp-∂-Xv.- hn-th-Iv- F-Iv-kv-]-kpw- ln-a-km-K¿- F-Iv-kv-]-kpw- I-gn-™m¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬-Zq-cw- k-©-cn-°p-∂- Xo-h-≠n-bm-Wn-Xv.-

*- -H-cp- kw-ÿm-\-Øn-\p-≈n¬-am-Xw- Hm-Sp-

∂- sS-bn-\p-I-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Zq-cw- k-©-cn-°p-∂- sS-bn-≥ a-lm-cm-jv-S-F-Iv-kv-]-km-Wv- (1346 In.-ao.-).-

*- C-¥y-≥ `-c-W-L-S-\-bn-se- au-en-I- Np-a-X-e-I-fp-sS- F-Æw- ]-Xn-s\m-∂v- B-b-h¿-j-am-Wv- 2002.-

*- -tem-Im-h-km-\- \n-e-h-d- \n¿-an-°m-≥ ap-≥ssI-sb-Sp-Ø- cm-Py-am-Wv- t\¿-th.- q-an-bn-se- hn-Øp-I-sf-√mw- h¿-j-ß-tfm-fw- tI-Sp-h-cm-sX- kq-£n-°-em-Wv- tem-Im-h-km-\- \n-e-h-d-bp-sS- e-£yw.- h-≥Zp-c-¥-Øn-eq-sS- q-an- X-I¿-∂m-epw- h-cp-∂-X-e-ap-d-bv-°v- ho-≠pw- Ir-jn- Xp-S-ßm-\p-≈- hn-Øp-am-bn-´m-Wv- \n-e-h-h-d- \n¿-an-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- t\m¿-th-bp-sS- sa-bn-≥em-≥Un¬-\n-∂v- G-I-tZ-iw- 1000 In.-ao.-h-S-°p-≈- H-cp- H-gn-™- ÿ-e-am-b- kzm¬-_m¿-Uv- F-∂- ÿ-e-Øm-Wv- \n-e-h-d-ÿm-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- t•m-_¬- tIm-∏v-ssU-th-gv-kn-‰n- S-Ãm-Wv- hn-Øv- \n-e-h-d-bp-sS- Im-cy-ßƒ- t\m-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- -A-ta-cn-°-≥ ]-kn-U-≥dn-s‚- A-km-∂n-[y-Øn¬- ]-Z-hn- h-ln-t°-≠-h-cp-sS- I-aw- C-]-Im-c-am-Wv-˛-ssh-kv- ]-kn-U-‚ v,-]-Xn-\n-[n-k-`-bp-sS- kv-]o-°¿,- sk-\-‰n-s‚- ]-kn-U-‚ v,- sk-I-´-dn- Hm-^v- tÃ-‰v-(hn-tZ-i-Im-cy- sk-I- -dn-),- sk-I- -dn- Hm-^v- S-j-dn,- sk-I-´-dn- Hm-^v- Un-^-≥kv,-A-t‰m¿-Wn- P-\-d¬-/-sk-I-´-dn- Hm-^v- C-≥do-cn-b¿.- A-ta-cn-°-bn¬- tZ-io-b- X-e-Øn-ep-≈- \m-ev- D-∂-X- ]-Z-hn-Iƒ- ]-kn-U-‚ v,- ssh-kv- ]-kn-U-‚ v,- ]-Xn-\n-[n-k-`-bp-sS- kv-]o-°¿,- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn- No-^v- P-Ãn-kv- F-∂n-h-bm-Wv.- C-Xn-\v- ]-kn-U-≥jy¬- sse-≥ Hm-^v- k-Iv-k-j-\p-am-bn- _-‘-sam-∂p-an-√.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- ssk-_¿- I-t -1996˛¬- B-cw-`n-®-Xv- apw-ss_-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-≥ bq-Wn-b-\v- H-cp- ]m¿-e-sa-‚ v- D-

Fact Finder

≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww- F-∂v- hy-h-ÿ- sN-øp-∂-Xv- 79˛mw- -c-W-L-S-\m- A-\p-t—-Z-Øn-em-Wv.-

*- -sX-t°- C-¥y-bp-sS- Xp-I¬- \-K-cw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- hm-Wn-b-ºm-Sn.-

*- -a-e-bm-fn-I-fm¬- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏- - B-Zy-sØ- a-e-bm-f- ]-X-am-Wv- ⁄m-\-\n-t£-]w- (1848).- B¿-®v- Uo-°-≥ tIm-in-bpw- d-h-d-‚ v- tPm¿-Pv- am-Ø-\p-am-Wv- C-Xn-\v- ]n-∂n¬- ]-h¿-Øn-®-Xv.-

*- -]-i-kv-X- Km-bn-I- e-Xm- a-t¶-jv-I¿- P-\n-®- ÿ-ew- C-≥tUm-dm-Wv.- A-h-cp-sS-B-Zy-sØ- t]-cv- tl-a- F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -tIym-t´m- t]m-t´m-t°mƒ- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°m-Ø- G-I- hy-h-km-b-h-Xv-Ir-X- cm-jv-S-am-Wv- A-ta-cn-°.-

*- -I¿-j-I¿-°v- tkm-bn¬- sl¬-Øv- Im¿-Uv- \¬-In-b- B-Zy- C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\w-]-©m-_m-Wv.-

*- -th-º-\m-Sv- Im-b¬- A-Xn-cp- ]-¶n-Sp-∂- Pn-√-I-fm-Wv- B-e-∏p-g,- tIm-´-bw,- F-d-Wm-Ip-fw- F-∂n-h.-

*- -sN-b¿-am-\pw- c-≠w-K-ß-fp-am-Wv- tI-c-f-kw-ÿm-\- a-\p-jym-h-Im-i- I-Ωn-j-\n-ep-≈-Xv.-

*- - m-Iv-kn-an-en- kw-hn-[m-\w- G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- B-Zy-sØ- a-e-bm-f- ]-X-am-Wv- a-e-bm-f- a-t\m-c-a.-

*- -hn-izm-k-]-ta-bw- ]-cm-P-b-s∏- -Xn-s\-Øp-S¿-∂v- ÿm-\-sam-gn-™- C-¥y-≥ ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bm-Wv- hn.-]n.-kn-Mv.-

*- -cm-P-ÿm-\n-se- ^-tØ-km-K¿- X-Sm-I-Øn-em-Wv- D-Z-bv-]q¿- tkm-fm¿- H-_v-k¿-th-‰-dn.-

*- -G-‰-hpw- P-\-km-µ-X- Iq-Sn-b- B-^n-°-≥ cm-jv-S-am-Wv- au-do-jy-kv.-

*- -]m-h-s∏-´-h¿-°v- ku-P-\y- \n-b-a- k-lm-bw- hy-h-ÿ- sN-øp-∂- -c-W-L-S-\m- A-\p-t—-Z-am-Wv- 39 F.-

*- -\yq-U¬-ln- -lu-d- cm-P-[m-\n- F-Iv-kv-]-km-Wv- B-Zy-sØ- A-Xn-th-K- sS-bn-≥.-

*- -hn-im-J-]- -W-sØ- A-∂-]q¿-W- ap-\n-kn-∏¬- tIm¿-∏-td-j-≥ ssl-kv-Iq-fn-em-Wv-C-¥y- F-s‚- cm-Py-am-Wv- F-∂p- Xp-S-ßp-∂- tZ-io-b- ]-Xn-⁄- B-Zy-am-bn- sNm-√n-b-Xv.-

*- -Kq¿-J-Iƒ- t\-∏m-fn-se- H-cp- P-\-hn-`m-K-am-Wv.- C-h-cp-sS- ss[-cyw- ]-kn-≤-am-Wv.-Kq¿-J-Iƒ- A-`n-am-\-]q¿-hw- sIm-≠p-\-S-°p-∂- ]-kn-≤-am-b- I-Øn-bm-Wv- Ip-In.-D-d-bn¬-\n-∂v- Ip-In- ]p-d-sØ-Sp-Øm¬-c-‡w- Im-Wm-sX- Xn-cn-®v- C-Sp-I-bn-√- F-s∂m-cp- ]-Xn-hpw- C-h¿-°p-≠v.- kz-¥w-ssI-hn-c¬- ap-dn-®v- c-Iv-Xw- Im-Wn-s®-¶n-epw- C-h¿- B- ]-Xn-hv- ]m-en-®n-cn-°pw.-

*- -ku-P-\y-am-bn- ssh- -ss - I-W-£-≥ e-`y-am-°n-b- B-Zy-sØ- C-¥y-≥ hn-t√-Pm-Wv- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn-se- ]-Nv-K-thm- - (2015Pq-sse-).-

*- -U¬-ln- kz-tZ-in-bm-b- l¿-]m¬-kn-Mv-B-Wv- B-Zy-sØ- am-cp-Xn- Im-dn-s‚- D-S-a.- _p-°p-sN-bv-X-h-cn¬-\n-∂v- \-dp-s°-Sp-∏n-eq-sS-bm-Wv- C-t±-l-sØ- I-s≠-Øn-b-Xv.- 1983 Un-kw-_¿- 14˛-\v- A-∂-sØ- ]-[m-\-a-¥n- C-µn-cm- Km-‘n-bm-Wv- Im-dn-s‚- Xm-t°m¬- ssI-am-dn-b-Xv.- Un-sF-

F- 6479 B-Wv- Im-dn-s‚- c-Pn-kv-tS-j-≥\-º¿.- l¿-]m¬-kn-Mv- 2010˛¬- A-¥-cn-°pw-h-sc- Cu- Im-dm-Wv- D-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.-

*- -H-∂n-e-[n-Iw- tem-Iv-k- m- ko-‰p-I-fn¬- H-cmƒ- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- m¬- 14 Zn-h-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬- H-sc-Æw- H-gn-sI- a-s‰-√m- ko-‰p-I-fpw- cm-Pn-h-®n-s√-¶n¬- F-√m- ko-‰p-I-fpw- H-gn-hp- h-∂-Xm-bn- ]-Jym-]n-°-s∏-Spw.-

*- -H-∂n-e-[n-Iw- \n-b-a-k- m- ko-‰p-I-fn¬- H-cmƒ- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- m¬- 10 Zn-h-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬- H-sc-Æw- H-gn-sI- a-s‰-√m- ko-‰p-I-fpw- cm-Pn-h-®n-s√-¶n¬- F-√m- ko-‰p-I-fpw- H-gn-hp- h-∂-Xm-bn- ]-Jym-]n-°-s∏-Spw.-

*- -a-lm-cm-jv-S-bp-sS- kw-kv-Im-cn-I- X-e-ÿm-\w- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- ]q-s\- B-Wv.-

*- -A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- a-Iv-In-≥en- sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-sb- 2015˛¬- sZ-\m-en- F-∂v- ]p-\¿-\m-a-I-c-Ww- sN-bv-Xp.-

*- -tUm.-iym-a-]-km-Zv- ap-J¿-Pn- sX¿-a¬- ]-h¿- tÃ-j-≥ O-Øn-kv-K-Vn-se- tIm¿-_- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -tem-Iv-]m¬- B-≥Uv- tem-Im-bp-‡m-kv-B-Iv-Sv- \n-e-hn¬- h-∂- h¿-j-am-Wv- 2014.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- tlm-fn-hp-Uv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- apw-ss_.-

*- -P-\-Io-b- ]-¶m-fn-Ø-tØm-sS- tI-c-f-Øn-em-cw-`n-®- B-Zy-sØ- an-\n- P-e-ssh-Zyp-X- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wv- Xq-X-∏p-g-bn¬- \n¿-an-®-ao-≥h-√w- ]-≤-Xn.- -

*- - n-en-ss∏-≥kn-se- X-t±-io-b-cp-am-bp-≈-G-‰p-ap-´-en-em-Wv- ]-i-kv-X-\m-hn-I-\m-b-a-K-√-≥ sIm-√-s∏-´-Xv- (1521).- a-K-√-s\- h-[n-®- X-t±-io-b-cp-sS- kw-L-Øn-s‚- t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp-∂- ap-…nw- tbm-≤m-hm-bn-cp-∂p-e-∏p-˛-e-∏p.-

*- -t\m¿-tØ-¨- A-b¿-e-≥Un-se- s_¬-^m-Ãn-em-Wv- ssS-‰m-\n-Iv- I-∏¬- \n¿-an-®-Xv.-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- sl-dn-t‰-Pv- hn-t√-Pm-bn- 2008˛¬- ]-Jym-]n-°-s∏- -Xv- ]m-e-°m-Sv- Pn-√-bn-se- I¬-∏m-Øn- A-K-lm-c-am-Wv.-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- am-[y-a-N-cn-X-Øn¬- B-Zy-am-bn- \n-tcm-[n-°-s∏-´- ]-X-am-Wv- k-µn-jv-S-hm-Zn.-

*- -sIm-Sp-ß-√q¿- Ip-™n-°p-´-≥ X-ºp-cm-≥c-Nn-®- \-√- `m-j- B-Wv- ]-®- a-e-bm-fw-F-∂- km-ln-Xy-]-ÿm-\-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- Ir-Xn.-

*- -knw-Knƒ- I-am-≥Un-\p- Io-gn¬- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂- tem-I-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b-s]m-eo-kv- tk-\-bm-Wv- D-Ø¿- ]-tZ-in-te-Xv.-

*- -tUm.-òw- dm-hp- Aw-t_-Zv-I¿- πm-\-t‰m-dn-bw- D-Ø¿- ]-tZ-in-se- cmw-]q-cn-em-Wv.-

*- -tem-I-Øv- B-Zy-am-bn- facial recognitionATM \n-e-hn¬-h-∂-Xv- ssN-\-bn-em-Wv-(2015).-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- C-≥U-kv-Sn-b¬- hn-t√-Pv- sIm-√w- Pn-√-bn-se- ]-∑-\-B-Wv.-

*- -I¿-Wm-S-I-Øn-s‚- I-hm-Sw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- amw-•q-cm-Wv.-

*- A-©v- tK-‰p-I-fp-≈- G-I- sd-bn¬-th- tÃ-j-\m-Wv- hn-P-b-hm-U.-

*- -I¬-l-W-s‚- cm-P-X-cw-Kn-Wn- F-´v- ]p-kv-X-I-ß-fm-bn-´m-Wv- hn-`-Pn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.-

*- -a-[y-]-tZ-in-s‚- Sq-dn-Ãv- Iym-]n-‰¬- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Kzm-fn-tbm¿.-

*- -ln-am-N¬- ]-tZ-in-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b-P-e-ssh-Zyp-X- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wv- \m-Yv-]- P-°v-dn- (1500 sa-Km-hm-´v-).-

*- -sh-fp-Ø- h¿-K-°m-cm-b- A-ta-cn-°-°m-cp-sS- Xm¬-]-cy-ß-fpw- A-h-Im-i-ß-fpw-kw-c-£n-°p-I- F-∂- e-£y-tØm-sS-1865¬- A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- sS-∂n-kn-bn¬- H-cp- km-[m-c-W- kw-L-S-\-bm-bn- cq-]w-sIm-≈p-I-bpw- ]n-∂o-Sv- ò-I-c-]-ÿm-\-am-bn-am-dp-I-bpw- sN-bv-X- Iq-´m-bv-a-bm-Wv- Iq-¢-Iv-kv- ¢m-≥.- tXm-°n-s‚- Im-©n- h-en-°p-tºmƒ- D-≠m-Ip-∂- i-_v-Z-am-Wv- kw-L-S-\-bv-°v- \¬-I-s∏-´-Xv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- k-a-b-\n-jv-T- Ip-d-™- sS-bn-≥ F-∂p- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Kp-h-l-Øn-˛-Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw- F-Iv-kv-]-km-Wv.- i-cm-i-cn- 10˛-12a-Wn-°q¿- Xm-a-kn-®m-Wv- C-Xv- e-£y-ÿm-\-sØ-Øn-t®-cp-∂-Xv- (65 a-Wn-°q-dpw- 5 an-\n-´p-am-Wv- \n¿-±n-jv-S- bm-Xm- k-a-bw-).-

*- -h-S-°-≥ A-b¿-e-≥Un¬- k-am-[m-\w-ÿm-]n-°p-∂-Xn-\v- 1998˛¬- _n- -Wpw- A-b¿-e-≥Up-am-bn- H-∏p-h-®- I-cm-dm-Wv-s_¬-^m-Ãv- D-S-º-Sn.-

*- -knw-K-∏q¿- ]-kn-U-‚n-s‚- Hu-tZym-Kn-I-h-k-Xn-bm-Wv- C-kv-Xm-\.- ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bp-sS- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- h-k-Xn- Sri Temasek.

*- A-cp-Wm-N-en-se- X-hm-ßn-s\- C-¥y-bp-sS- C-X-c- m-K-ß-fp-am-bn- _-‘n-∏n-°p-∂-Np-c-am-Wv- tk-e.-

*- hm-cm-W-kn-bn-se- `m-c-Xv-am-Xm- a-µn-dn¬-]-c-º-cm-K-X- tZ-h-X-I-fp-sS- hn-K-l-Øn-\p-]-I-cw- A-hn-`-‡- C-¥y-bp-sS- `q-]-S-am-Wv- D-≈-Xv.-

*- -D-Ø-c- A-Xv-em-‚n-°n-em-Wv- s_¿-ap-U-S-bmw-Knƒ.- \n-c-h-[n- I-∏-ep-I-fpw- hn-am-\-ß-fpw- Zp-cq-l-am-b- km-l-N-cy-Øn¬-Cu- `m-K-Øv- A-]-Xy-£-am-b-Xn-\m-em-Wv- Cu- t]-cv- e-`n-®-Xv.-

*- -s]m- .-Fw.-sI.-km-\p- c-Nn-®- \m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hn-s‚- Po-h-N-cn-X-am-Wv- \m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-kzm-an.- tUm.-sI.-kp-K-X-≥ F-gp-Xn-b- ]p-kv-X-I-am-Wv- _p-≤-\pw- \m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hpw.-

*- tbm-K-bp-sS- \-K-cw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-E-jn-tI-im-Wv.-

*- -\-hw-_¿- H-∂n-\m-Wv- tI-c-f- k¿-°m¿-ti-jv-T-`m-jm- Zn-\w- B-N-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- B-dv- kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-em-bn-´m-Wv- ]-›n-a-L-´w- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂-Xv.-

G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ kwÿm-\-ß-fn-eqsSIS-∂p-t]m-Ip∂ Xoh-≠n

12 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15

Xo¿YmS\ Sqdn-k-Øns‚ Xe-ÿm\w F∂mWv ]Ø-\w-Xn´ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Z£n-tW-¥y-bnse Ipw`-ta-f-bmb i_-cn-ae aI-c-hn-f-°p¬k-h-Øn-\pw Gjy-bnse G‰hpw henb ssIkvXh ktΩ-f-\-amb acm-aÏ¨sh≥j\pw thZn-sbmcp-°p∂ tZi-amWv ]Ø-\w-Xn-´. klys‚Xmgvhmc-ßfpw ]º-bpsS XS-]-tZ-i-ßfpw kº-∂-am-°p∂ ]Ir-Xn-`w-Kn -bpsS \m-Sv - . Bd-∑p-f-bpsS kmkvIm-cnI kº-∂-Xbpw ]cp-a-e-bpsSBflob Hu∂-Xyhpw kz¥-amb aÆv. Hcn-°¬ I≠m¬ Hcn-°epw ad-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Khn hnt\m-Z-k-©mc tIµw, thep-Øºn Poh-XymKwsNbvX aÆ-Sn, sImSp-a-Ænse Nne-¥n-t£-Xw...... AXp-ey-amWv ]Ø-\w-Xn-´ -sb kw_‘amb Adn-h-S-bm-f-ßƒ. \ap°v ]Tn°mw ka-K-am-bn-Ø-s∂. H∏w, Adn-hns‚ Bghpw hne-bn-cpØmw .

B¿kn kptc-jvIpam¿ [email protected]

Pn√-I-fn-eq-sS-˛3

]Ø-\w-Xn´

]tXyIXIƒ* G‰hpw- Ip-d-®v- sd-bn¬-∏m-X-bp-≈- Pn-√-*- -P-\-kw-Jym-h¿-[-\- \n-c-°v- G-‰-hpw- Ip-d-™- Pn-√-*- -B-cm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fp-sS- Pn-√-*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- ]-Xn-aq-∂m-a-sØ- Pn-√-*- -tI-c-f-Øn-s‚- sX-°-≥ `m-K-sØ- G-‰-hpw- ]m-bw- Ip-d-

™- Pn-√-*- -I-S¬-Øo-c-an-√m-Ø- Pn-√-I-fn¬- sXt°b‰ØXv.

BZysØXv* C¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- t]m-fn-tbm- hn-ap-‡- Pn-√-*- -C-¥y-bn¬- ko-tdm- P-\-kw-Jym- h¿-[-\- \n-c-°v- ssI-h-

cn-®- B-Zy- Pn-√-*- -tI-c-f-Øn¬-\n-∂v- B-Zy-am-bn- _u-≤n-I- kz-Ø-h-Im-iw-

Aw-Ko-I-cn-°-s∏-´-Xv-˛- B-d-∑p-f- I-Æm-Sn-*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- ]-©-km-c-an-√m-Wv- \n-c-W-sØ-

]-ºm- jp-K¿- an¬.-*- -kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn-bn¬- P-Uv-Pn-bm-b- B-Zy-sØ- h-\n-X-

bm-Wv- ^m-Øn-am- _o-hn.-*- -K-h¿-W¿- ÿm-\-sØ-Øn-b- B-Zy-sØ- tI-c-fo-b- h-\n-

X-bm-Wv- m-Øn-am- _o-hn.- X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- B-Zy-sØ- h-\n-Xm- K-h¿-W-dpw- ^m-Øn-am- _o-hn-bm-Wv- (tI-c-f-Øn-se- B-Zy- h-\n-Xm- K-h¿-W-dm-bn-cp-∂- tPym-Xn- sh-¶-Sm-N-ew- X-an-gv-\m-Sv- kz-tZ-in-bm-bn-cp-∂p-).-

*- -K-h¿-W¿- ÿm-\-sØ-Øn-b- B-Zy-sØ- ap-…nw- h-\n-X-bm-Wv- ^m-Øn-am- _o-hn.-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- kz-Im-cy- P-e-ssh-Zyp-X- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wv- a-Wn-bm¿.-

*- -tI-c-f- k¿-°m-cn-s‚- sP.-kn.-Um-\n-tb¬- A-hm¿-Uv- t\-Sn-b- B-Zy- h-\n-X- B-d-∑p-f- s]m-∂-Ω-bm-Wv.-

*- -H-fn-ºn-Iv-kv- ^p-Sv-t_mƒ- So-an¬- Aw-K-am-b- B-Zy- a-e-bm-fn- Im-bn-I-Xm-cw- tXm-a-kv- a-Øm-bn- h¿-§o-km-Wv- (Xn-cp-h-√- ]m-∏-≥).-

*- -A-Sq¿- tKm-]m-e-Ir-jv-W-≥ kw-hn-[m-\w- sN-bv-X- B-Zy-N-e-®n-X-am-Wv- kz-bw-h-cw.-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- kn-\n-am- \n¿-am-W- k-l-I-c-W- kw-L-am-b- Nn-X-te-J- cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-°m-≥ ap-≥ssI-sb-Sp-Ø-Xv- A-Sq¿- tKm-]m-e-Ir-jv-W-\m-Wv.-

*- -Zm-Zm- km-tl-_v- ^m¬-t°- A-hm¿-Uv- t\-Sn-b- B-Zy- a-e-bm-fn-bm-Wv- A-Sq¿- tKm-]m-e-Ir-jv-W-≥ (2004).-

*- -sS-dn-t´m-dn-b¬- B¿-an-bn¬- e-^v-‰-\-‚ v- tI-W¬- ]-Z-hn-e-`n-®- B-Zy- a-e-bm-f- \-S-\m-Wv- tam-l-≥em¬.-

*- -tam-l-≥em¬- A-`n-\-bn-®- B-Zy- Nn-Xw- Xn-c-t\m-´w- B-sW-¶n-epw- B-Zy-am-bn- dn-eo-km-b-Xv- a-™n¬- hn-cn-™-]q-°ƒ- B-Wv.-

*- -k-Xy-≥ A-¥n-°m-Sv- kw-hn-[m-\w- sN-bv-X- Sn.-]n.-_m-e-tKm-]m-e-≥ Fw.-F.- F-∂- Nn-X-Øn-se- A-`n-\-b-Øn-\m-Wv- tam-l-≥em-en-\v- an-I-®- \-S-\p-≈- kw-ÿm-\- A-hm¿-Uv- B-Zy-am-bn- e-`n-®--Xv.

kq∏¿te‰ohpIƒ* 2011 sk-≥k-kv- ]-Im-cw- tI-c-f-Øn¬- km-£-c-X-bn¬-

H-∂mw- ÿm-\-Øp-≈- Pn-√.-*- -G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- ko-k-W¬- h-cp-am-\-ap-≈- t£-Xw-˛-

i-_-cn-a-e- (C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-cp-am-\-ap-≈- t£-Xw- Xn-cp-∏-Xn-bm-Wv-).-

*- -G-jy-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b-Xpw- tem-I-Øn-se- c-≠m-a-tØ-Xp-am-b- ssI-kv-X-h-k-tΩ-f-\-am-Wv- F-√m- h¿-j-hpw- s -_p-h-cn- am-kw- ]-ºm-Xo-c-Øv- \-S-°p-∂- a-cm-a-

- I- -sh-≥j-≥ .- G-I-tZ-iw- H-∂-c- e-£w- t]¿-°v- H-tc- k-a-bw- C-cn-°m-≥ I-gn-bp-∂- ]-¥-em-Wv- C-Xn-\m-bn-\n¿-an-°p-∂-Xv.- .- B-Zy- I-¨-sh-≥j-≥ 1896 em-Wv- \-S-∂-Xv.- I-¨-sh-≥j-≥ kw-L-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv- am¿-tØm-am-k-`-bp-sS- t]m-j-I- kw-L-S-\-bm-b- am¿-tØm-a- kp-hn-ti-j- ]-kw-K- kw-L-am-Wv.- F- p-Zn-h-k-am-Wv- ssZ¿-Lyw.-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- \-Zn-I-fn¬- \o-f-Øn¬- aq-∂mw- ÿm-\-am-Wv- ]-º-bv-°v.-

*- -dm-∂n-bm-Wv- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- t^m-d-Ãv- Un-hn-j-≥.-

*- -sX-t°- C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- Bƒ-°q-´w-˛- i-_-

cn-a-e- a-I-c-hn-f-°v- D-’-hw-*- -B-‘m-]-tZ-in-se- Xn-cp-∏-Xn- I-gn-™m¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-

Sp-X¬- k-µ¿-i-I-sc-Øp-∂- Z-£n-tW-¥y-≥ t£-Xw- i-_-cn-a-e- im-kv-Xm-t£-X-am-Wv.-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- \o-fw- Iq-Sn-b- c-≠m-a-sØ- tÃ-‰v-ssl-th-˛- F-kv.-F-®v-˛-8 (]p-\-eq-cn-s\-bpw- aq-hm-‰p-]p-g-tb-bpw- _-‘n-∏-°p-∂- C-Xn-\v- 153.-6 In-tem-ao-‰-dm-Wv-\o-fw.- sa-bn-≥ Cu-tÃ-¨- ssl-th- F-∂pw- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-).-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn¬- I-cn-ºp-Ir-jn- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈- Xm-eq-°v-˛- Xn-cp-h-√-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- thm-´¿-am-cp-≈- A-kw-ªn- \n-tbm-P-I- a-Wv-U-ew-˛- B-d-∑p-f- (Ip-d-hv- tIm-gn-t°m-Sv- ku-Øv-)-

*- -]-Ø-\w-Xn- -Pn-√-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- ]-ap-J- hm-Wn-Py-tI-µw-Xn-cp-h-√-bm-Wv.-

*- -Xn-cp-h-√-bn-epw- k-ao-]- ÿ-e-ß-fn-ep-am-Wv- tI-c-f-Øn¬-G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- hn-tZ-i- a-e-bm-fn-I-fp-≈-Xv.-

*- -D¬-]m-Z-\-ti-jn-bn¬- tI-c-f-Øn-se- c-≠m-a-sØ- P-e-ssh-Zyp-X- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wv- i-_-cn-Kn-cn.-

*- -an-I-®- kw-hn-[m-b-I-\p-≈- tZ-io-b- A-hm¿-Un-\v- G-‰-hpw-Iq-Sp-X¬- ]m-h-iyw- A¿-l-\m-b- a-e-bm-fn-bm-Wv- A-Sq¿-tKm-]m-e-Ir-jv-W-≥.- 1972˛-em-Wv- B-Zy- A-hm¿-Uv- t\-Sn-b-Xv.- Nn-Xw- kz-bw-h-cw.

A]c\maßƒ* ]Ø-\w-Xn´bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI Xe-ÿm-\w˛ Bd-∑pf*- -a-[y-Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-s‚- Po-h-\m-Un- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-

\-Zn-˛- ]-º-*- -Z-£n-W- Ipw-`-ta-f- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛- i-_-cn-a-e-bn-

se- a-I-c-hn-f-°v-*- -sh-≈-Øn-se- ]q-cw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-B-d-∑p-f- D-X-´m-

Xn- h-≈w-I-fn-bm-Wv.- Nn-ß-am-k-Øn-se- D-Xr- m-Xn- \-£-X-Øn-em-Wv- ]-ºm-\-Zn-bn¬- C-Xv- \-S-°p-∂-Xv.- a-∂w- sa-tΩm-dn-b¬- tSm-^n-bpw- B¿.-i-¶¿- sa-tΩm-dn-b¬- tSm-^n-bpw- Cu- h-≈w-I-fn-bp-am-bn- _-‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.-

*- -]-º-bp-sS- ]m-No-\-Im-e-sØ- t]-cm-Wv- _m-cn-kvv.-Z-£n-W- `m-Ko-c-Yn- F-∂v- ]-º- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-p.

* ‘Headquarters of pilgrimage tourism’ AYhm- Xo¿-Ym-S-\- Sq-dn-k-Øn-s‚- B-ÿm-\w- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- ]-Ø-\w-Xn-´-bm-Wv.-

*- -k-c-k- I-hn- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv- ap-eq¿- ]-Zv-a-\m-`-∏-Wn-°-cm-Wv.-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn¬- k-am-¥-c- kn-\n-a-bp-sS- ]n-Xm-hv- F-∂- A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sm-hp-∂- N-e-®n-X-Im-c-≥ A-Sq¿- tKm-]m-e-Ir-jv-W-\m-Wv.-

*- -tI-c-f- Xp-f-ko-Zm-kv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏- -Xv- sh-Æn-°p-fw- tKm-]m-e-°p-dp-∏m-Wv.-

*- -am-[-h-∏-Wn-°¿,- i-¶-c-∏-Wn-°-c,- cm-a-∏-Wn-°¿- F-∂n-h-cm-Wv- \n-c-Ww- I-hn-Iƒ- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- C-h¿-I-Æ-»-I-hn-Iƒ- F-∂pw- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -D-Æp-\o-en- k-tµ-i-Øn¬- h-√-hm-bv- F-∂p- ]-cm-a¿-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂- ÿ-e-am-Wv- Xn-cp-h-√.- ]p-cm-X-\-Im-e-Øv- C-hn-Sw- io-h-√-`-]p-cw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xm-bpw- \n-K-a-\-ap-≠v.-

*- -]-cp-a-e- Xn-cp-ta-\n- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Ko-h¿-Ko-kvam¿-Kn-tKm-dn-tbm-kv- B-Wv- (P-\n-®-Xv- F-d-Wm-Ip-fw- Pn-√-bn¬-)- ]-cp-a-e- ]-≈n-bn-em-Wv- (sk-‚ v- ]o-t‰-gv-kv- B-≥Uv-sk-‚ v- t]mƒ-kv- Hm¿-Ø-tUm-Iv-kv- ]-≈n-)- C-t±-l-Øn-

2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 13

s‚- I-_-dn-Sw.- ]-ºm-Xo-c-Øm-Wv- ]-cp-a-e- ]-≈n- ÿm-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

][m\s∏´ hkvXpXIƒ*- -]-Ø-\w-Xn-´- Pn-√-bn-se- Xm-eq-°p-Iƒ-˛- Xn-cp-h-√,- a-√-∏-

≈n,- dm-∂n,- tIm-g-t©-cn,- A-Sq¿,- tIm-∂n-*- -am-cm-a-¨- I-¨-sh-≥j-≥ G-Xv- \-Zn-bp-sS- Xo-c-Øm-Wv-˛-

]-º-*- -i-_-cn-Kn-cn- ]-Zv-[-Xn- G-Xp- \-Zn-bn¬-˛- ]-º-*- -]-Ø-\w-Xn-´- Pn-√-bn-se- ]-kn-≤-am-b- \m-S-≥I-em-cq-]w-

˛- ]-S-b-Wn-*- -]-º-bp-sS- \o-fw-˛- 176 In.-ao.- (\o-f-Øn¬- aq-∂mw- ÿm-

\w-)-*- -]-º-bp-sS- D-Zv-`-hw-˛- ]p-f-®n-a-e-*- -]-º-bp-sS- ]-X-\-ÿm-\w-˛- th-º-\m-Sp-Im-b¬-*- -aq-gn-bm¿- Umw- G-Xv- Pn-√-bn¬- ˛- ]-Ø-\w-Xn-´-*- -]-Ø-\w-Xn-´- Pn-√-bn-se- ]-[m-\-\-Zn-Iƒ-˛-

-]-º,- a-Wn-a-e,- A-®-≥tIm-hn¬-*- -]m¿-Y-km-c-Yn- t£-Xw- F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛- B-d-∑p-f-*- -I-°m-Sv- ]-≤-Xn- G-Xv- Pn-√-bn¬- ˛- ]-Ø-\w-Xn-´-*- -]m-cn-ÿn-Xn-I- Sq-dn-k-Øn-\p- ]-kn-≤-am-b- ÿ-e-am-b-

K-hnhn-t\m-Z- k-©m-c- tI-µw- s]-cn-bm¿- ssS-K¿- dn-k¿-hn-s‚- `m-K-am-Wv.-

][m\ hy‡nIƒ* e£w-hoSv ]≤-Xn-bpsS D]-⁄m-Xm-hmb Fw.-F≥.-tKm-

hn-µ≥ \mb¿ (1910-˛1984) ]¥f-ØmWv P\n-®-Xv. tIc-f-Øn¬ Iayp-WnÃv ]m¿ń 1957-˛¬ A[n-Im-c-Øn¬h-∂-t∏mƒ ]m¿ń skI-´-dn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. 1964-˛¬ Iayp-WnÃv ]m¿ń ]nf¿∂-t∏mƒ kn.]n.-sF. tIc-f-L-S-IsØ \bn-®p.

* tIcf tÃ‰v sse_dn Iu¨knens‚ BZy ]kn-U‚ v ISΩ\n´ cmaIrjvW≥

* tImgt©cn ]kwKØns‚(1935) t]cn¬ AdÃp-sNøs∏´ t\Xmhv˛ kn.tIih≥

* Ip©p-°p-dp∏v (ae-bmf at\m-c-a-) F∂ t]m°‰vIm¿´q¨ 35 h¿jw hc-®Xv sI.-]-Zva-\m-`≥ \mb¿(A-Sq¿ kztZ-in)

* tIcf imkvX kmlnXy]cnjØv ÿm]n°p∂Xn\vt\XrXzw \¬Inbhcn¬ Hcmfmb tIm∂nbq¿\tcµ\mYv P\n®Xv tIm∂nbnemWv.

* ]Ø\wXn´ Pn√bpsS cq]hXvIcWØn\p t]cWsNepØnb cm„ob t\XmhmWv sI.sI.\mb¿. 34h¿jw Ct±lw ]Ø-\w-Xn´ aWvU-esØ tIcf \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ ]Xn-\n-[m\w sNbvXp.

* \nXy-ssN-X-\y--b-Xn-bpsS bYm¿Y t]cmWv Pb-®-µ-∏-Wn-°¿.

* Bd∑pf aWvU-esØ tIcf \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ ]Xn-\n-[m\w sNbvX Ihn-bmWv IS-Ω-\n´ cma-Ir-jvW≥.

* sIm®o--cm-Pmhv `‡-IhnXne-I≥ F∂ _lp-aXn\¬In BZ-cn-®Xv ]¥fw tIcf h¿asb BWv.

* ASq¿ mkn-bpsS bYm¿Y t]cv- -sI.- m-kvI-c≥ \mb¿.* \b≥Xmc F∂ t]cn¬ ]kn-≤-bmb \Sn-bpsS

bYm¿Y t]cv Ubm\ adnbw Ipcy≥.

][m\ ÿeßƒ* thep-Ø-ºn- Z-f-h- B-Xv-l-Xy- sN-bv-X- ÿ-ew-˛- -a-

Æ-Sn-*- -]-kn-≤-am-b- ln-µp-a-X-k-tΩ-f-\w- \-S-°p-∂- ÿ-ew- - sN-

dp-tIm¬-∏p-g- (]-º-bp-sS- Xo-c-Øv-)-*- -N-c¬-°p-∂v- G-Xp-\n-e-bn¬- ]-kn-≤w-˛- hn-t\m-Z-k-©m-

c- tI-µw-*- -sk-‚ v- Kn-tKm-dn-b-kn-s‚- (]-cp-a-e- Xn-cp-ta-\n-)- A-¥y-

hn-i-a-ÿm-\w- ]-cp-a-e-bm-Wv.- \-hw-_¿- H-∂v,- c-≠v- Xo-b-Xn-I-fn-em-Wv- C-hn-Sp-sØ- hm¿-jn-I- D-’-h-am-b- Hm¿-a-s∏-cp-∂mƒ.-

*- -C-t¥m-˛-io-e-¶-≥ I-cm¿- ]-Im-cw- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf- ]p-\-c-[n-h-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂- ]-Ø-\w-Xn- - Pn-√-bn-se- ÿ-e-am-Wv- ]-®-°m-\w.-

*- -B-\-bp-sS- A-ÿn-Iƒ- ap-gp-h-≥ ]-Z¿-in-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-ayq-kn-b-am-Wv- K-hn- ayq-kn-bw.-

*- -a-e-bm-e-∏p-g- -Z-Im-fn- t£-Xw- ]-Ø-\w-Xn- - Pn-√-bn-em-Wv.-*- -tam-l-≥em¬- P-\n-®-Xv- C-e-¥q-cn-em-Wv.-*- -B-\-°q-Sn-\v- ]-kn-≤-am-b- ÿ-e-am-Wv- tIm-∂n.- C-hn-

sS- B-\-I-sf- ]-cn-io-en-∏n-°p-I-bpw- ip-iq-jn-°p-I-bpw-sN-øp-∂p.-

*- -am¿-tØm-a- k-`-bp-sS- B-ÿm-\w Xncp-h-√-bm-Wv.

][m\ kw`hßƒ* ]¥f cmPysØ Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬ tN¿Ø-Xv˛ 1820* Smh≥Iq¿ t^mdÃv BIvSv \nehn¬h∂Xv 1887¬

BWv. 1888¬ XncphnXmwIqdnse BZysØ dnk¿hvh\ambn tIm∂nsb ]Jym]n®p.

* ]Ø-\w-Xn´ Pn√ \ne-hn¬ h∂ h¿jw˛ 1982

][m\ ÿm]\ßƒ* aq-eq¿- kv-am-c-Iw- F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛- C-e-hpw-Xn-´-*- -I-cn-ºv- K-th-j-W- tI-µw-˛- Xn-cp-h-√-*- -hm-kv-Xp-hn-Zym-Kp-cp-Ip-ew- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂-Xv- - B-d-∑p-f-*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- Xm-dm-hp- h-f¿-Ø¬- tI-µw-˛- \n-c-Ww-

Ipg∏n°p∂ hkvXpXIƒ* AJn-em-Wv-U-a-Wv-U-ew- A-Wn-bn-s®m-cp-°n- F-∂p- Xp-

S-ßp-∂- Km-\w- c-Nn-®-Xv- ]-¥-fw- sI.-]n.-cm-a-≥]n-≈-bm-Wv.- \m-b¿- k¿-ho-kv- skm-km-‰n-bp-sS- D¬-]-∂-∏n-cn-hp-am-bn- _-‘-s∏-´m-Wv- C-Xv- c-Nn-®-Xv.- ssZ-th-ta- ssI-sXm-gmw- tIƒ-°p-am-dm-I-Ww- F-∂- Km-\w- c-Nn-®-Xv- ]-¥-fw- tI-c-f- h¿-a-bm-Wv.

A]q¿h hkvXpXIƒ* ]Ø\w-Xn- - Pn-√m- B-ÿm-\w- G-Xv- \-Zn-bp-sS- Xo-c-Øm-

Wv-˛- A-®-≥tIm-hn-em¿-*- -]-Ø-\w-Xn-´- Pn-√-bn-se- G-I- sd-bn¬-th- tÃ-j-\m-Wv-

Xn-cp-h-√.-*- -]m-Wv-Uy-cm-Py-Øp-\n-∂v- tI-c-f-Øn-se-Øn-b- cm-P-hw-i-

ßƒ-˛- ]-¥-fw,- ]q-™m¿-*- -\n-h¿-Ø-\- ]-t£m-`-W-Im-e-Øv- 1935 Pq-Wn¬- tIm-g-

t©-cn-bn¬- \-S-Øn-b- ]-kw-K-Øn-s‚- t]-cn¬- P-bn-en-e-S-bv-°-s∏-´- t\-Xm-hm-Wv- kn.-tI-i-h-≥.-

*- -i-_-cn-a-e- D-’-h-Øn-\p-≈- Xn-cp-hm-`-c-Ww- kq-£n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- ]-¥-fw- sIm-´m-c-Øn-em-Wv.-

*- -I-°n- Umw- ]-ºm-\-Zn-bn-em-Wv.- 1966˛¬- \n¿-an-®- I-°n,-B-\-tØm-Sv- A-W-s°- p-I-fp-sS- -e-am-bn- cq-]-s∏- - Ir-

Xn-a- X-Sm-I-am-Wv- I-°n- dn-k¿-thm-b¿.-*- -I-√n-t»-cn- sd-bn¬-th-∏m-ew- ]-ºm-\-Zn-bn-em-Wv.-*- -]-¥-f-sØ- ]-Z-£n-Ww- sN-bv-Xp-t]m-Ip-∂- \-Zn-bm-Wv-

A-®-≥tIm-hn-em¿.-*- -1905˛¬- ]-¥-fw- tI-c-f-h¿-a-bp-sS- ]-Xm-[n-]-Xy-Øn¬-

B-cw-`n-®- ]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-am-Wv- I-h-\-Iu-ap-Zn-*- -A-S-hn- C-t°m-Sq-dn-kw- ]-Ø-\w-Xn-´- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -A-ø-∏-s‚- D-d-°p-]m-´m-Wv- l-cn-h-cm-k-\w- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- A-Øm-g-]q-P-bv-°p-ti-jw- \-S- A-S-bv-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºv- Cu- Io¿-Ø-\w- B-e-]n-°p-∂p.- Ip-º-°p-Sn-Ip-f-Øq¿- kp-µ-tc-i-ø-cm-Wv- c-Nn-®-Xv.-

*- -i-_-cn-a-e- t£-X-Øn-s‚- ]-i-kv-Xn-bv-°p-th-≠n- sN-øp-∂- tk-h-\-ß-sf- am-\n-®v- k¿-°m¿- \¬-Ip-∂- ]p-c-kv-Im-c-am-Wv- l-cn-h-cm-k-\w- A-hm¿-Uv.-

*- -a-I-c-hn-f-°v- D-’-hw- a-I-c-am-kw- H-∂mw- Xo-b-Xn-bm-Wv.-*- -]-Øp-Zn-h-kw- \o-≠p-\n¬-°p-∂- i-_-cn-a-e- t£-X-Øn-

se- D-Xv-k-h-Øn-\v- ao-\-am-k-Øn-se- Im¿-Øn-I- \m-fn¬-sIm-Sn-tb-dpw.-

*- -B-d-∑p-f- I-Æm-Sn- \n¿-an-°p-∂-Xv- tem-l-°q-´p-]-tbm-Kn-®m-Wv.-

*- -i-_-cn-Kn-cn- ]-≤-Xn-bn¬-\n-∂v- D-]-tbm-Kw- I-gn-™v- ]p-d-Øp-hn-Sp-∂- P-e-am-Wv- I-°m-Sv- ]-≤-Xn-bn¬- D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv.- i-_-cn-Kn-cn- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ]-h¿-lu-kv- ÿm-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- aq-gn-bm-dn-em-Wv.-

*- -s]m-∂m-]p-cw-sIm-´- F-∂- kn-\n-a- Nn-Xo-I-cn-®- ÿ-e-am-Wv- I-°n.-

*- -A-®-≥tIm-hn¬- ]-tZ-i-Øv- cq-]w-sIm-≠- H-cp- A-\p-jv-Tm-\- I-em-cq-]-am-Wv- tIm-hn¬-\r-Øw.-

*- -A-ø-∏- `-‡¿- ]-hn-X-am-bn- I-W-°m-°p-∂- Xn-th-Wn-bn¬- kw-K-an-°p-∂- \-Zn-I-fm-Wv- ]-º,- I-√m¿,- Rp-W-ßm¿- F-∂n-h.-

*- -tIm-g-t©-cn-bv-°-Sp-Øp-≈- G-S-∏m-d- a-e-tZ-h¿- \-S- t£-X-Øn-se- ]-Xn-jv-T-I-fn-sem-∂v- ap-…nw- a-X-hn-izm-kn-bm-b- Im-bw-Ip-fw- sIm-®p-Æn-bm-Wv.- sa-gp-Iv,- N-µ-\-Øn-cn-Iƒ,- I-©m-hv,- \m-S-≥ a-Zyw,- A-S-bv-°,- sh-‰n-e- F-∂n-h-bm-Wv- C-hn-sS- Im-Wn-°.-

*- -io-Ir-jv-W-s‚- hn-iz-cq-]- ]-Xn-jv-T-bp-≈- t£-X-am-Wv-B-d-∑p-f- ]m¿-Y-km-c-Yn-t£-Xw.- C-Xv- ÿm-]n-®-Xv- A¿-Pp-\-\m-Wv- F-∂v- hn-izm-kw.-

*- -Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿- cm-Pm-hv- i-_-cn-a-e- im-kv-Xm-hn-\v- k-a¿-∏n-®- X-¶- A-¶n- kq-£n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- B-d-∑p-f- ]m¿-Y-km-c-Yn-t£-X-Øn-em-Wv.-

*- -A-ø-∏-s‚- ]n-Xm-hm-b- ]-¥-f-Øp- cm-Pm-hv- a-I-s‚- i-co-c-Øn-e-Wn-bn-°m-≥ ]-Wn-I-gn-∏n-®- kz¿-Wm-`-c-W-ß-fm-Wv- Xn-cp-hm-`-c-Ww- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- C-h- ]-¥-f-Øv-h-en-b- tIm-bn-°¬- t£-X-Øn-\v- k-ao-]-ap-≈- i-ºn-°¬- sIm-´m-c-Øn-em-Wv- kq-£n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- -h-b¬-hm-Wn-`w- F-∂- hn-]p-e-am-b- Im¿-jn-I- hym-]m-c-ta-f- \-S-°p-∂- ÿ-e-am-Wv- Hm-a-√-q¿.

* ]cp-a-e-bn¬ Ct∏m-gp≈ ]≈n cq]-I-ev]\ sNbvXXv]ikvX B¿°n-sSIv‰v Nmƒkv sImdb BWv.

* sk‚ v tXm-a-kv- ÿm-]n-®-sX-∂p- hn-iz-kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂,-]-Ø-\w-Xn-´-bn-se- ]-≈n-bm-Wv- \n-c-Ww- sk-‚ v- ta-co-kv- Hm¿-Ø-tUm-Iv-kv- kp-dn-bm-\n- ]-≈n.-

*- -F-√m- h¿-j-hpw- \-hw-_¿,- Un-kw-_¿- am-k-ß-fn¬- (a-e-bm-f-am-kw- hr-›n-Iw- H-∂p-ap-X¬-)- a-Wv-U-e-°m-ew- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- 41 Zn-h-k-ß-fn-em-Wv- i-_-cn-a-e-bn-se- ]-[m-\- Xo¿-Ym-S-\- Im-e-b-f-hv.- C-Xn-\p-]p-d-ta- F-√m- a-e-bm-f- am-k-ß-fn-epw- B-Zy-sØ- A-©p-Zn-h-kw- k-µ¿-i-\w- A-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂p.-

*- -io-A-ø-∏-≥ X-s‚- _m-ey-Im-ew- sN-e-h-gn-®p- F-∂p-hn-iz-kn-°p-∂- ]-¥-fw- sIm-´m-cw- ]-Ø-\w-Xn-´- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -i-_-cn-a-e-bn¬- Xo¿-Ym-S-I-\p-≈- k-tµ-iw- X-Øz-a-kn-(A-Xv- \o- B-Ip-∂p-)- F-∂m-Wv.-

*- -k-ap-Z-\n-c-∏n¬-\n-∂v- G-I-tZ-iw- 914 ao-‰¿- D-b-c-Øn-em-Wv- i-_-cn-a-e.-

*- -h¿-j-Øn¬- F-√m- Zn-h-k-hpw- I-Y-I-fn- \-S-°p-∂- G-I-t£-X-sa-∂- Jym-Xn- kz-¥-am-b- tZ-hm-e-b-am-Wv- Xn-cp-h-√- io-h-√-`-a-lm-t£-Xw.-

*- -\-Zn- ]-Z-£n-Ww- sN-øp-∂- t£-X-am-Wv- h-ew-Np-gn- tZ-hn- t£-Xw.-

*- -B-\n-°m- n-e-Ω- t£-Xw- Xp-ey-]m-[m-\y-ap-≈- in-h-]m¿-h-Xo- ]-Xn-jv-T-bv-°v- ]-kn-≤-am-Wv.-

*- -dm-∂n- Xm-eq-°n¬- s]-cp-\m-Sv- ]-©m-b-Øn-em-Wv- i-_-cn-a-e- t£-Xw.-

*- -Nn-e-¥n-sb- B-cm-[n-°p-∂- A-]q¿-h-t£-X-am-Wv- sIm-Sp-a- - Nn-e-¥n-t£-Xw.- io-]-≈n-b-d- tZ-ho-t£-Xw- F-∂m-Wv- C-Xn-s‚- b-Ym¿-Y- t]cv.

NcnX]Yw* iXphns‚ ]nSnbneIs∏SmXncn°m≥ thepØºn

Zfhm BfllXy sNbvXXv aÆSn `KhXnt£XØn¬h®mWv.

* sIm√w, Be∏pg, CSp°n Pn√IfpsS `mKßƒtN¿∂mWv ]Ø\wXn´ Pn√ cq]hXvIcn®Xv.

14 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15

1. tIc-f-Ønse BZ-ysØ kz-Im-cy Pe-ssh-Z-ypX ]≤Xn(F) ]≈n-hm-k¬ (_n) i_-cn-Kncn(kn) aWn-bm¿ (Un) I°bw

2. tIc-f-Ønse \Zn-I-fn¬ \of-Øns‚Imc-y-Øn¬ ]º-bpsS ÿm\w(F) H∂v (_n) c≠v(kn) aq∂v (Un) \mev

3. 1972 ¬ ASq¿ tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW\vanI® kwhn-[m-b-I-\p≈ tZiobAhm-¿Uv t\Sn-s°m-SpØ NnXw(F) Fen-∏-Ømbw (_n) kz-bw-hcw(kn) A\-¥cw (Un) aXn-ep-Iƒ

4. ]Ø-\w-Xn´bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI Xe-ÿm\w F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv(F) ]º (_n) Xncp-h√(kn) \ncWw (Un) Bd-∑pf

5. sh≈-Ønse ]qcw F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv(F) s\lp tSm^n h≈w-Ifn(_n) Bd-∑pf h≈w-Ifn

(kn) ]mbn-∏mSv h≈w-Ifn(Un) Nnd-bn≥Iogv h≈w-Ifn

6. ]º-bpsS ]mNo\ \maw(F) _mcnkv (_n) Nq¿Wn

(kn) _dt° (Un) Xn≠nkv7. kc-k-Ihn F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv

(F) Ip©≥ \º-ym¿(_n) apeq¿ ]Zva\m-`-∏-Wn-°¿

(kn) cma-∏-Wn-°¿(Un) i¶-c-∏-Wn-°¿

8. GXv \Zn-bpsS Xoc-ØmWv amcm-aÏ¨sh≥j≥ \S-°p-∂Xv(F) `mc-X-∏pg (_n) s]cn-bm¿(kn) Nmen-bm¿ (Un) ]º

9. Xmsg∏-d-bp-∂-h-bn¬- ]-Ø-\w-Xn- -bp-am-bn- _-‘-s∏-´- I-em-cq-]-ta-Xv?(F) ]S-bWn (_n) IW-ym¿Ifn(kn) sXøw (Un) ]pen-Ifn

10. sP.-kn.-Um-\n-tb¬ Ahm-¿Uv t\SnbBZy h\nX

(F) Ihn-bq¿ s]m∂Ω(_n) iohn-Zy(kn) Bd-∑pf s]m∂Ω(Un) joe

11. tIcf Xpf-ko-Zmkv F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv(F) h≈-tØmƒ(_n) Ipam-c-\m-im≥(kn) shÆn-°pfw tKm]m-e-°p-dp∏v(Un) Nß-ºpg IrjvW-]n≈

12. tImg-t©cn ]kw-K-Ønt‚ t]cn¬AdÃv sNø-s∏´ t\Xmhv(F) kn.-tI-i-h≥(_n) Sn.-Fw.-h¿Kokv(kn) ]´w XmWp-]n≈(Un) F.-sP.-tPm¨

13. apeq¿ kvamcIw Fhn-sS-bm-Wv?(F) Ce-hpw-Xn´ (_n) sImSp-a¨(kn) Xncp-h√ (Un) Bd-∑pf

14. tIcf \nb-a-k-`-bn¬ Bd-∑pf aWvU-esØ ]Xn-\n-[m\w sNbvX Ihn

Jharkhand

1. Koderma mines is famous for:(a) Mica (b) Gold(c) Silver (d) Zinc

2. Jharkhand is known as the ...... state ofIndia:(a) Tiger (b) Mineral(c) Forest (d) Gold

3. What is mainly obtained from Jhariamines?(a) Uranium (b) Iron(c) Coal (d) Petroleum

4. Jharkhand is the ..... state of India:(a) 25th (b) 26th(c) 27th (d) 28th

5. Jaduguda mines is related to:(a) Uranium (b) Coal(c) Petroleum (d) Mica

6. Jharkhand was formed by the bifurcation of :(a) Madhya Pradesh (b) Bihar(c) UP (d) West Bengal

7. ........was the other proposed name ofJharkahand area(a) Telangana (b) Vindhya Pradesh(c) Vananchal (d) Vidharbha

8. Central Mining Research Station is in:

15. Jharkhand was formed on 15th November,2000 through the ..... th amendment of theConstitution.(a) 81 (b) 82(c) 83 (d) 84

16. India’s first large scale Iron & steel factorywas established at(a) Jamshedpur. (b) Ranchi(c) Sindri (d) Dhanbad

17. The headquarters of the National CoalDevelopment Corporation:(a) Dhanbad (b) Ranchi(c) Jamshedpur (d) Sindri

18. Which tiger reserve is in Jharkhand?(a) Palamau (b) Sariska(c) Nagarjuna (d) None of these

19. The first fertilizer factory in independentIndia was established at:(a) Ranchi (b) Sindri(c) Hasaribagh (d) Jamshedpur

20. The first ISO 9005 certified city in India:(a) Chandigarh (b) Bangalore(c) Ranchi (d) Jamshedpur.

21. ...... is a Uranium mine in Jharkhnad:

(a) Jharia (b) Banduhurang(c) Koderma (d) Raniganj

22. The only town in India whose municipalityis governed by a corporate house.(a) Jamshedpur (b) Ranchi(c) Hasaribagh (d) Dhanbad

23. The first well-planned industrial city of India:

(a) Palamau (b) Dhanbad(c) Ranchi (d) Jamshedpur

24. India’s biggest explosives factory is at:(a) Ranchi (b) Gomia(c) Sindri (d) Jamshedpur

25. Which city is commonly called “TataNagar”?(a) Ranchi (b) Dhanbad(c) Jamshedpur (d) Sindri

Answers

1 (a) 2(b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5(a) 6(b) 7(c) 8(b) 9(a)10(a) 11(b) 12(c) 13(c) 14(d) 15(d) 16(a) 17(b)18(a) 19(b) 20(d) 21(b) 22(a) 23(d) 24(b) 25(c)

Practice Questions]Ø-\w-Xn´

Practice Questions

(F) H.-F≥.-hn.-Ip-dp∏v(_n) IS-Ω-\n´(kn) sNΩ-\w-Nmt°m(Un) cma-Ir-jvW≥

15. tIc-f -Ønse Xmdmhv hf¿Ø¬tIµw(F) \ncWw (_n) ]¥fw(kn) ASq¿ (Un) ]º

16. B\-I-fpsS Aÿn-Iƒ apgp -h≥]Z¿in-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂ ayq-knbw(F) tIm∂n (_n) Khn(kn) ]¥fw (Un) Xncp-h√

17. ]Ø-\w-Xn´ Pn√-bn¬ lnµp-aX ktΩ-f\w \S-°p∂ ÿew(F) ASq¿ (_n) sNdp-tIm¬∏pg(kn) \ncWw (Un) Bd-∑pf

18. ]Ø-\w -Xn´ Pn√ -bnse GIsdbn¬th kvt‰j≥(F) ASq¿ (_n) Bd-∑pf(kn) ]Ø-\w-Xn´ (Un) Xncp-h√

19. Z£nW `mKo-cYn F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv(F) `mc-X-∏pg (_n) s]cn-bm¿(kn) ]º (Un) Nmen-bm¿

20. tIc-f-Ønse G‰hpw henb t^mdÃvUnhn-j≥(F) AK-kvX-y-ae (_n) dm∂n(kn) \neºq¿(Un) s\√n-bm-ºXn

Answers

1(C) 2(C) 3(B) 4(D) 5(B) 6(A) 7(B) 8(D) 9(A) 10(C)

11(C) 12(A) 13(A) 14(B) 15(A) 16(B) 17(B) 18(D)

19(C) 20(B)

(a) Ranchi (b) Dhanbad(c) Jamshedpur (d) Bokaro

9. The country supported to set up BokaroSteel Plant:(a) former USSR (b) Britain(c) Germany (d) China

10. Which is known as Steel city in India?(a) Jamshedpur (b) Ranchi(c) Hasaribagh (d) Dhanbad

11. City of Waterfalls:

(a) Jamshedpur (b) Ranchi(c) Dhanbad (d) Hasaribagh

12. City of thousand gardens:(a) Dhanbad (b) Jamshedpur(c) Hasaribagh (d) Ranchi

13. Coal capital of India:(a) Hasaribagh (b) Ranchi(c) Dhanbad (d) Jamshedpur

14. Pittsburg of India:(a) Ranchi (b) Hasaribagh(c) Koderma (d) Jamshedpur

2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 15

]tXyIXIƒ* C¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- [m-Xp-k-º-∂-am-b-

kw-ÿm-\w-*- -h-\m-©¬- F-∂pw- A-dn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂- kw-

ÿm-\w-*- -_n¿-km- ap-≠-bp-sS- P-∑-hm¿-jn-I-Øn¬-

\n-e-hn¬-h-∂- kw-ÿm-\-am-Wv- Pm¿-J-Wv-Uv.-

*- -Ip-‰n-°m-Sp-I-fp-sS- \m-Sv- F-∂v- t]-cn-\¿-Y-ap-≈- kw-ÿm-\w.

BZysØXv* C¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- B-kq-Xn-X-˛-hy-

h-km-b- \-K-cw-˛- Pw-j-Uv-]q¿-*- -H-cp- tIm¿-∏-td-‰v- ÿm-]-\-Øm¬- (Sm-‰-)-

\n-b-¥n-°-s∏-Sp-∂- C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- \-K-cw-˛- Pw-j-Uv-]q¿-

*- -Pm¿-J-Wv-Un-s‚- B-Zy-sØ- ap-Jy-a-¥n-˛- _m-_p-em¬- a-dm-≠n-

*- -kz-X-¥- C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- h-fw-\n¿-am-W-im-e-˛- kn-‘n-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- sF.-F-kv.-H.-9005 k¿-ń-ss^-Uv- \-K-cw-˛- Pw-j-Uv-]q¿-

*- -X-t±-io-b-am-b- D-]-I-c-W-ß-fpw- ]-cn-⁄m-\-hpw- [m-cm-f-am-bn- D-]-tbm-Kn-®-Xn-\m¬- C-¥y-bp-sS- B-Zy-sØ- kz-tZ-in-Ão¬- πm-s‚-∂v- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-kw-cw-`-am-Wv- s_m-°m-tdm- (1965).-C-Xv-\n¿-an-®-Xv- tkm-hn-b-‰v- bq-Wn-b-s‚- k-l-I-c-W-tØm-sS-bm-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- kz-Im-cy-ta-J-e-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- kv-‰o¬- πm-‚ v- \n¿-an-®- ÿ-e-am-Wv- Pw-j-Uv-]q¿.-

*- -_n- n-jp-Im¿-s°-Xn-sc- B-bp-[-sa-Sp-Ø-

B-Zy-sØ- B-Zn-hm-kn-b-mWv Baba TilkaManjhi.

* ]Z-hnbn-en-cn-s°- sIm-e-]m-X-I-°p-‰-Øn-\v- in-£n-°-s∏- - B-Zy-sØ- tI-µ-a-¥n-bm-Wv- jn-_p- tkm-d-≥.-

*- -Pm¿-J-Wv-Uv- ap-Jy-a-¥n-bm-b- kz-X-¥-\m-Wv- a-[p- tIm-U- (2006).-

*- -Zm-tam-Z¿- hm-en- tIm¿-∏-td-j-s‚- B-Zy-L-´-am-bn- \n¿-an-®- \m-ev- aƒ-ń- ]¿-∏-kv-A-W-s°- p-I-fn¬- B-Zy-tØ-Xm-Wv- sIm-U¿-a- Pn-√-bn¬- _-cm-I¿- \-Zn-bn¬- \n¿-an-®n-cn-°p-∂- Xn-e-ø- A-W-s°-´v- (1953).-

*- -l-km-cn-_m-Kv- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv- Zm-tam-Z¿-hm-en- tIm¿-∏-td-j-s‚- `m-K-am-b- c-≠m-a-sØ- A-W-s°-´m-b- tIm-\m¿- Umw-(1955).- C-Xv- Zm-tam-Z-dn-s‚- t]m-j-I-\-Zn-bm-b- tIm-\m-dn-em-Wv.-

*- - _-cm-I¿- \-Zn-bn-se- ssa-tØm-¨- Um-an-t\m-S-\p-_-‘-am-bn- m-Wv- sX-°-t\-jy-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- `q-K¿-`- ssh-Zyp-Xn- \n-e-bw- \n¿-an-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- (1957).-

*- -[-≥_m-Zv- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv- Zm-tam-Z¿- hm-en-tIm¿-∏-td-j-s‚- `m-K-am-b- \m-em-a-sØ-A-W-s°--´mb Panchet Dam (1959).Zmtam-Z¿ \Zn-bn-emWv Cu AW-s°- v.

* ssS_¬- hn-`m-K-°m-c-\-√m-Ø- B-Zy-sØ- Pm¿-J-Wv-Uv- ap-Jy-a-¥n-bm-Wv- c-Lp-h¿- Zm-kv- (2014).-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬- K-h¿-W¿- ]-Z-hn-bn-se-Øn-b-B-Zy-sØ- ssS-_¬- h-\n-X-bm-Wv- Zu-]-Zn- ap¿-ap- (2015).- H-Un-j-bm-Wv- kz-¥w-kw-ÿ-m-\w.

kq∏¿te‰ohpIƒ* C¥y-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- ssa-°-(58.-

5 i-X-am-\w-),- B-kv-s_-tÃm-kv- (53 i-X-am-\w-)- F-∂n-h- D¬-]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv-˛-Pm¿-J-Wv-Uv-

*- -Pm¿-J-Wv-Un-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- \-K-cw-˛- Pw-j-Uv-]q¿- (X-e-ÿm-\w- dm-©n-bm-Wv-).-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- ]-g-°-ap-≈- Ão¬-πm-‚ v- Pw-j-Uv-]q-c-nse Tata Iron andSteel Company or TISCO.

* tOm´m-\m-Kv]q¿ ]oT- q-an-bnse G‰hpwhenb \KcamWv PwjUv]q¿.

* tOm´m-\m-Kv]q¿ ]oT-`q-an-bneqsS Hgp-Ip∂ G‰hpw \ofw IqSnb \Zn-bmWvZmtam-Z¿.

A]c\maßƒ* C¥y-bp-sS- I¬-°-cn- X-e-ÿm-\-w (Coal

Capital of India) F∂dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛-[-≥_m-Zv-

*- -sh-≈-®m-´-ß-fp-sS- \-K-cw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛- dm-©n-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- D-cp-°p-\-K-cw-˛- Pw-j-Uv-]q¿-*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- hym-h-km-bn-I- X-e-ÿm-\w-

F-∂v- Pw-j-Uv-]q-cn-s\- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°m-dp-≠v.-

*- -Pw-j-Uv-]q-cn-se- sd-bn¬-th- tÃ-j-s‚-t]-cv- Sm-‰m-\-K¿- F-∂m-b-Xn-\m¬- Cu-]-´-Ww- Sm-‰m-\-K¿- F-∂pw- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -B-bn-cw- D-Zym-\-ß-fp-sS- \-K-cw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- l-km-cn-_m-Km-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- ]n-‰v-kv-_¿-Kv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Pw-j-Uv-]q-cm-Wv.- A-ta-cn-°-bn-se-C-cp-ºp-cp-°v- ]-tZ-i-am-b- ]n-‰v-kv-_¿-Kn-s\- A-\p-kv-a-cn-®m-Wv- Cu- hn-ti-j--Ww.

][m\s∏´ hkvXpXIƒ* GXp- kw-ÿm-\w- hn-`-Pn-®m-Wv- Pm¿-J-

Wv-Uv- cq-]-h¬-°-cn-®-Xv-˛- _o-lm¿- (84a-sØ- `-c-W-L-S-\m-t`-Z-K-Xn-bn-eq-sS-)-

*- -Pm¿-J-Wv-Uv- ap-‡n- tam¿-®- F-∂- cm-jv-So-b- ]m¿-ń-bp-sS- Nn-”w- Aºpw hn√p-am-Wv.

* lkm-cn-_m-Kv-h-\y-Po-hn-kw-c-£-W-tI-

µw-G-Xp-kw-ÿm-\-Øm-Wv-˛- Pm¿-J-Wv-Uv-*- -A-`-J-\n-bm-b- sIm-S¿-a- G-Xp- kw-ÿm-

\-Øm-Wv-˛- Pm¿-J-Wv-U-*- -]-e-am-hp- ssS-K¿- dn-k¿-hv- G-Xp- kw-

ÿm-\-Øv-˛- Pm¿-J-Wv-Uvv-*- -Pm¿-J-Wv-Un-se- sN-ºv- J-\n-Iƒ-˛- kn-

Mv-`pw,- Kn-cn-Zn-l-*- -]-e-am-hp- ssS-K¿- dn-k¿-hv- G-Xv- kw-ÿm-

\-Øm-Wv-˛- Pm¿-J-Wv-Uv-*- -Pm¿-J-Wv-Un-s‚- D-]-X-e-ÿ-m-\ (sub

capital)-amWv Dumka.* Pm¿J-WvUv t\cnSp∂ Hcp ][m\

]iv\-amWv \Ivk--sse-‰p-I-fp-sSbpwamthm-bn-Ãp-I-fp-sSbpw km∂n-[yw.

* kph¿W-tcJ \Zn-bpsS Xoc-ØmWvPwj-Uv]q¿.

* Pm¿J-WvUns‚ \s√m-cp-`mKw tOm´m-\m-Kv]q¿ ]oT-`q-an-bm-Wv.

* dm©n- hn-am-\-Øm-h-fw- _n¿-km- ap-≠-bp-sS- kv-a-c-Wm¿-Yw- \m-a-I-c-Ww- sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p.-

*- -t_-Sv-e- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- Pm¿-J-Wv-Un-em-Wv. Bison, Elephant, Tiger, Leopard,Axis-axis F∂o t]cp-I-fpsS acronym

BWv t_Sve.

* lnµn-bm-Wv- Pm¿-J-Wv-Un-se- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- `m-j.-

*- -Pm¿-J-Wv-Uv- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bp-sS- B-ÿm-\w- dm-©n-bm-Wv.-

*- -tOm- m-\m-Kv-]q¿- ]o-T- q-an-bp-sS- hn-kv-Xo¿-Ww- 65,-000 N-Xp-c-i- In-tem-ao-‰-dm-Wv.-

*- -Zm-tam-Z-dn-s‚- ]-[m-\- t]m-j-I-\-Zn-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wv- _-cm--I¿.

][m\ hy‡nIƒ* ]m¿e-sa‚ns‚ sk≥S¬ lmfn¬ t]m-

S -bn‰ v ]Z¿in -°-s∏´ BZysØssS_¬ t\Xm-hmWv _n¿k ap≠.tKmX -h¿K -°m -cpsS t\Xm -hmb_n¿k ap≠ kzmX¥ykactk\m-\n-sb∂ \ne-bn-epw kvac-Wo-b-\m-Wv.

* Sidhu Murmu, Kanhu Murmu F∂n-h-

cm-bn-cp∂p k¥mƒ Iem-]-Øns‚ (1855-˛56)t\Xm-°ƒ.

* AsºbvØv Xmc-amb Zo]nIm IpamcnPm¿JWv-Uv- kz-tZ-in-bm-Wv.-

*- -]-i-kv-X- In-°-‰¿- a-tl-µ- kn-Mv- t[m-Wn- P-\n-®-Xv- dm-©n-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -1928˛¬- C-¥y-≥ tlm-°n- Sow- B-Zy-am-bn- H-fn-ºn-Iv-kn¬- kz¿-Ww- t\-Sn-b-t∏mƒ-Iym-]v-‰-\m-bn-cp-∂-Xv- P-bv-]m¬- kn-Mv- ap-s≠- B-bn-cp-∂p.- C-t±-lw- `-c-W-L-S-\-\n¿-am-W-k-`-bn-epw- Aw-K-am-bn-cp-∂p.

][m\ ÿm]\ßƒ* Io\w tÃUnbw Pwj-Uv]q-cn-em-Wv.* sk≥S¬ ssa\nMv dnk¿®v tÃj≥

FhnsSbmWv˛ [≥_mZv* 1950 \-hw-_¿- 26 -\v- P-hm-l¿-em¬- s\-lp-

\m-j-W¬- sa-‰-e¿-Pn-°¬- e-t_m-d- -dn- D-Zv-Lm-S-\w- sN-bv-X-Xv- Pw-j-Uv-]q-cn-em-Wv.-

* sk≥S¬ emIv dnk¿®v C≥Ãn‰yq´v(Indian Institute of Natural Resins andGums), sk≥S¬ C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^vsskIymSn F∂nh dm©nbnemWv.

* tkhy¿ te_¿ dnte-j≥kv C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Pwj-Uv]q--cn-em-Wv.

* C¥y-≥ kv-Iqƒ- Hm- v- ssa-≥kv- [-≥_m-Zn-em-Wv.-

*- -Sm-‰- B¿-®-dn- A-°m-Z-an- Pw-j-Uv-]q-cn-em-Wv.-

*- -N-µ-]p-c- sX¿-a¬- ]-h¿- tÃ-j-≥ s_m-°m-tdm Pn√-bn-em-Wv.

Ipg∏n°p∂hkvXpXIƒ

* C¥ybn-se- B-Zy-sØ- Ão¬- πm-‚ v- A-b- - h¿-°v- I-º-\n- 1870˛¬- Ipƒ- n-bn¬-(_w-Kmƒ-)- ÿm-]n-®-Xm-Wv.- F-∂m¬- h-≥tXm-Xn-ep-≈- D¬-]m-Z-\w- B-cw-`n-®-Xv-Sm-‰- A-b- - B-‚ v- Ão¬- I-º-\n- 1907˛¬-Pw-j-Uv-]q-cn¬- ]-h¿-Ø-\w- Xp-S-ßn-b-tXmsSbmWv.

A]q¿h hkvXpXIƒ* PmZp-Kp-U- J-\n- G-Xp- [m-Xp-hn-\p- ]-

kn-≤w-˛- bp-td-\n-bw-*- -Pm¿-J-Wv-Un-se- tKm-X-h¿-K- t\-Xm-°-

fm-bn-cp-∂- kn-t[m,- I-t™m,- _n¿-k- F-∂n-h-cp-sS- kv-a-c-Wm¿-Yw- \m-a-I-c-Ww-sN-ø-s∏- - kn-t[m- I-t™m _n¿-k- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bp-sS- B-ÿm-\w- ]-›n-a-_w-Km-fn-se- ]p-cp-en-b-bn-em-Wv.- _w-Kmƒ-K-h¿-W-dm-Wv- C-Xn-s‚- Nm-≥k-e¿.-

*- -Pw-j-Uv-]q-cn-s‚- b-Ym¿-Y- t]-cv- k-Iv-Nn-F-∂m-Wv.- ssh-tkm-bn- sN-kv-t^m-Uv-]-`p-hm-Wv- Pw-j-Uv-Pn- Sm-‰-tbm-Sp-≈- B-Z-c-kq-N-I-am-bn- Pw-j-Uv-]q¿- F-∂- t]-cv- \¬-In-b-Xv- (1919).-

*- -]-Øp-e-£-Øn¬- Iq-Sp-X¬- P-\-kw-Jy-bp-s≠-¶n-epw- ap-\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-b-√m-Ø-G-I- C-¥y-≥ ]-´-W-am-Wv- Pw-j-Uv-]q¿.-

*- -_n¿-km- ap-≠- hn-am-\-Øm-h-fw- -dm-©n-*- -P-cn-b- J-\n-bn¬-\n-∂p- e-`n-°p-∂- [m-Xp-

˛- I¬-°-cn-

_olm-dn -s\- hn-`-Pn -®v - sX-°-≥ ]-tZ-i-ßƒ- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn- cq-]-h-Xv -I-cn -®- Pm¿-J-Wv -Uv - C-¥y-bn-se- 28˛-a-sØ- kw-ÿm-\-am-bn-2000 \-hw-_¿- 15˛-\v - \n -e-hn¬-h-∂p.- ]p-cm-X-\- Im-e-tØm-fw- ]-g-°-ap-≈- kmw-kv -Im-cn -I-˛-cm-jv -So -b- k-hn-ti-j-X-Iƒ- In-g-°-≥C-¥y-bn-se- Cu- `q-hn-`m-K-Øn-\v - kz-¥-am-Wv. - ap-≠- tKm-X-Øn-s‚-km-∂n-[yw- Pm¿-J-Wv-Un-s‚- k-hn-ti-j-X-bm-Wv. - _n-ń -jv - `-c-W-Im-e-Øv- C-hn-Sw- k-¥mƒ- I-em-]-Øn-\pw- ap-≠m- I-em-]-Øn-\pw- th-Zn -bm-bn. - 14 tem-Iv -k-`mw-K-ß-fpw- B-dv - cm-Py-k-`mw-K-ß-fp-ap-≈-kw-ÿm-\-Øv- 81 \n-b-a-k-`mw-K-ß-fm-W-p≈Xv.

Pm¿JWvUv C¥y≥ kwÿm-\-ßƒ

16 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15

BZysØXv* temIØm-Zy-am-bn- lr-Z-b-am-‰- i-kv-X-

In-b- (1967)- \-S-∂- cm-Py-am-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°.-

*- -tem-I- I-∏v- p-Sv-t_m-fn-\v- th-Zn-bm-b- B-Zy-sØ- B-^n-°-≥ cm-Py-am-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°.-

*- -cm-Py-sØ- B-Zy- I-dp-Ø- h¿-K-°m-c-\m-

b- ]-kn-U-‚m-Wv- s\¬-k-¨- a-t≠-e-(1994˛-99).-

*- -B-^n-°-≥ h-≥I-c-bn¬- s\m-t_¬- k-Ωm-\-Øn-\¿-l-\m-b- B-Zy-sØ- I-dp-Ø-h¿-K-°m-c-\m-Wv- B¬-_¿-´v- ep-Xp-en-(1960˛-k-am-[m-\w-).-

*- H-tc- enw-K-]-Z-hn-bp-≈-h¿- X-Ωn-ep-≈- hn-hm-lw- (sk-bnw- sk-Iv-kvam-tcy-Pv-)- \n-b-a-hn-t[-b-am-°n-b- B-Zy- B-^n-°-≥cm-jv-S-am-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-° (2006).

kq∏¿te‰ohpIƒ* In-kv-Xp-a-X-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-Wv- cm-Py-Øv-

G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈-Xv.-*- -B-^n-°-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- hym-h-km-bn-I-

]p-tcm-K-Xn- ssI-h-cn-®n-´p-≈- cm-jv-S-am-b- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bv-°v- ]-Xn-s\m-∂v- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- `m-j-I-fp-≠v.- A-©p-`m-j-I-fn¬- h-cn-I-fp-≈- tZ-io-b-Km-\-ap-≈- cm-Py-am-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°.-

*- -s_m-fo-hn-b- (34),- C-¥y-(22)- F-∂n-h- I-gn-™m¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- m-j-I-fp-≈- cm-Py-am-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°.-

*- -tem-I-Øv- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- F-bv-Uv-kv- _m-[n-X-cp-≈- cm-Py-am-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°.-

*- -ku-Øv- B-^n-°-bn¬- 1905˛¬- I-s≠-

Sp-Ø- I-≈n-\-≥ B-Wv- tem-I-Øn-se-G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- h-Pw.-

*- -sX-t°-b-‰-sØ- B-^n-°-≥ cm-jv-S-am-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°.-

*- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-≥ P-\-X-bp-sS- 80 i-X-am-\-Øn¬-]-cw- h-cp-∂- I-dp-Ø- h¿-K-°m-cm-Wv- cm-Py-sØ- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- P-\-

hn-`m-Kw.-*- -sPm-l-∂-kv-s_¿-Kv- tÃm-Iv- F-Iv-kv-tN-

©m-Wv- B-^n-°-≥ h-≥I-c-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- tÃm-Iv- F-Iv-kv-tN-©v.-

*- -]-Xn-s\m-∂v- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- `m-j-I-fp-≈-cm-Py-am-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°- (Afrikaans,English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho,Sotho, Swazi, Tswana, Tsonga, Venda,Xhosa, Zulu).

* Z£n-Wm-^n-°-bn-se- A-h-km-\-sØ- I-dp-Ø- h¿-K-°m-c-\m-b- ]-kn-U-‚m-Wv- F-^v.-U-_v-fyp.- Un- ¢¿-°v.

A]c\maßƒ* aghn¬- cm-jv-Sw- (sd-bn-≥t_m- t\-j-≥)-

F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-sb-kz¿-W-Øn-s‚-bpw- h-P-Øn-s‚-bpw- \m-Sv- F-∂pw- hn-fn-°m-dp-≠v.-

*- -k-ap-Z-Øn-se- k-Xw- (Ta vern of theSea) F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Z£n--Wm-^n-°-bm-Wv.

* Km‘n-Pn-bp-sS- cm-jv-So-b- ]-co-£-W-im-e- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bn-em-Wv- Km-‘n-Pn B-Zy- k-Xym-K-lw- kw-L-Sn-∏n-®-Xv.- A-Xn-\m¬- k-Xym-K-l-Øn-s‚- P-∑-`q-an- F-∂pw- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bp-sS- \o-Xn-\ym-b- X-e-ÿm-\w- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- tªmw-t^m-t≠≥ B-Wv.-

*- -Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bp-sS- -c-W- X-e-ÿm-\w-F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- ]n-t´m-dn-b.-

*- -Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bp-sS- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W- X-e-ÿm-\w- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- tI-]v- Su-¨.-

*- -am-Un-_- F-∂- A-]-c-\m-a-Øn-e-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv- s\¬-k-¨- a-t≠-e-bm-Wv.-

*- -s\¬-k-¨- a-t≠-e-bm-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-≥ Km-‘n- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- kmw-_n-b-bp-sS- ]-Y-a- ]-kn-U-‚m-b- sI-∂-Xv- Iu-≠-sb-bm-Wv- B-^n-°-≥ Km-‘n-F-∂p- hn-fn-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- -Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bp-sS- cm-jv-S-]n-Xm-hv-s\¬-k-¨- a-t≠-e-bm-Wv.-

]-[m-\-s∏- - h-kv-Xp-X-Iƒ-*- -bp-ssW-‰-Uv- In-Mv-U-Øn¬-\n-∂m-Wv- Z-

£n-Wm-^n-°- kzm-X-¥yw- t\-Sn-b-Xv.-*- -kp-ep- h¿-K-°m¿- Xm-a-kn-°p-∂- cm-Py-

am-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°.- \-ao-_n-b- kzm-X-¥yw- t\-Sn-b-Xv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bn¬-\n-∂m-Wv.-

*- -t_m-b¿- bp-≤w- \-S-∂- cm-Py-am-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°.-

*- -dm-≥Uv- B-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bp-sS- \m-W-bw.-

*- -B-^n-°-≥ \m-j-W¬- tIm-¨-K-kv- cq-]w-sIm-≠-Xv- 1912˛-em-Wv.- B-ÿm-\w-tPm-l-∂-kv-s_¿-Kn-em-Wv.-

*- -1961 -em-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°- dn-∏-_v-fn-°m-b-Xv.-

*- -Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bn¬- 9 ]-hn-iy-I-fm-Wp-≈-Xv.-

*- -\m-\m-Xz-Øn¬- G-I-Xzw- (bq-Wn-‰n- C-≥ssU-th-gv-kn-‰n-)- F-∂-Xm-Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bp-sS- ]-am-W-hm-Iyw.-

]-[m-\- hy-‡n-Iƒ-*- -X-s‚- cm-„o-b- ]-Xn-tbm-Kn-bm-b- F-^v.-

U-_v-fyp.- Un- ¢¿-°p-am-bn- s\¬-k-¨-a-t≠-e- 1993˛¬- k-am-[m-\- s\m-t_¬-k-Ωm-\w- ]-¶n-´p.-

*- -k-am-[m-\- s\m-t_¬- ss]-kv- (1984),-

sSw-]nƒ-S-¨- ]p-c-kv-Im-cw- F-∂n-h-bv-°v-A¿-l-\m-b- sU-kv-a-≠v- Sp-´p- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-°m-c-\m-Wv.-

*- -_-ln-cm-Im-i-Øp-t]m-b- B-Zy-sØ- B-^n-°-°m-c-\m-Wv- am¿-°v- j- n¬-h¿-Øv.-

*- -ip-`-]-Xo-£m- ap-\-ºv- Np-‰n- k-©-cn-®-B-Zy-sØ- bq-tdm-]y-\m-Wv- s_¿-Ø-tem-ay- U-b-kv- (1488).-

*- -s\¬-k-¨- a-t≠-e-bv-°p-ti-jw- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-≥ ]-kn-U-‚m-b-Xv- Xm-t_m-Fw-_-°n-bm-Wv- (1999).-

]-[m-\- ÿ-e-ßƒ-*- -]-ikv-X- h-P-J-\n-bm-b- Inw-_¿-en-bpw-

Iq-K¿- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-hpw- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -Km-‘n-Pn- Xo-h-≠n-bn¬-\n-∂v- ]p-d-Øm-°-s∏-´- sd-bn¬-th- tÃ-j-\m-Wv- ]o-‰¿-am-cn-‰-kv-s_¿-Kv.-

*- -t]m¿-´v- F-en-k-_-Øv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -Cu-Ãv- e-≠-≥ F-∂- B-^n-°-≥ Xp-d-ap-J- ]-´-Ww- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bn-e-mWv.

Z£nWm^n°]tXyIXIƒ

* B^n°bpsS sXt° ap\ºn¬ ÿnXnsNøp∂ cmPyamWvZ£nWm^n°.

* `cWLS\m[njvTnX ]m¿esa‚dn dn∏ªn°mWv Z£nWm^n°.ZznaWvUe ]m¿esa‚n¬ \mjW¬ Akwªnbpw \mjW¬Iu¨knepw Dƒs∏Sp∂p.

* A∏m¿ØoUv AYhm h¿WhnthN\w \ne\n∂ncp∂ cmPyamWvZ£nWm^n°.

* temIØv hnkvXo¿W-Øn¬ 25-˛mw ÿm\-ap≈ cmPy-amWv Z£n--Wm-^n-°.

* B^n-°≥ `qJ-WvU-Ønse c≠m-asØ henb kºZv hy-h-ÿ(H∂mw ÿm\Øv ss\Po-cn-b).

temI-Pm-eIw

Ipg∏n°p∂hkvXpXIƒ

* a‰v ]m¿esa-‚-dn- dn-∏-ªn-°p-I-fn¬-\n-∂v-hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-≥ ]-kn-U-‚ v- cm-jv-S-Øn-s‚-bpw- K-h-¨-sa-‚n-s‚-bpw- X-e-h-\m-Wv.-

*- -Z-£n-Wm-b-\-tc-J- c-≠p-]m-h-iyw- ap-dn-®p-I-S-s∂m-gp-Ip-∂- \-Zn-bm-Wv- enw-t]m-t]m.- `q-a-[y-tc-J- c-≠p-]m-h-iyw- ap-dn-®p-I-S-s∂m-gp-Ip-∂- \-Zn-bm-Wv- tImw-tKm.-

*- -ip-`-]-Xo-£m- ap-\-ºv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bn-em-Wv.- F-∂m¬,- B-^n-°-≥ h-≥I-c-bp-sS- sX-t°-b-‰w- tI-]v- A-Kp¬-l-kv-B-Wv.-

*- -Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bp-sS- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS- B-ÿm-\w- _v-tfmw-t^m-t≠-≥.-`-c-W-L-S-\m- tIm-S-Xn- kv-Yn-Xn- sN-øp-∂-Xv- sPm-l-∂-kv-s_¿-Kn-em-Wv.-

*- -1961˛¬- tIm-a-¨-sh¬-Øv- hn-´- Z-£n-Wm- ^n -°- ho -≠pw - Aw-K -am -b -Xv -1994˛¬- B-Wv.-

A]q¿h hkvXpXIƒ* aq∂v- X-e-ÿm-\-ß-fp-≈- G-I- cm-Py-am-

Wv- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°. ]n-t´m-dn-b- ( -c-Ww-),-tI-]v-Su-¨- (\n-b-a-\n¿-am-Ww-),- tªmw-t^m-t≠-≥ (\o-Xn-\ym-bw-)- F-∂n-h-bm-Wv- aq-∂v- X-e-ÿm-\- \-K-c-ßƒ.- F-∂m¬,- cm-Py-sØ- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- \-K-cw- tPm-l-∂-kv-s_¿-Km-Wv.-

*- -se-tkm-sØ-sb- ]q¿-W-am-bpw- Np-‰n-ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂- cm-Pyw- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bm-Wv.-

*- -27 h¿-j-am-Wv- a-t≠-e- P-bn¬-hm-kw- A-\p-`-hn-®-Xv.- t]mƒ-kv-aq¿- P-bn¬,- tdm-_-≥ sF-e-≥Uv- F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-em-bn-cp-∂p-a-t≠-e-bp-sS- P-bn¬-hm-kw.-

*- -c-≠v- B-^n-°-≥ cm-jv-S-ß-fp-sS- ]-Y-a- h-\n-X-bm-b- hy-‡n-bm-Wv- tK-°m- am-tj¬.- knw-_mw-_v-sh-bp-sS- ]-Y-a- ]-kn-U-‚m-bn-cp-∂- k-tam-d- am-tj-en-s‚-]-Xv-\n-bm-bn-cp-∂- A-h¿- 1998˛¬- s\¬-k-¨- a-t≠-e-bp-sS- m-cy-bm-bn.- 1986˛¬-Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bn¬- H-cp- hn-am-\m-]-I-S-Øn-em-Wv- k-tam-d- am-tj¬- a-cn-®-Xv.-

]tXyIwHm¿Øncnt°≠h

* Km‘nPn- C-¥y-≥ H-∏o-\n-b-≥ F-∂- ]-kn-≤o-I-c-Ww- B-cw-`n-®-Xpw- t\-‰mƒ- C-¥y-≥ tIm-¨-K-kv- ÿm-]n-®-Xpw- Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -Km-‘n-Pn- tSmƒ-tÃm-bn- ^m-apw- ô-\n-Iv-kv- sk-‰n¬-sa-‚pw- ÿm-]n-®-Xpw- Z-£n-

Wm-^n-°-bn-em-Wv.-*- -tS-_nƒ- au-≠-≥ \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- Z-

£n-Wm-^n-°-bn-em-Wv.- C-Xv- tI-]v- Su-Wn-\p- k-ao-]-am-Wv.-

*- -s\¬-k-¨- a-t≠-e-bp-sS- B-fl-I-Y-bm-Wv- tem-Mv- hm-Iv- Sp- ôUw.

2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 17

1. The second largest economy in Africa:(a) Egypt (b) Nigeria(c) Sudan (d) South Africa

2. South Africa is known as:(a) Rainbow Land (b) Rainbow Nation(c) Heart of Africa (d) Horn of Africa

3. The legislative capital of South Africa:(a) Pretoria (b) Johannesburg(c) Cape Town (d) Bloemfontein

4. The administrative capital of South Africa:(a) Durban (b) Cape Town(c) Bloemfontein (d) Pretoria

5. The judicial capital of South Africa:(a) Bloemfontein (b) Durban(c) Pretoria (d) Cape Town

6. The new name of Pretoria:(a) Tshwane (b) Durban(c) Johannesburg (d) Natal

7. South Africa is known as the “Land ofGold and .........’.(a) Milk (b) Diamond(c) Honey (d) Silver

8. Kimberley mines in South Africa is famous for:(a) Petroleum (b) Copper(c) Gold (d) Coal

9. Former name of Cape of Good Hope:(a) Cape Horn (b) Cape Agulhas(c) Cape of Storms (d) Cape Kennedy

10.Which is known as the ‘Tavern of the seas’?(a) Durban (b) Cape Town(c) Pretoria (d) Pretoria

11.The policy of racial discrimination that wasadopted by the White government duringthe period 1948-1991.(a) Apartheid (b) Ghetto(c) Holocaust (d) None of these

12.In which place Gandhiji founded Phoenixsettlement in 1904?(a) Johannesberg (b) Petermaritesberg(c) Durban (d) Pretoria

13.In which place Gandhiji founded TolstoyFarm in 1910?(a) Durban (b) Cape Town(c) Pretoria (d) Johannesburg

14.South African leader Nelson Mandelaspent ...... years in prison.(a) 21 (b) 27(c) 30 (d) 24

15.Nelson Mandela was released from jail in:(a) 1988 (b) 1989(c) 1990 (d) 1991

16.The first black to become the president ofSouth Africa:(a) FW De Clarke (b) Tabo Mbeki(c) Nelson Mandela (d) Jacob Zuma

17.Which is known as Golden City?

(a) Johannesburg (b) Durban(c) Pretoria (d) Cape Town

18.In which year Nelson Mandela became thepresident of South Africa?(a) 1991 (b) 1992(c) 1993 (d) 1994

19.The first heart transplant surgery in the

world was done by Dr. Christian Bernard in.......on December 3, 1967.(a) Cape Town (b) Pretoria(c) Johannesburg (d) Durban

20. ....... obtained from South Africa is the

sba≥* ]›n-ta-jy-bn-se- H-cp- A-d-_v- cm-Py-am-

Wv- sb-a-≥.- X-e-ÿm-\w- km-\.- (2015s^-_p-h-cn- ap-X¬- Cu- \-K-cw- hn-a-X-cp-sS- ]n-Sn-bn-em-b-Xn-\m¬- G-U-\n-te-°v-`-c-W-tI-µw- am-‰n-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv-)- \m-W-bw- sb-a-\n- dn-bm¬.-

*- -A-td-_y-≥ D-]-Zzo-]n-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- c-≠m-a-sØ- cm-Py-am-Wv- sb-a-≥.- A-d-_v- tem-I-sØ- G-‰-hpw- Z-cn-Z-cm-jv-S-am-Wn-Xv.-

*- -D-Ø-c- sb-a-≥ Hm-t´m-a-≥ km-am-Py-Øn¬-\n-∂v- 1918˛-epw- Z-£n-W- sb-a-≥1967˛¬- bp-ssW-‰-Uv- In-Mv-U-Øn¬-\n-∂pw- kz-X-¥-am-bn.- C-cp- sb-a-\p-I-fp-sS-bpw- G-Io-I-c-Ww- 1990˛¬- \-S-∂p.-

*- -bp-Wn-‰-dn- sk-an-˛-]-kn-U-≥jy¬- dn-∏-ªn-°m-b- sb-a-s‚- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k-`-lu-kv- Hm-^v- d-]-k-t‚-‰o-hv-kv- B-Wv.-

*- -G-jy-bn-se- cm-Py-ß-fn¬- Cw-•o-jv- A-£-c-am-em- I-a-Øn¬- H-Sp-hn¬- h-cp-∂-cm-Py-am-Wv- sb-a-≥.-

*- -sb-a-\n-se- jn-_mw- \-K-cw- a-cp-`q-an-bn-se- am-≥l-´-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

P-ssa-°-*- -I-co-_n-b-≥ I-S-en¬- ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂- H-

cp- Zzo-]-cm-jv-S-am-Wn-Xv.- tK-‰¿- B-‚n-e-kv- Zzo-]-k-aq-l-Øn¬- h-ep-∏-Øn¬- P-ssa-°-bv-°v- aq-∂mw- ÿm-\-am-Wv.-

*- -Cw-Kv-fo-jm-Wv- cm-Py-sØ- Hu-tZym-Kn-I-`m-j.-

*- -bp-Wn-‰-dn- ]m¿-e-sa-‚-dn- tIm-¨-Ãn-‰yq-j-W¬- sam-Wm¿-°n-bm-b- P-ssa-°-bp-sS- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k-`- lu-kv- Hm-^v- d-]-k-‚o-‰o-hv-kpw- sk-\-‰p-a-S-ßp-∂- ]m¿-e-sa-‚m-Wv.- cm-jv-S-ta-[m-hn-bm-b- _n- o-jv- sam-Wm¿-°n-s‚- ]-Xn-\n-[n-bm-bn- K-h¿-W¿- P-\-d¬- -c-Ww- \n¿-h-ln-°p-∂p.-

*- -1962˛¬- bp-ssW-‰-Uv- In-Mv-U-Øn¬-\n-∂v-kzm-X-¥yw- t\-Sn.- P-ssa-°-≥ tUm-f-dm-Wv- \m-W-bw.-

*- -h-k-¥-Zzo-]v- F-∂m-Wv- P-ssa-°- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- X-e-ÿm-\w- Inw-Kv-Ã-¨.-

*- -tIm-a- -sh¬-Øv- sK-bnw-kn-\v- th-Zn-bm-b- B-Zy- hn-I-kz-c- cm-Py-am-Wv- P-ssa-°-(1966).-

*- -P-ssa-°- s]-∏¿- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- k¿-

‡n-I-fn-sem-cm-fm-Wv- _q-sW-bn-se-kp¬-Øm-≥.-

*- -_n- -Wn¬-\n-∂m-Wv- _q-sW- kz-X-¥yw-t\-Sn-b-Xv- (1984).-

*- -am-en-Zzo-]v- I-gn-™m¬- G-‰-hpw- P-\-kw-Jy- Ip-d-™- G-jy-≥ cm-jv-Sw- _q-sW-bm-Wv.-

*- -t_m¿-Wn-tbm- Zzo-]v- ]-¶n-Sp-∂- aq-∂v- cm-jv-S-ß-fm-Wv- a-te-jy,- _q-sW-bv,- C-s¥m-\n-jy- F-∂n-h.- C-Xn¬- ]q¿-W-am-bpw- t_m¿-Wn-tbm-bn¬- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- G-I- cm-Pyw- _q-sW-bv- B-Wv.-

*- -_m-µ¿- sk-dn- s_-K-h-≥ B-Wv- X-e-ÿm-\w.- F-Æ,- ]-Ir-Xn- hm-X-I- \n-t£-]-ß-fm-Wv- Cu- cm-Py-sØ- k-º-∂-am-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- -tdm-b¬- _q-sW-bv- F-b¿-sse-≥kv- B-Wv- tZ-io-b- hn-am-\- k¿-ho-kv.-

*- -C-…m-am-Wv- ]-[m-\-a-Xw.- c-≠mw- ÿm-\-Øv- _p-≤-a-X-am-Wv.-

se-bv-Nv-s‰-≥sÃ-bn-≥*- -tem-I-Øv- U-_nƒ- em-≥Uv- tem-°v-Uv-

B-b- c-≠p- cm-Py-ß-tf-bp-≈q-˛-se-bv-Nv-s‰-≥sÃ-bn-\pw- D-kv-s_-°n-ÿm-\pw.-

*- -a-[y-bq-tdm-∏n¬- Hm-kv-Sn-b-bv-°pw- kzn-‰v-k¿-e-≥Un-\p-an-S-bv-°m-Wv- se-bv-Nv-s‰-≥sÃ-bn-≥ ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂-Xv.-

*- -B¬-]v-kn¬- am-X-am-bn- ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂-G-I- cm-Py-am-Wv- se-bv-Nv-s‰-≥sÃ-bn-≥.-

*- -se-bv-Nv-s‰-≥sÃ-bn-≥ H-cp- tIm- -Ãn-‰yp-j-W¬- sam-Wm¿-°n-bm-Wv.- cm-jv-S-Ø-e-h-≥ A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- ]n-≥kv- F-∂m-Wv.- A-Xn-\m¬- C-sXm-cp- ]n-≥kn-∏m-en-‰n- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -hm-U-kv- B-Wv- se-bv-Nv-s‰-≥sÃ-bn-\n-s‚-X-e-ÿm-\w.-

*- -kzn- v- ^m-¶m-Wv- \m-W-bw.- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k-`-bp-sS- t]-cv- em-≥Uv-Sm-Kv.-

*- -P¿-a-\m-Wv- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- `m-j.- P¿-a-≥`m-j- kw-km-cn-°p-∂- cm-Py-ß-fn¬- G-‰-

hpw- sNdpXmWv sebvNvs‰≥sÃbn≥.

amkntUmWnb* sX°pIng°≥ bq-tdm-∏n¬- _mƒ-°-≥

D-]-Zzo-]n-em-Wv- dn-∏-ªn-Iv- Hm-^v- am-kn-tUm-Wn-b- ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂-Xv.-

*- -ap-≥bp-tKm-kv-fm-hy-bn-se- L-S-I- dn-∏-ªn-°p-I-fn-sem-∂m-bn-cp-∂p- am-kn-tUm-Wn-b.-

*- -kv-tIm-]v -sP- B-Wv- X-e-ÿm-\w.- a-Z¿- sX-tc-k- P-\n-®-Xv- kv-tIm-]v -sP-

bn-em-Wv.-*- -]m¿-e-sa-‚-dn- dn-∏-ªn-°m-b- am-kn-tUm-

Wn-b-bn-se- \m-W-bw- Macedoniandenar - B-Wv.-

*- -Ko-°n-s‚- m-K-am-bn- am-kn-tUm-Wn-b- F-s∂m-cp- ]-tZ-i-ap-≠v.- A-Xp-Im-c-Ww- dn-∏-ªn-Iv- Hm-^v- am-kn-tUm-Wn-b- B- t]-cv- D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-s\- Ko-kv- F-Xn¿-Øn-cp-∂p.- a-lm-\m-b- A-e-Iv-km-≠¿- N-I-h¿-Øn- `-cn-®n-cp-∂- am-kn-tUm-¨- F-∂- ]-tZ-iw- Ko-°v- am-kn-tUm-Wn-b-bnemWv.

temI-Pm-eIw

South Africa Practice Questions

largest diamond in the world.(a) Kohinoor (b) Cullinan(c) Hope (d) Star

21. The independent country wholly sur-rounded by South African territory(a) Swaziland (b) Namibia(c) Lesotho (d) Botswana

22. The largest city in South Africa:(a) Pretoria (b) Johannesburg(c) Cape Town (d) Bloemfontein

23. The number of official languages in SouthAfrica:(a) 10 (b) 11(c) 12 (d) 13

24. In which Island Nelson Mandela wasimprisoned?(a) Ruben Island (b) Robben Island(c) St.Helena (d) Corsica

25. Where is Soccer City Stadium, the venueof the 2010 FIFA World Cup ?(a) Pretoria (b) Cape Town(c) Durban (d) Johannesburg

Answers1 (d) 2(b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5(a) 6(a) 7(b) 8(c) 9(c)10(b) 11(a) 12(c) 13(d) 14(b) 15(c) 16(c) 17(a)18(d) 19(a) 20(b) 21(c) 22(b) 23(b) 24(b) 25(d)

h-kp-K-‘n-bm-Wv- (Hmƒ-kv-ss]-kv-).-*- -P-ssa-°-°m-c-\m-b- ]-i-kv-X- A-Xv-e-‰m-

Wv- A-k-^m- ]-h¬.-*- -P-ssa-°-bp-sS- ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bm-b- B-Zy-

h-\n-X-bm-Wv- t]m¿-jy- knw-]v-k-¨- an-√¿- (2006)-

_q-sW-*- -_q-sW-bp-sS- X-e-ÿm-\-am-Wv- _m-µ¿-

k-dn- _-K-hm-≥.-*- -tem-I-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- k-º-∂-cm-b- hy-

18 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15

XohtZiob ]-ÿm-\-tØm-Sv- A-\p-_-‘n-®v- \n-c-h-[n- hn-π-h-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ- C-cp-]-Xmw- \q-‰m-≠n-s‚- B-cw-`-tØm-sS- ]-©m-_v,- _w-Kmƒ,- t_mw-s_-F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬- cq-]w-sIm-≠p.- hy-h-ÿm-]n-X-hpw- A-I-a-c-ln-X-hp-am-bn- \-S-∂n-cp-∂- k-a-c-ßƒ-°p- k-am-¥-c-am-bn-Ø-s∂- C-h¿- \-bn-®- ]-ÿm-\-ß-fpw-cm-jv-So-b-Po-hn-X-Øn¬- A-e-sbm-en-Iƒ-kr-jv-Sn-®p.- Cw-Kv-fo-jp-Im-sc- h-[n-°p-I,-s]m-Xp-ap-X-ep-Iƒ- \-in-∏n-°p-I,- J-P-\m-hv- sIm-≈-sN-øp-I- Xp-S-ßn-b- H-‰-s∏-´-A-I-a-ß-fn¬- G¿-s∏-Sp-I- F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p- C-h-cp-sS- ]-h¿-Ø-\- co-Xn.-

t_mw-s_-bn-se- hm-kp-tZ-hv- _¬-h-¥v- ^m-Uv-sI-bm-Wv- B-Zy-sØ- ò-I-c-kw-Lw- cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-®-Xv.- k¿-°m¿- kz-Øp-°ƒ- sIm-≈-b-Sn-°p-∂-Xn-em-bn-cp-∂p- C-h¿- G¿-s∏- n-cp-∂-Xv.- 1879˛¬- m-Uv-sI-sb- A-d-Ãp- sN-øp-I-bpw- G-U-\n-te-°v- \m-Sp-I-S-Øp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-

1897 Pq-¨- 22˛-\v- ]q-s\-bn-em-Wv- B-[p-\n-I- C-¥y-bn¬- B-Zy-am-bn- H-cp- bq-tdm-]y-≥ cm-jv-So-b- Im-c-W-ß-fm¬- sIm-e-sN-ø-s∏- -Xv.- N-t]-°¿- k-tlm-Z-c-≥am-cm-Wv- (Zm-tam-Z¿- l-cn- N-t]-°-dpw- _m-e-Ir-jv-W- l-cn- N-t]-°-dpw-)- A-Xv- sN-bv-X-Xv.- ]q-s\-bn-se- tπ-Kv- I-Ωn-‰n-bp-sS- X-e-h-\m-bn-cp-∂- dm-≠n-s\- sIm-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- Ip-‰-Øn-\v- A-h-sc- Xq-°n-s°m-∂p.-

1902˛¬- _w-Km-fn¬- cq-]w-sIm-≠- kw-L-S-\-bm-Wv- A-\p-io-e-≥ k-an-Xn.- ]-tam-Zv- an-X-bpw- _-co-µ-Ip-am¿- tLm-jp-am-bn-cp-∂p- C-Xn-s‚- ÿm-]-I¿.- A-Xn-s‚- [m-°- hn-`m-K-Øn-\p-am-Xw- 500 im-J-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.-"-sh-Sn-h-®p-ho-gv-Øn-bn-v- Hm-Sn-c-£-s∏-Sp-I-'- F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p- A-

\p-io-e-≥ k-an-Xn-bp-sS- co-Xn.- t_mw-s_-(a-lm-cm-jv-S-)-bn¬- 1904˛¬- hn.-Un.-k-h¿-°-dpw- K-tW-jv- k-h¿-°-dpw- tN¿-∂v- cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-®- c-l-ky-kw-L-S-\-bm-Wv- A-`n-\-hv- `m-c-Xv.-

1905˛¬- iymw-Pn- Ir-jv-W-h¿-a- e-≠-\n¬- ÿm-]n-®- C-¥ym- tlmw- dqƒ- skm-ssk-‰n- A-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv- C-¥ym- lu-kv-F-∂- t]-cn-em-bn-cp-∂p.- Cu- kw-L-Øn¬-s∏-´- a-Z-≥em¬- Zn-≥K- F-∂- bp-h- hn-π-h-Im-cn- _w-Km-fn-se- e-^v-‰-\-‚ v-K-h¿-W-dm-bn-cp-∂- k¿- I-gv-k-¨- ssh-en-sb- e-≠-\n-se- H-cp- s]m-Xp-tbm-K-Øn¬-h-®v- sh-Sn-h-®p-sIm-∂p- (1909).-

1905˛-\p-ti-jw- Nn-e- ]-X-ßƒ- hn-π-hm- n-ap-Jy-ap-≈- o-I-c-hm-Zw- ]-N-cn-∏n-®p.-_w-Km-fn¬- km-‘y,- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn¬-I¬- F-∂n-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p- A-h-bn¬- ]-[m-\-s∏- -h.-

1907˛¬- _w-Km-fn-se- e-^v-‰-\-‚ v- K-h¿-W-dm-bn-cp-∂- B-≥Up- t^-k-dp-sS-Po-h-s\-Sp-°m-≥ H-cp- i-a-ap-≠m-bn.-

1908˛¬- Jp-Zn-dmw- t_m-kpw- ]-^p-√-Nm-°n-bpw- H-cp- h-≠n-°p-t\-sc- t_mw-s_-dn-™p.- ap-km- ¿-]q-cn-se- P-\-hn-cp-≤- P-Uv-Pn-bm-b- In-Mv-kv-t^m¿-Um-Wv- B-h-≠n-°p-≈n¬- bm-X- sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂-sX-∂m-Wv- A-h¿- I-cp-Xn-b-Xv.- F-∂m¬,- ap-km-^¿-]q¿- _m-dn-se- πo-U-dm-bn-cp-∂-sI-∂-Un-bp-sS- `m-cy-bpw- a-I-fp-am-Wv-t_mw-_v- kv-t^m-S-\-Øn¬- a-c-W-a-S-™-Xv. ]-^p-√- Nm-°n- kz-bw- sh-Sn-h-®p-a-cn-®p.- Jp-Zn-dmw- t_m-kn-s\- hn-Nm-c-W-sN-bv-Xv- Xq-°n-s°m-∂p.-

A-en-∏q¿- hn-Nm-c-W- ]-Xn-Iƒ-s°-Xn-cm-b- sX-fn-hp-Iƒ- ti-J-cn-®v- K-h-¨-sa-‚n-s\- k-lm-bn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂- D-b¿-

∂- s]m-eo-kv- D-tZym-K-ÿ-s\- _o-tc-≥Z-Ø- Kp-]v-X- F-∂- hn-π-h-Im-cn- ssl-t°m-S-Xn- h-cm-¥-bn-se- Bƒ-°q- -Øn¬-h-®v- sh-Sn-h-®v- ho-gv-Øn.-

H-cp- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- N-S-ßn¬- B-\-∏p-d-Øv- k-©-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂- ssh-tkm-bn- lm¿-Un-©v- ]-`p-hn-s\- t_mw-s_-dn-™p- (1912).-

1924˛¬- Im- -]q-cn¬- C-¥y-bp-sS- hn-hn-[-`m-K-ß-fn¬-\n-∂p-≈- hn-π-h-Im-cn-Iƒ- tbm-Kw-tN¿-∂v- cq-]w- \¬-In-b- kw-L-S-\-bm-Wv- ln-µp-ÿm-≥ dn-∏-ªn-°-≥A-tkm-kn-tb-j-≥.- km-bp-[- I-em-]-ßƒ- kw-L-Sn-∏n-®v- _n- o-jv- B-[n-]-Xy-Øn-\v- A-dp-Xn- h-cp-Øm-≥ i-an-®- Cu-]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- km-c-Yn-Iƒ- k-®n-≥k-∂ym¬,- tbm-tK-jv- N-µ- Nm-‰¿-Pn,- `-K-Xv- kn-Mv,- kp-Jv- tZ-hv,- N-µ-ti-J¿- B-km-Zv- Xp-S-ßn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.-

C-¥y-bn-se- hn-π-h-]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ-°v- ]p-Xn-b-am-\w- \¬-In-b- kw-L-S-\-bm-Wv- 1928˛¬- cq-]-h-Xv-Ir-X-am-b- ln-µp-ÿm-≥ tkm-jy-en-Ãv- dn-∏-ªn-°-≥ B¿-an- (F-®v-F-kv-B¿-F-).- `-K-Xv- kn-Mv,- k-®n-≥ k-∂ym¬,- A-P-b-tLm-jv- F-∂n-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p- C-Xn-s‚- t\-Xm-°ƒ.-ln-µp-ÿm-≥ dn-∏-ªn-°-≥ A-tkm-kn-tb-j-≥]p-\- w-L-Sn-∏n-®v- cq-]w- \¬-In-b-Xm-Wv-Cu- ]-ÿm-\w.-

1930 G-]n-en¬- Nn-‰-tKm-Mn-se- B-bp-[-im-e- B-I-an-°-s∏-´- kw-`-hw- cm-Py-sØm-´m-sI- H-®-∏m-Sv- kr-jv-Sn-®p.- C-Xn-\p-Ø-c-hm-Zn-I-fm-b- kq-cy-sk-∂n-s\-bpw- Iq- -sc-bpw- ]n-Sn-Iq-Sn- hn-Nm-c-W-sN-bv-Xv- Xq-°n-te-‰n.-

1931 s^-_p-h-cn-bn¬- A-e-l-_m-Zn¬- s]m-eo-kp-am-bp-≠m-b- kw-L-´-\-

Øn¬- ]-i-kv-X- hn-π-h-Im-cn-bm-b- N-µ-ti-J¿- B-km-Zv- sIm-√-s∏-´p.-

K±¿ ]m¿ńemem- l¿-Z-bm¬,- tkm-l-≥kn-Mv-

_-Iv-\,- Xm-c-Iv-\m-Yv- Zm-kv- F-∂n-h¿- A-ta-cn-°-≥ sF-Iy-\m-Sp-I-fn-se- km-≥^m-≥kn-kv-tIm-bn¬- 1913 \-hw-_¿- H-∂n-\v-K-±¿- ]m¿- n- ÿm-]n-®p.- B-bp-[-ßƒ- ti-J-cn-°p-I,- _n- o-jv- D-tZym-K-ÿ-sc- h-[n-°p-I,- ssk-\n-I-sc- dn-Iq- v- sN-øp-I,- hn-π-hm-i-b-ßƒ- ]-N-cn-∏n-°p-I- F-∂n-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p- kw-L-S-\-bp-sS- e-£y-ßƒ.- B-gv-N-∏-X-am-b- K-±-dn-s\- Np-‰n-∏-‰n-bm-Wv- Cu-]m¿- n- sI- n-∏-Sp-Ø-Xv.- ]-X-Øn-s‚- X-e-s°- n¬- Cw-•o-jv- -c-W-Øn-s‚- i-Xp- F-∂v- tN¿-Øn- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.-

K-±¿- ]m¿-ń-°v- C-¥y-bn-te-°v- [o-c-cm-b- ssk-\n-I-sc- B-h-iy-ap-≠v.- A-h¿-°p-≈- i-º-fw- a-c-W-am-Wv.-s]-≥j-≥kzm-X-¥y-am-Wv.- A-h¿-°p-≈- hn-e- c-‡-km-£n-Xzw,- bp-≤-`q-an- C-¥y-˛-F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p- K-±¿- ]m¿-ń-bp-sS- ap-Zm-hm-Iyw.-tkm-l-≥kn-Mv- `-Iv-\- B-bn-cp-∂p-K-±¿- ]m¿-ń-bp-sS- B-Zy- sN-b¿-am-≥.-]m¿-ń-bp-sS- B-i-b-ßƒ- i-‡-am-b- a-X-\n-c-t]-£-c-X- kz- m-h-ap-≈-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- C-¥y-bn¬- _n-ó-jp-Im¿-s°-Xn-sc- hn-π-h-bp-≤w- \-S-Øp-sa-∂v- K-±¿- ]m¿-ń- ]-Xn-⁄-sb-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p.-

C-¥y-bn¬- km-bp-[- A- n-a-dn- \-S-Øm-\p-≈- i-a-ßƒ- K-±¿- ]-ÿm-\w- B-kq-X-Ww- sN-bv-sX-¶n-epw- A-]-Xo-£n-X-am-bn- A-Xv- _n- o-jp-Im¿- I-s≠-Øp-I-bpw-]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- ]-h¿-Ø-I-sc- h-[n-°p-I-bpw- Nn-e-sc- B-≥U-am-\n-te-°v- \m-Sp-I-S-Øp-I-bpw- sN-bv-X-p.

hnπh]ÿm\ßfpsSkw`mh\

hnπ-h- ]-ÿm-\-ßƒ-°v- h-en-b- t\-´-ß-sfm-∂pw- ssI-h-cn-°m-\m-bn-√.- A-tX-k-a-bw- A-Xn-s‚- ]-tcm-£-kzm-[o-\-ß-sf- hn-e-Ip-d-®v- Im-Wm-\pw- I-gn-bn-√.-C-¥y-≥ tZ-io-b- ]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- ]m-[m-\y-sØ-°p-dn-®v- hn-tZ-i-cm-Py-ß-fn-se-P-\-ß-sf- t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-Øm-\pw- A-h-cp-sS- [m¿-an-I- ]n-¥p-W- kz-cq-]n-°m-\pw-tem-I-am-[y-a-ß-fn¬- hm¿-Ø-I-fn-eq-sS-ÿm-\w- ]n-Sn-®-Xp-h-gn- hn-π-h-Im-cn-Iƒ-°p- km-[n-®p.- Iq-Sm-sX,- tZ-im- n-am-\n-I-fm-b- hn-]v-f-h-Im-cn-I-fp-sS- c-‡-km-£n-Xzw- ]n¬-°m-e- X-e-ap-d-Iƒ-°v- kzm-X-¥y-k-a-c-Øn¬- G¿-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\pw- Po-hn-Xw- cm-jv-S-Øn-\p- k-a¿-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw- ]-tNm-Z-\-am-bn.-

hnπh ]ÿm\ßƒK±¿ ]m¿ń°v C¥ybnte°v [occmb ssk\nIsc Bhiyap≠v. Ah¿°p≈ iºfw acWamWv.s]≥j≥ kzmX¥yamWv.Ah¿°p≈ hne c‡km£nXzw, bp≤`qan C¥y˛F∂Xmbncp∂p K±¿ ]m¿ńbpsS apZmhmIyw.tkml≥knMv Ìv\ Bbn-cp∂pK±¿ ]m¿ń -bpsS BZy sNb¿am≥. ]m¿ńbpsS Bibßƒ i‡amb aX\nct]£cX kz`mhap≈hbmbncp∂p. C¥ybn¬_nójpIm¿s°Xnsc hnπhbp≤w \SØpsa∂v K±¿ ]m¿ń ]Xn⁄sbSpØncp∂p. C¥ybn¬ kmbp[ Ańadn \SØm\p≈iaßƒ K±¿ ]ÿm\w BkqXWw sNbvsX¶nepw A]Xo£nXambn AXv _nójpIm¿ Is≠ØpIbpw ]cmPbs∏SpØpIbpwsNbvXp.......B[p-\nI C¥ymNcn-X-Ønse \nW-a-Wn™ Hcp A[ym-b-Øn-eqsS ...

B[p-\nI C¥y- 9

2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 19

1. Greek Mathematician who is regardedas ‘the Father of Geomety’:(a) Archemedes (b) Pythagorus(c) Euclid (d) Epicurus

2. The Portuguese Navigator who led theexpedition which completed the firstcircumnavigation:(a) Columbus (b) Magellan(c) Cook (d) Cabral

3. Who was known as ‘lady with the lamp’?(a) Joan of Arc (b) FlorenceNightingale (c) Mother Theresa(d) None of these

4. Magellan was killed in:(a) Philippines (b) Indonesia(c) Sri Lanka (d) China

5. Voltaire was a/an ...... philosopher:(a) Greek (b) German(c) French (d) American

6. Who gave Pacific ocean that name?

(a) Cabral (b) Magellan(c) Vasco da Gama (d) Columbus

7. Who developed mercury thermometer?(a) Toricelli (b) Fahrenheit(c) Marconi (d) Edison

8. Who developed telescope and discoveredfour satellites of Jupiter?(a) Newton (b) Galileo(c) Herschell (d) Tombaugh

9. The father of Englsih poetry:(a) William Shakespeare(b) Byron (c) Shelly(d) Geoffrey Chaucer

10. The first president of USA:(a) Abraham Lincoln(b) Thomas Jefferson (c) James Madison(d) George Washington

11. Who developed petrol driven internal

combustion engine?(a) Gottleib Daimler (b) Karl Benz(c) Cockrell (d) Wright brothers

12. Who invented radio and wireless system?

(a) Marconi (b) Faraday(c) Newton (d) Huygens

13. Who authored ‘Tropic of Cancer’ and‘Tropic of Capricorn’?(a) Arthur Miller (b) Henry Kissinger

(c) Henry Miller (d) Pearl S. Buck14. Homer authored the epics ‘The Iliad’

and ‘The Odyssey’, was a/an ...... writer.(a) Greek (b) Italian(c) French (d) German

15. The US diplomat Henry Kissinger sharedNobel Peace Prize with Le Duc Tho fornegotiating the Vietnam issue, for the year:(a) 1973 (b) 1974(c) 1975 (d) 1976

16. Who invented Safety lamp?(a) Alfred Nobel (b) William Ramsay(c) Edison (d) Humphrey Devy

17. Isac Newton who is famous for hisdiscovery of Laws of gravitation andthree laws of motion, was born in:(a) France (b) Germany(c) Spain (d) England

]ikvX hy-‡n-Iƒ

* al¿jn- tZm-Wv-tUm- tI-i-hv- Im¿-sh- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn-se- c-Xv-\-Kn-cn- Pn-√-bn-se- tJ-Zv- Xm-eq-°n¬- 1858 G-]n¬- 18˛-\v- H-cp- Nn-Xv-]m-h-≥ _m-“-W-Ip-Spw-_-Øn-em-Wv- P-\n-®-Xv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- h-\n-Xm- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bm-b- F-kv-F-≥Un-‰n-k¿-h-I-em-im-ebpsS (Shreemati

Nathibai Damodar Thackersey

Women's University) ÿm]-I-\m-Wv- Cu- hn-Zym-`ym-k- hn-N-£-W≥.

* ]Xn\m-emw- h-b- n-em-bn-cp-∂p- Im¿-sh-bp-sS- B-Zy- hn-hm-lw.- F-´p-h-b- p-Im-cn- cm-[m- m-bn-bm-bn-cp-∂p- h-[p.-1891˛¬- A-h¿- ]-k-h-k-a-b-Øv- a-cn-®p.- Cu- `m-cy-bn¬- Im¿-sh-bv-°v- P-\n-®- a-I-\m-Wv- B-Wv- C-¥y-bn-se-Ip-Spw-_m-kq-X-W-Øn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv-F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- B¿.-Un.-Im¿-sh-(1882˛-1953).-

*- -]n-∂o-Sv - c-≠p-h¿-j-Øn-\p-ti-jw-Im¿-sh,- tKm-Zp- m-bn- F-∂- hn-[-h-sb-hn-hm-lw- I-gn-®p.- ]-Wv-Un-X- c-am-`m-bn-bp-sS- im-c-Zm- k-Z-\-Øn¬- hn-Zym¿-Yn-\n-bm-b- B-Zy- hn-[-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p-A-h¿.-

*- -apw-ss_-bn-se- F¬- n-≥Ã- - tIm-

Un.sI.Im¿sh (1858˛1962)

tf-Pn¬-\n-∂m-Wv- Im¿-sh- K-Wn-X-Øn¬- _n-cp-Zw- t\-Sn-b-Xv.- 1891˛¬- A-t±-lw- ]q-s\-bn-se- s^¿-Kp-k-≥ tIm-tf-Pn¬- K-Wn-X- s]m-^-k-dm-bn.-

*- -1892˛¬- U-°m-¨- F-Uyp-t°-j-≥skm-ssk-‰n-bp-sS- B-Po-h-\m-¥- Aw-K-am-bn- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p.- ÿm-]-\-Øn-\v- 15e-£w- cq-]- kw-`m-h-\- sN-bv-Xp.- Xp-S¿-∂v- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bp-sS- t]cv Shreemati NathibaiDamodar Thackersey Women’s

University F∂v- ]-cn-jv-I-cn-®p.-1936˛¬- apw-ss_-bn-te-°v- am-‰n-b- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bp-sS- t]-cv - 1951˛¬Shrimati Nathibai ThackerseyWomen’s University F∂v am‰n.SNDT Women’s University F∂dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bp-sS- ]-am-W-hm-Iyw- kw-kv-Ir-X- kv-Xo- ]-cm-i-‡n (An enlightened women isa source of Infinite strength)F∂mWv.

* 1917˛¬ ss]-a-dn- kv-Iqƒ- A-[ym-]-I¿-°m-bn- H-cp- sS-bn-\n-Mv- tIm-tf-Ppw-1918˛¬- I-\ym-im-e-bpw- Xp-S-ßn.-1936˛¬- a-lm-cm-jv-S- hn-t√-Pv- ss]-a-dn- F-Uyp-t°-j-≥ skm-ssk-‰n- ÿm-]n-®p.- k-a-Xm- k-wLv (Associationfor the Promotion of Human Equal-ity) F∂ kw-L-S-\-bp-sS- B-cw-`w-1944˛¬- B-bn-cp-∂p.- C-Xn-s‚- B-i-b- ]-Nm-c-Wm¿-Yw- 1947˛¬- am-\-hn- k-a-X- F-∂- ]-kn-≤o-I-c-Ww- 1947˛¬-Xp-S-ßn.-

*- -X-s‚- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ-°v- km-º-Øn-I- ]n-¥p-W- I-s≠-Øp-∂-Xn-\v- Im¿-sh- \n-c-h-[n- hn-tZ-i- cm-Py-ßƒ- k-µ¿-in-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.-

*- -Pm-Xn-hy-h-ÿ-bpw- A-kv-]r-iy-X-bpw-

C-√m-Xm-°p-∂-Xn-\v- A-£o-Ww- ]-h¿-Øn-®- Im¿-sh-b- A-hn-kv-a-c-Wo-\m-°p-∂-Xv- hn-[-hm- hn-hm-l-Øn-\pw- kv-Xo-I-fp-sS- ]-Z-hn- D-b¿-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw-\-S-Øn-b- \n-Xm-¥- ]-cn-i-a-ß-fm-Wv.-Cu- tk-h-\-ß-sf- ap-≥\n¿-Øn-1958˛¬- P-∑-i-Xm-_v-Zn- h¿-j-Øn¬-cm-jv-Sw- `m-c-Xv- c-Xv-\- _-lp-a-Xn-bn-eq-sS- B-Z-cn-®p.- \q-dmw- h-b- n¬- Cu-]p-c-kv-Im-c-Øn-\¿-l-\m-b- A-t±-l-am-Wv- G-‰-hpw- D-b¿-∂- ]m-b-Øn¬- B-_-lp-a-Xn- t\-Sn-b- hy-‡n.- \n-c-h-[n-k¿-h-I-em-im-e-Iƒ- D-∂-X- _n-cp-Z-ßƒ- k-Ωm-\n-®v- Im¿-sh-sb- B-Z-cn-®n-´p-≠v.-

*- -1958˛¬- P-∑-i-Xm-_v-Zn- h¿-j-Øn¬-Im¿-h-bp-sS- _-lp-am-\m¿-Yw- `m-c-X-k¿-°m¿- Ãm-ºv- ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-®p.- kz-X-¥- C-¥y-bn¬- Po-hn-®n-cn-s°- Ãm-ºn-en-Sw-t\-Sn-b- B-Zy- hy-‡n- F-∂-]-tXy-I-X-bpw- Im¿-th-bv-°p-≠v.-

*- -Cw-•o-jn¬- Im¿-sh- c-Nn-®- B-fl-I-Y-b-mWv Looking Back.

* ]qs\bn¬ 1962 \-hw-_¿- H-º-Xn-\v-Im¿-sh-bp-sS- Po-hn-X-Øn-\v- Xn-c-»o-e- ho-gp-tºmƒ- kp-Zo¿-L-hpw- [-\y-hp-am-b- 104 kw-h-’-c-ßƒ- A-t±-lw-]n-∂n-´p-I-gn-™n-cp-∂p.-

Selected QuestionsGreat Personalities18. Who discovered steam engine?

(a) James Watt (b) Daimler(c) Chrystler (d) Benz

19. Who wrote ‘Paradise Lost’?(a) Shelly (b) Keats(c) John Milton (d) Shakespeare

20. Who is known as the maid of orleans?(a) Mother Theresa (b) Joan of Arc(c) Cleopatra (d) FlorenceNightingale

21. Goathe was a/an ...... writer.(a) Italian (b) English(c) German (d) French

22. Who postulated Atomic Theory?(a) Heisenberg (b) Neils Bohr(c) Madam Curie (d) John Dalton

23. John Logie Baird invented:(a) Computer (b) Typewriter(c) Gramophone (d) Television

24. The first Roman Catholic to become theUS president:(a) Theodore Roosevelt (b) Eisenhower(c) FD Roosevelt (d) John F Kennedy

25. Kamal Ataturk is regared as the builderof modern..........:(a) Egypt (b) Greece(c) Turkey (d) None of these

Answers

1 (c) 2(b) 3 (b) 4 (a) 5(c) 6(b) 7(b) 8(b) 9(d)10(d) 11(a) 12(a) 13(c) 14(a) 15(a) 16(d) 17(d)18(a) 19(c) 20(b) 21(c) 22(d) 23(d) 24(d) 25(c)

20 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15

i\n- (km-t‰- -)-*- -ku-c-bq-Y-Øn-se- K-l-ß-fn¬- h-ep-∏-

Øn¬- c-≠mw- ÿm-\-am-Wv- i-\n-°v.- B-I¿-j-I-am-b- h-e-b-ß-fp-≈- K-l-am-Wn-Xv.- 120,-536 In-tem-ao-‰-dm-Wv- hym-kw.-

*- -G-‰-hpw- km-µ-X- Ip-d-™- K-l-am-Wv-i-\n.- P-e-sØ-°mƒ- km-µ-X- Ip-d-hm-Wv- i-\n-°v.-

*- -Kp-cp-Xzm-I¿-j-W-\n-c-°v- q-an-bp-tS-Xp-am-bn- G-‰-hpw- k-am-\-am-b- K-l-am-Wv- i-\n.- `q-an-bn¬- 60 In-tem-Kmw- `m-c-ap-≈-H-cm-fn-\v- i-\n-bn¬- 63.-8 In-tem-Km-am-bn-cn-°pw- `m-cw.-

*- -sS-en-kv-tIm-∏n-s‚- k-lm-b-an-√m-sX- I-s≠-Øn-b- G-‰-hpw- A-I-se-bp-≈- K-l-am-Wv- i-\n.-

*- -Um-K-¨- tÃmw,- tK-‰v- ssh-‰v- kv-t]m-´v- F-∂o- sIm-Sp-¶m-‰v- ta-J-e-Iƒ- i-\n-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -i-\n-bp-sS- Z-£n-Wm¿-[- tKm-f-Øn¬- ho-ip-∂- sIm-Sp-¶m-‰v- irw-J-e-bm-Wv- Um-

K-¨- tÃmw.- i-\n-bp-sS- D-Ø-cm¿-[- tKm-f-Øn¬- C-S-bv-°n-sS- ]-Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-h-≥ sIm-Sp-¶m-‰v- ta-J-e-bm-Wv- tK-‰v-ssh-‰v- kv-t]m-´v.-

*- -Ko-°p-]p-cm-W-ß-fn-se- I-Ym-]m-X-ß-fp-sS- t]-cm-Wv- i-\n-bp-sS- D-]-K-l-ßƒ-°v- \¬-In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- -tX-Øn-kv,- an-am-kv,- ssS-‰-≥,- dn-b,- Un-tbm-sW,- ô-_v,- Pm-\-kv,- ]m-≥tUm-d,-sl-e-≥,- s]m-an-Xyq-kv,- A-‰v-e-kv,- Im-en-]v-tkm,- ]m-≥ F-∂n-h-bm-Wv- i-\n-bp-sS- ]-[m-\- D-]-K-l-ßƒ.-

*- -ku-c-bq-Y-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- c-≠m-a-sØ- D-]-K-l-am-Wv- ssS-‰-≥.- hy-‡-am-b- A-¥-co-£-ap-≈ D-]-K-l-am-Wv-ssS-‰-≥.- q-an-bp-sS- A-]-c-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- ssS-‰-\m-Wv.- In-kv-Xy-≥ ssl-P-≥km-Wv- ssS-‰-s\- I-s≠-Øn-b-Xv.-

* -i-\n-sb-bpw- D-]-K-ß-sf-bpw- Ip-dn-®v- ]-Tn-°m-≥ hn-t£-]n-®-Xm-Wv- Im-kn-\n-˛-ssl-P-≥kv- Zu-Xyw.-

*- -i-\n- K-l-Øn-s‚- k-ao-]w- B-Zy-am-sb-

Øn-b- _-ln-cm-Im-i- hm-l-\-am-Wv- A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS- ]-b-\n-b¿-˛-11.-

*- -km-t‰-Wn-\p- k-am-\-am-b- Ko-°p- tZ-h-\m-Wv- tIm-W-kv- (k-a-b-Øn-s‚- A-[n-tZ-h-≥).- tdm-a-≥]p-cm-W-ß-fn¬- Ir-jn-bp-sS- A-[n-tZ-h-\m-Wv- km-t‰-¨.-

*- -10.-2 a-Wn-°q¿-sIm-≠v- kz-bw- -a-Ww- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°p-∂- i-\n-°v- kq-cy-s\- h-ew-h-bv-°m-≥ 29.-46 h¿-jw- th-Ww.-

bp-dm-\-kv-*- -sS-en-kv-tIm-∏n-s‚- k-lm-b-tØm-sS- I-

s≠-Øn-b- B-Zy-sØ- K-l-am-Wv- bp-dm-\-kv.- ku-c-bq-Y-Øn-se- K-l-ß-fn¬- h-ep-∏-Øn¬- aq-∂mw- ÿm-\-Øm-Wv- Cu-K-lw.- 51,-117 In-tem-ao-‰-dm-Wv- hym-kw.-

i\nbpw bpdm\kpw

1. The tide at its maximum height is known as:(a) Tsunami (b) Spring Tide(c) Equinoxes (d) Neap Tide

2. Which of the following planets is smallerthan earth?(a) Neptune (b) Uranus(c) Saturn (d) Venus

3. Hawaiian Islands are located in:(a) North Atlantic Ocean(b) South Atlantic Ocean(c) North Pacific Ocean(d) South Pacific Ocean

4. Which one of the following continents doesnot have a real desert?(a) Europe (b) Australia(c) Asia (d) North America

5. How fast the earth spins at the north pole?(a) 1038 miles/hr (b) 700 miles/hr(c) Almost zero (d) 850 miles/hr

6. Name the continents that form mirror images:(a) North America and South America(b) Asia and Africa(c) Africa and South America(d) Europe and Asia

7. A region of weak winds is called:(a) Doldrum (b) Dum Dum(c) Chilka (d) None of these

8. How many times in a year , day and nightsare of equal duration anywhere on earth?(a) Once (b) Four(c) Twelve (d) Twice

9. Which one of the following is a land-lockedsea?(a) Aral Sea (b) Timor Sea(c) North Sea (d) Red Sea

10.Troposphere is the hottest part of theatmosphere is because:(a) It is the closest layer of the Sun(b) There are charged articles in it(c) It is heated by the earth’s surface(d) Heat is generated in it

11.Which one of the following are known as‘Anti-trade winds’?(a) Chinook (b) Cyclones(c) Typhoons (d) Westerlies

12.The outermost layer of the sun is called:(a) Chromosphere (b) Photosphere(c) Corona (d) Lithosphere

13.Geostationary satellite is at a height of:(a) 6km (b) 1000 km(c) 3600km (d) 35900 km

14.The orbits of planets around the sun can be:(a) Elliptic and parabolic(b) Parabolic and hyperbolic

(c) Circular and hyperbolic(d) Circular and elliptic

15.What is Super Nova?(a) A black hole (b) A dying star(c) An asteroid (d) A comet

16.Which of the following is a land lockedcountry?(a) Ukraine (b) Romania(c) Hungary (d) Bulgaria

17.The tide produced in an ocean when thepull on the earth by the Sun and Moon isunidirectional is called:(a) High tide (b) Spring tide(c) Neap tide (d) Low tide

18.The Gulf stream is an ocean current whichbegins in:(a) Off the coast of Florida(b) From the Bay of Bengal(c) Gulf countries coastline(d) In the Philippines

19.Which of the following volcanoes issituated in Mexico?(a) Colima (b) Purace(c) Semeru (d) Etna

20.The humidity of the air depends upon:(a) Temperataure (b) Location(c) Weather (d) All of these

21.The latitude of a place expresses itsangular position relative to the plane of(a) Axis of earth (b) North pole(c) South pole (d) Equator

22.The greatest variety of animal and plantspecies is fund in:(a) Temperate grasslands(b) Tropical moist forests(c) Tundra regions(d) In hot deserts

23.The largest part of our hydrosphere is:(a) Atlantic Ocean (b) Pacific Ocean(c) Indian Ocean (d) Arctic Ocean

24.Which river begins at Tana lake inEthiopia?(a) Blue Nile (b) White Nile(c) Congo (d) Zambezi

25.In which country does the river Amazonoriginate?(a) Brazil (b) Colombia(c) Peru (d) Bolivia

Answers

1 (b) 2(d) 3 (c) 4 (a) 5(c) 6(c) 7(a) 8(d) 9(a)10(c) 11(d) 12(c) 13(d) 14(d) 15(b) 16(c) 17(b)18(a) 19(a) 20(d) 21(d) 22(b) 23(b) 24(a) 25(c)

World Geography

The outermost layer of the sun Selected Questions

*- -1781˛¬- hn-eyw- sl¿-j-em-Wv- C-Xv- I-s≠-Øn-b-Xv.- sS-en-kv-tIm-∏n-s‚- k-lm-b-tØm-sS- I-s≠-Øn-b- B-Zy- K-l-am-Wn-Xv.-

*- -hn-eyw- tj-Iv-kv-]n-b¿,- A-e-Iv-km-≠¿-t]m-∏v- F-∂n-h-cp-sS- Ir-Xn-I-fn-se- I-Ym-]m-X-ß-fp-sS- t]-cp-I-fm-Wv- bp-dm-\-kn-s‚- D-]-K-l-ßƒ-°v- \¬-In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- -G-cn-b¬,- Aw-_n-tb¬,- ssS-‰m-\n-b,- H-_-tdm-¨,- an-cm-≥U,- Im-en-_m-≥,- Pq-en-b-‰v,- sU-kv-Un-tam-W,- t]m-kv-s]-tdm,-_n-bm-≥U- F-∂n-h- bq-dm-\-kn-s‚- D-]-K-l-ß-fm-Wv.-

*- -]-®- K-lw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- bq-dm-\-km-Wv.-

*- -[p-h-]-tZ-iw- kq-cy-\v- A-`n-ap-J-am-bn-´m-Wv- bq-dm-\-kv- ]-Z-£n-Ww- sN-øp-∂-Xv.-A-®p-X-≠n-\v- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- N-cn-hp-≈- K-l-am-Wn-Xv- (97.-77Un-Kn-)- .- D-cp-fp-∂- K-lw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.- In-S-°p-∂- K-lw- F-∂- A-]-c-\m-a-hpw- bp-dm-\-kn-\p-≠v.-

*- -G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- X-Wp-∏-\p- -h-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- bq-dm-\-kn-em-Wv- (224).-

*- -D-]-K-l-ß-fp-sS- F-Æ-Øn¬- aq-∂mw-ÿm-\-Øp-≈- K-l-am-Wv- bq-dm-\-kv.-

*- -bp-dm-\-kn-s\- A-cp-W-≥ F-∂p- hn-fn-°p-∂p.- bp-dm-\-kn-s‚- A-¥-co-£-Øn¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈- Xv- ssl-U-P-\m-Wv.-

*- -G-‰-hpw- km-µ-X- Ip-d-™- c-≠m-a-sØ-K-l-am-Wv- bp-dm-\-kv.-

*- -Ko-°p- ]p-cm-W-ß-fn-se- B-Im-i-tZ-h-\m-Wv- bp-dm-\-kv.- k-am-\-am-b- tdm-a-≥tZ-h-≥ Caelus. Ko-°p- tZ-h-s‚- t]-cp-≈- G-I- K-l-am-Wv- bp-dm-\-kv.-

*- -bq-dm-\-kn-\v- kz-bw-`-a-W-Øn-\v- 17.-9 a-Wn-°q-dpw- ]-Z-£n-W-Øn-\v- 83.-75 h¿-j-hpw- B-h-iy-am-Wv.-

2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 21

1. Inan-\¬ tIkn¬ in£n-°-s∏-´-Xn-\m¬ Atbm-K-yX I¬]n-°-s∏´ B-Zy apJ-y-a¥n(F) Pb-e-fnX(_n) aaX _m\¿Pn(kn)Icp-Wm-\n[n(Un) emep-]-kmZv bmZhv

2. temI aÆv Zn\w(F) Unkw-_¿ 1 (_n) Unkw-_¿ 2(kn) Unkw-_¿ 5(Un) Unkw-_¿ 15

3. Xcq¿ kz-cq]w F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ \m´p-cm-Pyw GXm-bn-cp-∂p?(F) tZin-ß-\mSv (_n) ]me-°mSv(kn) sNº-I-t»cn (Un) Imbw-Ipfw

4. tIcfØnse BZ-ysØ _tbm-sa-SnIv F.-Sn.-Fw. \ne-hn¬h-∂-sX-hnsS(F) Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw (_n) sIm®n(kn) tX°Sn (Un) aq∂m¿

5. temI-k-`mw-K-am-bn-cns° A¥-cn®BZy ae-bmfn(\) hn.-sI.-th-e-∏≥(_n) tUm. F.-B¿.-tam-t\m≥(kn) ]n.-F-kv.-\-S-cm-P-]n≈(Un) ]\-ºn≈n tKmhn-µ-ta-t\m≥

6. Hfn-ºnIvkv ^pSvt_mƒ Soan¬ AwK-amb BZy ae-bmfn ImbnI Xmcw(F) sF.-Fw. hnP-b≥(_n) Xncp-h√ ]m∏≥(kn) PnΩn-tPm¿÷v(Un) kn.-hn.-]m-∏-®≥

7. C¥-y-bnse BZ-ysØ kn≤-Kmaw(F) Ie-ym-t»cn (_n) sh≈-\mSv(kn) IÆmSn (Un) N¥n-cq¿

8. ]Ya I_Un temI-I-∏n¬ tPXm-°-fmb cmPyw(F) C¥y (_n) ]mIn-kvXm≥(_n) _w•m-tZiv (Un) t\∏mƒ

9. Kmk-bpsS B≥ m¶v F∂-dn-b-s∏- Xv(F) aeme bqk^vkmbv

(_n) ^dm _°¿(kn) F¬^nUv sPen-s\Iv(Un) jndn≥ C_mZn

10. hnhm-Z-amb cmP≥ tIkns‚ ]›m-Øew ]ta-b-am°n \n¿Ωn-°-s∏áe-bmf Ne-®nXw(F) ao\-am-k-Ønse kqc-y≥(_n) em¬kemw(kn) ]ndhn(Un) c‡-km-£n-Iƒ knµm-_mZv

11. Ah-tl-f-\-Øn-s‚- Cu- ap-lq¿-Ø-

Øn¬- _-lp-a-Xn- Nn-”-ßƒ- \-Ωp-sS-A-]-am-\w- Iq-Sp-X¬- -]-I-S-am-°p-∂p.-F-\n-°v- e-`n-®- F-√m- ]-tXy-I- _-lp-a-Xn-I-fpw- Rm-≥ C-Xm- D-t]-£n-°p-∂p.- -1919 ¬- ssh-tkm-bn-°v- C-]-Im-cw- I-sØ-gp-Xn-b-Xv- B-cv(F) alm-flm-Km‘n(_n) kn.-F-^v.-B≥Uqkv(kn) c_o-µ-\mYv SmtKm¿(Un) Ph-ml¿em¬ s\lp

12. `c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS- A-Sn-ÿm-\-L-S-\-bn¬- am-‰w- h-cp-Øp-∂-Xn-\v- ]m¿-e-sa-‚n-\v- A-[n-Im-c-an-√- - -F-∂- kp-]o-tIm-S-Xn- hn-[n- ]-kv-Xm-hn-®-Xv- F-Xv- tI-kn-em-Wv-?--(F-)- tKm-e-Iv-\m-Yv- -(_n-)- tI-i-hm-\-µ-`m-c-Xn--(kn-)- jm-_m-\p- -(Un-)- F-kv.-B¿.-s_m-sΩ-

13 -G-Xv- ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bp-sS- Im-e-Øm-Wv- C-¥y-≥ `-c-W-L-S-\-bv-°v- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- t`-Z-K-Xn--Iƒ- \-S-∂-Xv--(F-)- P-h-l¿-em¬-s\-lp- -(_n-)- cm-Po-hv-Km-‘n--(kn-)- C-µn-c-Km-‘n- --(Un-)- sam-dm¿-Pn- tZ-im-bn-

14.- -Zr-iy-]-Im-i-Øn¬- Du¿-÷w- G-‰-hpw-Iq-S-X-ep-≈- \n-dw--(F-)- h-b-e-‰v- -(_n-)- \o-e--(kn-)- ]-®- -(Un-)- Np-h-∏v-

15.- -B-cp-sS- A-]q¿-W-am-b- B-fl-I-Y-bm-Wv-B-≥ C-¥y-≥ ]n¬-Knw-?--(F-)- kzm-an- hn-th-Im-\-µ-≥ -(_n-)- kp-`m-jv- N-µ-t_m-kv--(kn-)- em-em-e-Pv-]-Xv- dm-bv- -(Un-)- kn.-cm-P-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn-

16.- -]m-e-kv- Hm-¨- ho¬-kv- F-∂- B-Vw-_-c- sS-bn-≥ ]-[m-\-am-bpw- G-Xv- B-ÿm-\-sØ- hn-t\m-Z- -k-©m-c- tI-µ-ß-fm-Wv- k-µ¿-in-°p-∂-Xv.--(F-)- I¿-Æm-S-Iw- -(_n-)- Im-iv-ao¿--(kn-)- cm-P-ÿm-≥ -(Un-)- X-an-gv-\m-Sv-

17.- -ssZ-h-Zm-k-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´- km-aq-ln-I- ]-cn-jv-I¿-Øm-hv--(F-)- Ip-am-c-Kp-cp-tZ-h-≥ - -(_n-)- Nm-h-d-b-®-≥-(kn-)- ]-Wv-Un-‰v- I-dp-∏-≥ -(Un-)- k-tlm-Z-c-≥ A-ø-∏-≥

18.- -kq¿-hw-i-Øn-se- A-h-km-\-sØ- `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn--(F-)- P-em¬- Jm-≥- -(_n-)- C-…mw- jm--(kn-)- kn-°-µ¿- jm- kq-cn- -(Un-)- ssI-Jp-_m-Zv-

19.- -tdm-fn-ßv- πm-≥ F-∂- B-i-bw- B-Zy-am-bn- A-h-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv--(F-)- am¬-Øq-kv- -(_n-)- sP.-Fw.-sI-bv-≥kv--(kn-)- Kp-Æ¿- an¿-U¬- -(Un-)- a-l-e-t\m-_n-kv-

20.- -⁄m-\-]o-T- ]p-c-kv-Im-c-Øn-\¿-l-\m-b-d-“m-≥ dm-ln- G-Xv- `m-j-bn-se- km-ln-Xy-Im-c-\m-Wv.--(F-)- I-iv-ao-cn- -(_n-)- ]-©m-_n--(kn-)- ln-µn- -(Un-)- sX-ep-¶v-

21.- -kv-]o-°¿- ÿm-\w- cm-Pn-h-®-ti-jw- cm-jv-S-]-Xn- ÿm-\-tØ-°v- a-’-cn-®-Xv--(F-)- i-¶¿- Z-bm¬- i¿-Ω- -

(_n-)- B¿.-sh-¶n-´-cm-a-≥-(kn-)- sk-bn¬- kn-ßv- - -(Un-)- \o-ew- k-Rv-Po-h-sd-Õn-

22.- -C-¥y- F-s‚- cm-Py-am-Wv- F-∂p- Xp-S-ßp-∂- tZ-io-b- ]-Xn-⁄- c-Nn-®-Xv(F) _¶nw-N-µ-Nm-‰¿Pn(_n) Ph-l¿em¬ s\lp(kn) ]n.-hn. \c-knw-l-dmhp

(Un) ]n.-hn.-kp-∫-dmhp23 C¥-ybnse G‰hpw henb sdbn¬th-

tÃ-j≥(F) sjm¿Æq¿ (_n) \yq-U¬ln(kn) lud (Un) apwss_

24. H∂mw ]©-h-’c ]≤-Xn-bpsS cq]-tcJ Xøm-dm-°n-bXv(F) tUm. sI.-F≥.-cmPv(_n) sI.-kn.-\n-tbmKn(_n) tPm¨ aØmbn(Un) B¿.-sI.-jäp-Jw-sNń

25. lmMv skMv FIvkvtN©v FXp \K-c-Øn-emWv?(F) s_bvPnßv (_n) tSmtIym(kn) knwK-∏q¿ (Un) tlmt¶mßv

26. GXv cmP-ysØ ]c-tam-∂X knhn-en-b≥ _lp-a-Xn-bmWv ]knU≥jy¬saU¬ Hm^v ôUw?(F) ^m≥kv (_n) ioe¶(kn) bp.-F-kv.F. (Un) ssN\

27. GXv ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn-em-Wv- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥ c-Nn-®- io-\m-cm-b-W- Kp-cp-hn-s‚- Po-h-N-cn-X--am-b- _-“-io- -\m-cm-b-W- Kp-cp- kzm-an-I-fp-sS- Po-h-N-cn-X- kw-K-lw- B-Zy-am-bn- ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-Xv?(F) hnth-tIm-Zbw (_n) anX-hmZn(kn) tIcf IuapZn (Un) tbmK-\mZw

28. ss_em-Une J\n GXv [mXp-hp-ambn_‘s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p(F) kz¿Æw (_n) Ccpºv(kn) bptd-\nbw (Un) Aep-an-\nbw

29. sk¬^v- Fw-tπm-bv-Uv- hn-a-¨-kv- A-t m-kn-tb-j-≥ Hm-^v- C-¥y- (tk-h-)-bp-sS- B-ÿ-m\w(F) \yq-U¬ln (_n) Ae-l-_mZv(kn) Al-Ω-Zm-_mZv (Un) ]qs\

30. entbm¿-Wm-tUm- Um-hn-©n-bp-sS- ]-i-kv-X-am-b- em-Ãv- k-∏¿- F-∂- s]-bn-‚n-ßv- G-Xv- \-K-c-Øn-e-m-Wv?(F) t\∏nƒkv (_n) tdmw(kn) Sqdn≥ (Un) ane≥

31. A©v `qJ-WvU-ß-fn¬ h®v In°‰vtemI-I∏v tPXm-°-fmb BZy cmPyw(F) HmkvtS-enb (_n) Cw•≠v(kn) C¥y (Un) ]mIn-kvXm≥

32. GXv \Zn-bpsS t]mj-I-\-Zn-bmWvtSm¨kv?(F) kn‘p (_n) bap\(kn) tKmZm-hcn (Un) _“-]pX

33. kmln -Xy t\mt_-en -\¿l-bmbBZysØ Bt^m- -A-ta-cn-°≥ h\nX(F) sk¬a emK¿tem^v(_n) tKky sUseZ(kn) tSmWn tamdn-k¨(Un) t]ƒ Fkv.-_°v

34. hS-°p -In -g -°≥ C¥-y -bnse Hcpkwÿm-\-Øn¬ apJ-y-a¥n ÿm\-sØ-Ønb BZy h\nX(F) kptNX Ir]-em\n(_n) iin-Ie It°m-ZvI¿(kn) \µn\n kmXv]Xn(Un) skbvZA≥hmc sXbvaq¿

35. P\-kw -Jy \qdp -tImSn ]n∂n´BZysØ cmPyw(F) bp.-F-kv.-F. (_n) C¥y(kn) Ct¥m-t\-jy (Un) ssN\

36. C¥-y-bnse- F-√m- Ip-Spw-_-ßƒ-°pw-_m-¶v- A-°u-≠v- F-∂- e-£y-tØm-sS-]-[m-\-a-¥n P-≥[-≥ tbm-P-\-bv-°v-XpS°w Ipdn® h¿jw(F) 2012 (_n) 2013(kn) 2014 (Un) 2015

37. C¥-ybnse ]g°w D≈ FÆ-bp¬]m-Z\ kwcw`w GXv kwÿm-\-Øm-Wv?(F) alm-cmjvS (_n) Akw(kn) KpP-dmØv (Un) Xan-gv\mSv

38. ^wK-kp-I-fp-sS-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T\w(F) ss^t°m-fPn(_n) atbm-fPn(kn) ssat°m-fPn(Un) sshtdm-fPn

39. Fhn-sS-bmWv tNmK-ym¬ `cWw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xv?(F) t\∏mƒ (_n) `q´m≥(kn) Akw (Un) kn°nw

40. C¥-y≥ alm-k-ap-Z-Øn¬ ]Xn-°p∂G‰hpw henb \Zn(F) kn‘p(_n) Ba-tkm¨(kn) kmw_kn (Un) KwK

41. G‰hpw sNdnb B^n-°≥ cmjvSw(F) Kmw_nb (_n) skbvj¬kv(kn) amen-Z-zo]v (Un) hØn-°m≥

42. B¥-am-s\bpw \nt°m-_m-dn-t\bpwth¿Xn-cn-°p∂ Nm\¬(F) sS≥ Un-Kn-Nm-\¬(_n) tK‰v Nm\¬(kn) aem° IS-en-Sp°v(Un) ]mIv IS-en-Sp°v

43. Bc-y-∑m¿ Sn_-‰n-emWv DZv`-hn-®XvF∂v A`n-]m-b-s∏-´Xmcv?(F) _me-Kw-Km-[-c-Xn-e-I≥(_n) Zbm-\µv kc-k-zcn(kn) amIvkvap-≈¿(Un) hn≥sk‚ v kvanØv

44. sFI-y-cmjvS k -bpsS ssZ\w-Zn\ Bh-i-y-ßƒ°v D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ `mj-Iƒ(F) Cw•ojpw dj-y\pw

Test Your GK_p≈-‰n\ns‚ ap≥e-°-ß-fnse D≈-S-°-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-¬

s]mXp-hn-⁄m\ \ne-hmcw hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp tNmZy-t]-∏-dm-Wn-Xv.Hmtcm icn-bp-Ø-c-Øn\pw Hcp am¿°v. sX‰nbm¬ 0.33 s\K-‰ohv am¿°v.

96 am¿°v apX¬ 100 hsc Excellent, 86- 95- Very Good, 71- 85- Good,

51- 70 Average. Aº-Xp-am¿°n\p Xmsg-bm-sW-¶n¬ IqSp-X¬a\- n-cpØnbpw Bh¿Øn®pap≈ hmb\ A\n-hm-cyw.

22 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15

(_n) ^©pw ssN\okpw(kn) Cw•ojpw ^©pw(Un) ssN\okpw dj-y-\pw

45. the-°m-c≥ F∂ ]kn-≤o-I-cWwBcw-`n-®Xv(F) hmKv`-Sm-\-µ≥(_n) ktl-Z-c≥ Aø-∏≥(kn) _“m-\µ inh-tbmKn(Un) tUm. ]¬∏p

46. ]m≠-bpsS ][m\ Blmcw(F) bq°m-en-]v‰kv Ce-Iƒ(kn) aƒ_dn Ce-Iƒ(kn) apf-bn-e-Iƒ(Un) d∫-dn-e-Iƒ

47. bqtdm-∏n-s‚ IhmSw F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂Xpd-apJw(F) e≠≥ (_n) BwÃ¿Umw(kn) tdm´¿Umw (Un) t_ew

48. sF≥Ão\v ùXnI imkvXs\mt_¬ e`n® h¿jw(F) 1905 (_n) 1915(kn) 1920 (Un) 1921

49. _nójv C¥-y-bn¬ BZ-y-ambn Ãmºv]pd-Øn-d-°nb \Kcw(F) sIm¬°Ø (kn) \yq-U¬ln(kn) apwss_ (Un) Idm®n

50.- -bq-tdm-]y-≥ sk-≥S¬- _m-¶n-s‚- B-ÿm-\w--(F-)- _-k¬-kv- -(kn-)- ^m-¶v-^¿-´v--(kn-)- e-Iv-kw-_¿-Kv- (Un-)- kv-Sm-kv-_¿-Kv-

51.- -B-sc-bm-Wv- Pn.-i-¶-c-°p-dp-∏v- c-≠mw- _p-≤-≥ F-∂v- hn-fn-®-Xv.--(F-)- N-´-ºn-kzm-an-Iƒ- - -(_n-)- ssX-°m-Sv- A-ø--(kn-)- ssh-Ip-Wv-T-kzm-an-Iƒ- -(Un-)- io-\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-

52.- -]p-Xp-t®-cn-bp-sS- ÿm-]-I-≥-(F-)- ^m-≥kn-kvam¿-ń-≥ -(_n-)- ^m-≥kn-kv- tU--(kn-)- sl¬-s_¿-´v- t_-°¿- -(Un-)- F-Uzn-≥ ep-Sy-≥kv-

53.- -A-¥m-cm-jv-S- [m-c-W-bv-°p-≈- s\-lp-A-hm¿-Uv- B-Zy-am-bn- t\-Sn-b-Xv--(F-)- s\¬-k-¨- a-t≠-e- -(_n-)- bm-k¿- A-cm-^-Xv--(kn-)- Du-Xm-‚ v- - - -(Un-)- Pq-en-b-kv- s\-tc-c-

54.- -B-cpsS- B-I-a-W-am-Wv- A-©mw- \q-‰m-≠n-s‚- H-Sp-hn¬- X-£-in-e- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-bp-sS- -X-I¿-®-bv-°v- Im-c-W-am-b--Xv-?--(F-)- ap-K-f¿- -(_n-)- lq-W-≥am¿--(kn-)- Xp¿-°n-Iƒ- -(Un-)- A- v-Km-≥Im¿-

55.- -G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- A-d-_v- cm-Pyw--(F-)- kp-Um-≥ (_n-)- A¬-Po-cn-b--(kn-)- ku-Zn- A-td-_y- -(Un-)- bp.-F.-C-

56.- -a-dm-Øv- am-Iy-sh-√n- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv--(F-)- _m-e-Kw-Km-[-c- Xn-e-I-≥ -(_n-)- in-h-Pn--(kn-)- \m-\m-^-Uv-\-hn-kv- -(Un-)- _m-Pn- dm-hp-

57.- -G-Xv- cm-Py-Øp-h-®m-Wv- s^¿-Un-\-≥Uv-a-K-√-≥ sIm-√-s∏-´-Xv- --(F-)- l-bm-bv- Zo-]p-Iƒ--(_n-)- Hm-kv-tS-en-b--(kn)- a-U-K-kv-I¿- -(Un-)- n-en-ss∏-≥kv-

58.- -_o-lm-dn-s‚- Zp-:-Jw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-\-Zn--(F-)- Zm-tam-Z¿- -(_n-)- _-“-]p-X--(kn-)- a-lm-\-Zn- -(Un-)- tIm-kn-

59.- -a-lm-flm-Km-‘n-bp-sS- \n¿-t±-i-]-Im-cw-ssh-°w- k-Xym-K-lw- \n-co-£n-°m-≥tI-c-f--Øn-se-Øn-b- t\-Xm-hv- --(F-)- B-Nm-cy- hn-t\m-_-`m-sh- -(_n-)- C.-hn.-cm-a-kzm-an-\m-bv-°¿--(kn-)- kn.-cm-P-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn- -(Un-)- kp-`m-jv-N-µ-t_m-kv-

60.- -G-Xv- cm-Pm-hn-s‚- k-Z- n-s\-bm-Wv- A-jv-S-Zzn-§-P-ßƒ- A-e-¶-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv--(F-)- A-Iv-_¿-

-(_n-)- N-µ-Kp-]v-X-≥ c-≠m-a-≥-(kn-)- in-h-Pn- -(Un-)- Ir-jv-W-tZ-h-cm-b¿-

61.- -an-I-®- \-Sn-°p-≈- tZ-io-b- A-hm¿-Un-\v-B-Zy-am-bn- A¿-l-bm-b-Xv--(F-)- tl-a-am-en-\n- -(_n-)- tZ-hn-Im-dm-Wn--(kn-)- \¿-Ko-kv- Z-Øv- -(Un-)- P-b-`m-Zp-cn-

62.- -G-Xv- cm-Py-Øv- \-S-°p-∂- ^n-enw- s^-Ãn-h-en-em-Wv- tKmƒ-U-≥ ]mw- A-hm¿-Uv- \¬-Ip-∂-Xv-?--(F-)- ^m-≥kv- -(_n-)- P¿-a-\n--(kn-)- C-‰-en- -(Un-)- d-jy-

63.- -c-‡-_m-¶p-I-fn¬- c-‡w- tI-Sp-Iq-Sm-sX-kq-£n-°m-≥ D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂- cm-k-h-kv-Xp--(F-)- tkm-Un-bw- ss\-tS-‰v- -(_n-)- tkm-Un-bw- Im¿-_-tW-‰v--(kn-)- tkm-Un-bw- kn-tS-‰v- -(Un-)- t^m¿-am¬-Un-ssl-Uv-

64.- -A-ta-cn-°-≥ -c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS- ]n-Xm-hv-F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv--(F-)- tPm¿-Pv- hm-jn-Mv-S-¨- -(_n-)- tXm-a-kv- tP-t^-gv-k-¨--(kn-)- tPm-¨- B-Uw-kv- - -(Un-)- sP-bnw-kvam-Un-k-¨-

65.- -A-Sp-Øp-≈- h-kv-Xp-°-sf- Im-Wm-≥ I-gn-bp-I-bpw- A-I-se-bp-≈-Xn-s\- hy-‡-am-bn- Im-Wm-≥ -I-gn-bm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bpw-sN-øp-∂- A-h-ÿ--(F-)- a-tbm-∏n-b- -(_n-)- ssl-∏¿-sa-tSm-∏n-b--(kn-)- sh-f-f-gp-Øv- -(Un-)- tIm-¶-Æv-

66.- -bp-h-Xz- tlm¿-tam- - F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv--(F-)- A-Un-\m-en-≥ -(_n-)- hm-tkm-]-kn-≥-(Un-)- C-≥kp-en-≥ -(Un-)- ssX-tam-kn-≥

67.- -ap-l-Ω-Z-≥ en-‰-d-dn- skm-ssk-‰n-bp-sS-ÿm-]-I-≥-(F-)- ap-l-Ω-Zv- C-Iv-_m¬- -(_n-)- k-ø-Zv- A-l-Ω-Zv-Jm-≥-(kn-)- \-hm-_v- A-_v-Zpƒ- e-Øo-^v- -(Un-)- B-Km-Jm-≥

68.- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-Xv- \-K-c-Øn-em-Wv- ]-kn-≤-am-b- am-\m-©n-d- ssa-Xm-\w-?--(F-)- Xr-»q¿- -(_n-)- I-Æq¿- --(kn-)- Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw- -(Un-)- tIm-gn-t°m-Sv-

69.- -A- n-\-h-tI-c-fw- F-∂- ]-kn-≤o-I-c-Ww-B-cw- n-®-Xv--(F-)- B-K-am-\-µ-≥-(_n-)- hm-Kv- -Sm-\-µ-≥-(kn-)- k-tlm-Z-c-≥ A-ø-∏-≥ -(Un-)- kn.-hn.-Ip-™p-cm-a-≥

70.- -G-Xv- kn-Jv- Kp-cp-hn-s‚- Im-e-Øm-Wv- kp-h¿-Æ-t£-Xw- \n¿-Ωn-®-Xv- --(F-)- cmw-Zm-kv- -(_n-)- tKm-_n-µv-kn-Mv--(kn-)- A¿-P-≥tZ-hv- -(Un-)- tX-Pv-_-lm-Zq¿-

71.- -G-Xv- kw-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv- a-lm-t_m-[n-t£-Xw-?--(F-)- Pm¿-J-Wv-Uv- -(_n-)- D-Ø¿-]-tZ-iv--(kn-)- _o-lm¿- -(Un-)- a-[y-]-tZ-iv-

72.- -am-\-th-Z-≥ F-∂- km-aq-Xn-cn- cm-Pm-hv- cq-]w- \¬-In-b- I-em-cq-]w--(F-)- Ir-jv-W-\m-´w- -(_n-)- I-Y-I-fn--(kn-)- cm-a-\m-´w- -(Un-)- tam-ln-\n-bm- w-

73.- -G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- ap-…o-ß-fp-≈- cm-Pyw--(F-)- C-¥y- -(_n-)- ]m-In-kv-Xm-≥-(kn-)- C-s¥m-t\-jy--(Un-)- ku-Zn- A-td-_y-

74.- -Hm-d-©p-I-fp-sS- \-K-cw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv--(F-)- \m-kn-Iv- -(_n-)- \m-Kv-]q¿--(kn-)- ]q-s\- -(Un-)- jnw-e-

75.- -ku-c-bq-Y-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- Aw-Kw--(F-)- `q-an- -(_n-)- hym-gw--(kn-)- i-\n- -(Un-)- kq-cy-≥

76.- -H-]v-‰n-°¬- ss -_¿- I-≠p-]n-Sn-®-Xm-cv-?--(F-)- I-tcm-tØ-gv-kv--(_n-)- ly-P-≥kv--(kn-)- \-cn-µ¿- I-]m-\n- -

(Un-)- km-ap-h¬- tImƒ-´v-77.- -G-jy-≥ sK-bnw-kn¬- kz¿-Æw- t\-Sn-b-

B-Zy-sØ- a-e-bm-fn--(F-)- ]n.-Sn.- D-j- - -(_n-)- Fw.-Un.- h-’-Ω--(kn-)- I-a¬-Pn-Xv- k-‘p-

(Un-)- Sn.-kn.- tbm-l-∂m-≥78.- -s]-cp-a-¨- Xo-h-≠n- A-]-I-Sw- \-S-∂-

h¿-jw--(F-)- 1988 -(_n-)- 1989 -(kn-)- 1990 -(Un-)- 1991

79.- -cm-Py- k-`-bp-sS- sN-b¿-am-\m-b- B-Zy-a-e-bm-fn- --(F-)- Fw.-Fw.-tP-°-∫v- -(_n-)- sI.-B¿.- \m-cm-b-W-≥-(kn-)- h-°w- ]p-cp-tjm-Ø-a-≥ -(Un-)- tPm-¨- a-Øm-bn-

80.- -_w-Kmƒ- hn-`-P-\-sØ- ln-µp- ap-…ow-sF-Iy-Øn-s‚- ta¬- ]-Xn-®- t_m-_v- F-∂- hn-ti-jn-∏n-®-Xv-?--(F-)- I-gv-k-¨- ]-`p--(_n-)- a-lm-flm-Km-‘n--(kn-)- kp-tc-µ-\m-Yv- _m-\¿-Pn- -(Un-)- tKm-]m-e-Ir-jv-W- tKm-J-se-

81.- -_w-•m-tZ-in-s‚- tZ-io-b- Km-\-am-b- A-a¿- tkm-\m¿- _w-•- c-Nn-®-Xv--(F-)- Im-kn- \-kv-dpƒ- C-…mw- -(_n-)- _-¶nw-N-µ-Nm-‰¿-Pn--(kn-)- c-_o-µ-\m-Yv- Sm-tKm¿- -(Un-)- Xm-c-Im-\m-Yv- Zm-kv-

82.- -1906 ¬- an-t‚m- ]-`p-hn-s\- k-µ¿-in-®v-\n-th-Z-\w- \¬-In-b- ap-…ow- eo-Kn-s‚- \n-th-Z-\- kw-L-sØ-- -\-bn-®-Xm-cv-?--(F-)- B-Km-Jm-≥ -(_n-)- ap-l-Ω-Zv- C-Iv-_m¬--(kn-)- k¿- k-ø-Zv- A-l-Ω-Zv-Jm-≥ -(Un-)- au-em-\m- ap-l-Ω-Zv- A-en-

83.- -h-[n-°-s∏- - G-I- _n- o-jv- ]-[m-\-a-¥n--(F-)- kv-s]-≥k¿- s]¿-kn-h¬- -(_n-)- hn-eyw- ]n-‰v--(kn-)- Zn-kv-d-tb-en- -(Un-)- lm-tcmƒ-Uv- am-Iv-an-√-≥

84.- -G-Xv- k-ap-Z-Øn-em-Wv- ssS-‰m-\n-Iv- I-∏¬- ap-ßn-b-Xv-?--(F-)- ]-k-^n-Iv- -(_n-)- A-Xv-em-‚n-Iv--(_n-)- C-¥y-≥ a-lm-k-ap-Zw- -(Un-)- B¿-ń-Iv-

85.- -G-Xv- cm-Py-Øm-Wv- io-_p-≤-s‚- ]-√n-s\- B-cm-[n-°p-∂- t£-X-ap-≈-Xv-?--(F-)- Xm-bv-e-≥Uv- -(_n-)- io-e-¶--(kn-)- ssN-\- -(Un-)- P-∏m-≥

86.- -G-sXm-s°- cm-Py-ßƒ-°n-S-bn-ep-≈- A-Xn¿-Øn- tc-J-bm-Wv- am-Pn-\-´v- tc-J--(F-)- d-jy-˛-^m-≥kv--(_n-)- ^n-≥e-≥Uv-˛-kzo-U-≥-(kn-)- ^m-≥kv-˛-P¿-a-\n- -(Un-)- bp.-F-kv.-F-˛-Im-\-U-

87.- -\o-e-Kn-cn- Sm-K-kv- ssl-tem-In-b-kv- F-∂- im-kv-X-\m-a-ap-≈- P-¥p- s]m-Xp-th-A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- -t]-cv--(F-)- knw-l-hm-e-≥ Ip-c-ßv- -(_n-)- h-c-bm-Sv--(kn-)- \-£-X- B-a- (Un-)- a-bn¬-

88.- -I-c-bn-se- F-‰-hpw- D-b-cw- Iq-Sn-b- P-¥p--(F-)- B-\- -(_n-)- H-´-Iw--(kn-)- Pn-dm-^v- (Un-)- ln-t∏m-s]m-´m-a-kv-

89.- -G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Hm-W-d-dn- tUm-Iv-S-td-

‰p-Iƒ- e-`n-®- C-¥y-≥ ]-kn-U-‚ v--(F-)- ]-Xn-`m- ]m-ó¬- - -(_n-)- tUm.- F-kv.-cm-[m-Ir-jv-W-≥-(kn-)- ]-W-_v- ap-J¿-Pn- - -(Un-)- F.-]n.-sP.- A-_v-Zpƒ-I-emw-

90.- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- Un-Pn-‰¬- kw-ÿm-\w--(F-)- X-an-gv-\m-Sv- (_n-)- tI-c-fw--(_n-)- I¿-Wm-S-I- -(Un-)- sX-e-¶m-\-

91.- -G-Xv- kw-ÿm-\-sØ- ]-[m-\- \-Zn-bm-Wv- a-Wv-tUm-hn-?--(F-)- B-‘-]-tZ-iv- (_n-)- Kp-P-dm-Øv--(kn-)- tKm-h- - -(Un-)- cm-P-ÿm-≥

92.- -G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Im-ew- -c-Ww- \-S-Øn-b- h-\n-X- F-∂- sd-t°m¿-Uv- G-Xv- cm-jv-S-ta-[m-hn-bp-sS- t]-cn-em-Wv-?--(F-)- hn-Iv-tSm-dn-b- -(_n-)- F-en-k-_-Øv- 1-(kn-)- F-en-k-_-Øv- 2 -(Un-)- _n-bm-Sn-Iv-kv-

93.- -N-h-d- sd-b¿- F¿-Øv- ^m-Iv-S-dn-bp-sS-\n¿-Ωm-W-Øn¬- k-l-I-cn-®- bq-tdm-]y-≥ cm-jv-Sw--(F-)- d-jy- -(_n-)- _n-´-¨--(kn-)- P¿-a-\n- -(Un-)- ^m-≥kv-

94.- -C-¥y-bn¬- s]m-Xp- _-Uv-P-‰v- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv- G-Xv- Zn-h-k-am-Wv-?--(F-)- s^-_p-h-cn-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- ]-hr-Øn- Zn-h-kw--(_n-)- G-]n¬- H-∂v- (kn-)- s -_p-h-cn- 28-(Un-)- s -_p-h-cn-bn-se- A-h-km-\-sØ-]-hr-Øn- Zn-h-kw-

95.- -lo-tdm-•n-^n-Iv-kv- en-]n- D-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂- ]m-No-\- kw-kv-Im-cw--(F-)- kp-ta-dn-b-≥ -(_n-)- Cu-Pn-]v-jy-≥-(kn-)- kn-‘p-\-Zo-X-Sw- -(Un-)- am-b-≥

96.- -C-¥y-bn¬- tZ-io-b- h-cp-am-\w- I-W-°m-°p-∂-Xv--(F-)- \o-Xn- B-tbm-Kv--(_n-)- dn-k¿-∆v-_m-¶v--(kn-)- sk-≥S¬- Ãm-‰n-Ãn-°¬- Hm¿-K-ss\-tk-j-≥-(Un-)- [-\-a-¥m-e-bw-

97.- -B-^n-°-bp-sS- tIm-¨-k-¨-tS-j-≥Iym-ºv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- cm-jv-Sw--(F-)- Z-£n-W- kp-Um-≥ -(_n-)- C-Iz-t‰m-dn-b¬- Kn-\n-b--(kn-)- A¬-Po-cn-b- -(Un-)- en-_n-b-

98.- -hn-k¿-Pn-°p-∂- aq-X-Øn-s‚- A-f-hv- 2.-5en-‰-dn¬- Iq-Sp-X-em-sW-¶n¬- B- A-h-ÿ-bv-°v- ]-d--bp-∂- t]-cv-?--(F-)- Sm-°n-Im¿-Un-b (_n-)- H-en-Kp-dn-b--(kn-)- t]m-fn-bq-dn-b--(Un-)- ]-ta-lw-

99.- -C-¥y-≥ -c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS- X-Xz-im-kv-X-hpw-B-Z¿-i-ß-fpw- ]-Xn- -en-°p-∂- `m-Kw--(F-)- au-en-I- A-h-Im-i-ßƒ- -(_n-)- \n¿-t±-i-I- X-Øz-ßƒ--(kn-)- H-∂mw- sj-Uyqƒ- -(Un-)- B-ap-Jw-

100.- - -£n-Wm-^n-°-bn-se- ]-hm-k- Po-hn-Xw-A-h-km-\n-∏n-°m-≥ Km-‘n-Pn- Xo-cp-am-\n-®- h¿-jw--(F-)- 1914 -(_n-)- 1915 -(kn-)- 1916 -(Un-)- 1917

Answers

1(a) 2(c) 3(b) 4(d) 5(c) 6(b) 7(d) 8(a) 9(b) 10(c)11(c) 12(b) 13(c) 14(a) 15(b) 16(c) 17(b) 18(c)19(c) 20(a) 21(d) 22(d) 23(b) 24(a) 25(d) 26(c)27(a) 28(b) 29(c) 30(d) 31(a) 32(b) 33(c) 34(d)35(d) 36(c) 37(b) 38(c) 39(d) 40(c) 41(b) 42(b)43(b) 44(c) 45(b) 46(c) 47(c) 48(d) 49(d) 50(b)51(d) 52(a) 53(c) 54(b) 55(b) 56(c) 57(d) 58(d)59(a) 60(d) 61(c) 62(a) 63(c) 64(d) 65(a) 66(d)67(c) 68(d) 69(b) 70(c) 71(c) 72(a) 73(c) 74(b)75(d) 76(c) 77(d) 78(b) 79(b) 80(c) 81(c) 82(a)83(a) 84(b) 85(b) 86(c) 87(b) 88(c) 89(d) 90(b)91(c) 92(c) 93(d) 94(d) 95(b) 96(c) 97(b) 98(c)99(d) 100(a)

2015 HtŒm-_¿- 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 23

Confusing Facts

Aa¿ tPymXnbpw Aa¿ Phm≥ tPymXnbpw1. C¥y \¬-Ip-∂- _-lp-a-Xn-I-fn¬- `m-c-

X- c-Xv-\w- I-gn-™m¬- G-‰-hpw- D-b¿-∂- _-lp-a-Xn-bm-Wv- (C-¥y-bn-se- c-≠m-a-sØ- D-b¿-∂- _-lp-a-Xn-)- ]-c-a-ho-c-N-Iw.-

2.- -C-¥y- H-∂m-a-sØ- A-Wp-hn-kv-t^m-S-\w-(1974)- \-S-Øp-tºmƒ- C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bm-bn-cp-∂p- ]-[m-\-a-¥n.- F-∂m¬,- c-≠m-a-tØ-Xv- \-S-Øp-tºmƒ- (1998)- hm-Pv-t]-bn-bm-bn-cp-∂p- ]-[m-\-a-¥n.-

3.- -C-¥y- k-µ¿-in-®- B-Zy-sØ- _n-ó-jv-cm-Pm-hv- tPm¿-Pv- A-©m-a-≥ (1911).- C-¥y- k-µ¿-in-®- B-Zy-sØ- _n-ó-jv- ]-[m-\-a-¥n- lm-tcmƒ-Uv- am-Iv-an-√-≥.- C-¥y- kz-X-¥-am-Ip-tºmƒ- _n-ń-jv- cm-Pm-hv- tPm¿-Pv- B-dm-a-≥.-

4.- -C-¥y-≥ \m-j-\¬- tIm-¨-K-kv- ]-kn-U-‚m-b- c-≠m-a-sØ- h-\n-X- k-tcm-Pn-\n- \m-bn-Up.- F-∂m¬,- kz-X-¥- C-¥y-bn¬- tIm-¨-K-kv- ]-kn-U-‚m-b- c-≠m-a-sØ- h-\n-X- tkm-Wn-bm- Km-‘n.-

5.- -C-¥y-≥ \m-j-W¬- tIm- -K-kn¬- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- Np-a-X-e- (sk-I-´-dn-)- h-ln-®-B-Zy- Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dp-Im-c-≥ Pn.-]n.-]n-≈-bm-Wv-(1894).- F-∂m¬,- tIm-¨-K-kv-A-[y-£-\m-b- B-Zy- a-e-bm-fn- kn.-i-¶-c-≥ \m-b-cm-Wv- (1897).-

6.- -B-Zy-Im-e- cm-jv-S-Iq-S- cm-Pm-°-≥am¿-ln-µp-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p.- F-∂m¬,- ]n¬-°m-e- cm-Pm-°-≥am¿- ssP-\-a-X-ÿ-cm-bn-cp-∂p.-

7.- -C-¥y-bn¬- B-Zy-am-bn- k-ºq¿-W- km-£-c-X- t\-Sn-b- Pn-√- F-d-Wm-Ip-f-am-Wv.-F-∂m¬,- D-Ø-tc-¥y-bn¬- B-Zy-am-bn-k-ºq¿-W- km-£-c-X- t\-Sn-b- Pn-√-bm-Wv- A-Pv-ao¿.-

8.- -C-¥y-bn¬- D-]-cm-jv-S-]-Xn-bm-Im-sX- cm-jv-S-]-Xn-bm-b- B-Zy- hy-‡n- ^-Ip-±o-≥ A-en- A-l-Ω-Zv.- ]-kn-U-‚ v- ]-Zw- (B-Iv-Snw-Kv-)- h-ln-®- ti-jw- ssh-kv- ]-kn-U-‚m-b-Xv- Fw.-ln-Zm-b-Øp-≈.-

9.- -C-¥y-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- ]-Sn-™m-dm-bn- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- kw-ÿm-\w- Kp-P-dm-Øpw-In-g-°m-bn- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂-Xv- A-cp-Wm-N¬- ]-tZ-ip-am-Wv.-

10.- -C-¥y-bn¬- h-\-hn-kv-Xr-Xn-bn¬- H-∂mw-ÿm-\-Øv- a-[y-]-tZ-im-Wv.- A-cp-Wm-N¬- ]-tZ-im-Wv- c-≠mw- ÿm-\-Øv.-

11.- -C-¥y-bn¬- Iq-dp-am-‰- \n-b-a-Øn-eq-sS- A-tbm-Ky-\m-°-s∏- - B-Zy- tem-Iv-k- mw-K-am-Wv- em¬-Up-tlm-a- (1988).- tI-c-f-Øn-em-Zy-am-bn- Iq-dp-am-‰-\n-b-a-Øn-eq-sS- A-tbm-Ky-\m-b-Xv- B¿.-_m-e-Ir-jv-W-]n-≈.-

12.- -C-¥y-bn¬- kw-ÿm-\- \n-b-a-k-`-bn¬-]-Xn-]-£-t\-Xm-hm-b- B-Zy- h-\n-X-bm-Wv- X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- P-b-e-fn-X- (1989).- F-∂m¬,- tem-Iv-k- -bn¬- ]-Xn-]-£-t\-Xm-hm-b- B-Zy- h-\n-X- tkm-Wn-bm- Km-‘n-

bm-Wv.- c-≠m-a-sØ-Xv- kp-j-a- kz-cm-Pv.-13.- -B-Zy-sØ- _-ln-cm-Im-i- hn-t\m-Z- k-

©m-cn- sU-∂n-kv- Sn-t‰m- (2001).- c-≠m-a-sØ- _-ln-cm-Im-i- hn-t\m-Z- k-©m-cn- am¿-°v- j-ń¬-h¿-Øv.- B-Zy-sØ- h-\n-Xm- _-ln-cm-Im-i- hn-t\m-Z- k-©m-cn- A-\u-tj- A-≥km-cn- (2006).-

14.- -C-¥y-≥ ]-kn-U-‚p- ÿm-\-tØ-°v- a¬-k-cn-®- B-Zy- a-e-bm-fn- hn.-B¿.- Ir-jv-W-ø-cm-Wv.- ]-kn-U-‚m-b- B-Zy- a-e-bm-fn- sI.- B¿.-\m-cm-b-W-≥.-

15.- -C-¥y-≥ A-Wp-t_mw-_n-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv- cm-Pm- cm-a-Æ.- F-∂m¬,- C-¥y-≥ an-ssk¬- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ]n-Xm-hv- F.-]n.-sP.-A-_v-Zpƒ- I-emw-

16.- -C-¥y-≥ ssk-\n-I-≥ P-hm-≥ F-∂pw- A-ta-cn-°-≥ ssk-\n-I-≥ bm-¶n- F-∂pw-hn-fn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

17.- -C-¥y-≥ tZ-io-b- ]-Xm-I- 9 A-f-hp-I-fn¬- \n¿-an-°mw.- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- A-f-hn-ep-≈- ]-Xm-I-bp-sS- \o-fw- 6300 an-√o-ao-‰-dpw- ho-Xn- 4200 an-√o-ao-‰-dp-am-Wv.-

18.- -B-Zy-sØ- _-ln-cm-Im-i- k-©m-cn- bq-dn- K-Km-dn-≥ (d-jy-).- N-µ-\n¬- B-Zy-am-bn- C-d-ßn-b-Xv- \o¬- Bw-kv-tSm-Mv- (A-ta-cn-°-).-

19.- -B-Zy-sØ- A-ta-cn-°-≥ ]-kn-U-‚ v- tPm¿-Pv- hm-jn-Mv-S-Wpw- B-Zy-sØ- ssh-kv- ]-kn-U-‚ v- tPm- - B-Zw-kpw- B-Wv.-

20.- -C-k-tb¬- Pq-X-a-Xw- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- a-X-am-b- G-I- cm-Py-am-Wv- .- Pq-X-≥am¿- F-Æ-Øn¬- q-cn-]-£-am-b- G-I- cm-Py-hpw-C-k-tb-em-Wv.- F-∂m¬,- F-Æ-Øn¬-Pq-X-≥am¿- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈- cm-Pyw-A-ta-cn-°-bm-Wv.-

21.- -C-¥y-≥ \m-j-W¬- tIm-¨-K-kn-s‚-B-ÿm-\-am-Wv- 24,-A-Iv-_¿- tdm-Uv.- F-∂m¬,- `m-c-Xo-b- P-\-Xm- ]m¿-ń-bp-sS-B-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- hn-em-k-am-Wv- 11,- A-tim-I- tdm-Uv.-

22.-C-¥y-≥ \m-j-W¬- tIm- -K-kn-s‚- B-Zy- ]-kn-U-‚ v- U-_v-fyp- kn- _m-\¿-Pn.-F-∂m¬,- B-Zy-sØ- P-\-d¬- sk-I-´-dn- F.-H.-lyqw.-

23.- -C-¥y-≥ ]m¿-e-sa-‚n-se- an-I-®- Aw-K-Øn-\v- C-¥y-≥ ]m¿-e-sa-‚-dn- Kq-∏v- \¬-Ip-∂- ]p-c-kv-Im-c-am-b- OutstandingParliamentarian A-hm¿-Un-\v- B-Zy-am-bn-A¿-l-\m-b-Xv- N-µ-ti-J¿- B-Wv- (1995).-kp-j-am- kz-cm-Pm-Wv- Cu- Aw-Ko-Im-cw-t\-Sn-b- B-Zy- h-\n-X- (2004).-

24.- -C-¥y-≥ _-ln-cm-Im-i-im-kv-X-Øn-s‚-]n-Xm-hv- hn-Iw- km-cm-`m-bv.- F-∂m¬,-C-¥y-≥ B-W-h-im-kv-X-Øn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv- tlm-an- P-lmw-Ko¿- `m-`.-

25.- -C-¥y-≥ bq-Wn-b-s‚- m-K-am-b- G-‰-hpw-h-en-b- Zzo-]v- t\m¿-Øv- B-¥-am-\m-Wv.-F-∂m¬,- C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- P-\-kw-Jy- Iq-Sn-b- Zzo-]v- apw-ss_-bn-se- km¬-sk-‰v- B-Wv.-

26.- -C-¥y-≥ D-]-`q-J-Wv-U-Øn-se- cm-Py-ß-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- hn-kv-Xo¿-Ww- Ip-d-™-Xv-`q-´m-\pw- hn-kv-Xo¿-Ww- Iq-Sn-b-Xv- C-¥y-bp-am-Wv.-

27.- -C-¥y-≥ kw-Ko-X-Øn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- km-cw-K-tZ-h-≥.- F-∂m¬,-I¿-Wm-S-I- kw-Ko-X-Øn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- ]p-c-µ-c-Zm-k-≥.-

28.- -C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\-Øv- kz-¥w- \n-e-bn¬- hy-‡-am-b- q-cn-]-£-tØm-sS- A-

[n-Im-c-Øn¬-h-∂- B-Zy-sØ- ]m-tZ-in-I- cm-jv-So-b- ]m¿-ń-bm-Wv- X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- Un.-Fw.-sI.- (Zm-hn-U- ap-t∂-‰- I-g-Iw-).- F-∂m¬,- tem-Iv-k-`-bn¬- ap-Jy-]-Xn-]-£-]m¿-ń-bm-b- ]m-tZ-in-I- cm-jv-So-b- ]m¿- n-bm-Wv- B-‘-]-tZ-in-se-sX-ep-¶p-tZ-iw.-

29.- -C-¥y-≥ -c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS- c-£m-[n-Im-cn- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn.- C-¥y-bn¬- ]-c-am-[n-am-[n-Im-cw- A-¥n-a-am-bn- \n-£n-]v-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv- P-\-ß-fp-sS- ssI-I-fn¬.-

30.- -C-¥y-≥ `m-j-I-fn¬- ]-Zy-Øn-s‚- h-f¿-®-bv-°v- \¬-In-b- kw-`m-h-\-Iƒ- ]-cn-K-Wn-®m-Wv- a-[y-]-tZ-iv- k¿-°m¿- I-_o¿-k-Ωm-\w- \¬-Ip-∂-Xv.- F-∂m¬,- tI-µ-k¿-°m¿- I-_o¿- ]p-c-kv-Im-c- \¬-Ip-∂-Xv- km-ap-Zm-bn-I- kw-L¿-j-ap-≠m-Ip-∂- k-a-b-Øv- A-\y-a-X-°m-cp-sS-tbm- A-\y-Pm-Xn-°m-cp-tS-tbm- Po-h-t\m- kz-tØm- kw-c-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\v- ]-I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂- [o-c-X-sb- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°m-\m-Wv.-

31.- -C-¥y-≥ ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bm-b- G-I- A-hn-hm-ln-X-≥ F.-_n.-hm-Pv-t]-bn.- C-¥y-≥]-kn-U-‚m-b- G-I- A-hn-hm-ln-X-≥ F.-]n.-sP.-A-_v-Zpƒ- I-emw.-

32.- -C-¥y-≥ ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bp-sS- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- h-k-Xn-bm-Wv- 7,- td-kv-tIm-gv-kv- tdm-Uv.- C-¥y-≥ ]-kn-U-‚n-s‚- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- h-k-Xn-bm-Wv- cm-jv-S-]-Xn- `-h-≥.-

33.- -C-¥y-≥ tZ-io-b-X-bp-sS- ]-hm-N-I-≥ F-∂p- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xv- a-lm-flm-Km-‘n-bm-Wv.- C-¥y-≥ tZ-io-b- ]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- kp-tc-µ-\m-Yv- _m-\¿-Pn-bm-Wv.-

34.- -C-¥y-≥ X-]m¬-Ãm-ºn¬- ]-Xy-£-s∏-´- B-Zy- hn-tZ-in- sl-≥dn- Up-\m-‚ v,- \m-W-b-Øn-te-Xv- eq-bn- _-bv¬.-

35.- -C-¥y-bn¬- ]-Z-hn-bn-cn-s°- A-¥-cn-®- B-Zy- ]-[m-\-a-¥n- P-hm-l¿-em¬-s\-lp-hpw- ]-Z-hn-bn-cn-s°- A-¥-cn-®- B-Zy- ]-kn-U-‚ v- tUm.-k-°o¿- lp-ssk-\p-am-Wv.-

36.- -C-¥y-bn¬- _p-≤-a-X- hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈- kw-ÿm-\w- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bm-Wv.- F-∂m¬,- _p-≤-a-X- hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈- cm-Pyw-ssN-\-bm-Wv.-

37.- -C-¥y-bn¬- m-jm-Sn-kv-Ym-\-Øn¬- cq-]w-sIm-≠- B-Zy- kw-kv-Ym-\w- 1953 H-Iv-tSm-_¿- 1 \v- \n-e-hn¬- h-∂- B-\v-[-bm-Wv.- F-∂m¬,- 1956˛-se- kw-ÿm-\-]p-\- w-L-S-\-tSm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv- A-Xn-\v-B-‘m- ]-tZ-iv- F-∂- t]-cv- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂-Xv.-

38.- -C-¥y-bn¬- ]-kn-U-‚p- -c-Ww- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂- B-Zy- kw-ÿm-\-am-Wv- ]-©m-_v-(1951˛¬- tKm-]o-N-µv- `m¿-K-h- a-¥n-k-`-\n-ew-]-Xn-®-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿-∂v-).- F-∂m¬,-`q-cn-]-£-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n- pw- -c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS- A-\p-t—-Zw- 356 ]-tbm-Kn-®v- a-¥n-k-`-sb- B-Zy-am-bn- ]n-cn-®p-hn-´-Xv-1959˛¬- tI-c-f-Øn-em-Wv.-

39.- -C-¥y-bn¬- _n-ó-jv- `-c-W-Øn-\v- A-Sn-Ø-d- ]m-Im-≥ k-lm-b-I-am-b- πm-kn-bp-≤w- \-S-∂-Xv- 1757˛¬- _w-Km-fn-em-Wv.-F-∂m¬,- 1764˛¬- _o-lm-dn¬-\-S-∂- _-Iv-km¿- bp-≤-tØm-sS-bm-Wv- C-¥y-bn¬-_n-ó-jp-Im¿- ta-[m-hn-Xzw- D-d-∏n-®-Xv.-

40.- -C-¥y-bn¬- 9 kw-ÿm-\-ßƒ-°v- I-S¬-Øo-c-ap-≠v.- I-S¬-Øo-c-an-√m-Ø- kw-

ÿm-\-ßƒ- 20.- U¬-ln-bpw- N-Wv-Un-K-Upw- H-gn-sI-bp-≈- tI-µ-`-c-W- ]-tZ-i-ßƒ-°v- I-S¬-Øo-c-ap-≠v.-

41.- -C-¥y-bn¬- ap-Jy- hn-h-cm-h-Im-i- I-Ωo-j-W-dm-b- B-Zy- h-\n-X- Zo-]-Iv- k-‘p.-ap-Jy- Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v- I-Ωo-j-W-dm-b- B-Zy- h-\n-X- hn-F-kv- c-am-tZ-hn.-

42.- -C-¥y-bn¬- B-cm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fp-sS- kw-c-£-W-®p-a-X-e- h-ln-°p-∂- kp-c-£m-G-P-≥kn-bm-Wv- kn.-B¿.-]n.-F-^v.- C-¥y-bn¬- hy-h-km-b- ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS-kw-c-£-W-®p-a-X-e- h-ln-°p-∂- kp-c-£m- G-P-≥kn-kn.-sF.-F-kv.-F-^m-Wv.-

43.- -C-¥y-bn¬- B-cy-≥am¿- B-Zyw- Xm-a-k-ap-d-∏n-®- ]-tZ-i-am-Wv- ]-©m-_v.- F-∂m¬,- ]m-gv-kn-Iƒ- B-Zy-am-bn- C-¥y-bn¬- Xm-a-k-ap-d-∏n-®-Xv- Kp-P-dm-Øn-se-k-÷mw- F-∂- ÿ-e-Øm-Wv.-

44.- -C-¥y-bn¬- bp-≤-ap-J-Øv- B-Zy-am-bn- ]o-c-¶n- D-]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv- _m-_¿.- bp-≤-Øn-\v- tdm-°-‰p-]-tbm-Kn-®- B-Zy-sØ- C-¥y-≥ `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn- Sn-∏p- kp¬-Øm-≥.-

45.- -C-¥y-bn¬- bq-tdm-]y-≥am¿- \n¿-an-®- B-Zy-sØ- tIm-´- sIm-®n-t°m-´-bm-Wv.- tI-c-fo-b-am-Xr-I-bn¬- bq-tdm-]y-≥am¿- C-¥y-bn¬- \n¿-an-®- B-Zy-sØ- sI-ń-Sw-a-´m-t©-cn- sIm-´m-c-am-Wv.-

46.- -C-¥y-bn¬- B-Zy-am-bn- aq-ey- h¿-[n-X-\n-Ip-Xn- (hm-eyp- B-U-Uv- Sm-Iv-kv-)- G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- kw-ÿm-\w- l-cn-bm-\-bm-Wv.- F-∂m¬,- tem-I-Øm-Zy-am-bn- aq-ey-h¿-[n-X- \n-Ip-Xn- \-S-∏m-°n-b- cm-Pyw-^m-≥km-Wv.-

47.- -C-¥y-bn¬- kzm-X-¥y-tPym-Xn- sX-fn-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-_m¿-Zzo-]p-I-fn-se- sk-√p-em¿- P-bn-en-em-Wv.-A-a¿- tPym-Xn- Pm-en-b-≥hm-em- _m-Kn-epw- A-a¿- P-hm-≥ tPym-Xn- U¬-ln-bn-se- C-¥ym- tK-‰n-ep-am-Wv- sX-fn-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

48.- -C-¥y-bn¬- l-cn-X-h-hn-π-h-Øn-eq-sS- G-‰-hpw- sa-®-ap-≠m-b- [m-\y-hn-f- tKm-X-

ºm-Wv.- F-∂m¬,- Cu- t\-´w- ssI-h-cn-®- \m-Wy-hn-f- I-cn-ºm-Wv.-

49.- -C-¥y-bn¬- X¿-°-c-ln-X- ]-tZ-i-Øv-ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂- G-‰-hpw- D-b-cw- Iq-Sn-b- sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-bm-Wv- Im-©-≥Pw-K- (8598ao.-).- F-∂m¬,- sX-t°- C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- D-b-cw- Iq-Sn-b- sIm-Sp-ap-Sn- C-Sp-°n-Pn-√-bn-se- B-\-ap-Sn-bm-Wv.-

50.- -C-¥y-bn¬-\n-∂v- B-Zy-am-bn- Cu- ]p-c-kv-Im-c-Øn-\¿-l-am-b-Xv- H-cp- kw-L-S -\ -bm -b- cm -a -Ir -jv -W-an -j-\m -Wv -(1998).- _m-_m- Bw-sX-bm-Wv- Cu-k-Ωm-\-Øn-\¿-l-\m-b- B-Zy- m-c-Xo-b-≥ (1999).-

PSC BULLETINFortnightly

1. R.N. 44588/86 Reg. No. KL/TV (N)34/2015-172. Licence No. for posting without pre payment - KL/TV(N)/WPP/165/2015-17

Rupees 5.00October 15, 2015

Views and ideas expressed in the articles published in PSC Bulletin are not, necessarily, those of the Commission. Edited and Published by Saju George, SecretaryKerala Public Service Commission on behalf of Kerala Public Service Commission and Printed by him at P. Krishna Pillai Memorial Printing & Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd, Thiruvananthapuram.

AS¬ s]≥j≥ tbmP-\-bn¬ tNcp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Ipd™ ]mbw 18 hb vat≠e A¥mjvS Zn\-ambn BN-cn-°p∂ XobXn ˛ Pqsse 18h≥_‘p Ie-ym≥ tbmP\ e£-y-an-Sp-∂Xv GXv hn`mKw P\-ß-fpsS D∂-a-\-amWv ? ˛ BZnhmkn hn`mKw`mcX k¿°m-cns‚ apJy kmº-ØnID]-tZ-jvSmhv BcmWv? Ac-hnµv kp_-a-W-y≥2015 se ^n^ h\nXm temI-I∏v

tPXm-°ƒ ˛ bp.-F-kv.F.2015 Pq-Wn¬- G-Xv- cm-Py-hp-am-bn-´m-Wv-C-¥y- N-cn-X- ]-[m-\-am-b- H-cp- A-Xn¿-Øn- D-S-º-Sn- H-∏p--h-®-Xv- ˛- _w-•-m-tZivhym-]mc kw_-‘-amb kmº-ØnIhn\n -a -b -ß-fn¬ temIØv GXvId≥knbv°mWv c≠mw ÿm\w ˛ssN\okv sd≥an≥_n2015 se Pqsse amk-Øn¬ GXv \K-c-Øn-emWv bqtdm-]-y≥ bqWn-bs‚ D®-tImSn \S-∂Xv ˛ _k¬kvC¥-y-bn¬ kz-Im-cy taJ-e-bnseG‰hpw henb _m¶v ˛ sF.-kn.-sF.-kn.sF _m¶vC¥-y-bn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ ISp-h-I-fp≈ kwÿm\w ˛ I¿Wm-SIwISp -h -I -fpsS FÆ-Øn¬ c≠mwÿm\-Øp≈ kwÿm\w ˛ DØ-cm-JWvUvsXe-¶m-\-bpsS BZy apJ-y-a-¥n-bmbNµ-ti-J¿ dmhp GXv cmjvSobI£n-bpsS t\Xm-hmWv ˛ sXe-¶m\cmjvS kanXnsFI-ycmjvS kwL-S-\-bpsS Bl-zm\]Imcw \hw-_¿ 19 GXv Zn\-am-bn-

´mWv BN-cn-°p-∂Xv temI-tSm-bve‰vZn\wXt±i kz-bw- -cW ÿm]-\-ß-fn-te°vXnc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ thm´p-sN-øp-∂Xv\n¿_-‘n-X-am°nb BZy C¥-y≥kwÿm\w ˛ KpP-dmØvAd_v temIsØ G‰hpw henb\Kcw ˛ sIbvtdmAd_v temIsØ G‰hpw henbc≠m-asØ \Kcw ˛ _mKvZmZv\mj-W¬ H]v‰n-°¬ ss^_¿ s\‰vh¿°v t]mPIvSv ]Imcw apgp-h≥]tZ-ihpw t_mUv_m‚ v IW-IvSn-hn-‰n-bpsS ]cn-[n-bn¬ sIm≠p-h∂ BZyC¥-y≥ kwÿm\w ˛ tIcfwap≥]-[m-\-a¥n AS¬ _nlmcn

hmPvt]-bn-bpsS 91 mw ]nd-∂mƒ Zn\-Øn¬ Bcw-`n® sSbn≥ k¿∆okv ˛Sushasan Express2011 se sk≥kkv ]Imcw FX iX-am\w C¥-y-°m-cmWv _ncp-Z-[m-cn-Iƒ˛ 8.15%KpP-dm-Ønse ]t´¬ ]t£m- -Øn\vt\Xr-Xzw \¬In-b-Xn-eqsS am[-yai≤ t\Snb 22 Imc≥ ˛ l¿ZnIv]t´¬C¥-y-bpsS GXv Ab¬ cmP-y-ØmWvCubnsS ASn-b-¥n-cm-hÿ ]J-ym-]n-®Xv ˛ aym≥a¿s]mXp-ta-J-em- _m-¶p-I-fp-sS- ]-h¿-Ø-\w- Du¿-P-kz-e-am-°m-≥ tI-µ- k¿-°m¿-B-hn-jv-I-cn-®- ]-≤-Xn- ˛- C-µ-[--\pjvtPmjv\ Nn∂∏ GXv kvt]m¿Svkv C\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p- kvIzmjvKmaoW h\n-X-I-fpsS A¥¿tZ-iobZn\w ˛ HIvtSm-_¿ 15F¬.-kn.-tKm-b-en\p ]Icw tIµ B -y-¥c skI-´-dn-bmbn \nb-an-X-\m-bXv˛ cmPohvsalvdnjnBcXn Nulm≥ GXv kvt]m¿Svkv

C\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. ˛^pSvt_mƒFb¿ C¥y enan-‰-Uns‚ sNb¿am≥B≥Uv amt\-Pnßv Ub-d-IvS-dmbn 2015

BK-Ãn¬ \nb-an-X-\m-bXv ˛ Ai-z\ntemlm\n2015 se cmam-\p-P≥ ss]kn\v A¿l-\mb KWn-X-imkvX hnZ-Kv[≥ Aa-teµp IrjvW2015 se- tÃm-Iv- tlmw- hm-´¿- ss]-kn-\v- A¿-l-\m-b- C-¥y-°m-c-≥ ˛- cm-tP-µ- knßv_n -Wnse G‰hpw ]g-°-ap≈ kmln-Xy ]pc-kvIm-c -Øn\v A¿l-\mb_w•m-tZiv kmln-X-y-Im-c≥ ˛ knbmsslZ¿ d“m≥C¥-y-bpsS tZiob hcp-am-\-Øns‚G‰hpw henb Dd-hnSw ˛ k¿hokvskIvS¿C¥-y -bnse BZ-ysØ kz -Im -cyKo≥ô¬Uv hnam-\-Øm-hfw Zp¿Km-]q-cn\v kao-]-ap≈ Andal2015 se lyq-a≥ Iym-]n-‰¬ C≥U-Ivkn¬ C¥-ybpsS ÿm\w FXm-a-Xm-bn-cp-∂p ˛ 100Gandhi at First Sight F∂ ]pkvXIw

cNn-®Xv ˛ tXmakv sh_¿2014 se F≥tIm¿ en‰-ddn Ahm¿Un-\¿l-\mb C¥-y≥ ˛ \o¬ap-J¿Pn_n -Wnse tUhnUv Imatdm¨ a¥n-k`bn¬ sXmgn¬ hIp∏v kl-a-¥n-bmb C¥-y≥ hwi-P-bmb ]m¿-e-sa‚wKw ˛ ]oXn ]t´¬sFI-y-cmjvSk-`-bpsS He for Shecampaign s‚ Aw_m-k-U-dmbn \nb-an-X-\mb t_mfn-hpUvXmcw˛A-\p]w tJ¿alm-cmjvS k¿°m-cns‚ ssSK¿Aw_m-k-U-dmbn \nb-an-X-\m-bXv ˛Aan-Xm`v _®≥C‚¿ \mj-W¬ Hfn-ºnIv IΩn-‰n-bnse206 m asØ AwKw Z£nW kpUm≥temI hym-]mc kwL-S-\-bnse 162 masØ AwKw ˛I-km-Jvÿm≥kz— `mcXv dm¶n -ßn¬ H∂mwÿm\Øv h∂ \Kcw ˛ ssakq¿kz— `mcXv dm¶n¬ tIc-f-Ønse \K-c-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw Db¿∂ ÿm\-Øp-h∂ \Kcw ˛ sIm®njmMvlmbv tIm Hm∏-td-j≥ Hm¿K-ss\-tk-js‚ 2015 Pqsse-bn¬ \S∂D®-tIm-Sn°v thZn-bmb dj-y≥ \Kcw ˛ D^

Xnc-s™-Sp∏v c≠v L´-ambn\hw -_¿ 2˛Im -k¿tIm -Uv ,IÆq¿, tImgn-t°m-Sv, hb-\m-Sv,CSp-°n, sIm√w, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw\hw-_¿ 5˛-a-e-∏p-dw, ]me-°m-Sv,Xr»q¿, Fd-Wm-Ip-fw, tIm -bw,Be-∏p-g, ]Ø-\w-Xn´thms´-Æ¬ ˛ \hw-_¿ 7 \vBsI ko‰p-Iƒ ˛ 21905Kma-]-©m-bØv ˛ 941tªm°v ]©m-bØv ˛ 152Pn√m ]©m-bØv ˛ 14ap\n-kn-∏m-en‰n ˛ 87tIm¿∏-td-j≥ ˛ 6G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ Kma-]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ ae-∏pdw Pn√-bnepw (94)G‰hpw Ipdhv hb-\m- nepamWv(23)G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ tªm°v ]©m-bØpIƒ Xr»q -cnepw (16)G‰hpw Ipdhv hb-\m- n-ep-amWv(4). ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-Iƒ G‰hpwIqSp-X-ep≈ Pn√ Fd-Wm-Ip-f-amWv (13) Ipdhv hb-\m-ńepwImktIm´pw (3 hoXw)

G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ Xt±i `cWÿm]-\-ß-fpsS Pn√ ae-∏p-dhpw(121) G‰hpw Ipd-hp-≈Xv hb-\m-Sp-amWv (30)thm´¿am¿ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ ae-∏p-d-Øv. G‰hpw Ipdhv hb-\m-ń¬.Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw, sIm√w, sIm®n,Xr»q¿, tImgn-t°m-Sv, IÆq¿F∂n-h-bmWv tIm¿∏-td-j-\p-Iƒ.HSp-hn¬ cq]w sIm≠Xv IÆq¿_me-‰n¬ NOTA (None of theAbove) C√.

Xt±i Xnc-s™-Sp∏v 2015H‰-t\m-´-Øn¬

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