Unit One Classification Project (Simplified 3 Minute Version)

• 1. Unit One Classification Project
  By Jennifer Tu 10C
  

2. Definition of Classification
Classification is the arrangement of organisms based on similar characteristics and relationships.
3. 4. Why We Need Classification?
Personal safety
Quarantine
Forensics
Agriculture and Horticulture
Medicine
Conservation and Protection
5. What are scientific names?
Scientific names are the names that taxonomists use to categorise and classify organisms.
Ailurusfulgens= Red Panda
Scientific Name
Common Name
6. There are disadvantages
with using common names
7. 1) There may be many common names given to one species
Small panda
Bear Cat
CokoloacaPigara
Thokya
Gambawarella
Lesser panda
Bright Panda
Woker
Himalayan Raccoon
Crimson Ngo
Red Cat
Common Panda
Wokdonka
Panda Chico
Fox Bear
Petit Panda
Wah
Ye
Fire Panda
Poonya
Red Panda
Panda clatant
Red Fox
Fire Fox
Panda Rojo
NigalyaPonya
Sankam
8. 2)Vary from Language to Language
Panda Eclatant (French)
Panda Chico (Spanish)
9. 3) Can be misleading
Fox
Bear
10. 4) Scientific names show Relativeness
Ailurusfulgens= Red Panda
11. 5) Scientific Names are recognised Universally by all biologists
12. Biological Classification
phylogeny (classification based on genetic relativeness between organisms)
taxonomy (structural and physical connections between organisms)
evolution (relating organisms to ancestral species)
13. Main categories of Classification
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
14. Ailurusfulgens Classification
15. Domain-Eukarya
contains RNA of the Eukarya
Have eukaryotic cells
16. Kingdom-Animalia
are multi-cellular organisms
All are heterotrophs
17. Phylum-Chordata
Characteristics shared by chordates include a notochord, bilateral symmetry, ventral heart, complete digestive system and closed circulatory system.
18. Class-Mammalian
All mammals have three middle ear bones, hair, a diaphragm, large cerebral cortex, four chambered heart and mammary glands.
Four chambered heart
19. Order-Carnivora
Although the red panda lives on a herbivorous diet
retractile claws
robust cranial-dental features.
Retractile Claws
Cranial dental features
20. Family-Ailuridae
share a combination of genes similar to that of skunks, weasels and raccoons.
21. Genus-Ailurus
All genus and species names are words from Latin or Greek.
Ailurus is the Latinized form of the Greek word (ailouros), meaning cat.
22. Species-AilurusFulgens
first part of scientific name: genus
second part of scientific name: specific name
scientific name for the red panda is Ailurusfulgens.
23. Why Taxonomic Systems can change
advances in new DNA technology
with DNA technology, scientists have discovered new relationships between organisms
Therefore they are finding new ways of grouping organisms.
24. Red Panda Enigma
centre of a controversial taxonomic enigma.
originally placed in the Procyonidae family due to similar characteristics.
Later, tests showed similarities of DNA with the Ursidae family, thus they were placed in this family.
But with DNA hybridization, their classification was changed.
25. DNA hybridisation
is a technique that measures the degree of genetic distance between two different pools of DNA sequences.
26. Species A DNA
Species B DNA
Heat Applied
DNA mixed and incubated
DNA sequences that are similar will bind more firmly and require more energy to separate them.
27. DNA Hybridisation and Red Panda
Red Panda: Ailuridae Family
Giant Panda: Ursidae Family
28. Bibliography
Biology-online.org 2009, Classification, Biology-online.org, http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Classification (23 September 2009)
Heath, T. & Platnick J. 2008, "Ailurusfulgens" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Ailurus_fulgens.html. (September 19, 2009)
Wikipedia-the free encyclopaedia 2009, Red Panda, Wikipedia-the free encyclopaedia, 23 September http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Panda (22 September 2009)
Lioncrusher s Domain- Carnivora Species Information 2009, The Ailuridae Family, http://www.lioncrusher.com/family.asp?family=Ailuridae (23 September 2009)
Wang, X., Choudhry, A., Yonzon, P., Wozencraft, C. & Than Zaw 2008, AilurusFugens, The IUCN Red List of Endangered Species http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/714/0/full (23 September 2009)
29. Bibliography (Continued)
Kinnear, J. & Martin, M. 2006, Nature of Biology Book 1 Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons Australia, Milton
Semple, A., Borger P., Cleeland, C., Jackel, S. & Pappas X. 2006, Nelson Biology VCE Units 1&2, Nelson Australia, South Melbourne
Evans, D., Ladiges, P., Mckenzie, J. & Sanders, Y. 2005, Heinemann Biology 1, 4th edition VCE Units 1 & 2, Heinemann Harcourt Education, Port Melbourne
Kaiser, G.E. 2007, I.Introduction, Doc Kaisers Microbiology, 27 February http://student.ccbcmd.edu/courses/bio141/lecguide/unit1/3domain/3domain.html (23 September 2009)
Pidwirny, M., 2006, "Biological Classification of Organisms", Fundamentals of Physical Geography, 2nd Edition. http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals/9b.html (23 September 2009)
30. Bibliography (Continued)
Myers, P. 2001, "Chordata", Animal Diversity Web, http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Chordata.html. (23 September 2009)
Myers, P. & Poor, A. 2007, "Carnivora", Animal Diversity Web, http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Carnivora.html (23 September 2009)
Wund, M. & Myers, P.2005, "Mammalia", Animal Diversity Web, http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Mammalia.html. (accessed 23 September 2009)
Heath, T. & Platnic,k J. 2008, "Phylum Chordata" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Chordata.html. (19 September 2009)
Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopaedia 2009, Classifcation, Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopaedia, http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761576239/classification.html (20 September 2009)
31. Bibliography (Continued)
Trek Nature 2009, Red Panda, Trek Nature, http://www.treknature.com/gallery/photo136997.htm (20 September 2009)
Microsoft Encarta 2009, All About Animals, http://microsoftencarta-in-english.blogspot.com/2009/01/all-about-animals.html (20 September 2009)
Wikipedia-the free encyclopaedia 2009, DNA hybridization, 13 September http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA-DNA_hybridization(20 September 2009)
32. The End