Unit I

Characterization

Unit I Literary TermsCharacterizationThe authors way of revealing the personality of a character

TOADSCharacter AnalysisT Thinks,O Others think & say,A Appearance, D Does, S SaysWhat personality trait of the character is revealed?

What do these pictures have to do with the literary elements protagonist and antagonist?

Write down your predictionsAntagonist and Protagonistantagonist - a character in a story or poem who deceives, frustrates, or works against the main character, or protagonist, in some way.

protagonist - A protagonist is considered to be the main character or lead figure in a novel, play, story, or poem; usually the person trying to solve the problem

Conflict

Conflict is a struggle between opposing forces.In an external conflict, a character clashes with an outside forceforexample, another character, society, or nature.In an internal conflict, a character grapples with his or her own opposingfeelings, beliefs, needs, or desires.

Conflict drives the plot of most stories. Its solution usually occurs near the end of the story, in the resolution. When a storys conflict is left unresolved, the character may have an epiphany, or sudden flash of insight that changes his or her feelings about the conflict. Some epiphanies can also lead to a plots resolution, or result from one. As you read, notice the conflicts that characters face and decide which ones truly are resolved.

Man vs. _____Look at the pictures and identify the conflict

PLOTThe sequence of events and actions that occur in story

Plot Structure ComponentsExposition: The start of the story. The way things are before the action starts.Rising Action: the series of conflicts and crisis in the story that lead to the climax.Climax: The turning point. The most intense moment (either mentally or in action.Falling Action: all of the action which follows the Climax.Resolution: The conclusion, the tying together of all of the threads.

10Exposition: The mood and conditions existing at the beginning of the story. The setting is identified. The main characters with their positions, circumstances and relationships to one another are established. The exciting force or initial conflict is introduced. Sometimes called the Narrative HOOK this begins the conflict that continues throughout the story.Rising Action: The series of events, conflicts, and crises in the story that lead up to the climax, providing the progressive intensity, and complicate the conflict.Climax: The turning point of the story. A crucial event takes place and from this point forward, the protagonist moves toward his inevitable end. The event may be either an action or a mental decision that the protagonist makes.Falling Action/Denouement: The events occurring from the time of the climax to the end of the story. The main character may encounter more conflicts in this part of the story, but the end is inevitable.Resolution: The tying up of loose ends and all of the threads in the story. The conclusion. The hero character either emerges triumphant or is defeated at this point.Describe the picture below

Setting and ForshadowingSETTING: time and place of a story (When and Where) Time: season, year, hour and minutes, time of day Place: location- anywhere!FORSHADOWING: clues or hints to prepare the reader for events and situations that will happen later in a story

Most Dangerous GameQuick Write:What do you consider to be the most dangerous game ? Why?

VocabularyPalpable

How is the word palpable used?"OFF THERE to the right--somewhere--is a large island," said Whitney." It's rather a mystery--""What island is it?" Rainsford asked."The old charts call it `Ship-Trap Island,"' Whitney replied." A suggestive name, isn't it? Sailors have a curious dread of the place. I don't know why. Some superstition--""Can't see it," remarked Rainsford, trying to peer through the dank tropical night that was palpable as it pressed its thick warm blackness in upon the yacht.

Amenity

What are amenities? (plural of amenity)They were eating borsch, the rich, red soup with whipped cream so dear to Russian palates. Half apologetically General Zaroff said, "We do our best to preserve the amenities of civilization here. Please forgive any lapses. We are well off the beaten track, you know. Do you think the champagne has suffered from its long ocean trip?"

Condone

19Explain the meaning of the word in contextThe general laughed with entire good nature. He regarded Rainsford quizzically. "I refuse to believe that so modern and civilized a young man as you seem to be harbors romantic ideas about the value of human life. Surely your experiences in the war--""Did not make me condone cold-blooded murder," finished Rainsford stiffly.

Nave

Laughter shook the general. "How extraordinarily droll you are!" he said. "One does not expect nowadays to find a young man of the educated class, even in America, with such a naive, and, if I may say so, mid-Victorian point of view.scruple

"Dear me," said the general, quite unruffled, "again that unpleasant word. But I think I can show you that your scruples are quite ill founded."

futile

Now he had got a grip on himself, had stopped, and was taking stock of himself and the situation. He saw that straight flight was futile; inevitably it would bring him face to face with the sea.Plot ChartStory DetailPlot StageShip Trap IslandExposition-settingRising ActionClimaxFalling ActionResolutionConflict:What is the conflict described here?Rainsford remembered the shots. They had come from the right, and doggedly he swam in that direction, swimming with slow, deliberate strokes, conserving his strength. For a seemingly endless time he fought the sea. He began to count his strokes; he could do possibly a hundred more and then--

Conflict: What is personified? How does this personification describe Rainfords conflict with the sea? Bleak darkness was blacking out the sea and jungle when Rainsford sighted the lights. He came upon them as he turned a crook in the coast line; and his first thought was that be had come upon a village, for there were many lights. But as he forged along he saw to his great astonishment that all the lights were in one enormous building--a lofty structure with pointed towers plunging upward into the gloom. His eyes made out the shadowy outlines of a palatial chateau; it was set on a high bluff, and on three sides of it cliffs dived down to where the sea licked greedy lips in the shadows.

CharacterizationRainsford- ProtagonistZaroff-AntagonistPersonality TraitTOADS

Personality TraitTOADSForeshadowingWhitney and Rainsford discuss hunting:Whitney-Great sport, hunting. The best sport in the world, agreed Rainsford Whitney- For the hunternot for the hunted Rainsford- The world is made up of two classes, the hunters and the hunteesHow is this foreshadowing? Traveling on yacht in the darkness of nightShip Trap IslandSailors have a curious dread of the place The place has reputation-a bad one Rainsford hears a gun fired 3 times and a high screaming sound, the sound of an animal in an extremity of anguish and terrorSomething was hunted and killed because Rainsford finds an empty cartridgeZaroff is waiting for RainsfordZaroff to Rainsford: I have done a rare thing. I have invented a new sensation

SuspenseUncertainty or anxiety the reader feels about what is going to happen next in a story.Whitney mentions the sailors fear of Ship-Trap Island.Rainsford lands on Ship-Trap IslandZaroff hunts RainsfordWill Rainsford escape or become the next victim, killed by the evil and weird Zaroff?

Metaphor and SimileMetaphor: making a comparison between 2 unlike things without using like or asExample: Those fishy blue eyesI could sleep without closing my eyes; the night would be my eyelidsSimile: making a comparison between 2 unlike things using like or as Example: The Caribbean night is like moist black velvetThe sea was as flat as a plate-glass window

Mooddominant impression or emotional atmosphere evoked by the text.MDG mood: tense and suspensefulExamples: List an example of the mood from the story (passage-3-4 sentences)NarrationWhat is the definition of narrator?What is 1st person point of view ?What is 3rd person omniscient?What is 3rd person limited?Most Dangerous game is told from which point of view (POV)?

ThemeDefinition: Central idea of a work of literatureNot the same as the subject, which can usually be expressed in a word or two: love, childhood, death.It is the idea the writer wishes to reveal about that subject. It can be expressed it an least one complete sentence: ex: Love is more powerful than family loyality, Romeo and Juliet

It is not directly stated in a work of literatureReader has to think of all the elements of the work and make an educated guess, or inference, about what the theme is. MDG: subject- murder, possible theme: Although murder is intense, it is still wrong.Subject-Hunting, possible theme: Hunting is murderShort Answer: ABCA-Answer the questionB-Bring in the text: a quote from the story related to the answerC- Connect with commentary: explain how the quote relates to the answerNOTE: You will only have 11 lines to write your responseShort Answer ModelWhat it Rainsfords primary conflict? A. Rainsfords primary conflict is to survive and not get killed by Zaroff. B. Rainsford held his breath. The generals eyeswere traveling inch by inch up the tree. Rainsford froze there, every muscle tensed for a spring. (p. 231) Look for a quote that strongly supports the answer in A C. Rainsford nervously tries to stay quiet, fearful that the general is aware of his presence .Connect A with B. Explain how the quote shows that Rainsford main conflict is to survive and avoid getting killed by Zaroff.Now put it all together as a paragraph (you will only have 11 lines)Rainsfords primary conflict is to survive and avoid getting killed by Zaroff. For example, Rainsford held his breath. The generals eyeswere traveling inch by inch up the tree. Rainsford froze there, every muscle tensed for a spring. (p. 231) . Rainsford nervously tries to stay quiet, fearful that the general is aware of his presence .Groups and Page assignmentsGroup 1Group 2Group 3Group 4Group 5Group 6Pg. 226 para. 6Pg. 229 para. 8 Pg. 231Para. 3Pg. 231Para. 4Pg. 234 para. 5Pg. 235 para. 2ManalAlexAliDanielManuelZach PennyFritzSabastionStephanieTaylorBryanKimberlyMelanieJoseYokoNadiaEddieMichaelChrisNicoleRobryannaAdaliStevenRoyceGabriellaKlarissaCaliRyanJesusIn your groups, you will find the passage assigned to you, record the page number in your notes and on the board, then write 3 ways the quote shows that Rainsfords primary conflict is to avoid death and stay alive. DO NOT ECHO THE TEXT. Once you have recorded this in your notes, you will write the page # and commentary on the board. Short Answer Response #1Take out a sheet of paperWrite name, class period, date in upper right hand cornerTitle : MDG short answer responsesWrite #1- copy questionHow does Rainsfords discussion about hunting at the start of the story foreshadow later developments? Write A-Answer the question, then write answerWrite B- Bring in the text, then write down a quote

AssignmentWrite C- Connect with commentary, then write how B connects with A1. shows_____________2. shows ____________ 3. shows ___________ When you have gone through the process of ABC, put all together as a paragraph (only use 11 lines)

Short Answer Question #2. Write #2- copy questionContrast Rainsford with Zaroff (show how they are different) Write A-Answer the question, then write answerWrite B- Bring in the text, then write down a quote

45AssignmentWrite C- Connect with commentary, then write how B connects with A1. shows_____________2. shows ____________ 3. shows ___________ When you have gone through the process of ABC, put all together as a paragraph (only use 11 lines)