Unit Four: Chapter 22 commemorate empathy complacent menial consensus niche deplete transcend diligentwaive.

Unit Four: Chapter 22

• commemorate • empathy

• complacent • menial

• consensus • niche

• deplete • transcend

• diligent • waive

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

1 commemorate

Commemorate means

A. to share.

B. to celebrate.

C. to believe.

– verb

• Thomas devoted himself to feeding the hungry. So on the anniversary of his death, it seems wrong to commemorate his life with a fancy dinner party that only the rich can attend.

• Each year, my parents commemorate their first date by having dinner at McDonalds, the place where they first met.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

1 commemorate

Commemorate means

A. to share.

B. to celebrate.

C. to believe.

– verb

• Thomas devoted himself to feeding the hungry. So on the anniversary of his death, it seems wrong to commemorate his life with a fancy dinner party that only the rich can attend.

• Each year, my parents commemorate their first date by having dinner at McDonalds, the place where they first met.

One would celebrate Thomas’s life on the anniversary of his death. Having dinner at the place where they first met would be a fitting way for the parents to celebrate the anniversary of their first date.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

2 complacent – adjective

Complacent means

A. very eager.

B. reasonable.

C. too much at ease.

• Elected officials cannot afford to be complacent about winning an election. Before long, they’ll have to campaign again for the voters’ support.

• Getting all A’s hasn’t made Ivy complacent. She continues to work hard at school.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

2 complacent – adjective

Complacent means

A. very eager.

B. reasonable.

C. too much at ease.

• Elected officials cannot afford to be complacent about winning an election. Before long, they’ll have to campaign again for the voters’ support.

• Getting all A’s hasn’t made Ivy complacent. She continues to work hard at school.

If the elected officials will soon have to campaign again, they cannot be too much at ease about winning the most recent election. If Ivy continues to work hard, getting all A’s must not have made her too much at ease with her schoolwork.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

3 consensus – noun

Consensus means

A. a majority view.

B. an unusual idea.

C. a question.

• A vote revealed strong agreement among the teachers. The consensus was that they would strike if the school board did not act quickly to raise their pay.

• The family consensus was that we should go camping again this summer. Ray was the only one who wanted to do something else for a change.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

3 consensus – noun

Consensus means

A. a majority view.

B. an unusual idea.

C. a question.

• A vote revealed strong agreement among the teachers. The consensus was that they would strike if the school board did not act quickly to raise their pay.

• The family consensus was that we should go camping again this summer. Ray was the only one who wanted to do something else for a change.

In the first item, the words strong agreement suggest that consensus means “a majority view.” In the second item, if Ray was the only family member who didn’t want to go camping, the majority view was that they should go camping.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

• I’d like to help you out with a loan, but unexpected car repairs have managed to deplete my bank account.

• In order not to deplete their small supply of canned food, the shipwreck survivors searched the island for plants they could eat.

4 deplete

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Deplete means

A. to use up.

B. to forget.

C. to find.

– verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

• I’d like to help you out with a loan, but unexpected car repairs have managed to deplete my bank account.

• In order not to deplete their small supply of canned food, the shipwreck survivors searched the island for plants they could eat.

4 deplete

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Deplete means

A. to use up.

B. to forget.

C. to find.

– verb

If the person can’t afford to help out with a loan, his or her car repairs must have used up the bank account. If the survivors searched for plants they could eat, they must have wanted not to use up their small supply of canned food.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Diligent means

A. self-satisfied.

B. lucky.

C. hard-working.

5 diligent – adjective

• I wish I had been more diligent about practicing piano when I was younger. It would be nice to be able to play well now.

• Diane was lazy when she first joined the family business, but she soon became so diligent that she inspired others to work harder.

A diligent worker

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Diligent means

A. self-satisfied.

B. lucky.

C. hard-working.

5 diligent – adjective

• I wish I had been more diligent about practicing piano when I was younger. It would be nice to be able to play well now.

• Diane was lazy when she first joined the family business, but she soon became so diligent that she inspired others to work harder.

If the person had been more hard-working about practicing the piano in the past, he or she would be able to play well now. The second item contrasts Diane’s former laziness with the fact that she is now hard-working.

A diligent worker

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Empathy means

A. a common opinion.

B. a sympathetic understanding.

C. an efficiency.

• Families who lost loved ones in the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon have empathy for one another because of their shared grief.

• Ms. Allan is an excellent career counselor partly because of her great empathy. She understands each student’s feelings and point of view.

6 empathy – noun

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Empathy means

A. a common opinion.

B. a sympathetic understanding.

C. an efficiency.

• Families who lost loved ones in the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon have empathy for one another because of their shared grief.

• Ms. Allan is an excellent career counselor partly because of her great empathy. She understands each student’s feelings and point of view.

6 empathy – noun

In the first item, the words shared grief suggest that empathy means “a sympathetic understanding.” In the second item, if Ms. Allan understands each student’s feelings and point of view, she has a sympathetic understanding of each student.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Menial means

A. unskilled.

B. steady.

C. satisfying.

• Julio seems to think my summer job delivering pizza is menial work, but I’ve found that it requires some skills.

• Every job can be done with pride. Even menial jobs such as washing windows or scrubbing floors can be performed with care.

7 menial – adjective

A man doing a menial task

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Menial means

A. unskilled.

B. steady.

C. satisfying.

• Julio seems to think my summer job delivering pizza is menial work, but I’ve found that it requires some skills.

• Every job can be done with pride. Even menial jobs such as washing windows or scrubbing floors can be performed with care.

7 menial – adjective

Although delivering pizza may seem like unskilled work, in fact it requires some skills. Washing windows and scrubbing floors are unskilled jobs.

A man doing a menial task

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Niche means

A. a shared opinion.

B. a suitable place.

C. an education.

• Although her degree was in accounting, Kendra decided her niche was really in business management, so she went back to school for more training.

• Dom spent the years after college moving restlessly from job to job, never finding a comfortable niche for himself.

8 niche – noun

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Niche means

A. a shared opinion.

B. a suitable place.

C. an education.

• Although her degree was in accounting, Kendra decided her niche was really in business management, so she went back to school for more training.

• Dom spent the years after college moving restlessly from job to job, never finding a comfortable niche for himself.

8 niche – noun

If Kendra went back for more training in business management, she must have decided that business management was work that suited her well (was a suitable place for her). If Dom moved restlessly from job to job, he must not have found a suitable place for himself.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Transcend means

A. to participate in.

B. to go past.

C. to use up.

• The psychic convinced her clients that she could transcend time and space and talk directly with the dead.

• Yoga can help one transcend the cares of the world and reach a state of relaxation.

9 transcend – verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Transcend means

A. to participate in.

B. to go past.

C. to use up.

• The psychic convinced her clients that she could transcend time and space and talk directly with the dead.

• Yoga can help one transcend the cares of the world and reach a state of relaxation.

9 transcend – verb

In order to talk directly with the dead, the psychic would have to go past time and space. In order to reach a state of relaxation one must rise above (go past) the cares of the world.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Waive means

A. to lose.

B. to honor.

C. to give up.

10 waive • The defendant decided to waive his right to an attorney and,

instead, speak for himself in court.

• Since Lin had studied so much math on her own, the school waived the requirement that she take high school algebra.

– verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXTChoose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Waive means

A. to lose.

B. to honor.

C. to give up.

10 waive • The defendant decided to waive his right to an attorney and,

instead, speak for himself in court.

• Since Lin had studied so much math on her own, the school waived the requirement that she take high school algebra.

– verb

If the defendant was going to speak for himself, he must have decided to give up his right to an attorney. If Lin had already learned the material on her own, the school would give up the requirement that she take algebra.