Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Name Textbook Connections: Starr, Evers ...

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Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Unit Packet

Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Name ______________________________ Textbook Connections: Starr, Evers, Starr: Chapters 11 and 12 Block _____________ Holt, Rinehart and Winston: Chapters 10 and 8 Campbell, Reece, Taylor, Simon and Dickey: Chapter 8

Learning Targets LT Check Test #1 Activities/Assignments I can explain the function and structure of different types of chromosomes.

Unit 5 Activity: Chromosomes (HRW 151-153) Unit 5 Notes and Discussion

I can explain the importance of cell division to living organisms and identify and explain the phases of the cell cycle.

Unit 5 Activity: Cell Division (HRW 154-155) Unit 5 Notes and Discussion

I can explain the process of mitosis and its purpose in the cell

Video/Animation: Mitosis Vocabulary Review Unit 5 Activity: Mitosis Card Activity Unit 5 Activity: On-line Mitosis Lab

I can compare and contrast meiosis and mitosis.

Video/Animation: Meiosis Unit 5 Notes and Discussion Unit 5 Activity: Compare and Contrast Meiosis and Mitosis

I can explain how the cell cycle is related to cancer and chromosomal abnormalities

Unit 5 Activity: Karyotyping Activity Unit 5 Notes and Discussion

Please note – Any activities or assignments not completed in class will be homework. LT Checks will be taken for each learning target and will be one of three assessments for the learning target. Low LT Check grades (below 4/5 or 8/10) may be retaken if a retake form is completed on time, the LT Check is taken on the day determined by the students on the retake form, and all practice work is completed for the learning target(s). The other two assessments will be two tests. These tests will worth 50 points (Test #1) and 25 points (Test #2). The point values will switch if the student performs better on Test #2 and has all assignments completed. Retakes of LT Checks must be completed by Test #2 for the unit. LT 1: I can explain the function and structure of different types of chromosomes. Vocabulary: centromere,chromosomes,sisterchromatids,chromatin,haploid,diploid,autosomes,sexchromosomes

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Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Unit Packet

Unit5Activity:ChromosomesReadpages151-153andtakenotes.Aftertakingthenotes,workinagroupof3-4anddevisealistofthe10mostimportantconceptsfromthereading.Fillawhiteboardwithwordsandimagesthatexplainthereading.Wewillthendiscussasaclasswitheachgroupcontributing.LT1CheckforUnderstanding: 1.WhereisDNAintheeukaryoticcellfound?WhatisthemosttypicalformofDNA?2.WhydoestheDNAwraparoundproteinstomakechromatin?Whatarethoseproteinscalled?3.WhathappenstotheDNAwhentheeukaryoticcellisgettingreadytodivide?4.Drawanunduplicatedchromosomeandaduplicatedchromosome.Labelallparts.5.Whatarethetwoidenticalhalvesofaduplicatedchromosomecalled?Whatholdsthemtogether?6.Whichchromosomedeterminesthesexofhuman?Howdofemalesandmalesdifferwiththischromosome?Whatareyourotherchromosomescalled?

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Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Unit Packet

7.DescribethedifferencebetweenanXchromosomeandaYchromosome.8.Whydoyouhavepairsofchromosomes?9.Whatisthedifferencebetweenhaploidanddiploidcells?Whichcellsinyourbodyarehaploid?Whichcellsarediploid?Whydoesyourbodyneedbothhaploidanddiploidcells?Whichisalsocalledn?Whichisalsocalled2n?10.Explainchromosomesinthehumanbody:howmanyinabodycell,howmanyinasperm/eggcell,howmanyareautosomes,howmanyaresexchromosomes? LT 2: I can explain the importance of cell division to living organisms and identify and explain the phases of the cell cycle. Vocabulary: spindle, nuclear envelope, S phase, G1 phase, G2 phase, interphase, mitosis, G0 phase, binary fission, mitosis, meiosis, cytokinesis Unit5Activity:CellDivision Readpages154-155andtakenotes.Aftertakingthenotes,workinagroupsoftwotocreate1)aconceptmapconnectingthevocabularywords(prokaryotes,eukaryotes,binaryfission,celldivision,mitosis,meiosis,gametes,interphase,mitosis,cytokinesis)and2)picturesnotestoexplaininterphaseLT2CheckforUnderstanding:1. Review:Explainthedifferencebetweenaprokaryoticcellandaeukaryoticcell.Besuretoincludedifference

inchromosomesinyouranswer.

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Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Unit Packet

2. Review:Whattypesoforganismshaveprokaryoticcells?Whattypesoforganismshaveeukaryoticcells?Whichtypeoforganismevolvedfirst?

3.Prokaryoticcellsdividebyaprocesscalled_______________________________thatresultsin2identicalcells.4.Bodycellsineukaryotesdivideby_______________________togrowandrepairwhilespecificothercellsineukaryotesdivideby___________________________toproducegametes.5.Basedonyourreviewquestionsabove,whichprocessevolvedfirst:binaryfission,mitosisormeiosis?6.Listthethreestagesofthecellcycleinorderstartingafteracellsplits.1. 2. 3.7.Listthephasesofinterphaseinorderandabriefdescriptionofwhathappensineachphase.8.WhywouldacellenteraG0phase?9.Explainthedifferencebetweenchromatin,chromosomeandchromatid(reviewofLT1).WhatphaseofthecellcyclehaseachformofDNA?

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Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Unit Packet

10.Mitosisisthedivisionofthe______________________whilecytokinesisisthedivisionofthe_____________.11.Howdoescytokinesisdifferinaplantcellversusananimalcell? LT 3: I can explain the process of mitosis and its purpose in the cell Vocabulary: spindle,centromere,centrioles,anaphase,telophase,prophase,metaphase,kinetochore Unit5Activity:PhasesofMitosisUnit5Activity:On-lineMitosisLabLT4CheckforUnderstanding:1.Explaintheroleofthespindle,thecentromereandthecentriolesinmitosis.Spindle:Centromere:Centrioles:2.Howmanychromosomeswouldeachnewcellhaveafterahumanbodycelldividesbymitosis/cytokinesis?Isthenewcellhaploidordiploid?3.Howmanychromosomeswouldeachnewcellofadiploidcellwith12chromosomeshaveafteritdividesbymitosis/cytokinesis?Isthenewcellhaploidordiploid?4.Inwhatphaseofthecellcycledoesthecellspendmostofitslife?___________________________

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Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Unit Packet

5.Forthefollowingpictures,identifythephaseofmitosisbywritingthephaseonthelinebeneaththepicture.All4phasesofmitosisarerepresented.List1-2thingsthathappeninthephaseunderneaththeline.Intheboxnexttoeachpicture,writeanumbertoplacetheminthecorrectorder.______________________________ ________________________________Describewhatishappening: Describewhatishappening: _______________________________ _________________________________Describewhatishappening: Describewhatishappening:

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Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Unit Packet

Forthedescriptionsbelow,writethephaseofthecellcycle(notjustmitosis)described.Phasesmaybeusedmorethanonce.6._______________________ Nuclearenvelopebeginstodisappear7._______________________ Chromatidsreachtheendsofthespindleandtwonucleireform

8._______________________ Cellgrows,moremitochondriaareproduced9._______________________ Thecytoplasmdividesandtwonewcellsareformed.10._______________________ Centromeresplits,chromatidsseparateandbegintomoveapart

11._______________________ Spindlebeginstoform12._______________________ Chromosomeslineupinthemiddleorequatorofthespindle/cell13._______________________ DNAduplicatesandisintheformofchromatin14._______________________ Chromatincoilsupintochromosomes15._______________________ Inplantcells,anewcellwallforms LT 4: I can compare and contrast meiosis and mitosis. Vocabulary: gamete,zygote,geneticvariation,tetrad,crossingover,sexualreproduction,prophase/metaphaseI,homologouschromosomes,geneticrecombination,synapsis,chiasma Activity#4:MeiosisUsingpages161-163,workwithapartnertoanswerthefollowingquestions:1.Definethefollowingwords:

A)Synapsis:

B)Tetrad:

C)Crossingover:

2.HowisprophaseIdifferentfromprophaseinmitosis?(picturesonpages162and156)

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Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Unit Packet

3. WhathappenstothetetradsinmetaphaseI?

4. WhatistheroleofthespindlefibersinmetaphaseI?

5. HowismetaphaseIdifferentthanmetaphaseinmitosis?(picturesonpages162and156)

6. WhathappenstothehomologouschromosomesinanaphaseI?

7. DefineIndependentAssortment.

8. HowisanaphaseIdifferentthananaphaseinmitosis?

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Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Unit Packet

9. HowmanycellsareformedattheendoftelophaseI?_________________10. Howarethesecellsdifferentthanthecellsformedattheendoftelophaseinmitosis?Besuretoincludenor

2ninyourdescription.11. WhyismeiosisIInecessary?12. HowmanycellsareformedbytheendofmeiosisII?_____________13. Howarethesecellsdifferentfromtheonesfoundattheendofmitosis?CheckforUnderstanding:1.Whatarehomologouschromosomes?Howdotheylineupinmitosis?Howdotheylineupinmeiosis?2.Whataretetrads?Whyaretheynecessaryinmeiosis,butnotmitosis?3.Whyismeiosisnecessaryfortheformationofsexcells?4.Whatiscrossingover?Whendoesitoccur?Howdoesitcontributetogeneticvariationandthusspeciesvariation?

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Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Unit Packet

5.Describehowthefollowingphasesaredifferentinmeiosisandmitosis:

A) mitosisprophaseandmeiosisIprophase

B) mitosismetaphaseandmeiosisImetaphase6.Howdothetwophasesofmeiosisinquestion#5contributetogeneticandspeciesvariation?7.Ahumanbodycellcontains___________chromosomes,butahumansexcell(gamete)contains____________chromosomes.8.Review:Whatisthedifferencebetweenahaploidcellandadiploidcell?Whichtypeisabodycell?Whichtypeisaneggorspermcell?9.Definegeneticrecombination.10.Whenahumaneggandspermcombine,a________________________formswith46chromosomes.Isthiscellnor2n?

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Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Unit Packet

11.MakeaVennDiagrambelowtocompareandcontractmeiosisandmitosis.BesuretoincludeATLEAST3similaritiesand3differences.Moreisevenbetter!!LT 5: I can explain how the cell cycle is related to cancer and chromosomal abnormalities Vocabulary: cancer, nondisjunction, trisomy, karyotype Unit 5 Activity: Karyotyping Unit 5 Reading Activity: Pages 144-147 CRTS&D LT 5 Check for Understanding: 1.Whatiscancer?2.Howdoproteinsrelatetocancer?Whathappensifthewrongproteinsaresynthesized?Whyarethewrongproteinssynthesized?3.Whatenvironmentalfactorscancontributetocancerformation?4.Howdocancercellsdifferfromnormalbodycells?Whyarethesedifferencesbeneficialtocancercellsandmakethemmoredifficulttoremove?

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Unit 5: Cell Reproduction Unit Packet

5.Whatisthedifferencebetweenbenignandmalignanttumors? 6. What is metastasis? 7. How does a karyotype help to identify certain conditions? Name and describe 3 different conditions that can be identified by a karyotype. Describe each condition (symptoms, chromosome # affected) 8. Could a karyotype identify cancer? Why or why not? 9.Whatisnondisjunction?Whendoesitoccur?Howdoesitcausetheconditionsdescribedin#7?10.Whyarechromosomalabnormalitiesofsexchromosomeslessdamagingthanthoseaffectingautosomes?CCRSScores:CCRS#1(productivity): SC DV BG CCRS#2(collaboration):SC DV BG CCRS#3(feedback): SC DV BG CCRS#4(respect): SC DV BGChooseoneCCRSstandardandwriteonesentenceexplaininghowyoucanimprove(evenifyouaresecure).