Romanesque: artistic stylein Western Europe between 9th and 12th centuries. First international style of the
Middle Ages. Spread thanks monastic orders, the
Crusades and pilgrimages.
Religious art (for glorifying God), in rural areas.
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
Materials: Stone
Typologies:Religious architecture: churches and monasteries.
Floor plansMostly Latin cross. - 1, 3 or 5 aisles separated by arches. - Crossing, covered with a dome (cimborrio).
- Head: semi-circular apses. - In pilgrimage churches:
- Tribune- Ambulatory
Holding elements: - Walls Thick Few windows. - Columns and cross-shaped pillars decorated capitals. - Buttresses outside.
Hold elements:- Semi-circular arches. - Barrel vaults.- Groin vault.
Saint Sernin of Toulouse
Sainte Foy de Conques
Durham Cathedral
Pisa Cathedral
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
Main topics: - Bible- Life of Christ- Virgin with child (Theothrone)- Saints- Final Judgement (Pantocrator)
PAINTING:- Wall paintings: on the churches’ walls. Mostly in the apses. Adapted to the
frame.- On wood. - Miniatures: for illustrating manuscripts. - Plain and uniform colours, no perspective, dark lines. - Hierarchical perspective. - Themes: Pantocrator, biblical scenes, etc.
Pantocrator
San Clemente de Tahull
Theothrone
Santa María de Tahull
Altar
Jesus and the Apostles
La Seud’Urgell
Worcester Chronicle
SCULPTURE:Relieves: inserted in the walls, adapted to the frame.
In entrances (archivolts and tympanums) and capitals. Round bulge sculpture (de bulto redondo).
Wood or ivory.Christ in the cross, Theothrone Virgin.
Static, rigid, no perspective.