UNIT 2 – THE MIDDLE AGES Chapter 13 – European Middle Ages Chapter 14 – the Formation of Western Europe.

UNIT 2 – THE MIDDLE AGESChapter 13 – European Middle Ages

Chapter 14 – the Formation of Western Europe

OBJECTIVESCORE OBJECTIVE: Describe the political

structures and systems that changed Europe during the Middle Ages and the Formation of Western EuropeObjective 2.2: Summarize the impact of

feudalism & the code of chivalry Objective 2.3: Describe the Christian Church’s structure and

influence on Europe

THEME: Europe will become fragmented during its decline after the fall of Rome and new cultures will emerge.

European Middle Ages,

500–1200 SECTION 1

SECTION 2

SECTION 3

SECTION 4

Charlemagne Unites Germanic Kingdoms

Feudalism in Europe The Age of Chivalry

The Power of the Church

UNIT 2 - CHAPTER 13

CHAPTER 13 SECTION 2

FUEDALISM IN EUROPE

Feudalism, a political and economic system based on land-holding and protective alliances, emerges in Europe.

Invaders AttackThe Vikings Invade from the North

Warlike Vikings raid Europe from Scandinavia Viking were seafaring nomadic Germanic tribes, called

Northmen Eventually, many Vikings adopt Christianity and become farmers

Magyars and Muslims Attack from the East and South Magyars (Hungarian nomads) invade western Europe in late 800s Muslims strike north from Africa, attacking through Italy and

Spain Viking, Magyar, Muslim invasions cause widespread disorder,

suffering

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VIKING SHIPS

Viking long ships sail in shallow water, allowing raids inland up rivers

72 oars, 20 tons, could sail in 3 ft of water

European Invasions

FEUDALISMFeudalism Structures Society

850 to 950, FEUDALISM emerges—political system based on land control

A lord (landowner) gives fiefs (land grants) in exchange for services

Vassals—people who receive fiefs—become powerful landholders

The Feudal Pyramid Power in feudal system much like a pyramid, with king at the top Kings served by nobles who are served by knights; peasants at

bottom

Knights—horsemen—defend their lord’s land in exchange for fiefs

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THE FEUDAL PYRAMI

D

Medieval feudal system classifies people into three

social groups

those who fight: nobles and knights

those who pray: monks, nuns, leaders of the Church

those who work: peasants

SOCIAL CLASSES

Social class is usually inherited; majority of people are peasants Most peasants are serfs — people lawfully bound

to place of birth Serfs aren’t slaves, but what they produce belongs to

their lord WRITE THIS

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THE MANOR SYSTEM

The lord’s estate, a manor, has an economic (business) system:

Serfs maintain the lord’s estate, give grainThe lord provides housing, farmland, protection

from bandits

A Self-Contained World Medieval manors include lord’s house, church,

workshops, village Manors cover a few square miles of land, are largely

self-sufficient

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Research – Manor Lifepg. 362

#1 - What is located on a medieval Manor?#2 - How many families live in the village?

#3 - What do the peasants produce?#4 - What type of taxes do peasants pay?

#5 - What was the general life expectancy of a peasant?

• #6 - How far did they travel during their lifetime?