Unit 2 - Mesopotamia Achievements
Jan 05, 2016
Unit 2 - Mesopotamia
Achievements
Please copy this.Question Mesopotamian
AccomplishmentsImpact on today Visual
How did technology and culture influence
future civilizations?
Writing
The Sumerians invented the world’s first system of writing - Cuneiform.
Cuneiform• The ancient Sumerians believed in education.
Record keeping was very important to them. They wanted their sons to learn how to read and write.
• Their written language began as pictographs, pictures of things that acted as words. Pictographs worked, but they were rather cumbersome (difficult to work with).
• Soon, the clever ancient Sumerians started to use wedge-shaped symbols for objects and ideas instead of pictures.
• Today, we call this written language of wedge-shaped symbols cuneiform.
Writing• We know a great deal about the ancient
Sumerian civilization from the written records they left behind in stone and clay. The ancient Sumerians kept excellent records and lists of things.
• They listed:– household goods– court activity– sales and purchases– list of their kings that was updated from time to
time, as new kings came to power.
Words
• Some Mesopotamian words are still in use today.
• Words like:– crocus, which is a flower,
and – saffron, which is a spice,
are words borrowed from the ancient Mesopotamians.
Does any of this impact your
society?
Gilgamesh• One of the best things the ancient Sumerians
wrote down was a great story called The Epic of Gilgamesh. The Epic (long poem) of Gilgamesh is perhaps the oldest recorded story in the world.
• It tells about the adventures of a king of Uruk, one of the city-states in ancient Sumer. King Gilgamesh may actually have existed. His name is on the list of Sumerian kings, a list we know about because the ancient Sumerians wrote it down.
Gilgamesh
• According to the story, Gilgamesh was not just a hero. He was the first superhero!
• He was part god and part human. He had many special powers.
Do you have super heros in your society?
Advances & Inventions
– Advances and Inventions – Mesopotamians achieved in many forms of technology!• Wheel• Sailboat• Plow• Sewers• Bronze tools and weapons• Glass and Jewelry• Math• Science
– Astronomers and the Lunar Calendar
• Medicine
• Frying pans• Razors• Cosmetic sets• Shepherd’s pipes• Harps• Kilns to cook bricks and
pottery• Bronze hand tools like
hammers and axes• Plow seeder
Math and Science
• They invented a system of mathematics based on the number 60.
• Today, we divide an hour into 60 minutes, and a minute into 60 seconds.
• Circles divided into 360 degrees.
• Year into 12 months.
Sumerian Calendar
Science Calendars
were created to keep track of the seasons – and more importantly – the Floods!
Are any of these accomplishments
in your society today?
Art
– The Arts – the Mesopotamians designed great building and numerous works of art!• Architecture – the study of
building– Arch
• Ziggurat• Music• Instruments• Sculptures• Jewelry• Cylinders
Lyre – plays music
Ziggurat – with arches as doorways
Cylinders• A cylinder seal is a cylinder
engraved with a 'picture story', used in ancient times to roll an impression onto a two-dimensional surface, generally wet clay. Cylinder seals were invented around 3500 BC.
• Cylinder seals are important to historians as they often tell a story about a specific timeline and civilization. Images depicted on cylinder seals were mostly theme-driven, often sociological or religious
Seals and Cylinders
Is anything you just read about
influencing your society?