&4 4 w w w w w w w Unit 13 Guided Study Notes (found on Weebly) Lesson 51 & Activity #1, 'Triads - 1st Inversion' (page 83) - Let's start with important 'Terms' for Lesson 51/Activity #1 , found on page 120 (please memorize): • Triad: A 3-note chord consisting of a root, 3rd, & 5th (p. 74) • Root Position: When the Root of the Chord is on the bottom (p. 74) [also called 'Beach-ball' position] • Major Triad/Chord: A 3-note chord consisting of a root, Major 3rd, & Perfect 5th (p. 74) • Inversion: The notes of a Triad or Chord are rearranged and a tone other than the root is the bottom (bass) note of the Chord (p. 83) • 1st Inversion: The notes of a Triad or Chord are rearranged so the 3rd is the bottom note of the Chord (p. 83) • Open Position: Notes of a Chord are spaced greater than an octave (p. 83) • Close Position: Notes of a Chord are spaced within an octave (p. 83) Review Question : let's review 'Beach-Ball Position' (Unit 12) by asking if you can recognize when a Triad or Chord is in 'Root Position', as in Example 13-1, below? C G7 Eb Bb7 D A7 G D7 Checkpoint #1: All the chords, above, are in 'Root Position' because: 1. The Root is the bass or bottom note 2. All 3 (or 4) chord notes look like neatly stacked 'Beach-Balls' 3. All chord notes are on a LINE, or All chord notes are on a SPACE Example #13-1: Explore 'Root Position' 5th 3rd Root 7th 5th 3rd Root w w w b b w w w w A b 5th 3rd Root 7th 5th 3rd Root w w w # w w w w # Stacked Beach Balls 5th 3rd Root 7th 5th 3rd Root w w w w w w w # 5th 3rd Root 7th 5th 3rd Root & b # # 5 w w w Example #13-2: Key of C Major: Key of F Major: Key of D Major: C C/E F F/A D D/F# I I 6 I I 6 I I 6 NEW Learning Target: Any root position triad (or V7 chord) may be changed by moving the root (bass or bottom note) of the chord to another position. This is called an INVERSION--it means the notes are rearranged and a tone other than the root is the bottom note of the chord. ound on Weebly). Study Example #13-2, below. • To get an idea of WHY we use 1st Inversion chords, study PAGE 12 5th 3rd Root w w w Root 5th 3rd & w w w 5th 3rd Root w w w Root 5th 3rd & w w w 5th 3rd Root w w w Root 5th 3rd & # # 13 w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w Chord Symbols: D Em F#m G A Bm C# o D I ii iii IV V vi vii o I An uppercase Roman Numeral indicates the chord is Major, a lowercase RN indicates the chord is minor & the o = diminished Example #13-3: Root Position chords in the Key of D Major NEW Learning Target: ALL chords are identified with 'Chord Symbols' above (the Root-Note NAME) AND with Roman Numerals below. Both use SPECIAL symbols to indicate INVERSIONS. Can you figure that out? • STUDY both Examples, below, to compare Root Position to 1st Inversion chords in D Major. Can you find the Chord Names? 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root & # # 14 w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w Chord Symbols: D/F# Em/G F#m/A G/B A/C# Bm/D C# o /E D/F# I 6 ii 6 iii 6 IV 6 V 6 vi 6 vii o6 I 6 The 'figured bass' symbol 6 written to the right of the Roman Numeral means the chord is in 1st inversion. When there is NO 'figured bass' symbol 6 to the right of the Roman Numeral, as in Example #3, the chord is in ROOT position. Example #13-4: 1st Inversion chords in the Key of D Major Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd Root 5th 3rd
22
Embed
Unit 13 Guided Study Notes, Use This One V2saamusictheory.weebly.com/uploads/1/0/5/8/105888677/unit_13_guided... · 23 & # www Unit 13 Lesson 51, 'Triads - 1st Inversion', page 83
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
& 44 wwwwwww
Unit 13 Guided Study Notes (found on Weebly)
Lesson 51 & Activity #1, 'Triads - 1st Inversion' (page 83)- Let's start with important 'Terms' for Lesson 51/Activity #1 , found on page 120 (please memorize):
• Triad: A 3-note chord consisting of a root, 3rd, & 5th (p. 74)
• Root Position: When the Root of the Chord is on the bottom (p. 74) [also called 'Beach-ball' position]
• Major Triad/Chord: A 3-note chord consisting of a root, Major 3rd, & Perfect 5th (p. 74)
• Inversion: The notes of a Triad or Chord are rearranged and a tone other than the root is the bottom (bass)
note of the Chord (p. 83)
• 1st Inversion: The notes of a Triad or Chord are rearranged so the 3rd is the bottom note of the Chord (p. 83)
• Open Position: Notes of a Chord are spaced greater than an octave (p. 83)
• Close Position: Notes of a Chord are spaced within an octave (p. 83)
Review Question: let's review 'Beach-Ball Position' (Unit 12) by asking if you can recognize when a Triad or Chord is in
'Root Position', as in Example 13-1, below?
C G7 Eb Bb7 D A7 G D7
Checkpoint #1:
All the chords, above, are in 'Root Position' because:
1. The Root is the bass or bottom note
2. All 3 (or 4) chord notes look like neatly stacked 'Beach-Balls'
3. All chord notes are on a LINE, or All chord notes are on a SPACE
Example #13-1: Explore 'Root Position'
5th
3rd
Root
7th
5th
3rd
Root
wwwbbwwwwAb
5th
3rd
Root
7th
5th
3rd
Root www#wwww#
Stacked Beach Balls
5th
3rd
Root
7th
5th
3rd
Root
www wwww#5th
3rd
Root
7th
5th
3rd
Root
& b # #5 www
Example #13-2: Key of C Major: Key of F Major: Key of D Major:
C C/E F F/A D D/F#
I I6 I I6 I I6
NEW Learning Target: Any root position triad (or V7 chord) may be changed by moving the root (bass or
bottom note) of the chord to another position. This is called an INVERSION--it means the notes are rearranged
and a tone other than the root is the bottom note of the chord. ound on Weebly). Study Example #13-2, below. • To get an idea of WHY we use 1st Inversion chords, study PAGE 12
5th
3rd
Root
www Root
5th
3rd
& www 5th
3rd
Root
www Root
5th
3rd & www 5th
3rd
Root
www Root
5th
3rd
& # #13 www www www www www www www www
Chord
Symbols: D Em F#m G A Bm C#o D
I ii iii IV V vi viio I
An uppercase Roman Numeral indicates the chord is Major, a lowercase RN indicates the chord is minor & the o = diminished
Example #13-3: Root Position chords in the Key of D Major
NEW Learning Target: ALL chords are identified with 'Chord Symbols' above (the Root-Note NAME) AND
with Roman Numerals below. Both use SPECIAL symbols to indicate INVERSIONS. Can you figure that out?• STUDY both Examples, below, to compare Root Position to 1st Inversion chords in D Major. Can you find the Chord Names?
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
& # #14
www www www www www www www wwwChord
Symbols: D/F# Em/G F#m/A G/B A/C# Bm/D C#o/E D/F#
I6 ii6 iii6 IV6 V6 vi6 viio6 I6
The 'figured bass' symbol 6 written to the right of the Roman Numeral means the chord is in 1st inversion. When there is NO
'figured bass' symbol 6 to the right of the Roman Numeral, as in Example #3, the chord is in ROOT position.
Example #13-4: 1st Inversion chords in the Key of D Major
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
&15 www ] no gap
in Root
Position
Example #13-5, below, shows Root, 1st & 2nd Inversions of the TONIC chord in C Major and how
to identify them with 'Chord Symbols' (above) and 'Roman Numerals':
ROOT 1st Inversion 2nd Inversion
chord symbol: C C/E C/G
I
Unit 13 Lesson 51, 'Triads - 1st Inversion', page 83
Activity: Let's hand out the 'paper' Note-Letter-Names C, E & G + the Treble Clef measure.
IMPORTANT! Click on this link from MusicTheory.net to learn more about Chord Inversions:
https://www.musictheory.net/lessons/42
Checkpoint #2 (answer these questions about the Tonic chords in Example #13-5, above):
1. Are all 3 chords C Major chords? Circle your answer: YES NO
2. What note is the Root of the C chord, above? Write your answer: __________
3. What note is the Root of the C/E chord, above? Write your answer: __________
4. What note is the Root of the C/G chord, above? Write your answer: __________
5. Has the Root name changed from one chord to another, above? Circle your answer: YES NO
6. What is the bass (bottom) note of the 1st inversion C/E chord, above? Write your answer: __________
7. What is the bass (bottom) note of the 2nd inversion C/G chord, above? Write your answer: __________
C (R)
E (3)
G (5)
5th
3rd
Root
www } gap is on the top
in 1st Inversion
I6
&C (R)
G (5)
E (3)
Root
5th
3rd
www } gap is on the bottom
in 2nd InversionI64
&E (3)
C (R)
G (5)
3rd
Root
5th
&20 www 5th
3rd
ROOT
Example #13-6 shows the 3 positions of the C Major Triad. Can you locate the Root in each position?
Chord Symbols: C C/E C/G
Roman Numerals: I I6 I64
Checkpoint #3 (answer these questions about the Tonic chords in Example #6, above):
1. Are all 3 chords C Major chords? Circle your answer: YES NO
2. Is the Root of the Chord the bass (bottom) note in 1st Inversion? Circle your answer: YES NO
3. Is the Root of the Chord the bass (bottom) note in 2nd Inversion? Circle your answer: YES NO
4. Is the Root of the Chord the bass (bottom) note in ANY 1st or 2nd Inversioin Chord?
Circle your answer: YES NO
MEMORIZE: the ROOT is NEVER the bass (bottom) note of ANY 1st or 2nd Inversion Chord!
www ROOT
5th
3rd
www 3rd
ROOT
5th
Unit 13 Guided Study Notes
2
&23 www#
Unit 13 Lesson 51, 'Triads - 1st Inversion', page 83
Learning Target: understand and memorize the 3-steps on how to write 'Chord Symbols':
1. Find the Root of the Chord and write it with an uppercase letter.
2. If the Chord is 'inverted' draw a forward slash (/) AFTER the uppercase letter name of the ROOT and write the uppercase
name of the Note in the bass (bottom) of the Chord.
3. Remember: in 1st or 2nd Inversion the ROOT of the chord will NEVER be the bass (bottom) note
OKAY, let's review how to write a Chord Symbol (Chord Letter-Name) IF the chord is Inverted:
• First, write the uppercase letter of the chordal ROOT, then draw a forward slash (/) then write the uppercase letter
of the bass (bottom) note.
• Remember, if the Chord is NOT in 'Beach-Ball' position, the ROOT will not be the bass (bottom) note of the Chord! ! !
• Next, TEST your knowledge by completing Exercises 1 & 2, below. Read and follow directions!
EXERCISE #13-1: write the Chord Symbol above each chord on the blank. If the Chord is inverted, put a / after the uppercase
name of the ROOT, then write the uppercase name of the bass (bottom) note. Check your answers below.
• The 'figured bass' symbol 64 written to the right of the Roman Numeral means the chord is in 2nd inversion. When there is NO
'figured bass' symbol 64 to the right of the Roman Numeral, as in Example #13-9, the chord is in ROOT position.
Example #13-11: 2nd Inversion chords in the Key of Ab Major:
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
3rd
Root
5th
Memorize the 'Figured Bass' Symbols for Triad inversions:
= Root Position [root is on the bottom (bass note)]
Note: NO symbol is needed to indicate Root Position!
6 = 1st Inversion [3rd is on the bottom (bass note)]
64 = 2nd Inversion [5th is on the bottom (bass note)]
Inversion Hot-Line Number: (664) 765-4342
&68
• Read, study, and complete Unit 13 Lesson 52, page 84. Remember, use Lesson 52 as a reference for homework, and
study Lesson 52 for the Unit 13 Test.
Unit 13 Guided Study Notes
5
Example 13-8a, examine Root, 1st & 2nd Inversions of the Tonic (I) Chord:
& b bbbb72 wwww
Unit 13 Lesson 53, 'V7 Chord---1st, 2nd and 3rd Inversions', page 85Learning Target: understand that a V7 (Dominant 7th) chord has FOUR notes and can be written in FOUR different positions:
Roott, 1st Inversion, 2nd Inversion and 3rd Inversion. A V7 chord is identified with both 'Chord Symbols' AND 'Roman Numerals'.
Study Example #13-12, below, and memorize:
• In Root Position the Root is in the bass (bottom note)
• In 1st Inversion the 3rd is in the bass (bottom note)
• In 2nd Inversion the 5th is in the bass (bottom note)
• In 3rd Inversion the 7th is in the bass (bottom note)
Example 13-12 --- the FOUR positions of the V7 chord in the Key of Db Major:
Ab7 Ab7/C Ab7/Eb Ab7/Gb
V7 V65 V43 V42
Root Position 1st Inversion 2nd Inversion 3rd Inversion
(root in bass) (3rd in bass) (5th in bass) (7th in bass)
• In 1st, 2nd and 3rd Inversions in CLOSE position, the ROOT is always the upper note of the interval of a 2nd.
7th
5th
3rd
Root
wwww ] Root is top
note of 2nd
Checkpoint #3, answer this question:
1. Is the bass (bottom) note of a chord ALWAYS the Root?
Circle the correct response: YES NO
Root7th
5th
3rd
wwww ] Root is top
note of 2nd
3rd
Root7th
5th
wwww ] Root is top
note of 2nd
5th
3rd
Root7th
& ## ##76 wwww
Example 13-13 --- the FOUR positions of the V7 chord in the Key of E Major:
B7 B7/D# B7/F# B/A
V7 V65 V43 V42
Root Position 1st Inversion 2nd Inversion 3rd Inversion
(root in bass) (3rd in bass) (5th in bass) (7th in bass)
• In 1st, 2nd and 3rd Inversions in CLOSE position, the ROOT is always the upper note of the interval of a 2nd.
• Read, study, and complete Unit 13 Lesson 52, page 85
• Remember, use Lesson 52 as a reference for homework, and study Lesson 53 for the Unit 13 Test.
7th
5th
3rd
Root
wwww ] Root is top
note of 2nd
Root7th
5th
3rd
wwww ] Root is top
note of 2nd
3rd
Root7th
5th
Checkpoint #3, answer this question:
1. Is the bass (bottom) note of a chord ALWAYS the Root?
Circle the correct response: YES NO
wwww ] Root is top
note of 2nd
5th
3rd
Root7th
&80 ∑
Memorize the 'Figured Bass' Symbols for V7 inversions:
7 = Root Position [root is on the bottom (bass note)]
65 = 1st Inversion [3rd is on the bottom (bass note)]
43 = 2nd Inversion [5th is on the bottom (bass note)]
42 = 3rd Inversion [7th is on the bottom (bass note)]
Inversion Hot-Line Number: (664) 765-4342
∑ ∑ ∑
&84 ∑ ∑ ∑ ∑
Unit 13 Guided Study Notes
6
&88www
Unit 13 Lesson 54, 'Figured Bass & Chord Symbols', page 86Learning Target: understand that numbers are added to the Roman Numeral to indicate Inversions. Memorize the
'Inversion Hot-Line Number' (664) 765-4342 to help you know what number(s) to use for the particular Inversion.
• The 'Figured Bass' symbols originated during the BAROQUE PERIOD (1600-1750) as a shorthand abbreviation of chords for
keyboard players.
• Study Example #13-14, below, and memorize:
• A 'Root Position' Triad uses NO number next to the Roman Numeral to indicate 'Root Position'
• A '1st Inversion' Triad uses the 'Figured Bass' number 6 next to the Roman Numeral to indicate 1st Inversion (3rd on bottom).
• A '2nd Inversion' Triad uses the 'Figured Bass' number 64 next to the Roman Numeral to indicate 2nd Inversion (5th on bottom)
∑ www
&91 ∑ ∑ ∑ ∑
? bbb 4495œ Œ œ Œ
EbM: 6 7 7 4 3 4-3 6 6
5 5 3
Example 13-15 is an example of a 'figured bass' line modulte to BbM: F7 Bb Cm7/Eb F Bb
Chord Symbols: Eb Bb/D Cm7 Bb7 Bb4-3 Eb Bb Cm Gm4-3 Ab Eb Fm Gm
œ Œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œn œ œ œ œ Œ
&
?
bbb
bbb
44
44100
œœœ Œ œœœ Œ
œ Œ œ ŒEbM: I V6 ii7 V7 V4-3 I V vi iii4-3 IV I ii iii Bb: V65 ii65 V I
Example 13-15a is an example of a 'realized' figured bass line modulte to BbM: F7 Bb Cm7/Eb F Bb
Chord Symbols: Eb Bb/D Cm7 Bb7 Bb4-3 Eb Bb Cm Gm4-3 Ab Eb Fm Gm
œ œ œ œ œœœ œ œœ œ œ œ
œ Œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ œ œJœ
œ œ œ Jœ
œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ œ œJœ œ œ œ Jœœ œ œ œ œ
œœ œœ œœ œœn œœœ œ œ œ Œœn œ œ œ œ Œ
&105
∑ ∑ ∑
Unit 13 Guided Study Notes
7
&108 www wwwFun Fact: Did you know that chords are named by the chord's Root note-letter-name? Can you name the chords above in #13-4?
Exercise #13-4 correlates with Unit 13 Activity #1, Exercise #4For Exercise #13-4, re-arrange each of the following 'Root' position chords into 1st Inversion, as shown in EX 1. Can you name
the Root, 3rd & 5th of each chord? R = Root & 1st = 1st Inversion
The 'Root' of the V7 (in 1st inversion) for EX 1 is E, and the KEY is AM. The 'root' of the E7 is the 5th scale degree in the KEY
of A Major (AM:). Study the A Major scale, below, to review where E7 is located in the KEY. The A Major scale, below, shows
the E7 in 'Root' position.
AM:
E
13-12
wwww# wwwwbbb wwwwbbbb
'Find the Root'!
For Exercise #13-12, write the name of the 'Root' for each of the V7 (Dominant 7th) chords on the blanks below each
chord, and the Key on the blank above each chord.
wwwwb wwwwbb wwww# wwww
& # # #188 w w w w wwwwa w wa w
Example 13-16, below, shows where the E7 (V7) belongs in its KEY of A Major (AM:)
E7 G# is 'ti' and 'leads' to 'do' (A)!
AM: V7
do re mi fa sol la ti do
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Notice that the 3rd of the V7 chord is 'ti' or the 'Leading Tone' in the KEY!HINT: find the 3rd of each V7 ('ti') and let that note ('ti') 'lead' you to 'do'
Example #13-16:
13-13 & 44189 www#
'Find the Root'!
For Exercise #13-13, below, write the major key of each primary triad above the staff (Find the 'Root'!)