Unit 12 She’s Leaving Home. Overview Warm-up New words and expressions A global picture A detailed study of Text I Practices & Homework.

Unit 12 She’s Leaving Home

Overview

• Warm-up

• New words and expressions

• A global picture

• A detailed study of Text I

• Practices & Homework

Warm-up — Discussion

• Do you remember the days when you were leaving for the university?

• How did you feel when you left home the first time for university?

• What does home mean to you?

New Words and Expressions

• Reading aloud (pa.185)

• Getting familiar with the new words– Word derivation– Word differentiation– Word association

Parts of SpeechVerbs (12)• clutter• slug• nurse• flounder• tease• lean• extend• ground• stroke• bolt• sway• smear

Adjectives (7)• open• distant• occasional• questioning• romanticized• bittersweet• horrible

Noun (10)• jumper• annoyance• spot• estrangement• outing• reminiscence• identity• tip• transition• goody

Word DerivationVerbs Nouns Adjectives

lean lean lean

extend extension extensive

reminisce reminiscence reminiscent

identify identity identical

transit transition transitional

transitive

question question questioning

horrify horror horrible

romanticize romanticism

romance

romanticized

Word DerivationV. clutter flounder smear

N. clutter flounder smear

V. slug stroke annoy

N. slug stroke annoyance

V. nurse bolt estrange

N. nurse bolt estrangement

V. tease sway

N. tease sway

Word DifferentiationExtent; extend; expand• The chairperson extended a warm welcome to the

guest speaker. • The Sahara Desert extends for miles. (=reaches) • From the top of the Empire State Building, you can

see the full extent of Manhattan (=the area it covers).• Rosie’s teacher was impressed by the extent of her

knowledge.• The air in the balloon expands when heated. • They expanded their retail operations during the

1990s.

Word Differentiation

Stroke vs. Strike• She lovingly stroked Chris’s face with the tips of her

fingers. (=move… gently over)• Don’t be frightened, just give the horse a stroke. • She suffered/had a stroke which left her unable to

speak. (=a sudden change in the blood supply)• Have you ever been struck by lightning? (=hit or

attack)• Her car went out of control and struck an oncoming

vehicle.

Word DifferentiationSmear vs. Swear• She swore blind (that) she didn’t know what had

happened to the money. (=promise definitely)• In some countries, witnesses in court have to swear

on the Bible.• A few of us knew what was going to happen, but we

were sworn to secrecy.• The children had smeared peanut butter all over the

sofa. (=spread… over a surface)• Can you explain why the front of your car is smeared

with blood?


• Outing vs. Hiking

• Rosie’s going on a class outing to the Museum of Modern Art. (=a short pleasure trip for a group of people)

• We’re going hiking in the Lake District next weekend. (=go for a long walk in the countryside)


Slug vs. Slap• She slugged him and he fell against the bar. (=hit har

d with the fist) slug <AmE= bullet>• She slapped his face. (=hit with the flat part of the ha

nd or other flat object)• When her ideas were rejected, she slapped her report

(down) on the table and stormed out of the meeting.• His friend slapped him on the back when he said he

was getting married. (=hit lightly to show friendliness)


Bolt vs. Sway• The thief tried to make a bolt for the exit.• Don’t bolt your food like that — you’ll get

indigestion. (=eat very quickly)• The trees were swaying in the wind. (=move slowly

from side to side)• The movement of the ship caused the mast to sway

from side to side.• Recent developments have swayed the balance of

power in the region.

Word DifferentiationTease vs. Lean • I was only teasing, I didn’t mean to upset

you.• She leaned forward and whispered

something in my ear.• I sat down next to Bernard, who leaned over

to me and said, “You’re late.”• Lean your head back a bit.• That fence is leaning to the right.


Identity vs. Identification• We were asked to show some identification before

the security guards would let us in.• The man’s identity was being kept secret while he

was helping police with enquiries.• The information was given a new identity for

protection. (=a different name and new official documents)

• In prison people often suffer from a loss of identity.


Romanticized vs. Romantic

• Stop romanticizing! Nothing’s that perfect.

• You used to be so romantic, but now you never tell me that you love me.


Floundered vs. Confused• Although his business was a success, his

marriage was floundering.• In 1986 Richardson resigned as chairman,

leaving the company floundering.• You’re confusing him! Tell him slowly and one

thing at a time.• You’re confusing me with my sister, she’s the

one studying drama. (=mix up)

Conversion （词类转化）• You can happy your friend,

malice or foot your enemy, or fall an axe on his neck.

— William Shakespeare

• Conversion, or functional shift, is a kind of word-formation process, in which a noun or an adjective may be converted into a verb.

Examples of Conversion

Nouns • eye 眼睛• nose 鼻子• lip 嘴唇• beard 胡子• brain 脑子• knee 膝盖• elbow 肘

Verbs• to eye 看• to nose 闻，察出• to lip 接吻• to beard 公然面对 / 反抗• to beard 砍破脑袋• to knee 用膝盖撞击• to elbow 用肘推


Nouns• worm 虫• dog 狗• fish 鱼• fox 狐狸• ape 猿• mouse 老鼠• wolf 狼

Verbs• to worm into one’s confidence • to dog one’s footsteps• to fish out 套出话来；掏出• to fox 欺骗• to ape 模仿• to mouse 暗中追踪• to wolf 狼吞虎咽


Nouns• father 父亲• mother 母亲• nurse 护士，保姆• bottle 瓶子• corner 角落• ground 地面

Verbs• to father 做父亲• to mother 抚养• to nurse 照料 , （婴儿）吃奶• to bottle 装瓶• to corner 使走投无路• to ground 搁浅，罚（孩子）

不准出去


Adjectives• round 圆的• sour 酸的• wet 潮湿的• dry 干的• narrow 狭窄的• brave 勇敢的• bare 赤裸的

Verbs• to round 使成圆形• to sour 使成酸味• to wet 使之潮湿• to dry 变干• to narrow 使之……狭窄• to brave 冒着……，敢于• to bare 暴露

Oxymoron （矛盾修饰）• In oxymoron apparently contradictory

terms are combined to produce a special effect.– When the news of the failure came, all his

friends said that it was a victorious defeat.– She read the long awaited letter with a

tearful smile.

Examples of Oxymoron

• bittersweet memories• sweet sorrow• a wise fool• a foolish wise• true lies• cold fire• living death• honest thief

• He is guilty of being innocent.

• No light, only darkness visible.

— Paradise Lost by John Milton

Understanding the New Words

Clutter

• The room is ~ed (up) with boxes and stuff.


jumper = pullover

• cardigan 开衫• blouse 宽松外套• nightgown 女睡衣• slacks 长裤• jerkin 猎装• jellaba 连帽外衣


Goody → <often pl.> <infml.> Goodies

• She had got us all sorts of delicious goodies for tea.

A Global Picture

• What type of writing is the text?

• Narration.

• What is the author’s purpose of writing?

• To unveil the author’s emotion as a mother when her child is leaving home.

Overview

• Review

• Detailed Study of the Text– Comprehension– Sentence Highlight – Language Points– Emily Dickinson

Review — Words• The room was c______ up with toys.• “Go away!” she replied with a__________.• My wife likes to wear a j________ over a blouse in

autumn.• The two men s_______ each other until both fell

down to the ground.• The two boys are d________ relatives.• The quarrel led to a complete e______________

between her and her family.

lutterednnoyance

umper

lugged

istantstrangement

Review — Words• Don’t take it seriously. He was only t________ you.• His r______________ of the war attracted a very

large audience.• When he told me the story, I cast a q________

glance at him.• The h_______ accident caused the bridge to

collapse.• The thief b______ at the sight of a policeman.

easing

eminiscences

uestioning

orrible

olted

Structure of the Text

Part I

(para.1-8)Part II

(para.9-12)Part III

(para.13-16)Part IV

(para.17-20)

The touching event —

Allie is back tome

A recall of thepast when I took

good care of Allie and kept

her close to me

I want the romant-icized parting, but

Allie has concealedher feeling andis cold to me

My daughter Allie is leaving

home for univer-sity and there are changes inher mood and

actions

Comprehension Questions

• What preparations has Allie made for her university life?

• Why is Allie impatient with her mother?

• Why do you think paragraph 8 changes from the present tense into the past tense?

• What do you think of the writer as a mother?

Comprehension Questions• How did the writer keep her daughter close to her

when her daughter was in her teens and when she studied at secondary school?

• What is the most horrible of all mother phrases according to the author?

• What are the tips for parents from Allie’s university?

• In what way does the author respond to her daughter when she finishes reading the tips?

Comprehension

• The simple present tense used in the text renders accounts or narrations of events more vivid, more direct and more dramatic. It appears that everything described by means of the simple present tense emerges directly before your eyes.

Sentence Highlight

• Her face, once so open and trusting, is closed to me. (para.7)

• Her face, which indicated that she was ready to accept opinions from others and trust others, now shows that she is not willing to listen to me and trust me.

Sentence Highlight

• When other mothers were already the estrangement they felt with their adolescent daughters, I hit upon a solution: rescue raids. (para.10)

• When other mothers were already turned away in affection by their teenage daughters, an idea of how to solve the problem suddenly occurred to me: take quick action to keep my daughter close to me.

Sentence Highlight

• I want the romanticized version. (para.13)

• I want the kind of parting characterized by emotional words and behavior.

Sentence Highlight• But as she prepares to depart, Allie’s feelings have

gone underground. (para.14)

• But as she gets ready to leave home for university, Allie’s feelings have been concealed or covered up.

• However, as she is about to go to university, Allie has hidden or covered up her feelings.

Sentence Highlight

• Some say the tighter your bond with your child, the greater her need to break away, to establish her own identity in the world. (para.15)

• Some people tell me that the closer your rein over your child, the greater her need to stay away from you to set up her own identity in the world.

Language Points• Leave for (para.1): go away in order to go to

– When shall we leave for the party?

• Future tense– We’re inviting several friends to a party.– I’m going to stay at home and write letters.– The train gets in at 7:30.– The Prime Minister is to visit Canada next month.– I was about to go to bed when there was a knock at the

door.

Language Points

• Blanket (para.1) rug

carpet

Language Points• Give sb a look (para.3):

• Look: expression on sb’s face– Mike gave him such a severe look that he didn’t dare to a

rgue.– He gave me a funny look.– She threw him a dirty look.– They exchanged meaningful looks.

Language Points• Open (para.7)

– I’m always ~ to suggestions.– Let’s be ~ with each other.– He’s an extremely frank and ~ person.

• Struggle to (para.7): try extremely hard to achieve– They struggled just to pay their bills.– She’s struggling to bring up a family on a very low

income.

Language Points• Adventure (para.7):

– When you are a child, life is one big ~.

• Sigh (para.8):– She sighed with relief that it was all over.

• Cf: sign…out (para.10): to write sb’s name when leaving– You must sign guest out when they leave the club. 客人

离开俱乐部时，你必须为他们签退。

Language Points• might have done (para.8):

– The pills might have helped him, if only he’d taken them regularly.

– I might have said something improper to make her angry.

• would do (para.10)– When my parents were away, my grandmother would

take care of me.– He’d always be the first to offer to help.

Language Points

• Connect (pa.9): <esp Am E> form a good relationship with sb so that you like and understand each other– They met a couple of times but they didn’t really ~.

• Spot (para.9):– This looks a nice ~ for a picnic. (=a particular place)

– The police were called and they were on the ~ within three minutes.

– You can be sacked on the ~ for stealing. (=immediately)

• Nurse (para.9):– He gave up his job so that he could ~ his mother at home. (=care

for while they are ill)

– These young trees were carefully ~d by the head gardener.

– She ~d the crying child on her lap.

• Lock eyes (para.9):– His teeth locked together in anger.

– Several cars were ~ed together in the crash.

– They ~ed arms and walked off.

– The lovers were ~ed together in a long kiss.

Language Points• Hit upon (para.10):

– She hit upon the perfect title for her new novel.– I hit my head on the low doorway.

• Rescue raids (para.10): sudden quick attacks with the intention to save sb– They were arrested during a dawn raid.– They carried out a bombing raid on enemy bases.– They navy are on a search and rescue mission.

Language Points• Show up (para.10):

– Did everyone you invited ~ up? (=arrive as expected)– I waited for an hour but she didn’t ~ up. – The unexpected riots ~ed up the deficiencies in police

training. (=to be easily seen)– When we go to parties my husband always ~s me up by

telling rude jokes. (=cause to feel shame)

Comprehension Questions

• 1. What do you think of the writer as a mother?

• 2. How did the writer keep her daughter close to her when her daughter was in her teens and when she studied at secondary school?

Language Points• A couple of (para.12):

– Wait for a couple of minutes.– I’ve seen her a couple of years ago.– There are a couple of things I have to do first.

• Lower (para.12):– Please lower your voice.– They’ve lowered their price from $150 to $100.

Language Points• Adopt (para.13):

– He adopted an air of indifference.– All three teams adopted different approaches to the

problem.

• Version (para.13):– Their versions of how the accident happened conflict.

(=description of an event)– Did you watch the film ~ of “War and Peace”?

Language Points• Reminiscence (para.13):

– The novel contains endless ~s of/about the author’s youth.

– My grandfather used to reminisce about his years in the navy.

– That song is so reminiscent of my adolescence.

Language Points• Depart (para.14):

– The train to Shanghai will ~ from platform 2 in five minutes.

• Pull away (para.14):– He jumped onto the bus just as it was pulling away.– The thieves steadily ~ed away from the police car.– Don’t pull your hand away like that; it makes me think

that you don’t care for me.

Language Points• Bond (para.15):

– There is a close bond between them.– The agreement strengthened the ~s between the two cou

ntries.

• Go through (para.15):– She’s been going through a bad patch recently.– He’s amazingly cheerful considering all he’s had to go th

rough. 经历了种种磨难，他还那么乐观，令人惊叹。

Language Points• Feel myself wanting (para.16):

– She could feel herself blushing.– He felt a hand touching his shoulder.– She felt her heart beating faster.

• Grounded (para.16):– “You’re grounded for a week!” said the mother.– Children who break the rules may be grounded or not

allowed to go out with friends.

Language Points• Approve of (para.17):

– I very much approve of these tests.– I wholeheartedly approve of his actions.

• Pamphlet (para.17):

a very thin book

containing information

about a particular

subject

Language Points• Package (para.18) <Am E> = parcel: a box or bag

– Check the list of ingredients on the side of the ~.– We package our products in recyclable materials.– A ~ tour is a vacation organized by a company at a fixed

price and that includes the cost of travel and hotels etc.– Cf: packet <Br E>: a small paper/cupboard container

Language Points• Let go of (para.20):

– The hunter ~ go an arrow at the deer. – He ~ go without warning me and I fell backwards. – It’s time to ~ the past go / ~ go of the past.– Come on, enjoy yourself, ~ yourself go. 来吧，尽情地

玩，玩个痛快吧！ – He has ~ himself go since he lost his job.( 不修边幅 )– The garden has been ~ go a bit. （有些荒芜了）

Language Points• Toothpaste (para.20):

牙膏– Toothbrush 牙刷– Toothpick 牙签

• Chin (para.20): 下巴• Cf: jaw （下）颌

– He has a strong square jaw.– The punch broke my jaw.

chin

jaw

cheek

Language Points• Bury…in (para.19):

– She always has her head buried in a book.– He buried his face in his hands and wept.– He walked slowly, his hands buried in his pocket.– Since she left, he’s buried himself in his work.– She buried herself in the country to write a book.

Emily Dickinson (1830-1886)

• The greatest and most

influential poet in the 19th

century American literature.• She wrote 1775 poems.• She never imitated other.• She was original.• She emphasizes free will and human responsibility.• She holds that beauty, truth and goodness are ultimately

one.

Appreciation: A Poem by Emily Dickinson

• I died for Beauty — but was scarce• Adjusted in the Tomb• When One who died for Truth, was lain• In an adjoining Room —

• He questioned softly “Why I failed?”• “For Beauty”, I replied —• “And I — for Truth — Themself are One —• We Brethren, are”, He said —

• And so, as Kinsmen, met a Night —• We talked between the Rooms —• Until the Moss had reached our lips —• And covered up — our names —

• Notes:• scarce…when: 刚

……就……• Room: tomb• adjoin: next to• brethren: brothers• themself: themselv

es• kinsmen: relative• a Night: one night• moss: 苔藓

Practices & Homework

• Retelling

• Translation Practice

• Dealing with the Exercises– Vocabulary exercises– Grammar exercises

• Dictation

Review — Retelling

• Retell the story– From the point of view of Allie– From the point of view of Allie’s mother

Translation Practice

• Her brows puckered in annoyance.

• The noisy traffic on our street is a constant annoyance.

• Much to our annoyance, he failed to keep his appointment.

• He stared at us with a look of annoyance.


• During the period of estrangement from his wife, he wrote the book.

• 和妻子分居期间，他写了那本书。• 那场争吵使得他和家人疏远了。• The quarrel has caused his estrangement from his f

amily.• Having lived in the remote village for over five ye

ars, he felt estranged from his former existence.


• A transitional government has been established after the Iraqi war.

• There will be an interim government to oversee the transition to democracy.

• The course is useful for students who are in transition from one training program to another.


• She gently stroked away his tears.

• He stroked his beard thoughtfully.

• 这只狗很漂亮，我能摸摸它吗？• He’s a beautiful dog. Can I stroke him?

• He stroked the ball between the posts.

• 他轻轻一碰，把球踢进球门柱之间。


• All planes out of Heathrow have been grounded by the strikes.

• 气球因大风而飞不起来了。• The balloon was grounded by strong wind.

• The fishing boat had been grounded on rocks off the coast of Cornwall.

• The pilot was grounded for misconduct.


• I hit on this interesting book in a small book store.

• At last someone hit upon taking the other road through the mountains.

• 我希望有人能碰巧想出解决问题的办法。• I hope that someone will hit on a solution to

our problem.


• Would you please turn down the heating?• He proposed to her, but she turned him down. • 谢谢，但是我不得不拒绝你的好意。• Thank you, but I’ll have to turn down your offer

(of help). • He has been turned down for ten jobs so far.• He turned down the card one after another. • 他把牌一张张面朝下放好。


• The prisoner broke away from the two policemen who were holding him.

• This extremist faction broke away from the main party in 1979.

• 这支极端派于 1979 年脱离了政党。• She broke away from the pack and opened

up a two second lead. • 她甩掉其他参赛者，以两秒领先。


• 伊拉克经历了太多的战争。• Iraq has gone/been through too many wars. • Certain formalities have to be gone through

before you can emigrate.• We went through the scene three times duri

ng the rehearsals.• The bill has gone through (Parliament) with

out a vote.


• She went through the company’s accounts, looking for evidence of fraud.

• 在海关，他们检查了我们的行李。 • They went through our luggage at the custo

ms. • Some men go through a pair of socks in no t

ime. • 有些男人很快就能把一双袜子穿坏。

Vocabulary Exercises

Prepared or ready?• The plane was refueled and declared ________ for service

again.• The police officer read out a ________ statement.Connect or attach?• His flight to Amsterdam _______ with an afternoon flight to

New York.• They have _________ a number of conditions to the

agreement.

ready

prepared

connects

attached


Solution or key?• Attempts to find a ___________ to this problem

have failed.• The ______ is, how long can the federal

government control the inflation rate?Depart or leave?• The plane ______ for Dallas at 12:35.• Flights for Amsterdam ________ from Terminal 3.

solution

key

leaves

departs


Advertisement, leaflet, poster or picture?

• We collected some __________ on local places of interest at the airport.

• There are ________ of his favorite pop stars on the bedroom walls.

• Why not put an _____________ in the local newspaper to sell your car?

leaflets

posters

advertisement


Reliable, honest, trusting or trustworthy?

• If you are too _________, other people will take advantage of you.

• We are looking for someone who is _________ and hard-working.

• You’d better not tell him about it. I don’t think he’s very _____________.

trusting

reliable

trustworthy


Spot, location, scene or point?

• The movie was shot entirely on __________ in Italy.

• The baby’s whole body was covered in small red ________.

• Firefighters were on the __________ immediately.

• I’ll wait for you at the meeting ________ in the arrivals hall. 我将在进港大厅的迎接点等你。

location

spots

scene

points


Extend, expand, stretch or widen?

• The refugee camps _________ as far as the eyes can see.

• I should like to __________ my thanks to you for your kindness.

• The air in the balloon _________ when heated.

• As it approaches the sea, the river begins to ______.

stretch

extend

expand

widen

Grammar Exercises

• Page 191-192

Dictation • The friend-type parents, / as the term implies, / treat their

children as friends. / They are generous and wise. / Like good friends, / they discuss with their children the latest news, / share their children’s interests, / and listen attentively to their children’s expression of emotion, / whether it is anger, fear, joy or sorrow. / They have an intimate relationship with their children / while adhering to their principled stand. / They discuss problems with their children / rather than provide ready solutions. / They respect their children as their equals. /

• They often say, / “Let’s put our heads together and see what we can do.”

Thank you!

Unit 12 She’s Leaving Home. Overview Warm-up New words and expressions A global picture A detailed study of Text I Practices & Homework.

Documents

home slide

teasesway slide

word differentiation

word differentiation

word differentiation

word differentiation

word differentiation

homework slide