Unit 10 Section A

Unit 10

Section A

Reports on Britain Under the Bombs

Summary

Background information

New words and expressions

Lead-in

Text study

Homework

World War II, also called the Second World War, was a conflict that involved virtually every part of the world during the years 1939 to 1945. The principal parties were the Axis powers—Germany, Italy, and Japan, and the Allies—France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and China. The war ended with the victory being won by the allied nations in 1945.

World War II World War II 课文小结导入写作 Back

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Columbia Broadcasting System Columbia Broadcasting System

The system (CBS for short)(http://www.cbs.com) made media history beginning in the late 1920s. William Paley put money into the Columbia Broadcasting System, which was then a small, struggling radio network, in 1928. In 1971 it adopted the name CBS, Inc. In 1995 CBS, Inc. was bought by the Westinghouse Electric Corporation, which changed the name in 1997 to the CBS Corporation.

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Home Guard Home Guard

Home Guard is usually a military

organization of citizens with limited military

training for emergency service, usually for

local defense. During World War II the Home

Guard was established in the UK.

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Royal Air ForceRoyal Air Force

Royal Air Force (RAF for

short) is the youngest of

the three British armed

services, charged with the

air defense of the United

Kingdom and fulfillment

of international defense

commitments.

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Watch & DiscussWatch & Discuss

Directions:

Watch the video and then discuss the topics as follows:

Video watching

2. 2. Why did British people refuse to give in from your angle of view?

1. 1. How did the British people fight against Hitler’s air strikes? ke

y

key

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Recollections of Air Actions during WWII

视频文件放在这个绿色的框内，不要超出去。也不要遮挡绿框的黑边。

During the WWII, Britain was one of the biggest obstacles to Hitler’s ambition for dominance of Europe, while London was the heart of the country. By Hitler’s logic, he could force the British people to give in by hammering London with bombs and turning it into a sea of fire, just as he had done with Warsaw and Rotterdam. After repeated delivery of his bombs right into the country’s heart, however,

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he found London was still there and its people stood firm, ready at any time to fight bravely against his air raids. As revealed in the reports, under the waves of the Nazi bombers, houses fell, fires burned, gas pipes burst, and moans with pain were heard here and there, the whole city of London thrown into fire and agony. Faced with all of these, the people of England didn’t shrink.

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Instead, fire fighters got the fires under control in time, medical personnel rushed from place to place to save the wounded, those in charge of the city transport kept trains and buses available, newspaper and milk deliverers followed the daily routine of their work, and workers went to work as usual, reading the reports about the battle raging over London.

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How did the British people fight against Hitler’s air strike?

Under the waves of Nazi bombers, it seemed impossible for any city to continue to endure. Warsaw, for example, chose to surrender as Nazi bombs turned it into a burned city. In contrast, the English people, though in the face of the same waves of Nazi bombers, never considered giving in. Their resolution was attributed to the factors as follows:

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1. They had the English Channel as a good natural barrier against the Nazi ground forces, thus giving them an edge in national defense. 2. They had the Royal Air Force (RAF) whose pilots, though possessed of 2000 planes and beyond the limits of exhaustion, resolved to rise day after day and night after night to meet the waves of

Nazi bombers until the last pilot died or the

invaders were driven off. 3. They had their

political system that could best provide for

the defense and decency of her people. 4.

They were a nation whose people could

unite into one under the threat of war.

For more 返回For more

Why did British people refuse to give in?

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1. survival n. [U] 生存；幸存 2. bomber n. [C] 轰炸机 3. accent n. [C] 口音；腔调 4. sorrow n. [U] 悲伤，悲痛 5. suffering n./a. [C/U] 遭难；苦难／受难的6 ancient a. 古老的 7. endure vi./vt. 忍受，忍耐 / 持续；持久 8. raid n./vt. [C] 突袭；袭击 / 突袭；袭击 9. channel n. [C] 海峡；航道；频道；途径10. cast vt. 将 ( 光线，影子 ) 投射到；投

抛

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11. cliff n. [C] 悬崖；峭壁 12. invade vt. 侵略；侵犯 / 干扰；侵犯 invader n. [C] 侵略者；入侵者 13. marshal n. [C] 元帅 14. surrender vi./vt. 投降 / （被迫）交出；放弃 15. royal a. 王室的；皇家的 16. hammer vt./n. 敲打 / [C] 锤子；榔头 17. daylight n. [U] 白天，白昼 18. historic a. 历史性的

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19. radar n. [C, U] 雷达 20. siren n. [C] 汽笛；警报器 21. wail vi. 发出尖叫声 22. agony n. [C, U] 极大的痛苦 23. punishment n. [C, U] 惩罚，处罚 24. crash n./vi. [C] 破裂声 / 发出巨响；撞

毁 25. spit v./vi. 喷出；喷射 / 吐痰 26. commute vi. 上下班往返 commuter n. [C] 每天经远路上下班的人

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27. suburb n. [C] 郊区 28. dairy n. [C] 牛奶场；乳品店 29. heroic a. 英雄的；英勇的 30. resolution n. [U] 坚决；决心 / [U] 解决 31. handful n. [sing.] 少数，少量 / [C] 一

把 32. flock n./vi. [C] 一群 / 群集 33. exhaustion n. [U] 筋疲力尽；疲惫 34. smash v. 打碎；破碎

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35. cellar n. [C] 地下室 36. rescue vt./n. 救援；营救 /[C, U] 救援37. underneath prep. 在 ······ 下面，在 ······ 底下 38. wreckage n. [U] 残骸 39. whichever a./pron.

无论哪个；无论哪些

40. decent a. 得体的；正派的 decency n. [U] 体面；得体 41. ally vt./n. 使结盟 / [C] 盟国 allied a. 同盟国的

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drive off 击退；赶走 be sure of 一定会；肯定会 in broad daylight 光天化日之下carry on 继续做 under control 受到控制；在控制之下 on the air （广播或电视）播出 keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

watch for 留意；密切注意

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put out 扑灭，熄灭 mark down 记下来，写下来 provide for 为 ······ 做准备 Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 North Carolina 北卡罗来纳州 (美国州名 ) Edward R. Murrow 爱德华 ·R. 默罗

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Columbia 哥伦比亚 (广播系统 ) Dover ( 英法之间 )多佛尔 (海峡 ) Goering 戈林 (1893-1946 ，纳粹德国元

帅 ) Hitler 希特勒 (1889-1945 ，纳粹元首 )

Warsaw 华沙 (波兰首都 ) Rotterdam 鹿特丹 (荷兰西南部港市 ) RAF (Royal Air Force) ( 英国 )皇家空军

Reports on Britain Under the BombsReports on Britain Under the Bombs

Para. 1 Night after night, in the hot summer and early fall of 1940, a deep, steady voice came over the Atlantic Ocean from England to America, telling of England’s battle for survival under the waves of German bombers. This strong and steady voice, an American voice with a slight accent of North Carolina, belonged to Edward R. Murrow, head of the European staff of the Columbia Broadcasting System.

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Para. 2 “This is London,” said Murrow, while the bombs fell and flames spread on the streets of the city. His voice had a tone of

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sorrow for the suffering of that ancient city, and a tone of confidence, too—a feeling of belief that London would be there, no matter what it had to endure. It could not be destroyed.

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cast dark shadows over the white cliffs of Dover, and England’s Home Guard prepared to fight on the beaches, on the cliffs, and in the hills, until the last Englishman died or the invaders were driven off.

Para. 3 The heavy raids began in the middle of August, and Nazi bombs started to fall along England’s Channel Coast. The German bombers

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Para. 4 Air Marshal

Goering’s bomber

pilots were sure of

their ultimate triumph over

England. Hitler andGoering believed that when London became a

burned city like Warsaw or Rotterdam,

England would surrender.

Para. 5 But the English were

more fortunate than the Poles in

Warsaw and the Dutch in

Rotterdam. They had the

English Channel as a barrier

against the Nazi ground forces,

and they had the Royal Air

Force (RAF) to battle the Nazis

in the sky.

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Para. 6 The hardships of London really started in the first week of September, when Hitler was at last convinced that the English did not intend to give in. On September 7, 1940, nearly four hundred German bombers hammered the city with bombs in broad daylight. Goering boasted, “This is the historic hour when our air force for the first time delivered its bombs right into the enemy’s heart.”

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Para. 7 Fires burned, houses fell, gas pipes burst, and dark smoke rose from the streets. Men, women, and children felt the effect of the bombs. Radar sirenswailed, ambulances rushed from one place of

agony to another, and firefighters faced the flames hour after hour.


Para. 8 It seemed impossible for any city to take so much punishment and continue to endure. It seemed impossible for people of the city to do their daily jobs, to work and eat and sleep and carry on the business of life, with the crash of bombs all around them and planes spitting fire in the skies above.

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Para. 9 But the city endured. Trains brought

commuters in from the suburbs. Buses

bumped along the streets. The fires were

brought under control. Bottles of dairy milk

arrived in doorways, and women took them

in, as though the war were a thousand miles

away. Newspapers appeared and people

bought them, hurrying to work and reading

reports of the battle raging over London.

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Para. 10 And Edward R. Murrow

went on the air, saying in his deep, st

eady voice, “This is London.” He sp

oke as though nothing could ever

keep him from saying those words.

He did not speak them with any attempt to sound

heroic. He simply voiced the quiet truth of the

city’s existence. 句型


Para. 11 Murrow knew that Britain’s fate depended upon the resolution of the people in the shops and streets, the men in the pubs, the housewives, those watching for fire on the roofs, the people who had a thousand difficult and painful things to do.

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Para. 12 Much depended upon the handful of

pilots who rose day after day and night after

night to meet the flocks of Nazi bombers.

The pilots in the RAF

reached the limits of

exhaustion and then

went beyond those

limits, still fighting.


Para. 13 But the people of London were also in

the front lines, and they did not have the

satisfaction of being able to fight back. They

couldn’t reach up and smash the enemy

planes. They had to dig quickly in cellars to

rescue their friends who had been buried

underneath the wreckage. They had to put out

endless fires. They had to stand firm and take

whatever the enemy threw at them.

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Para. 14 In a broadcast on

October 1, 1940, Murrow

declared: “Mark it down

that these people are both

brave and patient, that all are equal under the b

omb, that this is a war of speed and organizatio

n, and that whichever political system best

provides for the defense and decency of the little

man will win.”

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Para. 15 Murrow’s

projection of eventual victory for t

he ordinary people proved to be

accurate. The Nazi powers were

finally defeated by the Allied nati

ons.

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Main Idea of the TextMain Idea of the Text

Structure of the TextStructure of the Text

Through the medium of Murrow’s vivid reports with a tone of sorrow for the ancient city as well as a tone of confidence in its people, the writer reveals before the reader what happened to London under the waves of Nazi bombers. According to Hitler’s logic, it seemed impossible for any city to endure under such heavy raids, for he had done with Rotterdam and Warsaw this way. But London, with her people standing firm and putting up a stiff resistance, took so much bombing and continued to be there.

Part IPart I Part IIPart II Part IIIPart IIIN H C E

The passage is made up of 15 paragraphs, and

according to the pattern of space and time as

well as the order of occurrence, can broadly fall

into four parts as follows:

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Part IVPart IV


Main Idea of Part IMain Idea of Part I

Devices for its DevelopmentDevices for its Development

[Paras. 1 to 2] Night after night, in the hot sum

mer and early fall of 1940, Murrow, as a reporte

r of the CBS, told of England’s battle for surviv

al under German bombs, with his voice conveyin

g a feeling of belief that London would be there.

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The author introduces the reports through the

device of description.

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Part IPart I Part IIPart II Part IIIPart III Part IVPart IV


Main Idea of Part IIMain Idea of Part II


[Paras. 3 – 9] According to Hitler’s projection of

the battle, it seemed impossible for any city to en

dure, with his bombs turning the city into a sea

of fire. He had captured Warsaw and Rotterda

m this way. But the city of London continued to

be there and carried on the business of life as us

ual.

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The author employs the devices of deduction

and contrast in his narration of the battle.

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Main Idea of Part IIIMain Idea of Part III


[Paras. 10－ 13] When Murrow reported about

the battle, his voice sounded heroic and conveye

d the truth of the city’s existence. For he knew al

l the people of the city had integrated their resol

ution into their own duties.

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The author narrates Murrow’s reports by empl

oying the device of deduction.

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Main Idea of Part IVMain Idea of Part IV


[Paras. 14－ 15] In his broadcast on Oct. 1, 194

0, Murrow declared: “Mark it down that whiche

ver political system best provides for the defense

and decency of the little man will win.” His proj

ection of the battle proved to be accurate.

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The author narrates Murrow’s reports by

employing the device of quotation.

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Listen to the following passage, and fill in the blanks with the words and phrases you hear.

Text Study—Summary

Summary Dictation

Text Study—Summary

During World War II, life in England was filled with _________________ because Hitler’s Nazi air force _____________________________. The people of the country had to pull together and_____________________________ so that normal daily lifecould continue as much as possible. England’s Royal Air Forcewas heroic in the way ________________________________________ the tremendous number of Nazi airplanes. The citizenson the ground worked bravely and with determination to ________________________________, and dig out the buried. Men,women and children felt the effects but _________, willing toresist __________________________________.

hardships andwas bombing London

help one another in countless ways

the few pilots continued to meet and fight

the wounded, put out the firesstood firm

until the last Englishman died if necessary

against

sorrowrepeatedly

rescue

Homework

• To be prepared for the dictation of vocabulary;

• Review this section;

• Finish the exercises of section A in the textbook;

• Write a paragraph of a general statement supported by specific facts.

Unit 10 Section A

Documents

british people

air defense

english people

city of london

hitlers air strikes

air raids

nazi bombs

system cbs