Unit 10 London I. Objectives 1) to learn to recognize organization and see relationship in a reading passage 2) to learn the new terms and expressions.

Unit 10 London

I. Objectives

1) to learn to recognize organization and see relationship in a reading passage

2) to learn the new terms and expressions in the passages

3) to know the present and past of London

II. Reading skill practice

1. Recognizing organization and seeing relationship

Writers put all of a paragraph’s ideas and information in an order or sequence. The most widely used patterns are time order and space order.

1)Time order

Narrative writing tell events in the order in which they happened in their time order or chronological order.

Signal words:

now, then, before, after, soon, next, one day, in a few days, meanwhile, etc.

2) Space order

Space order shows a regular pattern of direction from one place to another.

Location words:

near, far, in front, behind, next to, alongside, inside, outside, above below, etc.

2. Practice the skill on your textbook on page 165.

III. Background information 1. London

The capital city of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures.[note 1] Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans.

London is a leading global city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transport all contributing to its prominence.[

London has a diverse range of peoples and cultures, and more than 300 languages are spoken within its boundaries.

London is the host city of next summer Olympics.

2. Tourist attractions in London

The River Thames and London Bridge

United Kingdom Parliament

London Tower

Windsor Castle

Buckingham Palace

IV. Detailed study of the text When we think of Paris, Rome, Madrid,

Athens and other European capitals, we think of them as “cities. ”

think of: to have an image of sb. /sth. in your mind 想到

think of …as: to consider sb. /sth. in a particular way; regard…as 认为，把…视为

（ T ）当我们想到巴黎，罗马，马德里 ，雅典以及其它欧洲首都时，我们认为他们是“城市”

bird’s-eye-view: a view of sth. from a high position looking down 鸟瞰；俯视 ; 概要

e.g. From the hill we can take a bird’s-eye view of the city.

从山上我们可以鸟瞰全城。e.g. Mr Brown gave a bird's-eye view of the

situation.

布朗先生概述了整个形势。

If ， from the air, we pick out a few landmarks, we will find it easier to understand how London has grown.

landmark ： 1 ） a building or other place that is of outstanding

historical, aesthetic, or cultural importance 地标e.g. Here we are on the Great Wall, ladies ad

gentlemen. It is a landmark which symbolizes China.

女士们，先生们，我们现在就站在长城上了。它是的象征中国的地标。

2 ） a significant or historic event, juncture, achievement 里程碑

e.g.The two nations signed a landmark trade accord to cut tariffs in 2007 but neither has ratified it.

韩美两国 2007 年签署了里程碑式的贸易协定，以削减关税，但两国都未批准该协定。

（ T ）从空中选择几处地标性建筑，我们会发现更容易了解伦敦的发展史。

… ， and visitors today may see the exact spot where many great nobles were executed.

execute: to put to death according to law 处死；执行死刑

e.g. He was executed for murder.

他犯谋杀罪被处死。

The name “West End” came to be associated with wealth, comfort, and goods of high quality.

be associated with: be connected with 与…联系在一起；与…有关

e.g. These concerns may be associated with strong feelings such as anger or shame.

这些忧虑很可能与恼火、羞愧之类的强烈情绪有关联。

（ T ）“伦敦”西区这个名字逐渐与财富、舒适、和高品质的商品联系在一起。

The city is concerned with finance, but it is also a market for goods of almost every kind, from all parts of the world.

be concerned with:

1) be about 与…有关系e.g. The story is concerned with fairies and

wicked magicians.

2) be worried about, be anxious about

e.g. I was very concerned about my mother’s illness.

news agency: an organization of journalists established to supply news reports to news organizations: newspapers, magazines, and radio and television broadcasters 通讯社；新闻通讯社

e.g. Xinhua News Agency 新华社

…, where the Lord Mayor is presented to the Lord Chief Justice.

be presented to: be introduced to 被引见（ T ）在那里市长被引见给大法官。

The mayor makes a solemn promise to carry out his duties faithfully, and the Lord Chief Justice hands the Mayor his sword of office.

solemn: characterized by dignified or serious formality 庄严的

solemn promise: 庄严地承诺；誓言carry out: . to perform or cause to be

implemented

(T) 市长庄严地宣誓将尽忠职守，然后大法官将象征其职位的宝剑交给他。

Admission to the gallery is free, as is the case with other British national galleries and museums, which are maintained by money voted by Parliament.

admission: the act of admitting or allowing to enter

the case: the true situation

(T) 与英国的其它展览馆和博物馆一样， 国家艺术馆对公众免费开放，其维持费用由议会拨款。

… ， who had a taste for fine arts.

taste: the ability to make discerning judgments about aesthetic, artistic, and intellectual matters; discrimination 审美能力；品味

e.g. It appeared that he had a taste for music.

看来他对音乐还有一定的鉴赏力。

V. Exercise