Chapter 4 Sharing the Road 4-1 Unit 1 - The Driving Task Chapter 4 - Sharing the Road Students should understand that public roads are open to all licensed vehicles and to bicycles. Bicycles have all the rights and responsibilities of other vehicle traffic but are sometimes invisible to drivers. Students should understand that excessive speed is hostile to bicycle and pedestrian safety. Students should understand that the essence of road safety is for drivers to develop an attitude that motorcycles, bicycles, pedestrians have a right to be on roads. Drivers who recognize this right will be more likely to treat them with respect and be more careful around them. Students also need to understand that drivers must share the road with large vehicles such as buses and tractor trailers. Trucks today can be up to 120 feet long and can weigh upwards of 60 tons. Drivers often feel intimidated by them on the highway but it’s not difficult to learn to share the road with them if you understand how they are different from other motor vehicles. Students should respect railroad train right-of-way and understand that the consequences of disregarding safety and common sense in regard to level crossings can be deadly. Students should also understand that they share the road with highway workmen and they need to be alert and drive carefully to reduce the fatalities and injurious crashes in work zones. Students should also be aware of emergency vehicles and first responders on the highway and be prepared to follow their instructions and use caution. Objectives
15
Embed
Unit 1 - The Driving Task Chapter 4 - Sharing the Road...clothing, using flashing LED light systems, laser lights, bike tail lights, helmet mounted lights and bike flags. Bike helmets
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Chapter 4 Sharing the Road 4-1
Unit 1 - The Driving Task
Chapter 4 - Sharing the Road
Students should understand that public roads are open to all licensed vehicles and to bicycles. Bicycles have all the
rights and responsibilities of other vehicle traffic but are sometimes invisible to drivers. Students should
understand that excessive speed is hostile to bicycle and pedestrian safety.
Students should understand that the essence of road safety is for drivers to develop an attitude that motorcycles,
bicycles, pedestrians have a right to be on roads. Drivers who recognize this right will be more likely to treat them
with respect and be more careful around them.
Students also need to understand that drivers must share the road with large vehicles such as buses and tractor
trailers. Trucks today can be up to 120 feet long and can weigh upwards of 60 tons. Drivers often feel intimidated
by them on the highway but it’s not difficult to learn to share the road with them if you understand how they are
different from other motor vehicles.
Students should respect railroad train right-of-way and understand that the consequences of disregarding safety and
common sense in regard to level crossings can be deadly.
Students should also understand that they share the road with highway workmen and they need to be alert and drive
carefully to reduce the fatalities and injurious crashes in work zones.
Students should also be aware of emergency vehicles and first responders on the highway and be prepared to
follow their instructions and use caution.
Objectives
Chapter 4 Sharing the Road 4-2
Introduction: The road can be a dangerous place for bicycles and pedestrians. Although bicycles have the same
rights and responsibilities as motorized vehicles, they have less mass and a lot less protection than motorized
vehicles. Drivers need to look for, see and treat other types of road users with respect. This includes bicycles,
pedestrians, motorcycles, slow-moving farm equipment and large vehicles such as tractor trailers and buses.
Drivers must also pay particular attention when in highway work zones. One of the most dangerous aspects of the
road for these types of users is the attitude of automobile drivers that they don’t have the right to be there.
1. Pedestrians a. Center for Disease Control and Prevention statistics for 2010 show:
In 2010, 4,280 pedestrians were killed in traffic crashes in the United States (33 New Mexicans)
and another 70,000 pedestrians were injured. This averages to one crash-related pedestrian death
every two hours, and a pedestrian injury every eight minutes.
Pedestrians are 1.5 times more likely than passenger vehicle occupants to be killed in a car crash
on each trip.
About 75 percent of pedestrian deaths were in urban areas.
Almost 70 percent of pedestrian deaths were at night.
Three groups of people are at most risk: the young, the old and the drunk (driver or pedestrian).
b. How can pedestrians help prevent injuries and deaths from motor vehicle crashes?
Pedestrians should increase their visibility at night by carrying a flashlight when walking and by
wearing retro-reflective clothing.
Whenever possible, pedestrians should cross the street at a designated crosswalk.
It is much safer to walk on a sidewalk, but if pedestrians must walk in the street, they should walk
facing traffic.
c. NHTSA has proposed a global safety standard that includes changes to the design of hoods and bumpers
so they absorb more of the impact when cars collide with people. The law would allow bumpers to be
weaker to lessen the impact on pedestrians in crashes.
d. Many pedestrians are young children and senior citizens. Both need for drivers to treat them with special
care. In 2012, 60 pedestrians died in crashes, up from 36 in 2011 and 34 in 2010. Because New Mexico’s
pedestrian death rate is among the highest in the nation, the NM Legislature created a program called Safe
Routes to School in 2007 to address some of the causes of pedestrian fatalities.
e. Crosswalks. New Mexico has two types of crosswalks: those delineated by paint or other distinctive
markings, and those formed by the extension of sidewalks or curbs at an intersection (an unmarked
crosswalk.) Pedestrians have equal rights in marked or unmarked crosswalks, but it’s not always wise for
them to try to assert these rights against a ton of metal coming at them! The only type of crosswalk that
can exist in the middle of a block is a marked crosswalk.
Vehicles are not permitted to park in a crosswalk, or to park within twenty feet of a crosswalk at an
intersection
Autos must yield for pedestrians who are crossing the street in a crosswalk, marked or unmarked.
Pedestrians must yield for autos when they are crossing the street outside of crosswalks (Note:
Even though the law gives drivers the right of way in this situation, drivers will often have to yield
to a pedestrian who is crossing in the middle of the block to avoid running them over.)
Course Outline
Chapter 4 Sharing the Road 4-3
If an automobile ahead has stopped for a pedestrian in a crosswalk, the law prohibits passing that
vehicle until the pedestrian has crossed.
There is evidence that crosswalks create a false sense of security for pedestrians. Drivers must be always
vigilant for pedestrians in crosswalks to avoid tragedy. This is an example of where trying to take the right
of way is NOT a good idea.
f. Blind pedestrians. Drivers have a higher standard of care to watch out for blind pedestrians. The driver of
a vehicle approaching a totally or partially blind pedestrian who is carrying a cane predominantly white or
metallic in color, with or without a red tip, or using a guide dog, is required to take all necessary
precautions to avoid injury to such blind pedestrian. A driver who fails to take such precautions is liable in
damages for any injury caused to the blind pedestrian.
2. Bicycles.
Bicycles ride in traffic and are treated as a small vehicle. Bicycles ride in the right lane and may ride up to two
abreast in the lane, if doing so can be done safely. Bicyclists should strive to be seen by wearing retro-reflective
clothing, using flashing LED light systems, laser lights, bike tail lights, helmet mounted lights and bike flags. Bike
helmets save lives and have been required in New Mexico since 2007 for those under age 18. This also includes
those using inline skates and skateboards.
a. Bicycle facilities. Bike lanes are marked lanes at the right side of the road dedicated to bicyclists, which
may be used by automobiles only when making a right turn. Drivers should not park in bike lanes since
this defeats the purpose of separating bikes and vehicles. Bike paths are separate facilities, sometimes at
the side of the road separated by a greenway or planting strip, and sometimes going away from the road
entirely. Bikeways are integrated into the traffic stream, usually on roads that are most traffic friendly.
Bicyclists are permitted to ride on ANY roadway that vehicles may use except for the Interstates where
expressly posted as prohibited.
b. Passing bicycles. When passing a bicycle, drivers should give a bicyclist five feet of space between the
side of the car and the bicycle. If a driver thinks the bicyclist isn’t aware that the car’s about to pass, a
short (friendly) tap on the horn before getting close to the bicyclist can be helpful. Blaring the horn as you
pass is dangerous because it can startle the bicyclist and does not increase the feeling of roadway
cooperation or understanding.
c. Opening doors of parked car. It can be very dangerous for a bicyclist to pass a parked car because drivers
often fling open their doors without looking. Drivers should always look back before opening their doors.
Drivers should also be prepared for a bicyclist who is riding ahead of them to pass a parked car with wide
berth.
d. Left turns. Bicyclists are supposed to obey traffic laws. Therefore, they will be making left turns from the
left turn lane, just as a car does. In some jurisdictions, there are local laws that require bicycles to use a
bikepath if there is one. In this case, it is not always clear how a bicyclist should make a left turn from a
bikepath. Drivers should always be prepared for a bicyclist to move into traffic to make a left turn.
e. Right turns. Drivers should pull in behind a bicycle to make a right turn, unless the driver has plenty of
room to pass the bicyclist and safely pull in front to make the turn.
3. Motorcycles. When motorcycles crash with other vehicles, it’s usually because the other vehicle violated the motorcyclist’s right-
of-way. Left turning vehicles are particularly deadly for motorcyclists. Motorcycles and motorcyclists are smaller
visual targets than cars or trucks and drivers may not expect to see motorcycles on the road. In 2011, nationwide,
4,612 motorcyclists were killed in motor vehicle traffic crashes—an increase of two percent from the 4,518
motorcyclists killed in 2010. Forty three of those fatalities were New Mexicans. There were 81,000 motorcyclists
injured during 2011, a slight decrease from 82,000 in 2010. The top five counties with the highest number of
motorcycle crashes from 2006 – 2011 were Bernalillo (2,468), Doña Ana (621), San Juan (361), Sandoval (331)
and Otero (211) County.
Chapter 4 Sharing the Road 4-4
a. Among drivers and motorcycle riders, drinking and driving has always been a concern. In 2011,
thirty percent of the motorcycle fatalities were alcohol impaired (BAC of .08 or higher). Per vehicle mile
traveled in 2011, motorcyclists were over 30 times more likely than passenger car occupants to die in a
motor vehicle traffic crash and five times more likely to be injured. Motorcyclists are also injured at
alarming rates as the result of risky driving, not wearing helmets and other safety equipment, and poor
visibility to other drivers.
b. Importance of safety equipment. Section 66-7-356 requires motorcycle riders under age 18 to wear
helmets in New Mexico. New Mexico repealed its helmet law for adults in 1977 and motorcycle crash
deaths doubled the next year. In 2011, 40 percent of the 4,323 motorcycle riders killed in motor vehicle
traffic crashes were not helmeted. Anyone who rides a motorcycle should wear safety clothing including
helmet and eye protection, gloves, reflective material on helmet, jacket or pants, long pants and heavy
shoes that cover toes and ankles. Not sure if your helmet meets the national standard? See
http://www.helmetcheck.org/compliance.aspx.
c. Training. New Mexico has a motorcycle training program that offers the Basic RiderCourse for
beginning motorcyclists and Advanced RiderCourses for riders who are interested in improving their
skills. Motorcyclists under 18 must complete the Basic motorcycle training program to be licensed. The
New Mexico Motorcycle Safety Program (NMMSP) expects to train 2,000 motorcyclists per year and
operates nine training sites throughout New Mexico. The NMMSP is always looking for qualified riders
who want to become MSF-Certified RiderCoaches. See http://www.nm-msp.org/ for more information on
the New Mexico Motorcycle Training Program.
4. Large Trucks and Buses
a. Department of Transportation Statistics define large trucks as being over 10,000 pounds. The DOT reports
that in 2010, 3619 people were killed in large truck and bus crashes and 93,000 were injured. Many of the
crashes were the result of other vehicles rear ending and then sliding underneath the trucks.
Almost two-thirds of all fatal crashes involving large trucks occurred on rural roads.
Thirty-four percent of all fatal crashes, 20 percent of all injury crashes, and 19 percent of all
property damage only crashes involving large trucks occurred at night (6:00 pm to 6:00 am).
The vast majority of fatal crashes (84 percent) and nonfatal crashes (90 percent) involving large
trucks occurred on weekdays (Monday through Friday).
Collision with a vehicle was the first harmful event (the first event during a crash that caused
injury or property damage) in 76 percent of fatal crashes involving large trucks, 80 percent of
injury crashes involving large trucks, and 76 percent of property damage only crashes involving
large trucks.
Rollover was the first harmful event in four percent of all fatal crashes involving large trucks and
two percent of all nonfatal crashes involving large trucks.
Semi-trailers have under ride guards to prevent cars from sliding under them. The Insurance
Institute for Highway Safety is attempting to get legislation to require this on other large trucks,