UNIT 1 TEST REVIEW GEOGRAPHY. WHERE IS GEORGIA ? GA is located in which hemisphere(s) ?

UNIT 1 TEST REVIEW

GEOGRAPHY

WHERE IS GEORGIA ?

• GA is located in which hemisphere(s) ?

• North & West

WHERE IS GEORGIA ?

• GA is located in which region of the US ?

• Southeast

Georgia’s 5 regions

•Which one is the smallest, in the NW corner & sometimes called the TAG corner ?

• Appalachian Plateau

Georgia’s 5 Regions

• This region is between the Appalachian Plateau & the Blue Ridge … containing both forests & pastures … industry & agriculture.

•Ridge & Valley

Georgia’s 5 Regions

• This region is in the NE corner, contains the highest elevation, & is home to Springer Mt. (the beginning of the Appalachian Trail).

•Blue Ridge

Georgia’s 5 Regions

• This region makes up about 1/3 of the state’s area, has a granite base w/ clay soil, & the state’s capital … it’s where WE live !

•Piedmont

Georgia’s 5 Regions

• This region makes up about 60% of the land area, grows most of our crops, was underwater in prehistoric times & is home to the Okefenokee Swamp.

•Coastal Plain

Georgia’s 5 Regions

• This region contains limestone, shale, dolomite, & sandstone… Lookout Mt. & Cloudland Canyon are here, as is the Chickamauga Chattanooga Military Park (the largest in the nation) site of the last southern victory in the Civil War.

•Appalachian Plateau

Georgia’s 5 Regions

• This small region has higher areas of shale & sandstone, but lower areas of limestone & clay. This is home to apple farming near Ellijay & the carpet business around Dalton (w/ 1/3 of the planet’s carpet production, it’s called the “Carpet Capital of the World”).

•Ridge & Valley

Georgia’s 5 Regions

• This region is home to Brasstown Bald (the tallest point in the state), receives more precipitation than all others, has soil of sandy loam & clay, suffers from erosion problems, & contains the alpine village of Helen (tourist attraction), Amicalola Falls (the tallest east of the Mississippi River), & Tallulah Gorge (the oldest natural chasm in North America).

•Blue Ridge

Georgia’s 5 Regions

• This region holds ½ the state’s population, is the business cntr. of the state w/ the busiest airport in the world, contains St. Mt. (the largest piece of exposed granite in the world), is mostly rolling hills, & was historically home to cotton production … today = POULTRY !

•Piedmont

Georgia’s 5 Regions

• This large southern region is famous for Vidalia “sweet” onions, ½ the nation’s pecan crop near Albany, the largest pulp paper mill in the world (in Savannah), & is known for tourism along the coast … as well as the multi million dollar shrimp business.

•Coastal Plain

PHYSIOGRAPHIC FEATURES

Georgia’s Physical Features

• This natural feature separates the Piedmont w/ the Coastal Plain & is characterized by a drop in elevation marked by many waterfalls.

Georgia’s Physical Features

• This flooded grassland (whose names translates to: “land of the trembling earth”) is the largest natural wetland in the country. It is a unique ecosystem protected by environmental laws & home to cyprus trees, wood storks, & alligators.

•Okefenokee Swamp

Georgia’s Physical Features

• This elevated range (one of the oldest in the world) collects moisture out of weather patterns from the west, dropping it on north GA & posed a barrier to settlers trying to move west over land.

•Appalachian Mts.

Georgia’s Physical Features

• This river (whose name translates to “river of painted rock”) is one of the most polluted in the nation, supplies much of the drinking water to GA, AL, & FL … & creates much of the GA/AL border.

•Chattahoochee•River

Georgia’s Physical Features

• This river (whose name translates to “blue waters”) helps supply nuclear power, helped early settlers explore the interior of the state & forms most of the GA/SC border.

•Savannah•River

Georgia’s Physical Features

• These natural features of Georgia’s coastline protect the mainland from Atlantic storms, such as hurricanes (& contributes to our economy due to the tourism industry).

•Barrier Islands

TRUE or FALSE

• Georgia’s mild & humid climate first attracted farmers & in more recent times …businesses.

•TRUE

NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURES

NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURES

• Which time period of cultural development was characterized by family groups of nomads hunting GIANT animals w/ jabbing spears.

•PALEO

NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURES

• Which time period exhibited the 1st use of pottery & experimented w/ horticulture ?

•Archaic

NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURES

• This period formed tribes of several hundred & invented the bow & arrow.

•Woodland

NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURES

• This developmental period was the most advanced, grew MOST of their food (such as maize), & used tobacco for ceremonies.

•Mississippian

NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURES

• This cultural period (from 8000-1000 BC), hunted & gathered, moved seasonally, fished & ate shellfish, were the 1st to bury their dead, & designed a grooved axe.

•Archaic

NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURES

• This group lived from 1000 BC to about 7oo or 8oo AD, lived in permanent villages, created burial mounds & held religious ceremonies.

•Woodland

NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURES

• This group became the most religious, were known as the “temple mound” builders, were ruled by a priest/chief, had cities of thousands surrounded by moats &/or palisades, but began a rapid decline around 1600.

•Mississippian

“FOREIGN INVADERS” !!!

“FOREIGN INVADERS” !!!

• Which European power came to the “New World” as fur trappers & traders, settled in the North & central areas, & had a relatively friendly relationship w/ the local American tribes ?

•France

“FOREIGN INVADERS” !!!

• Which European empire came to the “New World” to colonize & as farmers, changed the landscape … ruining it for local tribes ?

•England

“FOREIGN INVADERS” !!!

•Which European nation explored the “New World” searching for wealth & power ?

•Spain

“FOREIGN INVADERS” !!!

• In 1540, who became the 1st foreigner known to travel through what today is called GA ?

•DeSoto

“FOREIGN INVADERS” !!!

• Give 3 reasons why one might say that Hernando DeSoto’s expedition was NOT a success . . .

• 1. He did NOT secure large amounts of gold.• 2. He did not secure territory for his home

country, as he made many enemies of local tribes (due to his brutality).

• 3. He died before completing his voyage.• 4. Other reasons ?

“FOREIGN INVADERS” !!!

•Why were Spanish missions established in Guale ?

• The Spanish wanted to convert local tribes to Catholicism so as to more easily dominate the native peoples.

“FOREIGN INVADERS” !!!

Bonus:

In general, what was the impact on the native people by Europeans ?

• Most Europeans were cruel to the native people & used them for their benefit … The result of European contact caused the death of up to 80% of the population & virtually destroyed most of the Native American culture.