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1.8.14 ()
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ee
eeD
r
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dd
dd
d
d
rD
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2 : I
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(%)
0 20 L
20 40 L
40 60 M
60 80 D
80 100 D
1.9
1
A 18 N/3 8 %.
C
18 %. ?
A G = 2.7. (J 2006) 8 M
D
= 18 N/3
= 8 %
G = 2.7
= 9.8 N/3()
3/67.16
1mkN
b
d =
+
=
587.01==d
Ge
V
Ws
d =
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H, 1 3 , = 16.67 N
I = 8 %, = 0.08= 1.33 N
I = 18 %, = 0.18= 3 N
H, . = 3 1.33 = 1.67 N = 167 .
%8.82828.0 ==
=
S
SeG
2
H . 0.5 100 3
0.7? (J 2006) 5 M
D
1= 0.7
1= 0.7
1= 100 3= 1+ = 1.7
= 58.82 3
2= 0.5
2= 0.5= 29.41 3
2= 2+ = 88.23 3
3
A 0.65 2.8. F .
55 %
. D .
. D
90 % 100 %. (J 2008) 10 M
D
= 0.65
G = 2.8
= 9.8 N/3()
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3/63.16
1mkN
e
G
d =
+
=
= 55 %, = 12.77 %3
/75.18)1( mkNdb =+= = 90 %, = 20.89 %
= 100 %, = 23.21 %
4
I , 16.5 N/3
11 %. I 15 %,
. . A .
D . G = 2.7. (J 2009)
10 M.
D
=16.5 N/3
= 11 %
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= 9.8 N/3()
3/86.14
1mkN
b
d =
+
=
= 14.86 N
= 1.63 N
78.01==d
Ge
%92.51==e
G
S
5
A
. = 2.1 N, O = 1.75 N. G
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= 2.7.
50 % ? (M QP) 8 M
D
= 2.1 N
= 1.75 N
= 0.35 N
G = 2.7
= 0.5
= 9.8 N/3
()
%20==s
W
W
08.1==S
Ge
3/72.12
1mkN
e
G
d =
+
=
72.121075.1
3
===
V
X
V
Ws
d
= 0.1376 1033
6
21 N/3 16 N/
3. I
60 %, . G = 2.65. (J
2008) 6 M
D
D= 60 % =0.6
= 21 N/3
= 16 N/3
= 18.67 N/3
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minmax
minmax
dd
dd
d
d
rD
=
78.01==d
G
e
=
+
=
e
en
10.44
7
F , ,
0.8, 24 % 2.68. D ,
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.
D
=0.8
= 0.24
G = 2.68
= 9.8 N/3()
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1mkN
e
G
d =
+
=
3/09.18)1( mkN
db =+=
%4.80==e
GS
I =1, =29.85 %3
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8
I , 22.9 N 1.15
103 3. A 20.35 N. F , , , , , ,
.
D
= 22.9 N
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= 1.15 103
3
= 20.35 N
G = 2.7
= 9.8 N/3()
3
3 /91.19
1015.1
9.22mkN
XV
Wb
===
= 12.53 %
= 17.7 N/3
495.01==d
Ge
=
+
=
e
en
10.331
A= 1 = 31.65 %
G
Gna
d
+
=
1
)1(
= 0.105
9
A 6.33 N 300000 3
11 %. G = 2.68, , . A
.
?
D
= 6.33 N
= 3105
3
G = 2.68
%35.68==e
GS
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= 11%
= 9.8 N/3
3/1.21 mkN
V
Wb
==
3/19
1mkN
b
d =
+
=
38.01 ==d
Ge
%6.77==e
GS
I = 1, %18.14==G
e
3/69.21)1( mkN
dsat =+=
1.9
I ,
. I
() . H,
.
C,
. F, = * .
3 : C G E
M D
(/3)
(N/3)
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B
D
= 1000 /3
= 9800 N/3= 9.8 N/
3
