Unit 1 - Mapping and Geographic Skills - Study Guide

7/31/2019 Unit 1 - Mapping and Geographic Skills - Study Guide

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The capital city of Canada is Ottawa

The capital city of Ontario is Toronto

Canada is divided into two forms of political divisions called provinces and territories

The largest province is Quebec

The largest territory is Nunavut

The smallest province is Prince Edward Island (PEI)

The beaver is Canadas national emblem

British Columbia is Canadas westernmost province

Prince Edward Island is the only province completely surrounded by water

Newfoundland and Labrador is Canadas easternmost province

John A. McDonald was Canadas first prime minister

Steven Harper is Canadas prime minister today

The Mackenzie River is the longest river in Canada

Canada has two official languages, French and English

Igloo is the Inuit name for a snow house

Mt. Logan is the highest mountain in Canada

A beaver is on the nickel

A caribou is on the quarter

Wilford Laureag is on the $5 bill

The Canadian Arm on the U.S. Space Shuttle was designed by Canadians

James Nasmith, a Canadian, invented the game of basketball

________ was Canadas first female governor general

In 1967 Canada celebrated its 100th birthday

The official national law enforcement group are the R.C.M.P. (Royal Canadian Mounted Police)

The name Canada comes from the Native Indian Kanata, which means village

Canadas official national sport is lacrosse

The Atlantic Provinces are sometimes referred to as the Maritimes

The newest territory in Canada is called Nunavut

The professional hockey teams in Canada and where they come from are:

Teams: Provinces:

Toronto Maple Leafs Ontario

Montreal Canadians Quebec

Winnipeg Jets Manitoba

Edmonton Oilers Alberta

Calgary Flames Alberta

Vancouver Kunucts British Columbia

Ottawa Senators Ontario

The three countries closest to Canada, not including the U.S. are: Denmark, Russia, and France


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The provinces and capital cities are as follows:

The Maritime Provinces/East Coast Provinces Capital Cities

Nova Scotia Halifax

New Brunswick FrederictonPrince Edward Island (PEI) Charlottetown

Newfoundland and Labrador St. Johns

Ontario Toronto

Quebec Quebec City

Manitoba Winnipeg

Saskatchewan Regina

Alberta Edmonton

British Columbia Victoria

Nunavut Iqaluit

Yukon Whitehorse

Northwest Territories YellowknifeCanada Ottawa

The five bodies of water that are referred to as the Great Lakes are:

Lake Huron Lake Ontario Lake Michigan Lake Erie Lake Superior *Easy way to remember them, think HOMES*

The three oceans that touch the shores of Canada are:

Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Arctic Ocean

The Ottawa River runs along the border between Ontario and Quebec

The names of the two popular islands found in British Columbia are:

Vancouver Island Queen Charlotte IslandsThe two major lakes found in the Northwest Territories are:

Great Slave Lake Great Bear LakeThe name of the gulf found in the Maritimes is Gulf St. Lawrence

The name of the straight that flows into the Labrador Sea is the Davis Straight


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0 degrees Longitude = Prime Meridian

0 degrees Latitude = Equator

Latitude (parallels)

Latitude lines are imaginary lines which run east to west.

Latitude lines tell you how far east or west you are.

Tip: To help you remember that latitude lines run east to west think of them like the rungs of a

ladder.

The equator divides the earth into the northern and southern hemisphere.

The lines of latitude are numbered from 0 degrees (at the equator) to 90 degrees at the north

and South Pole.

Longitude

Longitude lines are imaginary lines that run from the North Pole to the South Pole.

Longitude divides the earth into the western hemisphere and east hemisphere

The prime meridian is 0 degrees and runs through Greenwich, England. It divides the earth into

two hemispheres, the east and west hemispheres.

Longitude lines determine time zones and the time of day.

Guelph is in the Eastern Time zone.

For every 15 line of lines of longitude there is roughly 1 time zone.

There are a total of 24 time zones.


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Sir Sanford Fleming wrote to the major governments of the world proposing the use of time

zones. In 1884 an international conference was held to approve Flemings system.

The Prime Meridian runs through Greenwich, England. Time in this time zone is called Universal

Time.

180 degrees of longitude is the degree of the International dateline. This line runs through the

Pacific Ocean and separates one day from another. This line runs from the North Pole to the

South Pole and zig zags through the Pacific, to avoid dividing land masses or island groups that

belong to the same country.

Canadian Time Zones

In Canada we have a total of 6 time zones

Newfoundland Standard Time (NFL) (GMT 3.5)

Atlantic Standard Time (PEI, NS, NB, L) (GMT 4)

Eastern Standard Time (ON, Q, N) (GMT 5)

Central Standard Time (N, S, M) (GMT 6)

Mountain Standard Time (BC, N, NWT, A) (GMT 7)

Pacific Standard Time (BC, Y) (GMT 8)


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RF Scale

Always has two numbers

Example:

1:24,000,000 = cm

Large distance are not measured in cm. Usually we use km for large distances.

It is important that units are the same

The first number in a scale is always 1

Examples:

1m: 100cm and 1km: 1000m Therefore we know there must be 100,000cm in 1km

You always divide the by 100,000cm/km to get the correct conversion

Examples:

24,000,000cm/100,00km

= 1cm: 240km direct statement

1:50cm vs. 1:240km

1:50cm has lots of detail while 1:240km has little detail


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What is a compass rose?

A compass rose is a tool used by geographers to locate places and give directions.

North is always 0 degrees

South is always 180 degrees

East is always 90 degrees

West is always 270 degrees

Cardinal compass points

North

South

East

West

Ordinal compass points

North-East

South-East

South-West

North-West

Unit 1 - Mapping and Geographic Skills - Study Guide

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