Unit 1 Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

American BeginningsStandards 1 – 4

Standard 1 Flashcards1. Virginia Company2. Tobacco Cultivation in Virginia3. Relationships with Native Americans4. Powhatan5. House of Burgesses6. Bacon’s Rebellion7. Development of Slavery8. Religious Reasons for Settling New England9. King Phillip’s War10. Establishment of Town Meetings11. Religious tensions that led to the founding of Rhode Island12. Half-way Covenant13. Salem Witch Trials14. Loss of the Massachusetts Charter15. Transition of Massachusetts to a Royal Colony16. Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam17. Settlement of Pennsylvania18. Reasons for the French settlement of Quebec19. Impact of location and place on colonial development

#60

Virginia CompanyStandard 1

Joint-stock company from England that settled Jamestown colony• Jamestown was the 1st permanent English colony

#61

Tobacco Cultivation in Virginia

Standard 1Colonists in Virginia grew tobacco as a cash crop (to make a profit)• Needed cheap labor – leads to slavery

#62

Relationships with Native Americans

Standard 1

Relationships varied among colonies• Some Indian tribes provided aid to colonists in need• Others fought to protect land from colonists

#63

PowhatanStandard 1

Indian tribe that aided the colonists during their first winter in Jamestown.

#64

House of BurgessesStandard 1

Represents first legislative assembly• Virginia

#65

Bacon’s RebellionStandard 1

Led by Nathaniel Bacon; seeking protection of frontier settlers by colonial government (from Native American attacks)• Poor whites and slaves united

#66

Development of SlaveryStandard 1

Indentured servitude (voluntary work for a certain number of years) then use of Native Americans• Dutch bring the 1st African slaves (used mainly in agriculture)

#67

Religious reasons for the Settlement of New England

Standard 1

New England colonies were settled primarily for religious reasons (freedom of religion, escaping persecution)

#68

King Phillip’s WarStandard 1

Conflict between colonists and Native Americans over land• Defeat of Native Americans• Forces Native Americans out of the New England area

#69

Establishment of Town Meetings

Standard 1

The establishment of town meetings represents the desire of colonists to self-govern

#70

Religious tensions that led to the founding of Rhode

IslandStandard 1Rhode Island was founded by

dissenters (people who disagree) from the Puritan communities• Roger Williams

#71

The Half-way CovenantStandard 1

Puritan communities had a voting requirement of Church membership• Not enough people were joining the Church• Covenant allows descendents of Church members to vote

#72

Salem Witch TrialsStandard 1

Represents the religious extremism in the colonies• People were unjustly accused, and some executed, of witchcraft

#73

Loss of Massachusetts Charter

Standard 1

Massachusetts was not allowed to self-govern due to conflicts with the King• King revokes colony’s charter

#74

Transition of Massachusetts to Royal colony

Standard 1

After losing their charter, Massachusetts becomes a royal colony (under the direct control of the King)

#75

Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam

Standard 1

Dutch settled in New Amsterdam (New York), creating a wedge between English colonies• English took over land to unite their colonies

#76

Settlement of PennsylvaniaStandard 1

William Penn settled Pennsylvania as a refuge for Quakers

#77

Reasons for the French settlement of Quebec

Standard 1

French settled Quebec as a trading post• Traded with Native Americans… leads to good relationships

#78

Impact of location and place on colonial development

Standard 1

Southern Colonies: AgricultureMiddle Colonies: Trading, ShippingNorthern Colonies: Trading, Shipping

Standard 2 Flashcards1. Mercantilism2. Middle Passage3. Growth of African Population4. Benjamin Franklin5. Great Awakening

#79

MercantilismStandard 2

British policy that states that the goal of a country should be to export more than you import (sell more than you buy)

#80

Middle PassageStandard 2

Part of the triangular trade that transports slaves from Africa to the New World (Western Hemisphere)

#81

Growth of African populationStandard 2

African population grows due to the slave trade

#82

Benjamin FranklinStandard 2

Represents social mobility (rags to riches) and individualism (working hard to better yourself)

#83

Great AwakeningStandard 2

Rebirth of religion in the colonies

Standard 3 Flashcards1. French and Indian War2. 1763 Treaty of Paris3. Proclamation of 17634. Stamp Act5. Intolerable Acts6. Sons of Liberty 7. Daughters of Liberty 8. Committees of Correspondence9. Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

#84

French and Indian WarStandard 3

Fought between France and Britain over land• Britain wins the war, wants colonists to help pay the war debt, leads to unfair taxes

#85

1763 Treaty of ParisStandard 3

Ends the French and Indian War, establishing British dominance in North America

#86

Proclamation of 1763Standard 3

Bans settlement by colonists west of the Appalachian Mountains• To appease Native Americans following the French and Indian War

#87

Stamp ActStandard 3

Tax placed on papered goods (pamphlets, playing cards, newspapers)

#88

Intolerable ActsStandard 3

Passed after the Boston Tea Party by the British as punishment.

#89

Sons of LibertyStandard 3

Group of men organized to protest British actions• Boycotts on British goods

#90

Daughters of LibertyStandard 3

Group of women organized to protest British actions• Made goods from home so colonists did not have to buy goods from Britain

#91

Committees of Correspondence

Standard 3Designed to help the colonies communicate between each other, specifically regarding British actions

#92

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

Standard 3

Thomas Paine wrote a pamphlet called Common Sense to persuade colonists to fight for independence

Standard 4 Flashcards1. Declaration of Independence2. John Locke3. Role of Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence4. Reason for French alliance and foreign assistance in Revolutionary War5. Significance of French alliance and foreign assistance in Revolutionary

War6. Role of Benjamin Franklin in obtaining foreign assistance in

Revolutionary War7. Role of Marquis de Lafayette in obtaining foreign assistance in

Revolutionary War8. George Washington as a military leader9. Creation of a Professional Military10. Significance of the crossing of the Delaware River11. Significance of Valley Forge12. Battle of Yorktown13. Role of Lord Cornwallis14. Treaty of Paris 1783

#93

Declaration of IndependenceStandard 4

DOI was written to outline reasons for independence (grievances against King)

Uses Enlightenment philosophies (unalienable rights)

#94

John LockeStandard 4

British philosopher who believed in the concept of unalienable rights (life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness)

#95

Role of Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of

IndependenceStandard 4Thomas Jefferson wrote the

Declaration of Independence

#96

Reason for French alliance and foreign assistance in

Revolutionary WarStandard 4

French had more military training and supplies; colonists feared they could not defeat the British alone• France wanted to get back at Britain (F/I War)

#97

Significance of French alliance and foreign

assistance in Revolutionary War

Standard 4France was the 1st to recognize colonies as an independent country

Forced British to surrender

#98

Role of Benjamin Franklin in obtaining foreign assistance

in Revolutionary WarStandard 4

Benjamin Franklin sought and obtained French support during Revolutionary War

#99

Role of Marquis de Lafayette in obtaining foreign

assistance in Revolutionary War

Standard 4Helps train American troops by supplying aid from other countries (in the form of military leadership)

#100

George Washington as a military leader

Standard 4

George Washington established and led the Continental Army• Trained militiamen into actual soldiers

#101

Creation of a Professional Military

Standard 4

Washington helped create a professional military for America to defend against British attacks

#102

Significance of the crossing of the Delaware River

Standard 4

It allowed Continental Army to surprise the British and win a victory (increases morale)

#103

Significance of Valley ForgeStandard 4

Lowest point for the Continental Army• Harsh winter• Soldiers spend the winter training

#104

Battle of YorktownStandard 4

Last battle of the Revolutionary War• French fleet arrives to block the harbor, preventing British retreat• British are forced to surrender

#105

Role of Lord CornwallisStandard 4

General of British army and surrenders his troops at Yorktown

#106

Treaty of Paris 1783Standard 4

Ends the Revolutionary War

America is recognized as an independent country by the British