unit 1

Get into small groups of three (3) or four (4) people and do the following:

1 discuss the significance of proper planning and preparations for work.

2 brainstorm additional activities that maybe part of the planning and preparations process.

3 create a diagram of important planning and preparation activities and dangers of failure to perform these activities as part of the installation process.

4 ask your learning facilitator to let you display your diagram in your classroom/workplace.

Collect relevant documents and information about the construction if the building.

Study blueprints, sketches and other relevant documents carefully.

Discuss work requirements and priorities with your supervisor.

Prepare isometric drawing or floor plans.

Determine tools, materials and equipment needed for the job.

Calculate size and quantity of materials needed.

Check that all the tools, materials and equipment needed are available.

Confirm with client the time and date of work

Ensure that the work area is clean and safe to work in.

Protect the client’s property from potential damage by moving them out of the way and/or covering them

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How safe is the work location; and how much work is needed to make location safe.

Amount of space in wall.

Construction materials that will be used.

Situation of building on site.

Thickness of wall and floor covering materials.

Location of fixtures and equipment’s.

Location of service piping.

List information that you might have to communicate and how you may have to co-ordinate activities with each of the contraction personnel listed in the table above, before beginning installation.

1 Architect- plan and designs buildings. Obtains planning permission and prepares legal documents. Chooses building materials. Liaises with construction team.

2 Project manager/clerk of works- takes overall responsibility for planning, management, coordination and financial control of construction project.

3 Construction manager- runs construction site or section of large project. Develops strategy for project. Monitor site safety.

4 site supervisor- responsible for trade supervisor and trade operatives. Supervises day-today running of the job.

5 trade supervisor- supervisor personnel from a specific trade.

6 site engineers- ensure technical aspects of construction project are correct. Liaises with workforce and subcontractors on practical matter.

7 carpenter and joiner- positions and fixes timber materials and components from roofs and floors to doors, kitchens and stairs.

8 roof slater and tiler. Creates waterproof covering for a building by applying individual slates and tiles to a basic framework.

9 construction operative (laborer) - provides varied support on site in a number of areas.

10 plasterers- apply plaster to interior walls so that decoration can be applied.

11 painter and decorator- apply paint, on wall converting ant other materials to the inside and outside of the building.

12 wall and floor tiler- fixes tiles on exterior and interior walls, as well as on other surface such as floors and swimming pools.

13 floor layers- prepare and level floor for new and old buildings.

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Ask your learning facilitator to show you the type of observations you make when undertaking final inspection of different types of piping system.

Undertake final inspections

You must be the most critical of you work. When you have completed the installation of piping and tubing give the system a final “once over” to make sure that it is in working order, is ready for installation of required fixtures if necessary and meets all other job requirements. Make sure all pipes are properly secured, the job is neatly done and you have cleaned up the installation areas.

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Ask your learning facilitator to show you how to perform an air test and water test. watch to make sure that proper safety precautions are followed.

Air test

When conducting an air test you will cap/plug all openings except one. You will pump air into the system through the remaining opening until a steady pressure of 5 psi (pounds per square inch) registers on the gauge. The pressure should remain constant for at least fifteen minutes without the addition of air. Retest the system by plumbing more air into the opening them there is a leak in the system.

Water test

When conducting water/hydrostatic test you will cap/plug all openings except the opening at the highest point in the system. You will fill the pipes with water until the entire system is filled with water. System should be fitted for fifteen minutes. You will the look for signs of leakage.

When testing for leaks, make sure that you take following safety precautions:

Do not exceed the required psi pressure.

Only keep system under pressure while testing is being done.

Stand clear of capped/plugged openings when the system is under pressure.

Only use a regulated air source when air testing.

Use well maintained equipment.

After testing, remove test plug and caps with caution.

After testing, depressurize the system.

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Ask your learning facilitator to discuss the quality checks that you would perform as you compete various installation activities

You must take responsibility for your own work. It is not sufficient for you to check the quality of your work at the end of installation. You must check the quality of your work throughout the installation process. Issues of poor quality or more easily addressed when detected early. Remember that you will be installing a system, where the quality of one area of the system depends on the quality of the work done earlier in the system. Poor work at an earlier stage of installation is likely to compromise the quality of subsequent work and can compound system problems, making them more difficult to correct.

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I need my small ac unit pipe to be installed at the side of my house

Up there? I don’t had think I can reach it you need to get some one small to replace the pipe

Dad I am sorry I can’t meet it to take out he pipe

Conduct research on types of pipes, tubing, including the available sizes. Visit local plumbing supply stores and utilize books and videos.

Ask your facilitator to give you a set o job specifications for installation work, use the information you have gathered on the various types to determine the most appropriate piping for the job.

ABS is a terpolymer made by polymerizing styrene and acrylonitrile in the presence of polybutadiene. It’s precisely the features of durability, ease of use, cost effectiveness and environmentally soundness that are needed for these product applications that make ABS an excellent piping material for a wide spectrum of residential, commercial and industrial applications.

(HDPE or PE Pipe) is made from ethylene, which can be derived from either crude oil or natural gas. PE pipe is extremely strong, durable, flexible, corrosion free and chemical resistant. These features make it perfect for a variety of underground conditions and help it last up to 100 years. The smooth walls allow for less friction, which increase flow through the same diameter as that of other pipes.

(1) Cross-linked polyethylene, which is known as PEX and has been adopted by installers of radiant-floor heating since it neither corrodes nor develops pinhole leaks. PEX also resists chlorine and scaling, and uses fewer fittings than rigid plastic and metallic pipe.

Polyvinyl chloride, more correctly but unusually poly (vinyl chloride), commonly abbreviated PVC, is the third-most widely produced synthetic plastic polymer, after polyethylene and polypropylene. PVC comes in two basic forms: rigid (sometimes abbreviated as RPVC) and flexible. The rigid form of PVC is used in construction for pipe and in profile applications such as doors and windows. It is also used for bottles, other non-food packaging, and cards (such as bank or membership cards).

PEX-AL-PEX tubing is a composite type tubing comprised of 3 layers (PEX, Aluminum and PEX) bonded together. Since aluminum is impermeable to oxygen, it acts as an effective oxygen diffusion barrier and eliminates the need for an additional EVOH layer (as in barrier PEX), making it suitable for hydronic and radiant heating applications, including warm floors, baseboard/radiator systems, snow melt systems and others.

Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride pipe, more commonly known as “CPVC pipe,” is a plumbing material made of highly durable thermoplastic. It is the most commonly used piping in building construction in

most parts of the world, outpacing ordinary polyvinyl and metal and copper alternatives.

PE-AL-PE Composite Pipe is a new penetration of pipe engineering and a great reformation of pipe manufacture. It has many sharp chemical and physical properties, with which it enjoys advantages of both metal pipe and plastic pipe, thus has been widely used in cold and hot water, gas, compressed air, Solar. Energy and air-conditioned, heating, medical, foodstuff and chemical fluid supply pipe systems, of both industrial and household. It's the best substitute for all-plastic pipe, copper pipe and Galvanized pipe.

Polyvinlidene Fluoride (PVDF) is a unique thermoplastic with properties which allow it to be used for

very aggressive or highly specialized applications. Although expensive compared to other

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thermoplastics, PVDF offers an economically attractive alternative to many "exotic" materials and/or

in process lines where limited working life of other materials necessitates frequent replacement.

PVDF has excellent chemical and physical properties, even at low temperatures, and has

considerable resistance to abrasion. It is resistant to most of the inorganic acids and bases, and to

aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, organic acids, alcohols and halogenated solvents. It is also

non-toxic and can be used for high purity applications.

Copper tubing is most often used for supply of hot and cold tap water, and as refrigerant line in HVAC systems. There are two basic types of copper tubing, soft copper and rigid copper. Copper tubing is joined using flare connection, compression connection, or solder. Copper offers a high level of corrosion resistance, but is becoming very costly.

Setting up drain on a washing sink

Using pvc pipe to install drainage pipe will need 11/2 female a 11/2 trap two 11/2 knee and 3’ of 11/2 pipe.

Watch the following tutorial videos on the internet:

How to cut copper pipe. Available at

Htt://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bajpb09awfe

This page is unavailable.

How to cut plastic push fit pipe. Available at

Htt://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzi4z-ua318

This page is unavailable.

Htt://www.5min.com/video/how-to-cut-pvc-plumbing

If you have to cut a pvc pipe behind a finish wall you can use nylon with rubber gloves putting the nylon behind the pipe bring it around to the front rubbing it against the pipe and let the heat cut true the pipe.

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Watch the following tutorial videos on the internet:

Compression fittings. Available at

Htt://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-9c5lwfi-m4&feature=channel

This page is unavailable.

Plumbing –soldering copper pipes. Available at

Htt://www.5min.com/video/plumbing---soldering-copper-pipes-80715916

Tools pipe cutter or hack saw propane torch liter copper pace copper wire wet cloth steel wool safety glass and rubber glove.

Cut pipes the then test fitting on to see if the pipe fit on properly and is still round when done clean copper pipe and fitting and also inside of the fitting after that apply flock pace on the end of the pipe where the fitting will go on after that light the torch and the roll out the copper wire 12inchs and make a 90degree bend heat up pipe till is is hot enough to melt the copper wire make sure all around the joints have the melted copper when your finished wipe it off with the wet cloth to give a clean finish.

How to solder copper pipe. Available at

Htt://www.5min.com/video/how-to-solder-copper-pipe-61999250

Tools pipe cutter or hack saw propane torch liter copper pace copper wire wet cloth sand paper safety glass and rubber glove.

Cut pipes the then test fitting on to see if the pipe fit on properly and is still round when done clean copper pipe and fitting and also inside of the fitting after that apply flock pace on the end of the pipe where the fitting will go on after that light the torch and the roll out the copper wire 12inchs and make a 90degree bend heat up pipe till is is hot enough to melt the copper wire make sure all around the joints have the melted copper when your finished wipe it off with the wet cloth to give a clean finish.

Copper push fittings. Available at

Htt://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7qbq2z5_luy&feature=related

This page is unavailable.

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Watch the following tutorial videos on the internet:

How to join plastic pipe. Available at

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7klf4o0u&&featuer=channel

This page is unavailable

How to join rigid plastic pipe-the home depot. Retrieved November 19, 2010, from

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlwycoyqk6c

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Watch the following tutorial videos on the internet:

Bending copper pipe. Available at

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cv3zlv5gqom

Tools you need: a pipe bending machine a folding rule pipe cutter a tape measure and a sharp pencil.

Step 1 measure your center of the Passover middle of the Passover.

Step 2 measure the first angle. Put a line running down the pipe so it makes a cross with your center line.

Step3 place the pipe in the pipe bender so that only half of your cross is visible.

Step 4 bend the pipe to the angle you measured earlier.

Step 5 measure and make the legs 30mm down from the bottom of the centered end.

Step 6 place the pipe in the bender so that your line just kisses the edge of the bender.

Step 7 bend the first leg so it is in with the line on the other leg.

Step 8 turn the pipe over and make the other side in line with the bottom of the first side.

Step 9 replace in the bender so your line again just kisses the edge of the bender.

Step 10 bends the pipe so it is in line with the first leg.

How to bend copper pipe/tube. Available at

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xit8cynh10g

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The range of materials discussed above is nt extensive. The are many more materials that you will work when installing piping and tubing. Make a list of three (3) more type of materials that you may use in your installation work and describe their uses.

Compounds and sealants descriptionPipe dope A paste used for threaded connections.Teflon tape A thin tape used to wrap threaded ends of pipe before connectingSeal tape Similar to Teflon tape, but used on gas pipesflux A paste used in the process of soldering copper tubesolder Used to weld copper fitting connectionSolvents and glues Chemical used to fuse pipe and fitting together in solvent-weldingprimer Used to prepare pipes for solvents and glues when solvent-

welding

Welding rod  a rod or heavy wire that melts and thus supplies metal in

fusion welding

Ast-ppd AST-PPD(TM) is a smooth, grit-free, gray-colored pipe joint compound. It seals threaded joints tight and will not crack or crumble.

Gasoila E-seal provides a positive seal on pipe threads, joints, fittings, hoses, nozzles, pump assemblies, oil burners, hydraulics, bolts, compressors, engines, motors, fuel lines and couplings.

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Call or visit three local plumbing supply stores. Find out what information requires of their customers who are ordering/requesting piping tubing to ensure the correct materials are made available.

With the help of your learning facilitator, find out the procedure established by a contractor or plumbing company for its plumbers to obtain piping and tubing.

As an employee of a plumbing company, your company will have its policies and procedures for requesting and obtaining the required materials.

Regardless of the source, you must be careful to ensure that you have thoroughly and correctly identified the piping and tubing needed to complete the installation work and communicate clearly what your specific needs are.

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You’re learning facilitator will give you practical instruction on the proper use of specific tools, equipment’s and devices.

Hacksaw

Do not use hacksaws with defective or worn teeth; Make sure the blade is properly tightened; use the correct blade for the material.

Wood cutter

Replace damaged or blunt cutter wheels; use the correct blade for the material being cut; make sure that wheel and rollers are lubricated and move freely.

Cold chisels

Keep cutting edge sharp using a grinder; do not use a chisel that has been ground down so much that it has become too small to handle safely.

Hammers

Make sure the head is fitted correctly to the shaft (handle); do not use a hammer with a defective shaft.

Pipe grips and wrenches

Keep the teeth free from jointing compounds to avoid clogging and thee tools slipping replace tool if teeth are worn; check for wear on the ratchet mechanism when using pump pliers

Screwdriver

Never use a screwdriver with a defective handle.

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Visit a local plumbing supply store and do the following:

1. Try identify the different types of the fittings that you were introduced to above2. Ask a member of staff or plumber to tell you how these fittings are use in plumbing systems3. Take pictures of these fittings in a store.4. Take pictures of these fittings that you see as part of a visible plumbing system.5. Create a scrapbook that includes labelled pictures and information on the available types and

sizes of each fitting. Will be asked to expand your scrapbook in later activities, so ensure that there is room for expunction.

Offsets- change the direction/angle of piping. These fittings are available in 90,45 and 221/2degree and can be joined to create offset of different angles.

Tee- fittings with three connections used for pressure system.

Couplings/sleeves- connect two pipes ends of forming on continuous pipe.

Reducers- fittings that connect two pipes of different size.

Bushings- connect to two pipes of different size

Male adapter- fittings with external threads on one end and socket connection on the other end.

Female adapter- fittings with internal threads on one end and socket on the other end?

Union- three-piece fittings designed to provide direct access within a piping system or easy assembly/disassembly without cutting into a piping system.

Wye- has three connections and look like a “y”.

Combo- has three connections with a long side branch that runs at 90 degree angle to the run.

Sanitary tee- a tee fitting used to direct the flow of wastewater and sewage through a drainage system.

Sanitary cross- has four connection and look like a cross. The fitting is used to connect fixtures that are located side-by-side and back-to- back.

Twin elbow- it is used to connect two fixtures to the same horizontal drain.

Test tee- has three connections one with female threads and side connections lies at 90 degree angle to run. This fitting cannot receive discharge from a drain. It is used for testing dwv system and provides access for cleaning drainage system.

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Cleanout- made with a female adapter and a threaded plug. It is used to provide access to the piping to clear obstructions.

Closet bend- a reduced 90 degree fitting and is the last fitting of the drainage system leading to the toilet. It connects the toilet to the rest of the drainage system.

Close flange- used to connect the toilet to the drainage system.

p-trap- looks like a “p”. It receives outlet flow of water from fixture to prevent sewer gas from entering an occupied space.

Trap adapter- resembles a male adapter, but with a slip-joint nut and washer.

Interview three (3) plumbers in your community, to find out the types of safety checks they emply while installing piping and tubing.

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