Unit 05 prosperity & depression

With

Mr. Luzadder

5th Grade

Plain Elementary

Simpsonville, South Carolina

PROSPERITY & DEPRESSION

• The student will demonstrate an understanding of major domestic and foreign developments that contributed to the United States’ becoming a world power.Standard 5-3

Indicators

• Summarize actions by the United States that contributed to the rise of this nation as a world power, including the annexation of new territory following the Spanish-American War and the role played by the United States in the building of the Panama Canal and in World War I. (P, G, H) 5-3.6

4

Prosperity & Depression

The Roaring Twenties

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Essential Questions

How did new technology affect the lives of Americans?


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The Roaring Twenties

• The Roaring Twenties was a time of prosperity and optimism. Change was evident everywhere -- in industry, transportation, communication, fashion, entertainment, and art. During this time, American culture changed forever.


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Population• 105,710,620 (307,006,550 in 2009)Average Life Expectancy• 54 years (78.4 years in 2008)Average Annual Income• $1,574 (2009 median: $49,777)Prices• postage: $.02 per ounce• candy bar: $.05• movie ticket: $.10• gallon of gasoline: $.21 - $.30• gallon of milk: $ .58• Model T Ford: $290

Children’s Books• Bambi• The Story of Dr. Doolittle• The Velveteen Rabbit• Winnie-the-PoohSports Heroes• Jack Dempsey• Bobby Jones• Lou Gehrig

Facts and Figures


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1920• Adolf Hitler forms the Nazi Party1921• Mao Tse Tung helps form the Chinese

Communist Party1922• Benito Mussolini becomes prime

minister of Italy• King Tutankhamen is discovered• The USSR is formed

1924• The first winter Olympics are held in

France.• Josef Stalin becomes leader of the

USSR1925• Adolph Hitler’s book Mein Kampf is

published• Life magazine1926• A man from Norway invents aerosol

which allows liquids to be sprayed as a fine mist

• A.A. Milne writes the book Winnie-the-Pooh.

What Happened


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1920• Pogo sticks1921• Band-Aids1922• Eskimo Pies• The Readers Digest magazine• insulin for diabetics1923• Welch’s grape jelly• Time magazine’

1924• Wheaties cereal• spiral bound notebooks• Kleenex• crossword puzzles• permanents for hair1926• zippers1928• Rice Krispies

What’s New



The Roaring Twenties Begin (.33)

Boom Times (5.34)

1920 -1929: How We Lived (7.52)

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Automobiles

• Henry Ford’s new method of production, the assembly line, was faster and cheaper than previous methods, forever changing factories in the United States.

• An assembly line is a method of mass production in which a product is put together as it moves past a line of workers.

• Mass production is the making of a large number of goods that are alike.



Automobiles and Roads (2.16)

Automobiles (3.00)

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Aviation

• In 1927, Charles Lindbergh became the first pilot to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.

• In 1932, Amelia Earhart became the first woman pilot to fly alone over the Atlantic Ocean. In 1936 she attempted to fly around the world and her plane mysteriously disappeared.

• The Aviation History Online Museum: Charles Lindbergh• The Aviation History Online Museum: Amelia Earhart• The Aviation History Online Museum: Amelia Earhart (Transcontinental Flight)• The Aviation History Online Museum: Amelia Earhart (Transatlantic Flight)


http://www.aviation-history.com/airmen/Charles_Lindbergh.htm

http://www.aviation-history.com/airmen/Charles_Lindbergh.htm

http://www.aviation-history.com/airmen/Amelia_Earhart.htm

http://www.aviation-history.com/airmen/earhart-Autogiro.htm

http://www.aviation-history.com/airmen/earhart-Autogiro.htm

http://www.aviation-history.com/airmen/earhart.htm

http://www.aviation-history.com/airmen/earhart.htm


Charles Lindbergh (2.43)

Amelia Earhart (2.49)

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Radio and Television

• Guglielmo Marconi was an Italian physicist and inventor who sent the first radio message across the Atlantic Ocean.

• Public forms of communication that reach large audiences are known as mass media.



Radio and Television (.49)


1920 – 1929: Science & Technology (7.37)

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Essential Questions

What was jazz and the Harlem Renaissance?


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Jazz

• Jazz was a musical form which began in New Orleans, Louisiana, and was influenced by African American musical traditions.


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Jazz

• Louis Armstrong was a trumpeter and singer who was the first major jazz soloist.


Jazz

• Duke Ellington was a pianist, Jazz composer, and a big band leader. He composed hundreds of songs and won twelve Grammy awards.



The Jazz Age (.59)

Duke Ellington (16.27)

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The Harlem Renaissance

• The Harlem Renaissance was an artistic movement centered in Harlem, an African American neighborhood in New York City.



The Harlem Renaissance (6.40)

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Essential Questions

What were the 18th, 20th, and 21st Amendments to the U.S. Constitution?


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Prohibition

• Prohibition, also known as The Noble Experiment, was the period in United States history from 1920 to 1933 in which the sale, manufacturing, and transportation of alcohol was illegal.

• In 1919, the eighteenth amendment to the United States Constitution was passed enacting prohibition.


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Prohibition

• The illegal production and distribution of alcohol, which became known as bootlegging, became common during prohibition. Notorious gangsters, such as Al Capone, were heavily involved in bootlegging.

• Speakeasies were establishments that illegally sold alcoholic beverages during Prohibition. Speakeasy operators often bribed the police to leave them alone or to give them advance notice of raids.

• In 1933, the twenty-first amendment to the United States Constitution was passed which repealed, or ended, prohibition.



Prohibition (2.09)

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Women’s Suffrage

• In 1920, the nineteenth amendment to the United States Constitution was passed which gave women the right to vote.

• Suffrage is the right to vote.


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Essential Questions

What was the Great Migration?


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The Great Migration

• In 1914, 90 percent of African Americans lived in the southern states that once belonged to the Confederacy where segregation was legal. By 1930, less than 80 percent of African Americans lived in the South.

• African Americans left the South not only to escape the prejudice and discrimination that existed there, but also because of the economic activities that existed in the North.


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The Great Migration

• During World War I, factory workers recruited African Americans to move north by telling them about the higher wages and better living conditions that existed there. Once African Americans moved to the North, however, they often experienced segregation and lived in slums.


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The Great Depression

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Population (1930)• 122,775,046 (307,006,550 in 2009)Average Life Expectancy• 59.7 years (78.4 years in 2008)Average Annual Income• $1,970 (2009 median: $49,777)National Debt• $16,185,309,831 Average House Price (1930)• $7,145Prices• postage: $.02 - $.03 per ounce• candy bar: $.05• movie ticket: $.25

Movies• Gone with the Wind• King Kong• Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs• The Wizard of Oz

Facts and Figures


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1930• Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin is born• Sir Arthur Conan Doyle dies• Clint Eastwood is born

1931• Thomas Edison dies• Mickey Mantle is born

1932• Judy Blue is born• George Eastman dies (Kodak)1933• President Calvin Coolidge dies

1934• Hank Aaron is born1935• Elvis Presley is born1936• Wilt Chamberlain is born1937• Bill Cosby is born• Amelia Earhart dies• Colin Powell is born

Births & Deaths


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1930• Gandhi leads his country in civil

disobedience • The first World Cup soccer game is

played in Uruguay. 1933• Aldolf Hitler becomes Chancellor of

Germany.• Germany and Japan leave the League

of Nations.1934• The Soviet Union joins the League of

Nations.• A civil war breaks out in China

1935• Persia changes its name to Iran• Italy invades Etheopia1936• The Olympics are held in Berlin,

Germany• A civil war breaks out in Spain1937• The Hindenburg explodes killing 341938• Germany annexes Austria• The ballpoint pen is invented

What Happened


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1930• Nancy Drew mysteries1931• Scotch Tape• electric razors• Scrabble• Alka-Seltzer1933• Mickey Mouse watches• comic books

1935• parking meters• paperback books• Monopoly game• crossword puzzles• permanents for hair1936• electric guitar• Life magazine1937• jet engines 1939• air-conditioned cars• helicopter

What’s New


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Essential Questions

What were Black Tuesday and the Great Depression?


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Black Tuesday

• Many Americans borrowed money to buy stocks because they believed that they were certain they could get rich in the stock market.

• On October 24, 1929 the stock market crashed. This means that the value of most stocks fell dramatically. This day became known as Black Tuesday.

• When the stock market crashed, banks tried to get the loans they had made repaid. The stock purchased by these investors, however, was now worth little or nothing and so banks were able to get little of their money back.

• When word spread that banks were unable to collect the money they had loaned, depositors rushed to withdraw their savings.



World War II Ends (1945)

Stock market returns to pre-depression close (1955)

1929

1932

The United States enters World War II (1941)

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Great Depression

• A stock market is a place where stocks are bought and sold.• Credit is borrowed money.• The Great Depression was a period of severe economic

hardship that began in the United States in 1929.• Inflation is a rapid rise in prices.• Unemployment is number of workers without jobs.



The Great Depression (.46)

Black Tuesday (5.34)


Black Tuesday (5.34)

Life in the 1930s (5.26)

President Hoover vs. World War I Vets (3.03)

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Great Depression

• A shanty is a shack built by poor people during the Great Depression.

• A Hooverville is a shantytown.



Welcome to Hooverville (6.22)

Dweller in a Hooverville in Circleville, Ohio


Shanty in Herrin, Illinois



Shanty in Herrin, Illinois

Family living in a shanty in Herrin, Illinois


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Great Depression

• A Hoover blanket is a newspaper used by homeless people to keep warm.

• Hoover flags are empty pockets turned inside out.


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Great Depression

• The New Deal was a series of programs that attempted to help the nation recover from the Great Depression.

• Social Security was New Deal program that provides monthly payments to people who are elderly, disabled, or unemployed.



The New Deal (8.08)

The Second New Deal (6.00)

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The Dust Bowl

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Essential Questions

What was the Dust Bowl?


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Dust Bowl

• A drought is a long period without rain. • The Dust Bowl was a name given to much of the Great Plains

during the long drought of the 1930s.



The Dust Bowl (6.40)

Migration from the Dust Bowl (4.17)

Surviving the Dust Bowl (online) (52:31)

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/dustbowl/player/


Dustbowl

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Dust Bowl

• A migrant worker is a person who moves from place to place harvesting crops.



The Hindenburg (2.58)

Unit 05 prosperity & depression

Education

time of prosperity

prosperity depression171920

prosperity depression16radio

united states history

new technology

atlantic ocean

method of mass production

united states constitution