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LeadershipLeadership
“If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader”.
- John Quincy Adams -
LeadershipLeadership
Leadership critical to organizational Leadership critical to organizational successsuccess
ChallengesChallenges Convincing members to participateConvincing members to participate Using limited resources effectivelyUsing limited resources effectively
Leadership Leadership
Definition:Definition: The process of influencing the activities The process of influencing the activities
of members of an organized group toward the of members of an organized group toward the determination and accomplishment of shared determination and accomplishment of shared goalsgoals
Leadership ModelsLeadership Models
Laissez-faire (french “hands off”)Laissez-faire (french “hands off”)
TransactionalTransactional
TransformationalTransformational
Laissez-Faire Laissez-Faire LeadershipLeadership
PassivePassive
Delays decisionsDelays decisions
Gives little or no feedbackGives little or no feedback
Makes little effort to help with problemsMakes little effort to help with problems
Not effective in democratic organizationNot effective in democratic organization
Transactional Transactional LeadershipLeadership
Traditional ApproachTraditional Approach
Motivates by reward or punishmentMotivates by reward or punishment
Identifies the roles of organizational Identifies the roles of organizational membersmembers
Discerns member needsDiscerns member needs
Communicates how to fulfill needs Communicates how to fulfill needs
Exchange for member activitiesExchange for member activities
Transactional Transactional ExamplesExamples
ExchangesExchanges Higher wages/benefits for strike supportHigher wages/benefits for strike support Better leadership for candidate voteBetter leadership for candidate vote Threaten to withhold services unless Threaten to withhold services unless
supported by membersupported by member
Transformational Transformational LeadershipLeadership
Focus communicating group goals to membersFocus communicating group goals to members
Convince members to put union goals above Convince members to put union goals above own own
Ask members to look beyond self interestAsk members to look beyond self interest
Transform organizational cultureTransform organizational culture
Instills new valuesInstills new values
Union ContextUnion Context
Transformational leader seeks postponement Transformational leader seeks postponement of member’s self interests or agendaof member’s self interests or agenda
Requests members to advance interest and Requests members to advance interest and agenda as part of a similar and common agenda as part of a similar and common collective interestcollective interest
Thirty-Five StudiesThirty-Five Studies
Transformed LeadershipTransformed Leadership Higher levels of member satisfactionHigher levels of member satisfaction Greater commitment to organizationGreater commitment to organization Higher levels of membership participationHigher levels of membership participation Higher levels of performanceHigher levels of performance
Transformational Transformational OfficerOfficer
Positive Effect on Union MemberPositive Effect on Union Member LoyaltyLoyalty Sense of ResponsibilitySense of Responsibility ParticipationParticipation
Transformational Transformational Characteristics ICharacteristics I
Strong Role ModelsStrong Role Models
Exhibit and Exhibit High StandardsExhibit and Exhibit High Standards
Greatly RespectedGreatly Respected
Transformational Transformational Characteristics IICharacteristics II
Inspire and excite membersInspire and excite members
Optimistic, enthusiastic, positiveOptimistic, enthusiastic, positive
Instills pride and confidenceInstills pride and confidence
Instills a sense of missionInstills a sense of mission
Transformational Transformational Characteristics IIICharacteristics III
Touches people on a personal levelTouches people on a personal level
Isn’t aloof or condescendingIsn’t aloof or condescending
Aware of a person’s emotionsAware of a person’s emotions
Communicates concerns to membersCommunicates concerns to members
Takes time to advise and counselTakes time to advise and counsel
Constantly looking for new ways to build Constantly looking for new ways to build unionunion
Transformational Transformational LeadersLeaders
Involve members in decision makingInvolve members in decision making
Challenges members to think creativelyChallenges members to think creatively
Example LeadersExample Leaders
NationalNational John KennedyJohn Kennedy
““Ask not what your country can do for you; Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.”ask what you can do for your country.”
Martin Luther KingMartin Luther King ““I have a dream.”I have a dream.”
InternationalInternational Mahatma GandhiMahatma Gandhi
Used non violence as means to transform India Used non violence as means to transform India into a free nationinto a free nation
LeadersLeaders
Do not use one style exclusivelyDo not use one style exclusively
May use different styles May use different styles
Rely more heavily on dominant style in Rely more heavily on dominant style in given situationsgiven situations
Laissez -Fair TransformationalTransactional
Union Movement Union Movement LeadersLeaders
TransformationalTransformational
John L. LewisJohn L. Lewis Charismatic Charismatic Formed the CIO – Industrial UnionismFormed the CIO – Industrial Unionism Radical new unionismRadical new unionism Organized 1930’sOrganized 1930’s
Auto Auto SteelSteel ruberruber
Walter ReutherWalter Reuther
TransformationalTransformational President of UAW – 3President of UAW – 3rdrd CIO President CIO President Advocated Beyond Wages and BenefitsAdvocated Beyond Wages and Benefits Led UAW in fight for Social Justice in Led UAW in fight for Social Justice in
1960’s1960’s Believed Unions had a greater role in Believed Unions had a greater role in
societysociety
Lane KirklandLane Kirkland
TransactionalTransactional Intelligent but hesitant leaderIntelligent but hesitant leader Low key personalityLow key personality Depended on political and public relations Depended on political and public relations
strategiesstrategies Hung on to the status quoHung on to the status quo
Contemporary LeadersContemporary Leaders
Transformational Leadership StyleTransformational Leadership Style
John SweeneyJohn Sweeney
Andy SternAndy Stern
Richard TrumkaRichard Trumka
Linda Chavez-ThompsonLinda Chavez-Thompson
Local Level Local Level DevelopmentDevelopment
Transformational Leadership DevelopmentTransformational Leadership Development
Officers, Stewards, Committee ChairsOfficers, Stewards, Committee Chairs Leadership AssessmentLeadership Assessment TrainingTraining MentoringMentoring
ImpactsImpacts Improves member attitudeImproves member attitude Improves member participationImproves member participation
Study Supports Study Supports
Transformational Union Leadership StudyTransformational Union Leadership Study
Union developed test group of union Union developed test group of union stewardsstewards
Included training and follow-up Included training and follow-up developmentdevelopment
Developed group experienced increase in Developed group experienced increase in member satisfaction levelsmember satisfaction levels Undeveloped group did not see any increaseUndeveloped group did not see any increase
ConclusionConclusion
Transformational Leadership Transformational Leadership Increases member satisfactionIncreases member satisfaction
Add Improved union performanceAdd Improved union performance
Add Increase member satisfactionAdd Increase member satisfaction
OutcomeOutcome reflects positively on elected leadersreflects positively on elected leaders
Local StyleLocal Style
What style of leadership does your union What style of leadership does your union leader mainly exercise?leader mainly exercise?
Laissez- FaireLaissez- Faire TransactionalTransactional TransformationalTransformational
Cesar Chavez - Cesar Chavez - TransformationalTransformational