UNFCCC Workshop on Technology Needs Assessments CAMBODIAN TNA CURRENT STATUS By Uy Kamal Mitigation Team Leader 1-2 June 2011 Bonn, Germany.

UNFCCC Workshop on Technology Needs Assessments

CAMBODIAN TNA CURRENT STATUS

By Uy Kamal

Mitigation Team Leader

1-2 June 2011

Bonn, Germany

Contents

1. Getting organized for TNA

2. Identify development priorities related to CC

3. Technology analysis and prioritization using

MCDA Model

4. Lessons learned

TNA Coordination and Implement Structure

National Climate Change Mngt. Structure

1. Getting Organized for TNA (1/3)

Cambodia uses its existing climate change institutional

structure to implement TNA project:

The National Climate Change Committee (NCCC) serves as the National TNA Project Steering Committee

The Climate Change Department serves as the Project Coordinator

Selected members of the CDM Inter-ministerial and Adaptation Ad-hoc Working Groups are invited to join the National TNA Teams (mitigt. & adapt.)

The National TNA Teams are supported by national consultants/experts (Academic and research institute)

1. Getting Organized for TNA (2/3)

From regional Capacity Building to National Action

1. Getting Organized for TNA (3/3)

• The 1st RCB Workshop Sept 15-17, 2010

• The 2nd RCB Workshop Jan 18-21, 2011

The TNA Handbook, the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) Techniques, Cost and Financial Model, Technology Fact sheet, Technology-Barrier Analysis, etc., were introduced.

Use existing key gov’t documents i.e. The Cambodian MDGs, The Rectangular Strategy, The National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) Update 2009-2013, Sectoral Strategic Plans, National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA), Draft Second National Communication (SNC), and other sources such as ClimateTechWiki, etc.

A preliminary list of proposed

adaptation and mitigation

options/technologies has

been selected.

2. Identify development priorities relate to CC

Examples in Adaptation Sub-sector Technology

Rice production Water saving measures Irrigation strategies Improved drought resistance of rice crop strains Improved seed varieties Changes in consumer behavior concerning food

Food crops Drought-resistant crop varieties (biotechnology) Improved crops distribution systems Crop rotation systems Crop research and development Gene technology

Livestock Animal feed changes Improved animal husbandry practices Changes in location or animal type

2.1 Priority sectors and sub-sector for CC adaption and mitigation (1/4)

Sub-sector Technology

Water Supply for Agriculture

Increase reservoir technology Efficiency irrigation systems

Water Demand for Agriculture

Increase water use technology Reduce leakage in distribution systems Seasonal forecasting Water demand management

Coastal Protection Dikes, levees (dam), floodwalls Detached breakwaters Floodgates, tidal barriers Saltwater intrusion barriers Wetland restoration

Examples in Adaptation

2.1 Priority sectors and sub-sector for CC adaption and mitigation (2/4)

Energy Option/Technology

Energy Industries

Grid Connection REEs, Grid Connection Auto Producers, Grid Connection Battery Charging Station, Solar Power Plant, and Solar Home System.

Transport Sector

Hybrid Cars, Motor Vehicle Inspection, Electric scooters and Bicycles, Public transport, etc.,

Rice cultivation Rice Milling Efficiency/Technology Change, Garment Industry Efficiency/Technology Change, Brick Works Efficiency/Technology Change

Examples in Mitigation

2.1 Priority sectors and sub-sector for CC adaption and mitigation (3/4)

Non-Energy Technology

Agriculture

Rice cultivation Composting, Biogas effluent, Posphogypsum

Livestock Small Scale Biogas, Aquaculture/healthy diet

Agricultural soil management

Organic input agriculture, Bio-Slurry, Crop Management

Land Use Change and Forestry

Urban Cook stove, REDD+, Agro-forestry, Rural Cook stove

Examples in Mitigation

2.1 Priority sectors and sub-sector for CC adaption and mitigation (4/4)

GHG Emission By Sector Total CO2eq %

LUCF 23600.36 50.21

Agriculture 21113.40 44.92

Energy 2059.86 4.38

Waste 229.24 0.49

Total 47002.85 100.00(Source: GHG Inventory report 2009)

2.2 Priority sectors and sub-sector for climate change mitigation (1/4)

National GHG Inventory

SectorEconomic Priorities

Social Priorities

Environmental Priorities

GHG Reduction Potential

Total Benefit

Energy 5 4 4 5 18

LUCF 4 4 5 4 17

Agriculture 5 4 4 3 16

Waste 3 3 4 4 14

Industrial processes 4 3 2 3 12

Solvent and other product use 3 2 2 2 9

Note: Rating Scheme: 0: no benefit, 1: faintly desirable, 2: fairly desirable, 3: moderately desirable, 4: very desirable, and 5: extremely desirable.

Sector Rating Scheme

2.2 Priority sectors and sub-sector for climate change mitigation (2/4)

Sub-sector rating schemeSector &Subsector

Economic Priorities

Social Priorities

Environmental Priorities

GHG Reduction Potential

Total Benefit

1. Energy

Energy Industries 5 3 5 5 18

Other sectors* 5 5 4 3 17

Transport 4 4 3 4 15

Manufacturing industries and construction

5 3 3 4 15

Other (please specify)

3 4 4 2 13

4. Agriculture Rice cultivation 4 4 2 5 15 Enteric fermentation 3 3 3 5 14 Agricultural soils 4 3 4 3 14

Manure management

3 2 4 3 12

Field burning of agricultural residues

2 2 3 2 9

Prescribed burning of savannahs

2 2 2 2 8

Other (please specify)

0 0 0 0 0

2.2 Priority sectors and sub-sector for climate change mitigation (3/4)

5. Land-use change and forestry

Forest and grassland conversion

5 4 4 5 18

Changes in forest and other woody biomass stocks

4 4 5 4 17

Abandonment of managed lands

4 4 4 4 16

Other (please specify)**

0 0 0 0 0

CO2 emissions and removals from soil

0 0 0 0 0

6. Waste

Other (Recycling, composting, etc.)

3 3 4 4 14

Waste-water handling

3 3 3 3 12

Solid waste disposal on land

3 2 3 3 11

Waste incineration 2 2 3 3 10

Sub-sector rating scheme

2.2 Priority sectors and sub-sector for climate change mitigation (4/4)

3. Technology Analysis and prioritization by using MCDA Model

Transportation Public city transport 30.1 3.9 20.6 54.6

Electric scooters and Bicycles 22.8 3.2 16.2 42.1

Hybrid Cars 4.5 1.5 15.9 21.8

Technology selection in transport sub-sectors- a result from MCDA Model

Costs GHG Mitigation Development benefits

Total

1 Hybrid Cars 4.5 1.5 15.9 21.8 2 Motor Vehicle Inspection 18.8 1.6 14.8 35.2 3 Electric scooters and Bicycles 22.8 3.2 16.2 42.1 4 City Transport Master Plan 23.2 2.8 14.9 40.8 5 Public city transport 30.1 3.9 20.6 54.6

Prioritized technology base on development benefits

The first draft synthesis reports on TNA for mitigation and adaptation have been submitted for comments

Sector Sub-sector

Technology Barriers Propose solution

Energy Efficient Urban Mass Transport

? ?

Vehicle Emission Standards

? ?

Energy Efficient Lighting

? ?

Energy Efficient Appliances

? ?

…

Next Step: 2nd National Consultation- To explore further feedback on the draft synthesis TNA report, - To identify barriers and propose solution for each identified technology and TAP

4. Lessons learned • The existing national climate change institution, where

adaptation and mitigation working groups are ready, is relevant for TNA in Cambodia.

• SNC provides significant sources of mitigation options/technologies a good base for TNA development

• MCDA model is good tool to prioritize potential technologies, but it still needs practical exercise by local experts

• There should have referent value, such as cost, GHG mitigation, and the benefit of common typical technologies to be available for reference.

• TNA shall contribute to the development of the to-be-prepared National Strategy and Action Plan on Climate Change, NAMA, etc.

Thank you very much

for your attention!