Unfair? People in Britain were paying higher taxes than colonists.People in Britain were paying higher taxes than colonists. –This imbalance seemed unfair.

Unfair?Unfair?• People in Britain were paying People in Britain were paying higherhigher taxes taxes

than colonists.than colonists.– This imbalance seemed unfair to those in This imbalance seemed unfair to those in

Europe.Europe.– They assumed the They assumed the warwar was fought mostly for was fought mostly for

the colonists.the colonists.– Therefore, they wanted the colonists to Therefore, they wanted the colonists to paypay for for

the war.the war.

• Britain Britain doubleddoubled its national debt its national debt • Who’s going to pay for the war?...ColoniesWho’s going to pay for the war?...Colonies

– How?...How?...TAXESTAXES!!

Quartering Quartering ActAct

• Required colonists Required colonists to provide to provide housinghousing and supplies for and supplies for the British troops the British troops stationed there stationed there after the war.after the war.

• They complained a They complained a lot but most went lot but most went along with it.along with it.– They assumed They assumed

Parliament had the Parliament had the right to right to regulateregulate trade and provide trade and provide for for defensedefense..

Sugar ActSugar Act• MerchantsMerchants were were

becoming wealthybecoming wealthy• Smuggling or Smuggling or

bribing officials to bribing officials to avoidavoid taxes on taxes on imports.imports.

• George Grenville George Grenville assigned customs assigned customs officers and created officers and created courts to collect the courts to collect the taxes and taxes and prosecuteprosecute smugglers.smugglers.• Grenville hoped Grenville hoped

that the act would that the act would encourage colonists encourage colonists to pay the tax.to pay the tax.

StampStamp ActAct• A tax law requiring A tax law requiring

colonists to colonists to purchase special purchase special stamped paper for stamped paper for printedprinted items, legal items, legal documents, licenses, documents, licenses, newspapersnewspapers, , pamphletspamphlets, land , land deeds, books, and deeds, books, and almanacsalmanacs

• This is the first time This is the first time Parliament had Parliament had imposed a imposed a directdirect tax tax within the colonies.within the colonies.

• Colonies and no Colonies and no representativesrepresentatives in in Congress to argue Congress to argue their case for them.their case for them.

3 Forms of 3 Forms of ResistanceResistance1.1. IntellectualIntellectual protest protest

– Writing Writing pamphletspamphlets– Writing and giving speechesWriting and giving speeches– Delivering sermonsDelivering sermons

• JohnJohn Adams- prominent Adams- prominent lawyer from MAlawyer from MA

• Enlightenment thinkersEnlightenment thinkers– John John LockeLocke– LifeLife, , LibertyLiberty, , PropertyProperty= = naturalnatural

rightsrights– A good government should A good government should

protect these rights and exist for protect these rights and exist for the good of the people.the good of the people.

2.2. ViolentViolent Intimidation Intimidation– Those who Those who opposedopposed the British taxes the British taxes

called themselves called themselves PatriotsPatriots

• SonsSons of Liberty of Liberty : a resistance group of BostonBoston shopkeepers, artisans and laborers led by SamuelSamuel Adams– Harass stamp distributors, customs

agents– Assaulted colonists who supported or helped to collect taxes.

3 Forms of Resistance3 Forms of Resistance

3. 3. EconomicEconomic Boycotts Boycotts– Merchants refusedrefused to import

British manufactured goods (boycottboycott)

– Prepared a Declaration of Rights and GrievancesGrievances

• Delegates from 9 colonies met in NYCNYC

• Stamp Act Congress said that Parliament lacked the power to impose taxes without representationrepresentation from the colonial assemblies

3 Forms of Resistance3 Forms of Resistance

Role of WomenRole of Women• DaughtersDaughters of LibertyLiberty

– Created homespun cloth instead of buying Britain’s manufactured fabrics.

– Women organized “spinning beesspinning bees”

• These combined efforts led to Parliament repealingrepealing the Stamp Act in 1766.– After the repeal, Parliament imposed different taxes.

Townshend ActsTownshend Acts• Boycott worked &

Stamp Act removed• In 1767, Townshend Townshend

ActsActs are passed– Taxed lead, paint,

glass, and 3 cent tax on tea

– Station troops at major colonial ports to protect customs officers

• Colonists reaction– “Taxation without Taxation without

representationrepresentation”– Organize more

boycotts of imported goods

Boston MassacreBoston Massacre• The presence of British soldiers in

Boston’s streets filled the air with hostility.

• Competition for jobsjobs– between colonists and poorly paidpaid

soldiers who looked for extra workwork in local shipyardsshipyards during off-duty hours.

• MarchMarch 5, 17 5, 177070– A fist fight broke out over jobs

• A mobmob gathered in front of the CustomsCustoms House and taunted the British guards.

• Colonists and several dockhands showed up and gun fire was heard.– CrispusCrispus Attucks Attucks and 4 other men

were dead, 6 were wounded

• SamuelSamuel Adams Adams gave the name of “Boston MassacreMassacre”– This name showed that the British

attacked defenselessdefenseless citizens.

•Paul Paul RevereRevere

•SignificaSignificant nt differencedifferences from the s from the actual actual event…event…Can YOU Can YOU find some find some differencedifferences? Write s? Write down 3 down 3 things you things you think are think are wrong!wrong!