Une singularité rhétorique : la vertu stoïcienne de l’élaboration (kataskeue)

R E V U EDE

P H I L O L O G I EDE LITTÉRATURE ET D’HISTOIRE ANCIENNES

TOME 87

2013FASCICULE 1

K L I N C K S I E C K

FAS

CIC

UL

E 1

RE

VU

E D

E P

HIL

OL

OG

IET

OM

E 8

7

ISSN 0035-1652ISBN 978-2-252-03960-1

SOMMAIRE

Sophie AUBERT-BAILLOTUne singularité rhétorique : la vertu stoïcienne de l’élaboration (!"#"$!%&') ................................................................................................... 7

Marie AUGIERSur le sens de ()"!*+%&$), dans un règlement du IIIe siècle après J.-C. de l’île de Rhodes ................................................................................................ 27

Francesca Romana BERNO

Avere la morte fra le mani. Nota a Sen., Epist. 51, 9 ............................... 37Éric DIEU

L’étymologie de l’adjectif grec -%$./$)0, ....................................................... 41Mathieu ENGERBEAUD

La Bataille d’Ausculum (279 av. J.-C.), une défaite romaine ? .................. 61Antoine FOUCHER

L’hiatus interlinéaire dans les élégies de Tibulle ...................................... 81Sébastien MORLET

La Préparation évangélique d’Eusèbe et les Stromates perdus d’Origène : nouvelles considérations ............................................................................... 107

Yann RIVIÈREL’interdiction de l’eau, du feu… et du toit (sens et origine de la désigna-tion du bannissement chez les romains) ...................................................... 125

Pierre VESPERINI

Marc Aurèle, la « vérité héroïque » et la mélancolie ................................. 157

BULLETIN BIBLIOGRAPHIQUE ................................................................................... 173

RÉSUMÉS / ABSTRACTS ............................................................................................ 197

CV_RPH87-1.indd 1 09/02/2015 16:07

REVUEDE

PHILOLOGIEDE LITTÉRATURE ET D’HISTOIRE ANCIENNES

TROISIÈME SÉRIE

PUBLIÉE SOUS LA DIRECTION DE

Ph. HOFFMANNDIRECTEUR D’ÉTUDES À L’ÉCOLE PRATIQUE DES HAUTES ÉTUDES

ET Ph. MOREAUPROFESSEUR ÉMÉRITE

À L’UNIVERSITÉDE PARIS EST CRÉTEIL

ANNÉE ET TOME LXXXVIIFASC. 1

(148e de la collection)

PARIS

KLINCKSIECK

Retrouvez les sommaires de la Revue de philologie et les nouveautés Klincksieck sur

www.klincksieck.com

ISBN 978-2-252-03960-1© Klincksieck, 2015

Rev. de philologie, 2013, LXXXVII, 1

!"#$%&"'!()*&+,$*-,+.*&/!#01 LA VERTU STOÏCIENNE DE L’ÉLABORATION (!"#"$!%&')02

34 (56789:;8<=:>$ ?@<$ 75?AB;?@@=:>$ CD=$ E:>@=@<?$ F$ 6G=<?;$ 78$ <;=G=87=<64 H0I (1"#"$!%&23(/34$#)536/7),34!.%8%&9&:"3#;53 <()=#)$>*5JK$ +?77?$ ?@<$ 78$L6M>=<=:>$ 78E:>=CD?$L?$ 78$E=>CD=NO?$L?@$G?;<D@$ @<:PE=?>>?@$LD$L=@E:D;@$(?+%#"@36*90&J$CD?$;8BB:;<?$Q=:RN>?$(8S;E?$8D$ 7=G;?$T&&$L?$@?@$Vies et

opinions des philosophesK$ !>?$ U:=@$ ?AB:@6@$ 7?@$ U:>L?O?><@$ L?$ 78$ 7:R=CD?$L?@$BV=7:@:BV?@$LD$W:;<=CD?X$758D<?D;$L6E78;?$8D$Y4Z[$@:>$=><?><=:>$L56G:-CD?;$?>$L6<8=7$<:D<$E?$CD=X$?>$?77?X$@?$;8BB:;<?$F$7?D;$O8>D?7$L5=><;:LDE-<=:>X$ ?>$ E=<8><$ F$ 78$ 7?<<;?$ 7?$Répertoire cursif des philosophes$ L?$ Q=:E7N@$L?$\8R>6@=?$ ]Y4Z^_àJX$BD=@$D>$?A<;8=<$L5D>$O8>D?7$ @<:PE=?>$@D;$ 78$L=8-7?E<=CD?$ ]Y4`Z_[IJ0aK$ (5?AB:@6$L?@$ E=>C$G?;<D@$LD$L=@E:D;@$ ;?E?>@6?@$B8;$7?@$ %<:PE=?>@X$ 8D$ Y4 `^X$ >5?@<$ 8BB8;?OO?><$ B8@$ 8@@=R>6$ F$ D>$ BV=7:@:BV?$?>$ B8;<=ED7=?;K$ ,<8><$ L:>>6$ <:D<?U:=@$ CD?$ Q=:RN>?$ (8S;E?X$ LN@$ 7?$ Y4 ``X$@?$ B78E?$ @:D@$ 7?$ B8<;:>8R?$ E:>@<8><$ L?$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?$ ]ca.4 IZd_ca.42`2J$L8>@$@:>$6<DL?$L?$78$G:=A$]8=5'J$e$B;?O=N;?$L?@$L?DA$@D9L=G=-@=:>@$L?$78$9;8>EV?$L=87?E<=CD?$L?$78$7:R=CD?X$78$@?E:>L?$9;8>EV?$6<8><$78$;V6<:;=CD?0Z4eX$=7$?@<$<;N@$B;:9897?$CD?$758>87c@?$L?@$G?;<D@$LD$L=@E:D;@$@:=<$?77?$8D@@=$LD?$F$E?$@E:78;CD?X$CD=$6<8=<$B8;$8=77?D;@$E:>@=L6;6$E:OO?$75D>$L?@$B7D@$R;8>L@$BV=7:@:BV?@$LD$W:;<=CD?0`K$Q8>@$L?$>:O9;?DA$L:O8=>?@X$Q=:RN>?$ ;?U:;OD78$ 7?@$ B:@=<=:>@$ L?@$ B;?O=?;@$ @E:78;CD?@X$ L?$ <?77?$ @:;<?$CD?$@?@$B:@=<=:>@$L?G=>;?><$75?AB;?@@=:>$LD$@<:PE=@O?$:;<V:L:A?$LD;8><$7?@$ff?$?<$f?;$@=NE7?@$8G8><$g6@D@_hV;=@<K

)G8><$ L5?><8O?;$ >:<;?$ 8>87c@?$ L?$ 78$ L?;>=N;?$ L?@$ G?;<D@$ @<:PE=?>>?@$LD$L=@E:D;@X$=7$E:>G=?><$L?$78$;?B78E?;$L8>@$@:>$E:><?A<?K$T:=E=$L:>E$75?>-@?O97?$LD$Y4`^$L?$Q=:RN>?$(8S;E?X$CD=$U8=<$@D=<?$F$756>DO6;8<=:>$L?@$B8;-

2K$g?$<=?>@$F$;?O?;E=?;$G=G?O?><$7?@$;?7?E<?D;@$8>:>cO?@$L?$78$Revue de philologieX$8=>@=$CD?$WV=7=BB?$-:iO8>>X$B:D;$ 7?D;@$B;6E=?DA$E:OO?><8=;?@$CD=$O5:><$B?;O=@$L58j>?;$B7D@=?D;@$L?$O?@$8>87c@?@$?<$L?$O:L=M?;$78$<;8LDE<=:>$CD?$k58G8=@$=>=<=87?O?><$EV:=@=?$B:D;$7?$O:<$!"#"$!%&'.

IK$ Q(X$ T&&X$ `^K$ %8DU$ =>L=E8<=:>$ E:><;8=;?X$ <:D<?@$ 7?@$ <;8LDE<=:>@$ CD?$ >:D@$ B;:B:@:>@$ @:><$B?;@:>>?77?@K

aK$hUK$gK$\8>@U?7LX$34Q=:R?>?@$(8?;<=D@$:>$%<:=E$WV=7:@:BVc4HX$ElenchosX$lX$2^[mX$BK4I^`_a[I$]=E=X$BK4a`2_alaJ0n$QK#K$-8VOX$34Q=:R?>?@$(8?;<=D@$T&&01$.>$<V?$%<:=E@4HX$A.N.R.W.X$&&X$amX$mX$b?;-7=>_"?o$p:;qX$2^ÎX$BK4Zdlm_Z2[IK

ZK$Q(X$T&&X$Z2K`K$Q8>@$@:>$;?ED?=7$L?@$Stoicorum Veterum FragmentaX$-K$G:>$);>=O$>5V6@=<?$B8@$?>$<:D<$E8@$

F$8<<;=9D?;$F$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?$E?$B8@@8R?$L?$75?AB:@6$L?$Q=:RN>?$(8S;E?$]ibid.X$T&&X$`^$r$SVFX$&&&$Q=:RK4IZJK

8 SOPHIE AUBERT-BAILLOT

<=?@$LD$L=@E:D;@$]>:O$B;:B;?X$>:O$E:OOD>X$G?;9?X$E:>k:>E<=:>X$8;<=E7?J$?<$B;6ENL?$78$L=@<=>E<=:>$B:@=L:>=?>>?$?><;?$B:NO?$?<$B:6@=?$CD=$E:OB:;<?$?77?$8D@@=$7?$<?;O?$!"#"$!%&'01

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

(?@$G?;<D@$LD$L=@E:D;@$@:><$8D$>:O9;?$L?$E=>C01$78$R;6E=<6X$78$E78;<6X$78$ E:>E=@=:>X$ 78$ E:>G?>8>E?X$ 756789:;8<=:>K$ (8$ R;6E=<6$ ?@<$ L:>E$ 7?$O:L?$L5?AB;?@@=:>$CD=$E:>@=@<?$F$@5?AB;=O?;$@8>@$U8D<?X$?>$;?@B?E-<8><$ 75D@8R?$ <?EV>=CD?$ ?<$ >:>$ 7=G;6$ 8D$ V8@8;LK$ (8$ E78;<6$ ?@<$ 75?A-B;?@@=:>$CD=$E:>@=@<?$F$B;6@?><?;$78$B?>@6?$L?$U8s:>$=><?77=R=97?K$(8$E:>E=@=:>$?@<$ 75?AB;?@@=:>$CD=$E:>@=@<?$F$>5?OB7:c?;$CD?$ 7?@$O:<@$>6E?@@8=;?@$ B:D;$ ;?>L;?$O8>=U?@<?$ 75:9k?<$ LD$ L=@E:D;@K$ (8$ E:>G?->8>E?$ ?@<$ 75?AB;?@@=:>$ CD=$ E:>@=@<?$ F$ 8BB;:B;=?;$ @:>$ B;:B:@$ 8D$@Dk?<K$(56789:;8<=:>$?@<$75?AB;?@@=:>$CD=$E:>@=@<?$F$6G=<?;$78$<;=G=8-7=<6K$W8;O=$7?@$G=E?@$LD$L=@E:D;@X$7?$98;98;=@O?$?@<$D>?$?AB;?@@=:>$CD=$G8$F$75?>E:><;?$L?$75D@8R?$L?@$';?E@$L=@<=>RD6@0n$7?$@:76E=@O?$?@<$D>$6>:>E6$CD=$L8>@$@:>$8R?>E?O?><$>?$;?@B?E<?$B8@$7?@$;NR7?@$L?$E:V6;?>E?K0m

(8$ <?;O=>:7:R=?$?OB7:c6?$B8;$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?$F$B;:B:@$L?$ 78$ E=>-CD=NO?$L?@$G?;<D@$LD$L=@E:D;@$8$<?77?O?><$@D;B;=@$7?@$=><?;B;N<?@$CD5?77?$8$U8=<$75:9k?<$L?@$<;8LDE<=:>@$7?@$B7D@$L=G?;@?@01$34E:>@<;DE<=:>4H0lX$34<?>D?4H0[X$34@:=>4H0^X$

mK$Q(X$T&&X$`^$]r$SVFX$&&&$Q=:RK4IZJKlK$,K$b;6V=?;X$L8>@$@:>$6L=<=:>$L?$78$W76=8L?X$BK4a`K[K$gK$Q;:@@X$Voir la philosophie. Les représentations de la philosophie à RomeX$W8;=@X$(?@$b?77?@$

(?<<;?@X$Id2dX$BK4222X$>K4àX$?@<=O?$CD?$78$<;8LDE<=:>$L?$34<?>D?4H$B?;O?<$L?$34O8;CD?;$78$L=i6-;?>E?$?><;?$78$E:>E?B<=:>$@<:PE=?>>?$O=>=O87=@<?$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'$?<$7?$@?>@$CD?$7D=$E:>UN;?><$7?@$;V6<?D;@4H$B7D@$<8;LX$F$@8G:=;$E?7D=$L5:;>?O?><8<=:>$@<c7=@<=CD?K

^K$WK$hV=;:>X$!"#$%&'()$#*&+,"")-.#/&*&'$0,1 (21()3,4/&*&'$0,1#3(#2%567$(). Essai sur les muta-

tions de la théorie du style de l’époque hellénistiqueX$W8;=@X$T;=>X$Idd2X$BK42`mK

9LA VERTU STOÏCIENNE DE L’ÉLABORATION

34:;>?O?><8<=:>4H$:D$34:;>?O?><4H02dX$34676R8>E?4H022X$34G?@<?$8;<=@<=E8X$:<<?>D<8$B?;$O?tt:$L=$D>8$?7:EDt=:>?$@E?7<84H02IK$W:D;$<?><?;$L5?AB7=CD?;$75:;=R=>?$L?$E?@$L=G?;@?@$<;8LDE<=:>@X$>:D@$B;:E6L?;:>@$<:D<$L589:;L$F$D>$?A8O?>$L?$756<cO:-7:R=?$L?$E?$<?;O?$R;?E$?<$L?$@?@$6CD=G87?><@$78<=>@0n$=7$>:D@$@?O97?$CD5=7$?@<$>6$L8>@$D>$E:><?A<?$8;=@<:<67=E=?>X$<V6:BV;8@<=?>$B7D@$?A8E<?O?><X$:u$=7$;?Gv<8=<$7?$@?>@$L534:;>?O?><8<=:>4HX$kD@CD5F$E?$CD?$7?$%<:PE=?>$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?$7D=$Uw<$@D9=;$D>$=>x6EV=@@?O?><$?>$@?$;6E78O8><$>:<8OO?><$L?$78$B?>@6?$@:E;8<=CD?$LD$Gorgias.

2Ky(56<cO:7:R=?$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'

Q58B;N@$ @:>$ 6<cO:7:R=?X$ 78$ !"#"$!%&'$ L6@=R>?$ 8D$ B;?O=?;$ @?>@$ 78$34E:>@<;DE<=:>4H$]7?$TLG$7D=$L:>>?$B:D;$6CD=G87?><@$78<=>@$extructio, construc-

'0,8#1'$)+')$58#,90:+0)*JX$78$34E:OB:@=<=:>4HX$?<$E5?@<$8D$@?>@$L?$34E:>@<=<D<=:>4H$e$L5D>$E:;B@X$L5D>?$zO?X$L?@$:;R8>?@$@?>@:;=?7@X$L5D>$v<;?$VDO8=>$?>$R6>6-;8702a$e$CD?$7?$O:<$?@<$7?$B7D@$U;6CD?OO?><$?OB7:c6$L8>@$75)>E=?>$W:;<=CD?02Z. %?7:>$ D>?$ @?E:>L?$ 8EE?B<=:>X$ 78$ !"#"$!%&'$ @=R>=M?$ 78$ 34 B;6B8;8<=:>4 HX$7534?A?;E=E?4H$]F$78$O8>=N;?$L?$>%6/#EJX$B8;O=$7?@$U;8RO?><@$L?$hV;c@=BB?02`. *=?>$>?$@?O978=<$L:>E$B;6L=@B:@?;$E?$<?;O?$F$75?OB7:=$CD5?>$M<$Q=:RN>?$L?$

2dK$WK$h:@<=7X$;<(1'%&'0=)(#60''&$50$(#3(#/(">1#3<?560+5$"511(@#A')3(#1)$#6(#+6511(*("'#('#65#3,+'$0"(#des$:B?;8$;V?<:;=E8$]<VN@?$L8E<c7:R;8BV=6?JX$W8;=@X$2^Z^X$BK4aaa0n$QKhK$&>>?@X$34+V?:BV;8@<D@$8>L$<V?$+V?:;c$:U$%<c7?4HX$in${K{K$|:;<?>98DRVX$WK\K$-D9cX$)K)K$(:>R$]?L@KJX$Theophrastus of Eresus.

B"#?01#;0C(#5"3#D,$E1X$"?o$b;D>@o=Eq_.AU:;LX$2^[`X$BK4I`2_Iml$]BK4I`m01$34:;>8O?><8<=:>4HJ0n$EUK$hK$)<V?;<:>X$34-8>L$:G?;$|=@<01$+V?$|8=7D;?$:U$%<:=E$*V?<:;=E4HX$Classical QuarterlyX$a[X$2^[[X$BK4aÎ_ZIl$ ]BK4a^m01$ 34:;>8O?><4H0n$BK4Z2a01$ 34?7?R8>E?$:;$:;>8O?><4HJ0n$G:=;$?>M>$*K$':D7?<X$<;8LDE<?D;$LD$7=G;?$T&&$L?@$Vies et doctrines des philosophes illustres$L?$Q=:RN>?$(8S;E?$]:DG;8R?$<;8LD=<$@:D@$78$L=;?E<=:>$L?$\K_.K$':D7?<_h8t6JX$W8;=@X$(=9;8=;=?$'6>6;87?$|;8>s8=@?X$2^^^X$BK4[I[K

22K$gK_bK$':D;=>8<X$La dialectique des stoïciensX$W8;=@X$T;=>X$IdddX$BK42mdK2IK$'K$\:;?<<=X$)ED<DO$L=E?>L=$R?>D@K$Brevità, oscurità, sottigliezze e paradossi nelle tradizioni

retoriche degli StoiciX$b:7:R>8X$WF<;:>X$2^^`X$BK4ZmK2aK$hUK$Q(X$T&&X$Ì$]r$SVFX$&&X$l2$r$LS4Zd$/J$@D;$78$34E:>@<=<D<=:>$L?@$:;R8>?@$@?>@:;=?7@4H$

(\3.%+@3#T3"<$OE#'+)"3!"#"$!%&'J0n$ibid.X$T&&X$2d[$]r$SVFX$&&&X$Zâ$r$LS4`^$hJ$F$B;:B:@$L?$78$L6M>=<=:>$t6>:>=?>>?$LD$!"O]!05$E:OO?$348E<=G=<6$CD=$?@<$?>$8j>=<6$8G?E$78$E:>@<=<D<=:>$>8-<D;?77?$L5D>$v<;?4H$]45/+9E>"3(^3"S#;3%_5")3#":,3!"#T38R$)53!"#"$!%&":,30<!%:0501$<;8LDE<=:>$L5,K$b;6V=?;JK

2ZK$hUK$Q(X$T&&X$2d[$]r$SVFX$&&&X$ZâJ01$#;3!"O]!05 […] 45/+9E>"3(^3"S#;3%_5")3#":,3!"#T38R$)53!"#"$!%&":,30<!%:0501$ 34 7?$L?G:=;$ =><?;O6L=8=;?$}~�$?@<$D>$8E<?$8BB;:B;=6$F$ 78$E:>@<=-<D<=:>$ >8<D;?77?4 HK$ T:=;$ 8D@@=$.;=RN>?X$/(# 9$0"+09001# 60F@X$ &&&X$ BK4 22d$Q?78;D?$ ]r$ SVFX$ &&X$ ^^dJX$:u$ 758D<?D;$ 97zO?$ 75V:OO?$ CD=$ @5?>$ B;?>L$ 8DA$ 6G6>?O?><@$ ?A<6;=?D;@$ B:D;$ @?$ L6L:D8>?;$ L?$<:D<?$U8D<?$?<$;D=>?$B8;$7F$OvO?$7?$E:>E?B<$@<:PE=?>$L5=>L6B?>L8>E?$?<$L58D<:L6<?;O=>8<=:>$]#;3"S#%70R$)05J01$34F$;?9:D;@X$=7$?@<$E:><;8=;?$F$756G=L?>E?$L58EED@?;$@8$E:>@<=<D<=:>$@?D7?$]`)6253#253!"#"$!%&'5JX$6<8><$L:>>6$CD5D>$L=@E:D;@$6LDE8<?D;$@?$EV8;R?$L?@$R?>@$U:;<$=><?OB6;8><@$?<$L?@$B7D@$@8DG8R?@$8D$E8@$:u$=7@$@D=G;8=?><$E?<<?$=>E=<8<=:>X$?<$7?@$U8=<$EV8>R?;$}~�4HK$T:=;$?>E:;?$%#X$AMX$T&&&X$Il`$]r$SVFX$&&X$IIa$r$LS4à4+JX$@D;$78$34>8<D;?$?<$78$E:>@<=<D<=:>$VDO8=>?4H$]#L38R$%)3!"@3!"#"$!%&L3#?5O+a.0&J0n$)7?AK$)BV;KX$/(#*0G'0,"(X$�T&X$BK4alX$7K4^$';:=@8;L$]r$SVFX$&&X$la`J$@D;$78$34E:>@<=<D<=:>$LD$E:;B@4H$]!"#"$!%&253#0U3$a>"#0,).

2`K$%<:96?X$Ecl.X$&&X$lX$22O$]r$SVFX$&&&X$ammJK


b89c7:>=?$L8>@$D>$E:><?A<?$L58>87c@?$LD$L=@E:D;@K$(8$@?D7?$:EED;;?>E?$L?$>8<D;?$ @<c7=@<=CD?$8><6;=?D;?$F$E?$%<:PE=?>$CD?$>:D@$8c:>@$ ;?7?G6?$L8>@$ 7?$TLG$ @?$ <;:DG?$EV?t$W:7c9?$]ca.4Id[_ca.42ImJ0n$F$L?DA$;?B;=@?@$8D$E:D;@$L?$@:>$7=G;?$�T&X$758D<?D;$E;=<=CD?$75V=@<:;=?>$�6>:>$L?$*V:L?@$]ca.4IId_ca.42`dJ$B:D;$@?@$>8;;8<=:>@$9;=778><?@$?<$8OB:D76?@$?<$@8$;?EV?;EV?$@<c7=@<=CD?$?AE?@-@=G?$]!"#"$!%&23#],36/7%=,)02mK$.;$W:7c9?$;?>E:><;8$B?D<_v<;?$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?$F$*:O?$?>$2``02lX$?<$=7$>5?@<$B8@$=OB:@@=97?$CD5=7$8=<$;6L=R6$7?$7=G;?$�T&$L?$@?@$?01',0$(1$8B;N@$E?<$6B=@:L?X$8DCD?7$E8@$=7$8D;8=<$BD$?OB;D><?;$8D$%<:PE=?>$75?AB;?@@=:>$CD5=7$8BB7=CD?$F$�6>:>K

Q8>@$7?$E8@$E:><;8=;?X$W:7c9?$8D;8=<$B?D<_v<;?$D@6$LD$<?;O?$!"#"$!%&' L8>@$D>?$8EE?B<=:>$@<c7=@<=CD?$F$ 78$@D=<?$L?$+V6:BV;8@<?X$L:><$>:D@$8G:>@$O87V?D;?D@?O?><$ B?;LD$ 7?$ <;8=<6$ V%+@3 #],3 6/7%=,$ :u$ 6<8=?><$ ?AB:@6?@$CD8<;?$G?;<D@$LD$@<c7?$]E:;;?E<=:>X$E78;<6X$E:>G?>8>E?X$:;>?O?><8<=:>JK$&7$?>$L?O?D;?$<:D<?U:=@$D>$6EV:$8D$Y4[d$L?$75Orator$L?$h=E6;:>X$L8>@$7?$E8L;?$L?$78$L?@E;=B<=:>$LD$@<c7?$@=OB7?$]genus tenueJ$e$7?$B7D@$B;:EV?X$B8;O=$7?@$<;:=@$L6E;=<@$L8>@$75OratorX$L?$E?7D=$CD?$B;8<=CD8=?><$7?@$%<:PE=?>@01

H($*,#9)$)1#($0'#('#;5'0")1-I#306)+03(#965"(=)(#30+(')$8#=)03#3(+(5'#+0$-+)*190+0(')$-I# )")*# 5F($0'8# =),3# =)5$')*# ")*($5'# J%(,9%$51')1# 0"#,$5'0,"01#65)30F)18#,$"5')*#066)38#1)5)(#('#5K)("1@#L+)'5(#+$(F$5(=)(#sententiae ponentur et nescio unde ex abdito erutae, idque in hoc oratore

dominabitur. Verecundus erit usus oratoriae quasi supellectilis. Supellex

est enim quodam modo nostra, quae est in ornamentis, alia rerum alia

)($F,$)*@#B$"5')1#5)'(*#)($F,$)*#3)96(G-.#)")1#10*960+0)*8#56'($#+,6-locatorum.

(8$78>RD?$@?;8$BD;?$?<$ 78<=>?X$ 75?AB;?@@=:>$E78=;?$?<$>?<<?0n$:>$@?;8$8<<?><=U$ F$ E?$ CD=$ ?@<$ @68><K$ &7$ >?$O8>CD?;8$ CD5D>?$ EV:@?X$ 78$ CD8-<;=NO?$L?$756>DO6;8<=:>$L?$+V6:BV;8@<?$L8>@$7?@$O6;=<?@$LD$@<c7?01$75:;>?O?><8<=:>$]ornatumJ$ @D8G?$?<$89:>L8><?K$.>$OD7<=B7=?;8$ 7?@$<;8=<@$B=CD8><@X$k8=77=@$L?$k?$>?$@8=@$CD?77?$@:D;E?$Oc@<6;=?D@?X$?<$E5?@<$E?$CD=$L:O=>?;8$L8>@$E?<$:;8<?D;K$&7$U?;8$D>$D@8R?$L=@E;?<$]uerecun-

dusJ$L?$E?$CD?$75:>$B:D;;8=<$8BB?7?;$7?@$8EE?@@:=;?@$L?$7567:CD?>E?$(oratoriae quasi supellectilisJK$ ":D@$ 8G:>@$ ?>$ ?i?<$ L5D>?$ E?;<8=>?$U8s:>$]quodam modoJ$>:@$8EE?@@:=;?@$]supellex […] nostraJX$7?@CD?7@$

2mK$(?@$L8<?@$L?$E?$B?;@:>>8R?$ @:><$ U:D;>=?@$B8;$�K$)9?7X$ 34�?>:>4HX$>�4[X$REX$�8X$2^lIX$E:7K42a[_2Zd$]E:7K42a[JK$W:D;$7?@$:EED;;?>E?@$LD$O:<$!"#"$!%&'X$G:=;$W:7c9?X$?01'@X$�T&X$2lX$^0n$ibid.X$�T&X$2[X$IK

2lK$hUK$)D7D_'?77?X$NAX$T&X$2ZX$2d01$34*D<=7=D@$?<$W:7c9?$L=@?><$CD5:>$@56<:>>8$87:;@$L?$7567:-CD?>E?$L?@$<;:=@$BV=7:@:BV?@X$EV8ED>$L8>@$D>$R?>;?$L=i6;?><01$�h8;>68L?X$L=@?><_=7@X$B8;78=<$8G?E$=OB6<D:@=<6$?<$?OB:;<?O?><X$h;=<:78:@$8G?E$M>?@@?$?<$676R8>E?X$Q=:RN>?$8G?E$O?@D;?$?<$@:9;=6-<654H$]Tum admirationi fuisse aiunt Rutilius et Polybius philosophorum trium sui cuiusque generis facun-

diam01$34uiolenta4HX$inquiuntX$34('#$59035#M5$"(53(1#30+(F5'8#1+0'5#('#'($('05#M$0',65)18#*,3(1'5#/0,N("(1#et sobria4H01$<;8LDE<=:>$L?$*K$\8;8EV?X$;?<:DEV6?JK


E:>@=@<?><$L8>@$7?@$:;>?O?><@$]in ornamentisJ$@:=<$L?$B?>@6?@X$@:=<$L?$O:<@K$(5:;>?O?><8<=:>$]ornatusJ$L?@$O:<@$?@<$L:D97?01$ 75D>?$?@<$L8>@$7?@$O:<@$E:>@=L6;6@$=@:76O?><X$758D<;?$L8>@$7?D;$R;:DB?O?><K02[

Q8>@$ 7?D;$ <;8LDE<=:>$ 78<=>?X$ 7?@$ G?;<D@$ L?$ BD;?<6$ ]purus, LatinusJX$ L?$E78;<6$ ]dilucide planequeJ$ ?<$ L?$ E:>G?>8>E?$ ]quid deceatJ$ :><$ E?;<8=>?O?><$B:D;$6CD=G87?><@$R;?E@$75D66E5)$>*,X$78$$"8'5%)"$?<$7?$.+/.05$e$8D<8><$L?$>:<=:>@$L6kF$B;6@?><?@$EV?t$);=@<:<?02^X$?<$;?B;=@?@$B8;$7?@$%<:PE=?>@$E:OO?$>:D@$758G:>@$GDK$(58k:D<$L?$ 78$E:>E=@=:>X$ 75D>?$L?@$<;:=@$CD87=<6@$L?$ 78$>8;-;8<=:>$]?+%#"@3()E9'$%=,J$@?7:>$D>?$<V6:;=?$L?$<;8L=<=:>$=@:E;8<=CD?0Id$CD=$@5?@<$U:>LD?$B;:R;?@@=G?O?><$L8>@$D>?$<V6:;=?$B7D@$R6>6;87?X$E?77?$L?@$G?;-<D@$LD$ @<c7?$ ]?+%#"@36/7%=,)0I2X$ ;?B;6@?><?$?>$ ;?G8>EV?$D>?$ @B6E=ME=<6$LD$W:;<=CD?K$)D@@=$?@<_=7$>:;O87$CD?$>:D@$>5?>$<;:DG=:>@$B8@$L58>>:>E?$EV?t$7?$W6;=B8<6<=E=?>$+V6:BV;8@<?X$L:><$:>$8$@:DG?><$L6E78;6$CD?$78$E:L=ME8<=:>$L?@$34O6;=<?@$LD$L=@E:D;@4H$]orationis laudibusX$L58B;N@$7?$<?A<?$E=E6;:>=?>J$8G8=<$=>xD?>E6$E?77?$6789:;6?$B8;$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?X$D>$9:>$@=NE7?$B7D@$<8;L0II.

h?<<?$VcB:<VN@?$?A=R?$<:D<?U:=@$CD?$E:P>E=L?><$3475:;>?O?><8<=:>$@D8G?$?<$89:>L8><?4H$],$"5')*#066)38#1)5)(#('#5K)("1JX$B;6@?><6?$B8;$h=E6;:>$E:OO?$78$CD8<;=NO?$G?;<D$@<c7=@<=CD?$LD$L=@E=B7?$L5);=@<:<?0IaX$?<$78$!"#"$!%&'$LD$BV=-7:@:BV?$@<:PE=?>X$?<$E?X$F$D>$L:D97?$>=G?8DK$&7$U8D<$CD?$7?$<?;O?$?OB7:c6$B8;$+V6:BV;8@<?$?>$R;?E$8=<$9=?>$6<6$78$!"#"$!%&'X$?<$CD5=7$8=<$9=?>$?D$7?$OvO?$

2[K$h=EKX$Or.X$l^_[d01$<;8LDE<=:>$L5)K$p:>K2^K$);KX$Rhét.X$&&&X$`X$2Zdl48$]@D;$78$E:;;?E<=:>J0n$&&&X$IX$2ZdZ49$]@D;$78$E78;<6J0n$&&&X$lX$2Zd[48_9$

]@D;$78$E:>G?>8>E?JKIdK$/D=><KX$IOX$&TX$IX$a201$34(8$B7DB8;<$L?@$<V6:;=E=?>@$e$?<$@D;<:D<$7?@$&@:E;8<=CD?@$]maximeque

qui sunt ab IsocrateJ$e$G?D7?><$CD5?77?$]sc.$78$>8;;8<=:>J$@:=<$E78=;?X$9;NG?X$G;8=@?O97897?$]lucidam,

breuem, uerisimilemJ4H$]<;8LDE<=:>$L?$gK$h:D@=>J0n$@D;$758>87c@?$L?$E?@$CD87=<6@X$G:=;$ ibid.X$&TX$IX$a2_m`K$(?$<6O:=R>8R?$L?$/D=><=7=?>$?@<$E:>M;O6$B8;$7?$<;8=<6$L?$75)>:>cO?$L?$%6RD=?;X$Y4ma_2ddK

I2K$"?<<?O?><$=>L=G=LD87=@6?@$L8>@$D>$:DG;8R?$;?x6<8><$78$;V6<:;=CD?$8><6;=?D;?$F$);=@<:<?X$78$Rhétorique à Alexandre$]2Za[$8$Z_942aJX$7?@$CD87=<6@$L?$78$>8;;8<=:>$6<8=?><$8D$>:O9;?$L?$<;:=@$?<$@?$L6E7=>8=?><$?>$E78;<6$]$"8'5%)"JX$E:>E=@=:>$]$&5#0>G"J$?<$G?;<D$B?;@D8@=G?$].)O"5*#E,). )D@@=$ ?@<_=7$ B:@@=97?$ CD?$ 75=>@E;=B<=:>$ L?$ 78$ 9;=NG?<6$ B8;O=$ 7?@$ 34 G?;<D@$ LD$ L=@E:D;@4 H$ ]?+%#"@36*90&J$@<:PE=?>>?@$;6@D7<?$?>$B8;<=?$L?$78$E:>UD@=:>$?<$L?$75=><?;B6>6<;8<=:>$?><;?$G?;<D@$<;8L=-<=:>>?77?@$L?$78$>8;;8<=:>$?<$G?;<D@$LD$@<c7?K

IIK$ 'K)K$ �?>>?LcX$The Art of Persuasion in GreeceX$ W;=>E?<:>X$ W;=>E?<:>$!>=G?;@=<c$ W;?@@X$2^lZI$]2^maJX$BK4I^`X$F$B;:B:@$L?@$%<:PE=?>@01$34<V?c$V8G?$8L:B<?L$+V?:BV;8@<D@5$U:D;<V$G=;<D?X$:;>8O?><8<=:>X$=><:$8$O:;?$8D@<?;?$CD87=<c4HK$#>$;?G8>EV?X$@?7:>$WK$hV=;:>X$L8>@$@:>$:DG;8R?$@D;$Un rhéteur méconnu, op. cit.X$BK42``X$7?@$BV=7:@:BV?@$LD$W:;<=CD?$>?$;?B;?>>?><$B8@$<8><$?>$;687=<6$78$<V6:;=?$L?$+V6:BV;8@<?$B;:B;?O?><$L=<?X$CD=$877=?$8DA$CD87=<6@$>6E?@@8=;?@$LD$@<c7?$D>?$L=O?>@=:>$:;>?O?><87?X$CD?$78$<V6:;=?$8;=@<:<67=E=?>>?$L?@$6/7%=,3?+%#"G$E8B897?@$L?$R8;8><=;$78$U:>E<=:>$L6O:>@<;8<=G?$LD$78>R8R?K$":D@$@:DV8=<?;=:>@$>D8>E?;$E?<<?$8>87c@?X$F$78CD?77?$>:D@$@:D@E;=G:>@$@D;$7?$U:>L01$7?@$%<:PE=?>@X$:D$LD$O:=>@$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?$L8>@$@8$E:L=ME8<=:>$L?$78$<?;O=>:7:R=?$@<c7=@<=CD?$LD$W:;<=CD?X$>5:><$B8@$?><=N;?O?><$>6R7=R6$75:;>?O?><8<=:>X$O8=@$75:><$@D9:;L:>>6?$8DA$?A=R?>E?@$L?$78$E:OOD>=E8<=:>$8D$7=?D$L?$75c$@DB?;B:@?;K

IaK$%D;$7?$U8=<$CD?$7?@$8Lk?E<=U@$1)5)(#('#5K)("1$:96=@@8=?><$F$D>?$7:R=CD?$8;RDO?><8<=G?$G;8=-@?O97897?O?><$B;:B;?$F$h=E6;:>X$G:=;${K{K$|:;<?>98DRVX$34h=E?;:$8@$8$*?B:;<?;$:U$);=@<:<?7=8>$8>L$+V?:BV;8@<?8>$*V?<:;=E87$Q:E<;=>?4HX$RhetoricaX$IaX$Idd`X$BK4al_mZ$]BK4`^_m2JK


@?>@$CD?$E?7D=$CD?$7D=$E:>UN;?$Q=:RN>?K$.;$78$M>$LD$B8@@8R?$L?$75Orator$CD?$>:D@$G?>:>@$L?$E=<?;$@?O97?$E:>M;O?;$7?$B;?O=?;$B:=><X$O8=@$>:>$7?$@?E:>LK$#A8O=>:>@$ 7?$B;?O=?;$ <:D<$L589:;LK$(58Lk?E<=U$uerecundus$?@<$?OB;D><6X$L?$758G?D$OvO?$L?$75:;8<?D;X$F$+V6:BV;8@<?0IZX$<8>L=@$CD?$7?@$?AB;?@@=:>@$quasi ?<$ quodam modo$ <;8LD=@?><$ 9=?>$ 75?O98;;8@$ L?$ h=E6;:>$ F$ ;?>L;?$ ?>$ 78<=>$D>$<?;O?$R;?E$9=?>$E:>>DX$@8>@$L:D<?$D>$<?;O?$U:;O6$@D;$7?$;8L=E87$$!%&bX$6<8><$L:>>6$78$O6<8BV:;?$E=E6;:>=?>>?$L?$78$supellex01$B?D<_v<;?$@58R=<_=7$L?$!"#"$!%&'X$CD?$7?$W6;=B8<6<=E=?>$8D;8=<$7?$B;?O=?;X$L8>@$E?$E8@X$?OB7:c6$?>$D>$@?>@$@<c7=@<=CD?0I`.

h=E6;:>$;?E:D;<$=E=$F$78$O6<8BV:;?$LD$O:9=7=?;X$L?@$U:D;>=<D;?@$@?;G8><$F$ 75?A?;E=E?$L5D>$O6<=?;X$F$ 78$O8>=N;?$L?@$8EE?@@:=;?@$LD$ <V6z<;?$L5:u$ 75:>$<=;?$<:D<$E?$CD=$?@<$>6E?@@8=;?$F$78$O=@?$?>$@EN>?0ImK$(8$supellexX$CD=$<;8LD=;8=<$78$!"#"$!%&'X$@?;8=<$L:>E$B?;sD?$E:OO?$D>?$349:w<?$F$:D<=7@$@<c7=@<=CD?4HK$(56CD=G87?>E?$B:@6?$?><;?$7?$<?;O?$=O8R6$supellex$?<$7?$O:<$<?EV>=CD?$?<$D@D?7$ornatus$]34:;>?O?><4HJ$B?;O?<$F$h=E6;:>$L?$;?@6O8><=@?;$E?$L?;>=?;X$U:;O6$?>$?i?<$@D;$7?$G?;9?$ornareX$L:><$7?$@?>@$B;?O=?;$?@<$E?7D=$L?$34OD>=;4HX$L5348BB8-;?=77?;4H0Il. Ornare nauem$]:D$.60:053!"#"$!%&Kc%)5$?>$R;?EJ$@=R>=M?$<:D<$L589:;L$346CD=B?;$D>$>8G=;?4HK$�$78$O8>=N;?$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'$R;?ECD?X$9z<=?$@D;$ 7?$O:<$$!%U0,0I[$ ?<$ L6@=R>8><$ 78$ 34 B;6B8;8<=:>4 HX$ 34 756CD=B?O?><4 HX$ 78$34E:>@<;DE<=:>4HX$75ornatus$78<=>$;?E:DG;?$7D=$8D@@=$7?$EV8OB$L?$7534:D<=778R?4HX$L?$78$34U:D;>=<D;?4HX$L?$75346CD=B?O?><4HX$F$75:;=R=>?X$8G8><$L5v<;?$8BB7=CD6$

IZK$h=EKX$Fam.X$�T&X$2lX$2X$F$B;:B:@$L5D>?$34O6<8BV:;?X$E:OO?$7?$G?D<$+V6:BV;8@<?X$9=?>-@68><?4H$]ut sit, quo modo Theophrasto placet, uerecunda tralatio).

I`K$hUK$ gK$ %<;:DAX$/(#J%(,9%$51'0# )0$')'0F)1X$ (?=Bt=RX$+?D9>?;X$ 2^2IX$ BK4 alX$ >K4 IK$ W;6E=@:>@$CD5);=@<:<?$ ;?E:>>8w<$ B:D;$ G?;<D$ LD$ L=@E:D;@$ 75:;>?O?><8<=:>X$ CD5=7$ L6@=R>?$ @:D@$ 7?@$ <?;O?@$!%!0$>E>/505F3 47"66K7")$ :D$$%>5*, (Rhét.X$ &&&X$ IX$ 2ZdZ4 9JX$ ;?B;=@$ B8;$ L?@$ <V6:;=E=?>@$ B7D@$<8;L=U@0n$?>$;?G8>EV?X$=7$>5D@?$k8O8=@X$F$>:<;?$E:>>8=@@8>E?X$LD$<?;O?$!"#"$!%&'$8D$@?>@$L5:;>?-O?><8<=:>$@<c7=@<=CD?K

ImK$)K$#;>:D<_)K$\?=77?<X$/0+'0,""50$(#&'>*,6,N0=)(#3(#65#65"N)(#65'0"(@#?01',0$(#3(1#*,'1X$W8;=@X$�7=>Eq@=?EqX$2^`^ZX$s.u.X$BK4mmlX$L:>>?><$8D$<?;O?$supellex$7?$@?>@$L?$34O:9=7=?;4HX$L534D@<?>@=7?@$L?$O6>8R?4H$8D$@?>@$B;:B;?X$?<$L534=>@<;DO?><X$O8<6;=?7X$8BB8;?=74H$8D$MRD;6K$)DED>?$6<cO:7:R=?$E78=;?$>?$7D=$?@<$8<<;=9D6?X$@=$E?$>5?@<$758@@:E=8<=:>$?><;?$super$?<$lectus.

IlK$ (5:;8<?D;$ L?$ @<c7?$ @=OB7?$ L:=<$ ?>$ ?i?<$ @589@<?>=;$ L?$ <:D<?$ 34 :;>?O?><8<=:>$ ]ornatum) @D8G?$?<$89:>L8><?4H$?<$D@?;$8G?E$B8;E=O:>=?$L?@$348EE?@@:=;?@$ ]supellectilisJ$L?$ 7567:CD?>E?4HX$87:;@$OvO?$CD?X$@?7:>$h=E6;:>X$E?<$676O?><$=>E8;>?$78$@?D7?$G6;=<897?$G?;<D$LD$L=@E:D;@X$756E8;<$@=R>=ME8<=U$B8;$ ;8BB:;<$F$ 78$>:;O?X$ 7?$L:O8=>?$:u$ 7?$ <87?><$B?;@:>>?7$ <;:DG?$F$ @?$O8>=U?@<?;K$(56CD=G87?>E?$=>@<8D;6?$B8;$h=E6;:>$?><;?$7?@$<?;O?@$supellex$]:D$!"#"$!%&'J$?<$ornatus$8BB8;8w<$?>E:;?$B7D@$G=G?O?><$8D$L69D<$LD$Y4[d$L?$75OratorX$ 7:;@CD?$758D<?D;$O?><=:>>?$7?@$8EE?@@:=;?@$(supellexJ$:;8<:=;?@$CD=$E:>@=@<?><$L8>@$7?@$:;>?O?><@$]ornamentisJ$L?$B?>@6?$:D$L?$O:<@0n$BD=@$=7$6G:CD?$@8>@$8O98R?@$75:;>?O?><8<=:>$]ornatusJ$L?@$O:<@X$E:OO?$@=$<:D@$E?@$<?;O?@$6<8=?><$F$@?@$c?DA$L?$@=OB7?@$@c>:>cO?@K

I[K$%?7:>$WK$hV8><;8=>?X$/0+'0,""50$(#&'>*,6,N0=)(#3(#65#65"N)(#N$(+=)(@#?01',0$(#3(1#*,'1X$W8;=@X$�7=>Eq@=?EqX$2^m[X$G:7K4&&X$BK42d2`X$7?$O:<$$!%U0,$@=R>=M?$34;6E=B=?><X$D@<?>@=7?4H0n$B7D@$D@=<6$8D$B7D;=?7X$=7$L6@=R>?$L?@$D@<?>@=7?@$L?$<:D<?@$@:;<?@$L?@<=>6@$F$78$O8=@:>X$F$78$ED7<D;?X$F$78$>8G=R8<=:>X$8DA$98R8R?@X$F$756CD=B?O?><$?>$R6>6;87K


F$75:;>?O?><8<=:>X$>:<8OO?><$?>$O8<=N;?$:;8<:=;?0I^K$Q?$B7D@X$7?$G?;9?$orno 6<8=<$F$75:;=R=>?$7=6$F$75ordoX$L?$OvO?$CD?$78$!"#"$!%&'$?><;?<=?><$L?@$8j->=<6@$8G?E$78$>:<=:>$L5:;L;?X$#K7),X$E:OO?$>:D@$7?$G?;;:>@$B7D@$7:=>0adK$W:D;$8D<8><X$O87R;6$7?$;8BB;:EV?O?><$6<cO:7:R=CD?X$7?@$%<:PE=?>@$>5?>G=@8R?8=?><$B8@$78$G?;<D$@<c7=@<=CD?$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'$E:OO?$D>$@c>:>cO?$L?$75ornatus ;V6<:;=CD?$<?7$CD?$7?$E:>s:=<$h=E6;:>01$EV?t$?DAX$>D77?$B78E?$B:D;$L?@$:;>?-O?><@$@D;8k:D<6@X$ED7<=G6@$E:OO?$D>?$M>$?>$@:=0n$@?D7@$@:><$8LO=@$7?@$B;:-E6L6@$?@<V6<=CD?@$CD=$;6B:>L?><$F$D>$;8BB:;<$L?$E:>G?>8>E?$8G?E$7?$<VNO?$89:;L6$B8;$75:;8<?D;K

)D@@=$Q=:RN>?X$?>$6789:;8><$D>?$<V6:;=?$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'X$>58_<_=7$>D7-7?O?><$ ;?>:>E6$ 8DA$ ?A=R?>E?@$ L5D>$ @<c7?$ @=OB7?$ G:=;?$ E:>E=@X$ O8=@$ =7$ 8$E:>U6;6$F$E?<<?$ @:9;=6<6$D>?$E?;<8=>?$676R8>E?$CD=$L:=<$8EE:OB8R>?;$ <:D<$9:>$L=@E:D;@X$8D$OvO?$<=<;?$CD?$7?@$CD8<;?$8D<;?@$G?;<D@$@<c7=@<=CD?@K$#77?$>?$@8D;8=<$@5?>$L6@:7=L8;=@?;X$B8@$B7D@$CD?$7?@$CD8<;?$G?;<D@$U:>L8O?><87?@$L?$756<V=CD?$@<:PE=?>>?$e$kD@<=E?X$E:D;8R?X$B;DL?>E?X$<?OB6;8>E?$e$D>=?@$B8;$75?5#"!060&OG"$>?$@:><$L=@@:E=897?@K$�$75=>G?;@?X$h=E6;:>$?AE7D<$LD$genus

tenueX$B;:EV?$L?$E?7D=$CD?$B;8<=CD?><$7?@$:;8<?D;@$LD$W:;<=CD?X$78$!"#"$!%&' E:>sD?$F$ 78$O8>=N;?$L?$+V6:BV;8@<?0a2X$BD=@CD?$E?77?_E=$ U8=<$MRD;?$L5:;>?-O?><8<=:>$8O:G=97?X$L=@<=>E<?$L?@$CD87=<6@$=>L=@B?>@897?@$CD?$@:><$78$E:;-;?E<=:>X$78$E78;<6$?<$7?$E:>G?>897?K$T:=7F$CD=$L?G;8=<$@Dj;?$F$=>L=CD?;$CD?$B:D;$E?@$BV=7:@:BV?@X$7?$<?;O?$L?$!"#"$!%&'$>?$;?E:DG;?$B8@$LD$<:D<$7?@$OvO?@$;687=<6@$@<c7=@<=CD?@K

h?<<?$ 8>87c@?$ >:D@$ @?O97?$ 8BBDc6?$ B8;$ D>$ B8@@8R?$ B:76O=CD?$ L?$WV=7:LNO?$L?$'8L8;8$F$75?>E:><;?$L?$78$L:E<;=>?$@<c7=@<=CD?$L?$BV=7:@:BV?@$CD?$ *K$ *?=<t?>@<?=>$ 8$ G:D7D$ =L?><=M?;$ 8G?E$ 7?@$ %<:PE=?>@X$ B8;<=@8>@$ L?$ 78$!"#"$!%&'0aI0n$ =7$ >:D@$ @?O97?$ 8D$ E:><;8=;?$ CD?$ L8>@$ 7?$ B8@@8R?$ CD?$ >:D@$877:>@$ ?A8O=>?;X$ 75,B=ED;=?>$ =>E;=O=>?$ 78$ L:E<;=>?$ LD$ (cE6?X$ >:>$ E?77?$ LD$W:;<=CD?K

%8>@$ E=<?;$ >:OO6O?><$ @?@$ 8LG?;@8=;?@X$ =7$ 7?@$ 8<<8CD?$ 8D$ 7=G;?$ &T$ L?$@8$ Rhétorique$ B:D;$ 8G:=;$ L=@<=>RD6$ L?DA$ <cB?@$ L?$ L=@E:D;@$ L=i6;?><@01$

I^K$%8>@$L:D<?$U8D<_=7$G:=;$7F$75:;=R=>?$L?$78$O6<8BV:;?$M76?$LD$/(#B$5',$(X$&X$2m2_2m`$8D<:D;$LD$@?>@$O8<6;=?7$:D$;V6<:;=CD?$L?@$ornamentaX$@?7:>$D>?$E:>UD@=:>$?><;?<?>D?$B8;$78$@c>:>cO=?$CD56<897=<$=OB7=E=<?O?><$%E8?G:78$?><;?$7?@$ornamenta$]8D$@?>@$L5:;>?O?><@$:;8<:=;?@J$?<$7?@$su-

pellectilesX$CD=$L6@=R>?><$8D$B;:B;?$E:OO?$8D$MRD;6$7?$O:9=7=?;$:D$7?$98R8R?K$)D$@?>@$B;?O=?;$L5346CD=B?O?><4H$?<$L5348O?D97?O?><4H$@?$@DB?;B:@?$L:>E$E?7D=$L?$75:;>?O?><$?<$L?$78$B8;D;?K$":<:>@$?>M>$CD5F$75=@@D?$L?$75?AB:@6$L?$W=@:>$@D;$78$B?>@6?$6<V=CD?$LD$(cE6?$8D$7=G;?$T$LD$/(#FinibusX$/D=><D@X$7?$U;N;?$L?$h=E6;:>X$E67N9;?$7?$34O:9=7=?;4H$]supellectilemJ$L?$78$BV=7:@:BV=?$B6-;=B8<6<=E=?>>?X$75?@<=O8><$B7D@$B;6E=?DA$CD?$7?@$L:O8=>?@$L?$<:D<?@$7?@$8D<;?@$L:E<;=>?@$]Y4^mJK$.;$=7$@58R=<$EV?t$h=E6;:>$L?$78$@?D7?$:EED;;?>E?$L?$E?$<?;O?$?>$7=?>$8G?E$D>?$6E:7?$B8;<=ED7=N;?X$E?$CD=$B:D;;8=<$E:>@<=<D?;$D>$L=@E;?<$=>L=E?$L?$75:;=R=>?$B6;=B8<6<=E=?>>?$LD$O:<$R;?E$CD?$<;8LD=<$supellexX$F$@8G:=;$!"#"$!%&'.

adK$T:=;$)K$#;>:D<_)K$\?=77?<X$/0+'0,""50$(#&'>*,6,N0=)(X op. cit.X$s.u.X$BK4Zm[_Zm^Ka2K$h=EKX$Or.X$l^KaIK$*K$*?=<t?>@<?=>X$34%E=B=:$)?O=7=8>D@$D>L$L=?$@<:=@EV?$*V?<:;=q4HX$Strassburger Festschrift zur

XLVI Versammlung deutscher PhilologenX$%<;8@9:D;RX$2^d2X$BK42Za_2mI$]=E=X$BK42Z`_2ZmJK


7?$ .K5(E>0,3 6*90,$ e$ L=@E:D;@$ E:OOD>$ F$ <:D<$ 7?$ B?DB7?X$ GD7R8=;?$ e$ ?<$7549!"#K$!%&0,3 6*90,X$ 7?$ L=@E:D;@$ L=@B:@6$ 8G?E$ 8;<X$ <;8G8=776$ 8G?E$ @:=>X$CD5=7@$8BB?77?><$8D@@=$8)60!"#K$!%&0,36*90,K$h?$L?;>=?;$@?$L=G=@?$?>$<;:=@$?@BNE?@$ ]%d(EJX$ F$ @8G:=;$ 7?$ <;:B?$ ]#+*.0,JX$ 78$ MRD;?$ ]$M]>"J$ ?<$ 78$ U:;O?$(.6K$>"JK$(?$#+*.0,$ ;?R;:DB?$ 78$O6<8BV:;?X$ 758776R:;=?$?<$ 7?@$ <:D;@$ @?O-97897?@X$7?$$M]>"X$78$E:OB:@=<=:>$?>$B6;=:L?@X$O?O9;?@$?<$=>E=@?@0n$CD8><$8D$.6K$>"X$=7$?>R7:9?$78$34G=RD?D;$L5?AB;?@@=:>4H$]e(+*#E,J$:D$78$34@=OB7=E=<64H$(<$M5*#E,JX$7?$34kD@<?$O=7=?D4H$]>%$*#E,J$:D$7534676R8>E?4H$]96"8&+*#E,)0aa. .;$78$<?;O=>:7:R=?$=>E;=O=>6?X$@D;<:D<$@=$75:>$@:>R?$F$78$>%$*#E,X$6G:CD?$7?$(cE6?X$>:>$7?$W:;<=CD?0aZK$#>$:D<;?X$78$E;=<=CD?$B;=>E=B87?$L?$WV=7:LNO?$?@<$L=;=R6?$E:><;?$78$B?>@6?_BV8;?$L?$@?@$8LG?;@8=;?@X$F$@8G:=;$CD?

!"6;53 473 ?5K9!E,3 f.;3 .K5#=53 f.06">YK5%$O")3 #;3 #253.K5(E>0536/7)534!Y%YE!;,3!"@3#T3.6K$>"#"3!"@3#T3$M'>"#"3!"@3#0g,3#+*.0&,3?5#h3<()=#)!Z5.

<:D@$L:=G?><$>6E?@@8=;?O?><$E:>@=L6;?;$E:OO?$9?8D$E?$CD=$@567NG?$8D_L?@@D@$L?$75?AB;?@@=:>$B:BD78=;?X$8=>@=$CD?$7?@$O:L?78R?@$@<c7=@-<=CD?@X$7?@$MRD;?@$?<$7?@$<;:B?@X$8D$7=?D$L?@$<:D;@$<;=G=8DAK0a`

%=$78$U:;OD78<=:>$OvO?$L?$E?<<?$BV;8@?$U8=<$6EV:$F$78$L6M>=<=:>$@<:PE=?>>?$L?$ 756789:;8<=:>$ E:OO?$ 34 75?AB;?@@=:>$ CD=$ E:>@=@<?$ F$ 6G=<?;$ 78$ <;=G=87=<64 H$(1"#"$!%&23 (/3 4$#)53 6/7),3 4!.%8%&9&:"3 #;53 <()=#)$>*5J$ e$ 7?$ B8;<=E=B?$4!Y%YE!;,$6G:CD?$7?$G?;9?$4!.%8%&9&:"X$78$.K5(E>0,36/7),$U8=<$B?>L8><$F$75<()=#)$>*,X$CD=$8BB8;8w<$?>@D=<?$@:D@$78$U:;O?$<()=#)!Z5$eX$@D;$7?$U:>LX$758B:7:R=?$L?$ 758;<$ ?<$L?$ 758;<=ME=87=<6$ E:><;?$ 7?$ @<c7?$B:BD78=;?$L?@$ @=OB7?@$B8;<=ED7=?;@X$ =>@Dj@8OO?><$ B:D;GD$ L?$ MRD;?@0amX$ E:><;?G=?><$ F$ 75?@B;=<$ LD$W:;<=CD?K$ (?@$ %<:PE=?>@$ 8i?E<=:>>?><$ D>?$ ?AB;?@@=:>$ @=OB7?X$ L6B:D=776?X$34>8<D;?77?4HX$L6B:D;GD?$L58;<=ME?X$?<$8D$;=@CD?$L5?>E:D;=;$7?@$;8=77?;=?@$L?@$)E8L6O=E=?>@$h=E6;:>$:D$W7D<8;CD?X$=7@$BD=@?><$@:DG?><$8DB;N@$L?@$R?>@$LD$34B?DB7?4H$]L:><$7?$78>R8R?$?@<$G=@6$B8;$758Lk?E<=U$.K5(E>0,J$L?@$8;RDO?><@$

aaK$WV=7:LKX$RhétX$&T$bX$2?($+@42ddl�2mla$]&X$BK42mZX$^_2m`X$`$%DLV8D@JK$":D@$8G:>@$;?B;=@$78$<;8LDE<=:>$L?$WK$hV=;:>$L8>@$@:>$:DG;8R?$@D;$Un rhéteur méconnu, op. cit.X$BK4all0n$>:D@$8G:>@$6R87?O?><$8L:B<6$@8$7?E<D;?$L?$>%[$*]#E[#]"$8D$7=?D$LD$>[/9%O0,�$B;:B:@6$B8;$%DLV8D@$]ibid.X$BK4aml_am^X$:u$758D<?D;$8LO?<$CD5=7$BD=@@?$c$8G:=;$D>?$;6U6;?>E?$F$Q6O6<;=:@$L8>@$E?$B8@@8R?$L?$WV=7:LNO?X$:D$LD$O:=>@$F$D>?$8>87c@?$LD$@<c7?$?>$CD8<;?$U:;O?@$L=i6;?><?@JK

aZK$\vO?$@=$7?$O:<$.6K$>"$?@<$@8>@$L:D<?$L5:;=R=>?$@<:PE=?>>?01$G:=;$ibid.X$BK4adl$?<$am^K$/D8><$8D$<?;O?$<?EV>=CD?$96"8&+*#E,X$=7$=><?;G=?><$;8;?O?><$EV?t$Q6O6<;=:@$CD:=CD5=7$L:>>?$@:>$>:O$F$75D>$L?@$CD8<;?$@<c7?@$=L?><=M6@$B8;$7?$;V6<?D;X$<:D<$?>$34@=R>8><4HX$@?7:>$WK$hV=;:>X$7?@$B8;<=?@$7?@$B7D@$B?;@:>>?77?@$LD$EV8B=<;?$&&$L?$@:>$<;8=<6$/)#1'>6( (ibid.X$BK4I[aJK

a`K$WV=7:LKX$Rhét.X$&X$BK42mmX$2_m$%DLV8D@KamK$Ibid.X$&X$BK42mZ$%DLV8D@X$2a_2`01$34@=$75?AB;?@@=:>$>58$B8@$6<6$@Dj@8OO?><$L:<6?$L?$MRD;?@$

B:D;$78$L=@<=>RD?;$LD$78>R8R?$B:BD78=;?4H$]%<3>'#h34$ME>K[#�)$#]"[)3i!]"5[Z,] 8[+�"��$�)],34!3#],3."5([']>[0]&).


F$758BBD=$L?$7?D;@$<VN@?@$:D$L?$7?D;@$;?EV?;EV?@$6<cO:7:R=CD?@X$?>$8j;O8><$U8=;?$8BB?7$8DA$>:<=:>@$E:OOD>?@$B;6@?><?@$?>$EV8ED>0al.

/D8><$F$75=OB:;<8>E?$L?@$MRD;?@$L8>@$78$L:E<;=>?$;V6<:;=CD?$LD$W:;<=CD?X$?77?$L:=<$v<;?$@:=R>?D@?O?><$6G87D6?K$.>$>?$@8D;8=<$B;?>L;?$B:D;$B:=><$L?$L6B8;<$ 7?$ U8=<$ CD?$ 78$L=@<=>E<=:>$ ?><;?$6/7),$ ?<$6*90,$ ?@<$ 78;R?O?><$L6G?-7:BB6?$EV?t$7?@$%<:PE=?>@$?<$CD?$7?@$U:;OD7?@$$M'>"#"36/7%=,$?<$$M'>"#"36*90&$8BB8;8=@@?><$L8>@$E?;<8=>@$<?A<?@$@D;$7?@$MRD;?@X$:D$?>E:;?$L8>@$7?$/(#/056(+'0+5$L5)DRD@<=>0a[X$B:D;$?>$L6LD=;?$CD?$E?@$BV=7:@:BV?@$@?;8=?><$F$75:;=-R=>?$L5D>?$<V6:;=?$L?@$MRD;?@$L=@<=>RD8><$7?@$MRD;?@$B;:B;?O?><$L=<?@X$;?7?-G8><$L?$756>:>E6$]$M'>"#"36*90&JX$?<$7?@$MRD;?@$;?7?G8><$@B6E=MCD?O?><$LD$O:<$]$M'>"#"36/7%=,JX$8BB?76?@$B8;$8=77?D;@$<;:B?@$]#+*.0)JK$(F$>5?@<$B8@$78$98@?$L?$75:BB:@=<=:>$CD?$75:>$:9@?;G?$EV?t$7?@$8;<=R;8BV?@$78<=>@$?><;?$MRD;?@$?<$ <;:B?@0a^X$ 8=>@=$ CD?$ 758$ U:;<$ kD@<?O?><$ @:D7=R>6$\8;E$ b8;8<=>X$ L:><$ >:D@$;?B;?>:>@$=E=$7?@$E:>E7D@=:>@01$348k:D<:>@$?>M>$CD?$75:BB:@=<=:>$@<:PE=?>>?$L?$78$6/7),$?<$LD$6*90,$>5?@<$B8@$E?77?$LD$O:<$?<$L?$756>:>E6X$E?$CD=$@Dj<$F$;D=->?;$B8;$@8$98@?$OvO?$78$;?E:>@<;DE<=:>$L5D>?$<V6:;=?$@<:PE=?>>?$L?@$MRD;?@$CD=$@?;8=<$U:>L6?$@D;$75:BB:@=<=:>$L?@$MRD;?@$LD$O:<$:D$$M'>"#"36/7%=,$?<$L?@$MRD;?@$L?$756>:>E6$:D$$M'>"#"36*90&H3j0Zd

)D@@=$78$L=@<=>E<=:>$6789:;6?$B8;$WV=7:LNO?$?><;?$.6K$>"#"F3$M'>"#" ?<$ #+*.0)$ >5?@<_?77?$ B8@$ L5:;=R=>?$ @<:PE=?>>?X$ B8@$ B7D@$ CD?$ 78$ <;=G=87=<6$(<()=#)$>*,J$ 98>>=?$ B8;$ 78$ !"#"$!%&'$ >?$ L:=<$ @5?><?>L;?$ E:OO?$ D>?$89@?>E?$L?$MRD;?@K$h?$>5?@<$L:>E$B8@$F$E?<<?$G?;<D$@<c7=@<=CD?X$CD58G8=<$<V6:-;=@6?$@:>$8LG?;@8=;?$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?$D>$@=NE7?$B7D@$<�<X$CD?$U8=<$877D-@=:>$75,B=ED;=?>$L8>@$>:<;?$<?A<?X$O8=@$F$D>?$L:E<;=>?$B6;=B8<6<=E=?>>?$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'$]8D$@?>@$L534:;>?O?><8<=:>4H$CD?$7D=$E:>U6;8=<$+V6:BV;8@<?X$?<$CD?$;?B;?>L$F$B7D@=?D;@$;?B;=@?@$WV=7:LNO?$8D$E:D;@$L?$78$Rhétorique0Z2JK$&7$?@<$U:;<$B;:9897?$CD58=<$?A=@<6$B8;877N7?O?><$F$78$<;8L=<=:>$;V6<:;=CD?$@<:PE=?>>?$D>$M7:>$B6;=B8<6<=E=?>$CD=$8G8=<$?AB7:=<6$E?$E:>E?B<$?>$D>$@?>@$>?<<?O?><$:;8<:=;?$?<$E?X$LN@$7?$L=@E=B7?$L5);=@<:<?$B?D<_v<;?K

*6@DO:>@_>:D@01$L:<6?$L5:;=R=>?@$O8<6;=?77?@$?<$?AB;?@@=G?@X$78$!"#"$!%&' UD<$@8>@$L:D<?$7?$<?;O?$?OB7:c6$B8;$+V6:BV;8@<?$B:D;$L6@=R>?;$@8$CD8<;=NO?$G?;<D$@<c7=@<=CD?X$@8>@$CD:=$75:>$>?$E:OB;?>L;8=<$B8@$CD?$h=E6;:>$8BB7=CD?$8G?E$<8><$L5=>@=@<8>E?$F$E?77?_E=$78$O6<8BV:;?$L?@$8EE?@@:=;?@$L?$7567:CD?>E?$(oratori[a] quasi supelle[x�JK$ &7$>5?@<$B8@$ =OB:@@=97?$?>$ ;?G8>EV?$CD?$E?$>?$@:=<$B8@$8D$W6;=B8<6<=E=?>$CD5=7$8=<$?OB;D><6$75=L6?$L?$E?$k?D$6<cO:7:R=CD?X$

alK$W7D<8;CD?X$St. Rep.X passim0n EUK$h=EKX$O/X$&&&X$2I_2aX$:u$7?$%<:PE=?>$b879D@$E:O98<$75)E8L6-O=E=?>$h:<<8$F$E:DB$>:>$L?$;8=@:>>?O?><@$]rationesJX$O8=@$L?$;8E:><8;@$]rumoribusJ$E:7B:;<6@$B8;$7?$B?DB7?$?<$L?$E:><?@$L?$G=?=77?@$U?OO?@$]fabellas aniles).

a[K$T:=;$EV8B=<;?$�$=><=<D76$Ambiguitas ex aequiuocis uaria.a^K$\K$b8;8<=>X$La naissance de la syntaxe à RomeX$W8;=@X$,L=<=:>@$L?$\=>D=<X$2^[^X$BK4I^lKZdK$Ibid.X$BK4I^[KZ2K$T:=;$B8;$?A?OB7?$WV=7:LNO?X$Rhét.X$&X$BK42mIX$Z$%DLV8D@0n$&X$BK42m`X$2l_2[0n$&&X$BK4IZmX$

2`_2m0n$&&X$BK4IZlX$ZK


8D$B8;UDO$U:;<$@<:PE=?>0ZIX$O8=@$F$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?X$CD=$8D;8=<$;?B;=@$F$+V6:BV;8@<?$7?$<?;O?$L?$!"#"$!%&'$>:>$@8>@$?>$G=G=M?;$?<$?>$<;8>@U:;O?;$7?$ @?>@0ZaK$#>$?i?<X$ @=$>:D@$?>$G?>:>@$F$ 78$ @?E:>L?$?A=R?>E?$6G:CD6?$B7D@$V8D<$8M>$L58@@D;?;$D>?$B8;U8=<?$E:P>E=L?>E?$?><;?$78$CD8<;=NO?$G?;<D$<V6:-BV;8@<=?>>?$?<$78$E=>CD=NO?$G?;<D$L=:R6>=?>>?X$78$!"#"$!%&'$;?E:DG;?$EV?t$7?$W6;=B8<6<=E=?>$7?$L:O8=>?$LD$!*$>0,X$L?$75:;>?O?><8<=:>$BD;?$?<$@=OB7?$]34@D8G?$?<$89:>L8><?4HX$B:D;$;?B;?>L;?$78$U:;OD78<=:>$L?$75OratorJX$<8>L=@$CD?$EV?t$7?$%<:PE=?>X$?77?$>?$@8D;8=<$@?$<;8LD=;?$8=>@=$@8>@$>D8>E?@X$E:OO?$?>$<6O:=R>?$@8$L6M>=<=:>$U:;<$;?@<;=E<=G?X$@D;$78CD?77?$=7$E:>G=?><$L?$@58;;v<?;$F$B;6@?><K$Q?$B;=O?$89:;LX$?77?$@D;B;?>L$B8;$@:>$O=>=O87=@O?$?<$@5:BN;?X$L?$U8s:>$@=R>=ME8<=G?X$B8;$78$>6R8<=G?01

!"#"$!%&23(/34$#)536/7),34!.%8%&9&:"3#;53<()=#)$>*5.

756789:;8<=:>$?@<$75?AB;?@@=:>$CD=$E:>@=@<?$F$6G=<?;$78$<;=G=87=<6K0ZZ

.>$E:OB;?>L$CD5?77?$8=<$E:>LD=<$F$L?@$E:>@<8<@$@6GN;?@$<?7@$CD?$E?7D=$L?$WK$hV=;:>01$34#>$<V6:;=?X$=7$>?$L?G;8=<$B8@$c$8G:=;$L?$;V6<:;=CD?$@<:PE=?>>?K$(?@$B;?O=?;@$@<:PE=?>@$B;:U?@@8=?><X$L8>@$7?$L:O8=>?$LD$@<c7?X$D>?$�>:>_L:E-<;=>?�$<;N@$8D@<N;?X$U8=<?$L?$>6R7=R?>E?$G:7:><8=;?$?<$L?$@6G6;=<6$8;EV8P@8><?$}~�4 H0Z`K$ &7$ @?O97?$ ?i?E<=G?O?><$CD?$ @?$ ;?E:OO8>L?;$L?$�6>:>$>5=>E=<8=<$E?;<?@$RDN;?$F$ED7<=G?;$7?$<;8G8=7$LD$@<c7?X$?>$;8=@:>$L?$@:>$R:�<$?AE?@@=U$B:D;$78$ E:>E=@=:>$ 8DA$ L6B?>@$ L?$ 75:;>?O?><8<=:>$ ;V6<:;=CD?X$ :D$ ?>E:;?$ L?$ @:>$

ZIK$":D@$8G:>@$=>L=CD6$B7D@$V8D<$CD?$78$O6<8BV:;?$L?$78$supellex$?>$E:><?A<?$:;8<:=;?$MRD-;8=<$LN@$7?$/(#B$5',$(X$&X$2m`X$L8>@$78$9:DEV?$L5D>$B?;@:>>8R?$CD=$?><;?<?>8=<$L?@$7=?>@$8G?E$L?@$BV=7:@:BV?@$@<:PE=?>@$<?7@$CD?$b7:@@=D@$L?$hDO?@$:D$W8>6<=D@$L?$*V:L?@X$?<$O8>=8=<$G:7:><=?;@X$F$E?$<=<;?X$7?@$6<cO:7:R=?@01$=7$@58R=<$L?$%E8?G:78$75)DRD;?K

ZaK$)D@@=$@:OO?@_>:D@$?>$L6@8EE:;L$8G?E$|K$%<;=77?;$]/(#H',0+,$)*#1')3001#$%(',$0+01X$b;?@78D?;$BV=7:7:R=@EV?$)9V8>L7D>R?>X$ &X$b;?@78DX$2[[mX$BK4ÌJ$@D;$ 75?><=N;?$ =>>:G8<=:>$L?@$%<:PE=?>@$?>$O8<=N;?$L?$!"#"$!%&'K$(8$E:>E=@=:>$]$&5#0>G"J$?@<$78$@?D7?$G?;<D$<:D<$F$U8=<$>?DG?$CD5=7@$8k:D<?><$F$ D>?$ 7=@<?$ E8>:>=CD?X$OvO?$ @5=7$ @58R=<$ L5D>?$ G?;<D$ 8<<=CD?$ <;8L=<=:>>?77?$ L8>@$ 7?$ E8L;?$ L?$ 78$>8;;8<=:>K$(8$!"#"$!%&'$?>$;?G8>EV?X$8B;N@$CD?$Q=:RN>?$75?D<$<V6:;=@6?$L?$U8s:>$@=$@=>RD7=N;?X$E:>>D<$D>$=>x6EV=@@?O?><$@6O8><=CD?$?<$;?B;=<$>:<8OO?><$758EE?B<=:>$L534:;>?O?><8<=:>4H$L:><$758G8=<$ L:<6?$ +V6:BV;8@<?K$ )=>@=X$ EV?t$Q?>c@$ L5-87=E8;>8@@?X$ 7?$O:<$!"#"$!%&'$ =><?;G=?><$ L?$U8s:>$;6ED;;?><?$?<$@=R>=M?$<8><�<$78$O=@?$?>$�DG;?$LD$@<c7?$?>$R6>6;87$]Isocr.X$IX$lJX$CD=$B?D<$v<;?$B:6<=CD?$]Lys.X$aX$I_m0n$/MPX$2X$2aJ$:D$GD7R8=;?$]Lys.X$aX$Z0n$/&*@X$`lX$aJX$<8><�<$78$E:>@<;DE<=:>$(/MPX$2mX$m_2IJX$<8><�<$75:;>?O?><$8k:D<6$]/&*@X$`X$a0n$2aX$`0n$IaX$ZJ$:D$7?$@<c7?$:;>6K$1"#"$!%&' L?G=?><$87:;@$D>$@c>:>cO?$L?$!*$>0,$?<$@5?><?>L$L?$O8>=N;?$B7?=>?O?><$B:@=<=G?X$>:>$E:OO?$D>$@=OB7?$;?k?<$L?$<:D<?$<;=G=87=<6K$W:D;$<:D<?@$7?@$:EED;;?>E?@$L?$E?$O:<$EV?t$Q?>c@X$:>$@?$;?B:;<?;8$8D$7?A=CD?$;6L=R6$B8;$'K$)Dk8EX$BK4Ia[$L?$@:>$6L=<=:>$LD$<:O?$T$L?@$Opuscules rhétoriques$8DA$b?77?@$(?<<;?@0n$G:=;$?>E:;?$hK$b;8>L@<8?<<?;X$/(#),+01 !"#"$!%&' 59)3#/0,">10)*#?560+5$"511("-sem ceterosque rhetores usu, in$)8K$TGKX$Q$0(+%01+%(#H')30("#?($*5""#;0910)1#R)*#1(+%R0N1'("#Q(F)$'1-tag dargebrachtX$(?=Bt=RX$+?D9>?;X$2[^ZX$BK42à_2`mK

ZZK$Q(X$T&&X$`^X$loc. cit.

Z`K$WK$hV=;:>X$Un rhéteur méconnu, op. cit.X$BK4aamK$#>$;687=<6X$E5?@<$B;6E=@6O?><$78$<V6:;=?X$8D<;?O?><$L=<$78$E:V6;?>E?$@c@<6O8<=CD?$L?$78$B?>@6?$LD$W:;<=CD?X$CD=$G?D<$CD5=7$c$8=<$D>?$;V6-<:;=CD?$@<:PE=?>>?K


=>L=i6;?>E?$F$756R8;L$L?@$@:76E=@O?@$?<$98;98;=@O?@$L:><$7D=$?<$@?@$@DEE?@-@?D;@X$?>$7?D;$CD87=<6$L56<;8>R?;@X$6O8=778=?><$7?D;@$L=@E:D;@$<:D<$?>$E:>@?=7-78><$F$7?D;@$8DL=<?D;@$L?$>5c$B;v<?;$8DED>?$8<<?><=:>$BD=@CD?$7?$U:>L$B;=O8=<$<:Dk:D;@$@D;$78$U:;O?0Zm.

#>$<V6:;=?$B:D;<8><X$7?$@<:PE=@O?$>?$L6L8=R>?$B8@$CD?$7?$L=@E:D;@$:;8<:=;?$@?$ B;6@?><?$ @:D@$ D>?$ U:;O?$ 7=<<6;8=;?O?><$ @:=R>6?X$ CD=$ U8E=7=<?$ 78$ E:OB;6-V?>@=:>$L?$758;RDO?><8<=:>01$hV;c@=BB?$7D=_OvO?$>58LO?<_=7$B8@$75?OB7:=$L?$MRD;?@$L?$@<c7?$L8>@$@?@$L=@E:D;@X$8DA$L=;?@$L?$|;:><:>0Zl0�$"?$L6M>=<_=7$B8@$B7D@$78;R?O?><$78$;V6<:;=CD?$E:OO?$34758;<$CD=$@5:EEDB?$L?$75:;>?O?><8<=:>$(!*$>0,J$ LD$ L=@E:D;@$ E:><=>D$ ?<$ L?$ @:>$ :;L;?4 H0Z[0�$ (8$ G?;<D$OvO?$ L?$ 78$E:>G?>8>E?$].+/.05JX$34?AB;?@@=:>$CD=$E:>@=@<?$F$8BB;:B;=?;$@:>$B;:B:@$8D$@Dk?<$]6/7),30<!%G"3#W3.+K9>"#)J4H0Z^X$>?$B?;O?<_?77?$B8@$8D$@<c7?$L?$@567?G?;$F$78$V8D<?D;$LD$@Dk?<$<;8=<6X$L?$@:;<?$CD?$>:97?@@?$L?$B?>@6?$?<$>:97?@@?$L?$B8;:7?$@?$;6B:>L?><0�$h:OO?><$L8>@$E?@$E:>L=<=:>@$E:>E?G:=;$D>?$67:CD?>E?$CD=$>58EE:;L?;8=<$E:OO?$O8;R?$L?$O8>�DG;?$@<c7=@<=CD?$F$75:;8<?D;$CD?$7?$;?k?<$L?$<:D<?$<;=G=87=<60�

IKy)>87c@?$L?$75<()=#)$>*,

W?D<_v<;?$D>?$8>87c@?$L?$75<()=#)$>*,$CD?$L:=<$6G=<?;$756789:;8<=:>$B?;-O?<<;8_<_?77?$L?$O=?DA$E:OB;?>L;?$7?@$?>k?DA$L?$E?<<?$@D;B;?>8><?$>:<=:>0`d. h?$ O:<$ L6@=R>?_<_=7$ L?@$ GD7R8;=@O?@X$ L?@$ ?AB;?@@=:>@$ <:D<$ @=OB7?O?><$98>87?@0�$);=@<:<?$E;=<=CD8=<$B8;$?A?OB7?$7?$@<c7?$98@$?<$B78<$]6/7),3#".%)5') CD=$<:O98=<$L8>@$ 78$98>87=<6$]#;3<()=#)!*5J$e$B;:B;?$8D$@=OB7?$B8;<=ED7=?;$(<()a#E,J$ e$ B:D;$ 8G:=;$ ;?E:D;D$ <;:B$ ?AE7D@=G?O?><$ 8DA$ 34O:<@$ E:D;8><@4 H$(!R+)"3k5*>"#")0`2K$#>$?i?<X$@?7:>$7D=X

ZmK$Q(X$T&&X$2[$]r$SVFX$&X$[2J0n$W7D<KX$St. Rep.X$��T&&&X$2dZl49$]r$SVFX$&&X$I^[$r$LS4a24-JKZlK$|;:><:>X$/(#S6,=)("'05X$&&X$2Z$]r$SVFX$&&X$IlJK$.>$;?7NG?$F$E?$B;:B:@$CD?$78$E=>CD=NO?$

G?;<D$@<c7=@<=CD?$<V6:;=@6?$B8;$Q=:RN>?$?@<$9?7$?<$9=?>$@=>RD7=N;?X$BD=@CD?$@:>$O8w<;?$hV;c@=BB?$D<=7=@8=<$7?$<?;O?$E78@@=CD?$L?$!*$>0,$]?OB7:c6$B8;$W78<:>$BD=@$);=@<:<?J$B:D;$U8=;?$;6U6;?>E?$F$75:;>?O?><8<=:>$LD$L=@E:D;@K

Z[K$W7D<KX$St. Rep.X$��T&&&X$2dZl48$]r$SVFX$&&X$I^l$r$LS4a24-J01$<;8LDE<=:>$L?$QK$b89D<KZ^K$Q(X$T&&X$`^$]r$SVFX$&&&$Q=:RK4IZJK`dK$(5:BB:@=<=:>$?><;?$<()=#)$>*,$?<$!"#"$!%&'$L?G=><$@8>@$L:D<?$;8B=L?O?><$D>$topos$8B;N@$

Q=:RN>?$ L?$ b89c7:>=?X$ 8D$ B:=><$ CD?$ 7?$ B;?O=?;$ L?G=><$ 758><:>cO?$ E:><?A<D?7$ LD$ @?E:>L01$ ?>$@:OO?X$75D>$6<8=<$8@@:E=6$F$75=OB;6B8;8<=:>X$758D<;?$8D$E:><;8=;?X$F$756789:;8<=:>K$hV?t$7?$W@?D-L:_Q6O6<;=:@X$78$!"#"$!%&'$@?$;8>R?$LD$E�<6$L?$78$R;8>L?D;$?<$L?$758R;6O?><$CD=$B?;O?<<;:><$L5?OB:;<?;$758LV6@=:>$L?$758DL=<?D;X$O8=@$?77?$L:=<$v<;?$<?OB6;6?$B8;$7?$>8<D;?7$L?$75?AB;?@@=:>$(<()=#)!*,F3e.60U,J$8M>$L?$E:>@?;G?;$78$E;6L=9=7=<6$CD5D>$@<c7?$<;:B$:;>6$U?;8=<$B?;L;?$8D$L=@E:D;@$(?.GO"50501$2?X$2`JK

`2K$(?$<?;O?$<()=#)!*,$?@<$?>$?i?<$7?$O:<$E:>@8E;6X$L8>@$78$<?;O=>:7:R=?$;V6<:;=CD?X$B:D;$L6@=R>?;$ 7?$ uitium$ CD=$ E:>@=@<?$ F$ <:O9?;$ L8>@$ 7?$ ;?R=@<;?$ <;:B$ VDO97?$ ?<$ 98@$ ]#".%)5*,J01$ EUK$-K$(8D@9?;RX$?5"3F)+%#3($# 60'($5$01+%("#T%(',$0E@#S0"(#Q$)"36(N)"N#3($#;0'($5')$U011("1+%5C'X$ &_&&X$\�>=EVX$2^laI$]2^mdJX$BK4`^[_`^^0n$#;>?@<=X$Lex. Graec.X$BK42`^X$s.u. l()a#E,F38+K$),$]34DD7R8;=@$;8<=:$L=E?>L=4HJ0n$gK$%<;:DAX$/(#J%(,9%$51'0#)0$')'0F)18#,9@#+0'@X$BK4am01$34#".%)5*,$~$?<$<()=#)!*,


6/7%=,3(B3?+%#23$"8]3!"@3>23#".%)5253%_5")H3P"8%$#K#E3>B530J534$#)53\34!3#Z53!&+G=53k50>K#=5F3?66T3#".%)5'C3."+K(%)9>"3(B3\316%08Z5#0,3.0GE$),3!"@3\3PO%5/60&H3P%>523(B3!"@347"66K##0&$"3#;3<()=#)!;53\3#0:,37%5)!0:,3!%M+E>/5EF37%5)!;53(B36/9=396Z##"53!"@3>%#"80+T53!"@34./!#"$)53!"@3.Q53#;3."+T3#;3!R+)05.

78$CD87=<6$L?$ 75?AB;?@@=:>X$E5?@<$L5v<;?$E78=;?$@8>@$v<;?$B78<?0n$:;$ 78$B7D@$ E78=;?$ ?@<$ E?77?$ CD=$ @?$ E:OB:@?$ L?$ >:O@$ E:D;8><@X$O8=@$ ?77?$?@<$ B78<?01$ 75?A?OB7?$ ?>$ ?@<$ 78$ B:6@=?$ L?$ h76:BV:>X$ :D$ E?77?$ L?$%<V6>67:@K$(5?AB;?@@=:>$>:97?$?<$CD=$6EV8BB?$F$78$98>87=<6X$?@<$E?77?$CD=$8$;?E:D;@$F$L?@$<?;O?@$6<;8>R?@$]P%>523(B3!"@347"66K##0&$"3#;3<()=#)!;53\3#0:,37%5)!0:,3!%M+E>/5EJK$W8;$�<?;O?$6<;8>R?5X$k5?>-<?>L@$D>$>:O$;8;?X$D>?$O6<8BV:;?X$D>$877:>R?O?><$?<$<:D<$E?$CD=$@56E8;<?$L?$75D@8R?$E:D;8><K0Ì

(?$B8;877N7?$?><;?$78$E=<8<=:>$8;=@<:<67=E=?>>?$?<$78$L6M>=<=:>$L=:R6>=?>>?$L?$ 78$!"#"$!%&'$E:OO?$34 75?AB;?@@=:>$CD=$E:>@=@<?$F$6G=<?;$ 78$ <;=G=87=<64H$(6/7),3 4!.%8%&9&:"3 #;53 <()=#)$>*5J$ ?@<$ ;?O8;CD897?$ ?<$ =>E=<?$ L?$ B;=O?$89:;L$ F$ E:>@=L6;?;X$ L8>@$ 78$ 7=R>6?$ LD$ %<8R=;=<?X$ 756789:;8<=:>$ @<:PE=?>>?$E:OO?$D>$6CD=G87?><$L?$75?AB;?@@=:>$>:97?$]$%>5236/7),)0àK$h?77?_E=X$B;6E=@?$);=@<:<?$CD?7CD?@$7=R>?@$B7D@$98@X$E:>@=@<?$L8>@$78$;?EV?;EV?$L?$75:;>?O?><$(!*$>0,)0`ZX$ E?$ CD=$ =>@<8D;?$D>$B;?O=?;$ 7=?>$ ?><;?$!"#"$!%&'$ ?<$!*$>0,X$L8>@$7?D;$E:OOD>?$:BB:@=<=:>$F$75<()=#)$>*,$]:D$<()=#)!*5X$L8>@$78$<?;O=->:7:R=?$8;=@<:<67=E=?>>?JK

+:D<?U:=@X$ 78$98>87=<6$ ;6B;:DG6?$B8;$ 7?$%<8R=;=<?$>5?@<$6G=<6?$CD?$B8;$ 78$;?EV?;EV?$L?$O:<@$ 34 6<;8>R?@4 H$ ]7%5)!KJ$ ?<$B8;$ 7?$ ;?k?<$L?@$ <?;O?@$ 34 E:D-;8><@4H$]!R+)"JK$.;$75:;8<?D;$LD$W:;<=CD?$;?EV?;EV?$D>$78>R8R?$8D@@=$B;:EV?$CD?$ B:@@=97?$ L?$ 78$ 34 >8<D;?4 HX$ LD$ >8<D;?701$ @=$ D>$ <?;O?$ @58GN;?$ 8L6CD8<$ F$75=L6?$CD5=7$@:DV8=<?$?AB;=O?;X$:>$>?$75=O8R=>?$B8@$c$;?>:>E?;$@:D@$B;6<?A<?$CD5=7$ @?;8=<$ <;=G=87$:D$ <;:B$E:D;8><K$)D@@=$ 7?@$%<:PE=?>@$>5?><?>L?><_=7@$ @8>@$L:D<?$B8@$]LD$O:=>@$B8@$@?D7?O?><J$78$!"#"$!%&'$E:OO?$7?$;?k?<$L5D>$78>-R8R?$U8O=7=?;X$GD7R8=;?X$;?7zEV6X$U�<_E?$L8>@$7?$E8L;?$L5D>?$?@<V6<=CD?$L?$78$@:9;=6<601$ 7?D;$ <:76;8>E?$F$ 756R8;L$L?@$ @:76E=@O?@X$ 75:;=R=>?$6<;8>RN;?$L?$ 78$B7DB8;<$ L?@$ @E:78;CD?@$ CD=$ L?$ E?$ U8=<$ B8;78=?><$ D>$ R;?E$ ?><8EV6$L?$ 98;98-;=@O?@X$ <:D<$ E?78$>:D@$ =>E=<?$ F$ ;6ED@?;$ 758@@=O=78<=:>$L?$ 75<()=#)$>*,$ F$ D>$

@c>:>cO8$@D><4HK$%?7:>$)K$"8DEqX$Aristophanis Byzantii Grammatici Alexandrini fragmentaX$-877?X$2[Z[$]r$-=7L?@V?=OX$2^maJX$BK4I`2X$CD=$E:>k?E<D;?$<()=#)!'$8D$7=?D$L?$<()=#K#EX$7?$R;8OO8=;=?>$);=@<:BV8>?$L?$bct8>E?$8D;8=<$E;=<=CD6$,B=ED;?$]Q(X$�X$2aJ$B8;E?$CD?$@:>$3478>R8R?$E:D;8><4H$(6/7),3!&+G"J$E:>LD=@8=<$@:>$@<c7?$F$78$<;=G=87=<6K

ÌK$);KX$Poét.X$��&&X$2Z`[$8$2^_Id$?<$Id_Ia01$<;8LDE<=:>$L?$\K$\8R>=?>KàK$(?$W@?DL:_(:>R=>$?OB7:=?$7D=$8D@@=$758Lk?E<=U$m$%>505$]3498@4HJ$?>$RD=@?$L?$@c>:>cO?$

d’<()=#)!*5$]34<;=G=874HJ01$/)#1)F60*(X$ZaX$2K`ZK$);KX$Poét.X$��&&X$2Z`[$8$aI_a`K


;?R=@<;?$L?$78>RD?$kDR6$<;:B$98@$:D$<;:B$E:OOD>X$E:><;8=;?O?><$F$78$E:>E?B-<=:>$8;=@<:<67=E=?>>?$L?$E?$G=E?$@<c7=@<=CD?K

(?$>:O$OvO?$L5<()=#)$>*,$>5?@<$k8O8=@$?OB7:c6$L8>@$7?@$U;8RO?><@$CD=$>:D@$@:><$B8;G?>D@$L?@$%<:PE=?>@$CD=$:><$B;6E6L6$Q=:RN>?X$<?7@$CD?$�6>:>X$);=@<:>X$h768><V?$ :D$hV;c@=BB?$ e$ F$ E?E=$ B;N@$ CD?$ 7?$ W@?DL:_�:>8;8@$ >:D@$<;8>@O?<$ D>?$ L6M>=<=:>$ U:;<$ :;=R=>87?$ LD$ @:76E=@O?X$ @8>@$ L:D<?$ =@@D?$ LD$<;8=<6$V%+@36/7%=5$L?$�6>:>X$?<$L:><$75D>?$L?@$G8;=8><?@$;?>U?;O?$7?$G?;9?$<()=#%R%)501

P060)!Gc%)5C30S3>*5053#;3!"#T38=5253!"@36*9053M=+)!%R%$O")F3?66T3 !"@3 4.@3 45(&>K#=53 n#"53 #),3 M=+)!Z,3 45()(R$!E#")3 o3?#K!#=,34$OGp3o3?!*$>=,3.%+)."#LF3q,38E$)3r'5=5.

%:76E=@?;01$v<;?$>:>$@?D7?O?><$;D@<=CD?$]M=+)!%R%$O")J$L8>@$@8$G:=A$?<$@:>$78>R8R?X$O8=@$?>E:;?$L8>@$@?@$Gv<?O?><@X$CD8>L$:>$@5V89=77?$L?$U8s:>$;D@<=CD?$]M=+)!Z,JX$CD?$75:>$O8>R?$L?$U8s:>$L6@:;L:>>6?$(?#K!#=,J$:D$CD?$75:>$@?$B;:ON>?$8G?E$=>E:>G?>8>E?$]?!*$>=,JX$E:OO?$7?$L=<$�6>:>K0``

\vO?$?OB7:c6?$L8>@$@:>$8EE?B<=:>$MRD;6?$]O8>R?;$34L?$ U8s:>$L6@:;-L:>>6?4 HJ$ ?<$ >:>$ 7=<<6;87?X$ 78$O?><=:>$ L?$ 758LG?;9?$?#K!#=,$ 8>>:>E?$ L?$U8s:>$U;8BB8><?$78$L6M>=<=:>$LD$@:76E=@O?$E:OO?$U8D<?$L?$@c><8A?X$8<<?=><?$F$ 78$ E:V6;?>E?$ L?$ 756>:>E6$ ]P060)!)$>;,3 (/3 4$#)3 6*90,3 ?!"#"66'6=,3$&5#%#"9>/50,)0`mX$ E?>@6$ 7D=_OvO?$ ;?x6<?;$ 78$ ;8<=:>87=<6$ ?<$ 75:;L:>>8>-E?O?><$ LD$O:>L?$ @?7:>$ D>?$ E:;;?@B:>L8>E?$ ?><;?$O=E;:E:@O?$ <?A<D?7$ ?<$O8E;:E:@O?$D>=G?;@?7K$Q?$B7D@X$7?$E:DB7?$U:;O6$B8;$?#K!#=,$?<$?!*$>=, ]348G?E$=>E:>G?>8>E?4HX$8D$@?>@$MRD;6J$<;:DG?$D>$6EV:$L=@E;?<$L8>@$78$L6M>=-<=:>$EV;c@=BB6?>>?$L?$78$;V6<:;=CD?$E:OO?$348;<$CD=$@5:EEDB?$L?$75:;>?O?>-<8<=:>$]!*$>05J$LD$L=@E:D;@$E:><=>D$?<$L?$@:>$:;L;?$]#K7)5)0`l4HK$Q8>@$E?<<?$>:DG?77?$B?;@B?E<=G?X$7?$@:76E=@O?$L?G=?><$@c>:>cO?$L5D>?$89@?>E?$R6>6;87?$L?$#/M5EX$@=$75:>$B;?>L$?>$E:OB<?$D>$<?A<?$LD$Lexique$L?$hc;=77?$]T?$@=NE7?$8B;N@$gK_hKJ0`[$CD=$:i;?X$8G?E$L?@$G8;=8><?@$O=>=O?@X$78$OvO?$L6M>=<=:>$LD$@:76E=@O?$CD?$7?$W@?DL:_�:>8;8@0`^.

``K$}�:>8;8@�X$Lex. s.u. $060)!Gc%)5X$E:7K42mmI$]r$SVF$&$[I2$r$V/H$mdaJK`mK$Q(X$T&&X$`^01$34&7$c$8$@:76E=@O?$CD8>L$:>$>?$;?@B?E<?$B8@$L8>@$756>:>E6$]6*90,J$7?@$;NR7?@$

L?$E:V6;?>E?4HK`lK$W7D<KX$St. Rep.X$��T&&&X$2dZl48$]r$SVFX$&&X$I^l$r$LS4a2$-J01$<;8LDE<=:>$L?$QK$b89D<K`[K$.>$=R>:;?$75=L?><=<6$?A8E<?$L?$E?<$8D<?D;01$EUK$#K$Q=Eq?cX$L"+0("'#Q$((E#1+%,65$1%09-.#5#N)03(#

',#:"30"N8#$(530"N8#5"3#)"3($1'5"30"N#1+%,6058#+,**("'5$0(18#6(G0+58#5"3#N$5**5'0+56#'$(5'01(18#C$,*#their beginnings to the Byzantine periodX$.AU:;L_"?o$p:;qX$.AU:;L$!>=G?;@=<c$W;?@@X$IddlX$BK42ddK

`^K$.>$c$E:>@<8<?$6R87?O?><$CD?$7?$@:76E=@O?X$E:OO?$@:>$@c>:>cO?$75<()=#)$>*,$]?>$G?;<D$L?$756CD=G87?>E?$B:@6?$=E=$?><;?$$060)!Gc%)5$?<$<()=#%R%)5JX$L?G=?><$@D;$D>$B78>$6<V=CD?$7?$@=R>?$L5D>?$89@?>E?$L?$@8R?@@?K


P060)!)$>*,C3n#%3#),3?#/M5=,3()"6/9%#")C3$060)!Gc%)5C30S3>*5053#;3!"#T36/7)53!"@38=5253<()=#%R%)5F3?66T3!"@34.@38=+E>K#=5F3n#"53 #),3 M=+)!Z,3 45(/(&#")3 o3 ?#K!#=,3 4$OG%)3 o3 ?!*$>=,3.%+)."#%:F3q,38E$)3r'5=53s31)#)%R,.

%:76E=@O?01$ CD8>L$ :>$ L=@ED<?$ @8>@$ 8;<$ ]?#/M5=,JK$ %:76E=@?;$($060)!Gc%)5J01$U8=;?$B;?DG?$L?$R;:@@=N;?<6$]<()=#%R%)5J$>:>$@?D7?-O?><$ ?>$O8<=N;?$ L?$ @<c7?$ ?<$ L?$ G:=AX$O8=@$ ?>E:;?$ L8>@$ @?@$ Gv<?-O?><@X$7:;@CD?$75:>$@5V89=77?$L?$U8s:>$;D@<=CD?$]M=+)!Z,JX$CD?$75:>$O8>R?$L?$ U8s:>$L6@:;L:>>6?$ ]?#K!#=,J$ :D$CD?$ 75:>$ @?$B;:ON>?$8G?E$=>E:>G?>8>E?$]?!*$>=,JX$E:OO?$7?$L=<$�6>:>$L?$h=<=DOK0md

(56CD=G87?>E?$ B:@6?$ ?><;?$$060)!Gc%)5$ ?<$ <()=#%R%)5$ L8>@$ D>$ E:><?A<?$L?$>8<D;?$6<V=CD?$>:D@$ =>G=<?$B8;$8=77?D;@$F$8@@=O=7?;$>:>$B8@$ 7?$G=E?$ @<c-7=@<=CD?$LD$@:76E=@O?$F$E?7D=$L?$78$<;=G=87=<6$CD?$<;8LD=<$75<()=#)$>*,X$E?$CD=$@?;8=<$ =>kD@<=M897?$L5D>$B:=><$L?$GD?$R;8OO8<=E87$?<$L58D<8><$B7D@$V:;@$L?$B;:B:@$ CD?$ �6>:>$ >?$ E:>>8=@@8=<$ B;:9897?O?><$ B8@$ 758EE?B<=:>$ <?EV>=CD?$LD$ @:76E=@O?0m2X$ =>G?><6?$ @8>@$ L:D<?$ B8;$ hV;c@=BB?0mIX$O8=@$ F$ 8L:B<?;$ D>?$7?E<D;?$78;R?$L?$75<()=#)$>*,$@<:PE=?>K$h?7D=_E=X$?>$@?$@=R>878><$B8;$@:>$O8>-CD?O?><$8DA$;NR7?@$LD$!*$>0,$?<$L?$78$#K7),$F$75=>@<8;$LD$@:76E=@O?X$@?$B;6-@?><?$7D=$8D@@=$E:OO?$D>?$@:;<?$L5?>G?;@$L?$78$;V6<:;=CD?$<?77?$CD?$78$L6M>=<$hV;c@=BB?K$)D@@=$7:;@CD?$@:>$67NG?$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?$L6M>=<$78$E=>CD=NO?$G?;<D$@<c7=@<=CD?$]:D$346789:;8<=:>4HX$!"#"$!%&'J$E:OO?$3475?AB;?@@=:>$CD=$E:>@=@<?$F$6G=<?;$78$<;=G=87=<64H$]6/7),34!.%8%&9&:"3#;53<()=#)$>*5JX$=7$U8D<$?>G=@8R?;$ CD5=7$ >?$ G=@?$ B8@$ D>$ @=OB7?$ ;?k?<$ L?$ <:D<?$ B78<=<DL?$L?$ 78>R8R?X$O8=@$B7D@$78;R?O?><$D>?$G=:78<=:>$L?@$;NR7?@$L?$758;<$;V6<:;=CD?X$8D$B;?O=?;$

mdK$hc;=77?X$Lex. s.u. $060)!)$>*,X$ in Anecdota Graeca Paris.X$ &X$ BK4 2^d$h;8O?;$ ]r$SVF$ &X$[II$r$V/H$mda482JK$!>?$L?;>=N;?$G8;=8><?$L?$E?<<?$L6M>=<=:>$>?$@?$L=i6;?>E=?$L?$78$B;6E6L?><?$CD?$B8;$CD?7CD?@$U:;O?@X$O8=@$>?$>:OO?$B8@$�6>:>0n$=7$@58R=<$L?$75Etymologicum Gudianum s.u. $060)!Gc%)5X$E:7K4`dl$%<D;tK$)KhK$W?8;@:>X$The Fragments of Zeno and CleanthesX$(:>L:>X$hKgK$h78cX$2[^2X$BK4[IX$>:<?$CD?$�6>:>$>5?@<$B8@$7?$@?D7$F$?OB7:c?;$7?$O:<$?>$D>$@?>@$6<?>LD$?<$;?>G:=?$F$�6>:BV:>X$Cyr.X$T&&&X$aX$I2X$CD=$6G:CD?$D>$E?;<8=>$Q8PBV?;>N@X$34V:OO?$L?$O8>=N;?@$8@@?t$R;:@-@=N;?@4H$]$060)!*#%+0,3m5O+=.0,3#W3#+*.t).

m2K$&7$8G8=<$<:D<?U:=@$8BB7=CD6X$L8>@$D>$E:><?A<?$@<c7=@<=CD?X$758Lk?E<=U$@D9@<8><=G6$0i3?$*60)!0) 8DA$BD;=@<?@$L:><$7?@$L=@E:D;@$9=?>$8kD@<6@$]#0g, […] 6*90&, […] ?.E+#)$>/50&,J$?<$7?@$?AB;?@-@=:>@$9=?>$<:D;>6?@$]#T,3!%!"66)9+"8E>/5",36/7%),J$6<8=?><$E:OB8;897?@$F$L?@$<6<;8L;8EVO?@$8<<=CD?@$9=?>$L?@@=>6@01$EUK$Q(X$T&&X$2[$]r$SVFX$&X$[2JK

mIK$T:=;$W7D<KX$St. Rep.X$��T&&&X$2dZl49$]r$SVFX$&&X$I^[$r$LS4a24-J01$34/D8>L$:>$@58<<8EV?$F$E?$CD=$?@<$O=?DAX$=7$>?$U8D<$B8@$<?>=;$E:OB<?$>:>$@?D7?O?><$L?$B8;?=77?@$EV:@?@X$O8=@$B8@$OvO?$L?@$:9@ED;=<6@X$L?@$:O=@@=:>@$>=X$B8;$�?D@0�X$L?@$@:76E=@O?@X$L:><$9=?>$L58D<;?@$B?;@:>>?@$8D;8=?><$V:><?4H$]0S3>*50538E$@3#"U#"3."+%#/053#0U3Y%6#G050,34M0>/50&,F3?66T3!"@3.0)T,3?$"8%G",3!"@3466%G`%),3!"@3523uG"3$060)!)$>0R,F348h30v,3m660)3w53"<$M&5O%GE$"530S!3k6G90)JK$%?7:>$>:D@X$E5?@<$8D$@?>@$R;8OO8<=E87$?<$ @<c7=@<=CD?$CD5=7$ U8D<$?><?>L;?$ =E=$ 7?$O:<$34 @:76E=@O?@4H01$ 78$O?><=:>$L?$75V=8<D@X$8D$L69D<$L?$78$BV;8@?X$?<$78$R;8L8<=:>$@D9@6CD?><?$O?>8><$L?@$:9@ED;=<6@$8DA$?77=B@?@$B:D;$ED7O=>?;$@D;$7?@$$060)!)$>0G$B;:DG?><$CD?$78$B?;@B?E<=G?$L8>@$78CD?77?$@?$B78E?$hV;c@=BB?$?@<$@<c7=@<=CD?$?<$R;8OO8<=E87?X$?<$>:>$347:R=CD?4H$]pace$WK$|7:9?;<X$34(8$<V6:;=?$LD$@:76-E=@O?$L8>@$75)><=CD=<601$L?$78$7:R=CD?$F$78$@c><8A?4HX$RPhX$mdX$2^[mX$BK42la_2[2$e$=E=X$BK42lmX$>K4lJK


;8>R$L?@CD?77?@$MRD;?><$75:;L;?$]#K7),J$e$8B;N@$<:D<X$7?$O:<$!"#"$!%&'$>?$@=R>=M?_<_=7$ B8@$ ?>$ B;?O=?;$ 7=?D$ 78$ 34 E:>@<;DE<=:>4 H0�$ e$ ?<$ 75:;>?O?><8<=:>$(!*$>0,JK$":D@$8G:>@$E?;<?@$;8BB?76$CD?$7?@$L?DA$<?;O?@$L?$!*$>0,$?<$L?$#K7),$6<8=?><$?OB7:c6@$8D$MRD;6$L8>@$>:@$<?A<?@X$O8=@$7?$B8;877N7?$8G?E$78$L:E<;=>?$EV;c@=BB6?>>?$?@<$<;:B$U;8BB8><$B:D;$>5v<;?$B8@$;?7?G6K$)B;N@$<:D<X$758LG?;9?$?#/M5=,$?@<$?>G=@8R6$L8>@$D>$E:><?A<?$L6E=L6O?><$@<c7=@<=CD?$8D$@?=>$L?$78$@?E:>L?$L6M>=<=:>$]P060)!)$>*,C3n#%3#),3?#/M5=,3()"6/9%#")JX$E?$CD=$>:D@$=>G=<?$F$k:D?;$E:>@<8OO?><$@D;$7?$L:D97?$>=G?8D$6<V=CD?$?<$@<c7=@-<=CD?X$E:OO?$<:Dk:D;@$7:;@CD?$75:>$89:;L?$78$;V6<:;=CD?$@<:PE=?>>?K

h5?@<$8=>@=$CD?$78$L6M>=<=:>$LD$@:76E=@O?$e$?<$L?$75<()=#)$>*,X$B8;$E:>@6-CD?><$e$8D$O:c?>$L?@$8LG?;9?@$?#K!#=,$?<$?!*$>=,$L8>@$>:@$L?DA$<?A<?@$@?$L6E:DB?$@D;$D>$8;;=N;?_B78>$B78<:>=E=?>0maX$E?<<?$U:=@_E=$6<V=CD?$?<$>:>$B7D@$@<c7=@<=CD?X$L?$OvO?$CD?$L8>@$>:<;?$B8@@8R?$E?@$L?DA$L6U8D<@$CD=<<?><$7?D;$8EE?B<=:>$7=>RD=@<=CD?$B:D;$E:><;?G?>=;$F$D>$@<c7?$L?$G=?$:;L:>>6$e$D>$@<c7?$CD=$@5?AB;=O?$L8>@$L?@$8E<=G=<6@$8D@@=$L=G?;@?@$CD?$7?@$;?B8@X$ 75V89=77?O?><$:D$78$B;:O?>8L?K$h?<<?$8<<=<DL?$;6GN7?$7?$@:DE=$E:>@<8><$L?@$%<:PE=?>@$L?$>?$B8@$B;v<?;$8<<?><=:>$D>=CD?O?><$F$78$U:;O?$LD$L=@E:D;@X$O8=@$L?$;8<<8EV?;$7?$78>R8R?$F$L?@$G87?D;@$O:;87?@$CD5=7$?@<$EV8;R6$L5?AB;=O?;$?<$L?$;6G67?;K

gD@CD5F$B;6@?><X$7?$O:<$<()=#)$>*,$>:D@$?@<$8BB8;D$E:OO?$B:7c@6O=CD?01$B?D<_v<;?$>?$L:=<_:>$B8@$?AE7D;?$CD5=7$@=R>=M?$8D$B;?O=?;$EV?UX$@?7:>$@:>$8EE?B-<=:>$78$B7D@$6G=L?><?X$D>$;?R=@<;?$L?$78>RD?$B78<$?<$<;=G=87$CD?$78$!"#"$!%&' 8D;8=<$B:D;$G:E8<=:>$L?$98>>=;$EV?t$D>$%<:PE=?>K$%:D@$D>$L?DA=NO?$8>R7?X$?<$F$75=O8R?$LD$@:76E=@O?X$75<()=#)$>*,$E:><;?G=?>L;8=<$8DA$;NR7?@$L?$78$#K7), ?<$LD$!*$>0,$?>$O8<=N;?$L56<V=CD?$?<$B?D<_v<;?$8D@@=$L?$@<c7?X$:u$E?@$;NR7?@$@?;8=?><$=>E8;>6?@$B8;$78$!"#"$!%&'$CD=$UD@=:>>?;8=<$?>$?77?$7?@$?A=R?>E?@$L?$E?@$L?DA$>:<=:>@$E76@$L?$78$;V6<:;=CD?$@<:PE=?>>?01$75:;L;?$?<$75:;>?O?><8-<=:>K$%?7:>$D>?$<;:=@=NO?$8BB;:EV?X$L5=>@B=;8<=:>$B78<:>=E=?>>?X$75<()=#)$>*, @?;8=<$ =OB7=E=<?O?><$ ;8<<8EV6$8D$L:O8=>?$L?$ 78$B;:@?X$?<$ 78$!"#"$!%&'X$F$E?7D=$L?$ 78$B:6@=?K$W;6E=@:>@$CD5=7$ @58R=<$ 7F$L5D>?$ <V6:;=?$L?$W:@=L:>=D@$L?$*V:L?@X$L:><$=7$E:>G=?><$L58>87c@?;$L8>@$CD?77?$O?@D;?$?77?$?@<$;?L?G897?$F$75?>@?=R>?O?><$L?$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?$@D;$78$!"#"$!%&'K$)=>@=$CD?$756E;=<$W:@=L:>=D@$L8>@$@:>$Introduction à l’expressionX

.0GE>"3 (/3 4$#)5 […] 6/7),3 [>>%#+0,3 o3 [5+&O>0,3 >%#T <!"#">$!%&],3#;36090%)(B,34!Y%YE!&:" […]. V0GE$),3(/34$#)3$E>"5#)!;53.0GE>"F3>G>E$)53.%+)/M053O%G=53!"@3?5O+=.%G=5.

maK$&7$@58R=<$L5D>$E:DB7?$;6ED;;?><$?>$E:><?A<?$6<V=CD?X$>:<8OO?><$L8>@$7?$GorgiasX$`dZ48_L$?<$`dm4L_?K$)D$E:D;@$L?@$B8;8R;8BV?@X$!*$>0,$ ?<$#K7),$ @:><$8@@:E=6@$B:D;$L6@=R>?;$ 75:;L;?$?<$75V8;O:>=?$L?$75zO?0n$=7@$E:>@<=<D?><$7?@$L?DA$<?;O?@$?@@?><=?7@$L?$78$L6M>=<=:>$B78<:>=E=?>>?$LD$b=?>$?>$R6>6;87$?<$L?$75?AE?77?>E?$L?@$V:OO?@X$E?<<?$L?;>=N;?$6<8><$;6@DO6?$B8;$7?$E:DB7?$kD@<=E?$(()!")0$R5EJ$�$ <?OB6;8>E?$]$=8+0$R5EJK$h5?@<$F$ 78$E:>L=<=:>$L?$B:@@6L?;$E?@$L?DA$CD87=<6@X$E:>E7D<$%:E;8<?X$CD?$75:>$B?D<$O?>?;$D>?$G=?$G?;<D?D@?X$E5?@<_F_L=;?$V?D;?D@?$]ibid.X$`dm4E_`d^4EJK


D>$B:NO?$}~�$?@<$D>?$?AB;?@@=:>$8@@Dk?<<=?$8D$ON<;?$:D$8D$;c<VO?X$CD=$8G?E$6789:;8<=:>$@567NG?$8D_L?@@D@$L?$78$B;:@?$}~�K$!>?$B:6@=?$?@<$ D>$ B:NO?$CD=$ B;6@?><?$ D>$ @?>@$ ?<$ E:><=?><$ D>?$ =O=<8<=:>$ L?@$EV:@?@$L=G=>?@$?<$VDO8=>?@K0mZ

!>$<?7$B8@@8R?$6G:CD?$L?$U8s:>$U;8BB8><?$ 78$L6M>=<=:>$L=:R6>=?>>?$L?$756789:;8<=:>$ ]!"#"$!%&'J$ E:OO?$ 34 75?AB;?@@=:>$ CD=$ E:>@=@<?$ F$ 6G=<?;$ 78$<;=G=87=<64 H0m` (6/7),3 4!.%8%&9&:"3#;53 <()=#)$>*5J01$OvO?$ U:;OD78<=:>$ 8D$O:c?>$L5D>$B8;<=E=B?$B8;U8=<$]4!.%8%&9&:"F34!Y%YE!&:"JX$OvO?$:EED;;?>E?$L?$78$6/7),$?<$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'K$&7$<6O:=R>?$?>$:D<;?$L5D>?$8BB7=E8<=:>$?A<?>-@=G?$ e$ B?D<_v<;?$ MLN7?$ F$ 75?@B;=<$ L?$ Q=:RN>?$ e$ L?@$ E=>C$?+%#"@3 6*90&$ 8D$L:O8=>?$L?$ 75?AB;?@@=:>$ <:D<$?><=N;?X$B;:@:L=CD?$8D@@=$9=?>$CD?$B:6<=CD?K$(5D>?$?<$758D<;?$@?;8=?><$kD@<=E=897?@$L?@$OvO?@$=OB6;8<=U@$L?$E:;;?E<=:>X$L?$E78;<6X$L?$E:>E=@=:>X$L?$E:>G?>8>E?$?<$L56789:;8<=:>K

W8;$8=77?D;@X$W:@=L:>=D@$@?O97?$@?$7=G;?;$=E=$F$D>?$;?7?E<D;?$L?$75?>@?=R>?-O?><$L?$Q=:RN>?$B8;$7?$B;=@O?$L5D>$BV=7:@:BV?$CD5=7$EV6;=@@8=<X$W78<:>X$?<$CD=X$L8>@$D>$E67N9;?$B8@@8R?$LD$2%73$(X$L=@<=>RD8=<$7?$B:N<?X$.0)E#',X$LD$B;:@8-<?D;X$<()a#E,0mmK$(?$%<:PE=?>$8D;8=<_=7$@:D@$E?<<?$=>xD?>E?$B;:B:@6$L58>87c@?;$7?$B:NO?$E:OO?$34D>?$?AB;?@@=:>$}~�$@567}?G8><�$8D_L?@@D@$L?$78$B;:@?4HX$?>$L6E87CD8><$78$L6M>=<=:>$CD58G8=<$L:>>6?$Q=:RN>?$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'X$L6@:;-O8=@$8@@=O=76?$F$D>$78>R8R?$B:6<=CD?$@567?G8><$8D_L?@@D@$L5D>?$?AB;?@@=:>$34B;:@8PCD?4H$]<()=#)$>*,JX$8D$@?>@$B;:B;?$E:OO?$8D$MRD;60�$.>$<;:DG?$D>$6EV:$L?$E?<<?$E:>E?B<=:>$EV?t$%<;89:>X$CD=$@5=>@B=;?$@8>@$L:D<?$L?$W:@=L:>=D@$L8>@$ @8$O6<8BV:;?$ LD$ 78>R8R?$ B:6<=CD?$ 34 L?@E?>LD4 H$ ]!"#"YK5#"X$ 6EV:$=>G?;@6$LD$B8;<=E=B?$4!Y%YE!&:"$EV?t$W:@=L:>=D@J$L?$@:>$EV8;$B:D;$34O8;-EV?;$F$B=?L4H$]#;3.%c*5)0mlX$L58D<8><$CD?$%<;89:>$?OB7:=?X$?>$?>$@:D7=R>8><$78$>:DG?8D<6X$7?$OvO?$<?;O?$CD?$7?$%<:PE=?>$B:D;$L6@=R>?;$34E?$CD5:>$8BB?77?$L?$>:@$ k:D;@$B;:@?4HX$#;36090%)(B,35&5@3!"60R>%505K$(?$TLG$>:D@$;6GN7?$

mZK$Q(X$T&&X$ mdK$*K$*?=<t?>@<?=>X$W@#J($("'0)1#P5$$,# )"3# X,%5""(1#W5)$,9)1# Y,"#S)+%50'5-.#(0"(#H')30(#R)$#Q(1+%0+%'(#3($#H9$5+%U011("1+%5C'X$(?=Bt=RX$+?D9>?;X$2^d2X$BK4ÎX$B;:B:@?$L?$7=;?$!"#"$!%&],$8D$7=?D$L?$$!%&],X$8G?E$758BB;:98<=:>$L?$gK$%<;:DAX$/(#J%(,9%$51'0#)0$')'0F)18#,9@#+0'@X$BK4alX$>:<?$I0n$\K$'=R8><?X$34PE>"5#)!;53.0GE>"K$h:><;=9D<:$8778$@<:;=8$L?775?@<?<=E8$8><=E84HX$La Parola del PassatoX$2mX$2^m2X$BK4Zd_à$]BK4Z2JX$8L:B<?$78$OvO?$E:;;?E<=:>X$?>$;8BB?78><$CD?$@=$$!%&'$>5?@<$B8@$;6BD<6$v<;?$D>$<?;O?$<?EV>=CD?X$!"#"$!%&'$8D$E:><;8=;?$75?@<X$E:OO?$>:D@$758G:>@$E:>@<8<6$EV?t$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?K$":<:>@$B:D;$M>=;$CD?$MRD;?><$EV?t$W:@=L:>=D@$L?$<;N@$;8;?@$:EED;;?>E?@$LD$<?;O?$!"#"$!%&'$L8>@$7?$;?ED?=7$L?$<6O:=R>8R?@$6<897=$B8;$(K$#L?7@<?=>$?<$&K'K$�=LL$]6L=<=:>$?>$a$G:7DO?@X$h8O9;=LR?X$h8O9;=LR?$!>=G?;@=<c$W;?@@X$2^lI_2^^^J01$75D>?$L6@=R>?$U:;<$E:>E;N<?O?><$7?$34O:9=7=?;4H$]|4IlaX$2ZJX$758D<;?X$78$34E:>@<=<D<=:>4H$LD$E:;B@$F$78$O8>=N;?$L?@$G6<6;:_%<:PE=?>@$]|42m^X$22I0n$EUK$|42[mX$@D;$78$L6M>=<=:>$LD$#/60,$E:OO?$78$G=?$?>$8EE:;L$8G?E$78$34E:>@<=<D<=:>4H$e$!"#"$!%&'$e$L?$75V:OO?J0n$@?D7?$78$L?;>=N;?$:EED;;?>E?$;?Gv<$D>?$8EE?B<=:>$@<c7=@<=CD?X$L8>@$7?$E8L;?$L?$78$E67N9;?$L=@<=>E<=:>$?><;?$B:NO?$?<$B:6@=?$CD?$>:D@$G?>:>@$L?$E=<?;$]|4ZZJK

m`K$Q(X$T&&X$`^KmmK$W78<:>X$2%73$(X$I`[4LKmlK$%<;89:>X$GéographieX$&X$IX$mK$":<:>@$<:D<?U:=@$CD?$E?$<?A<?$>?$MRD;?$B8@$L8>@$7?$;?ED?=7$L?@$

U;8RO?><@$L?$W:@=L:>=D@$B8;$(K$#L?7@<?=>$?<$&K'K$�=LLK


CD5=7$@58R=@@8=<$L5D>$>6:7:R=@O?$=>G?><6$B8;$W:@=L:>=D@0n$6<8><$L:>>6$78$L=@-<=>E<=:>$;=R:D;?D@?$6<897=?$B8;$Q=:RN>?$?><;?$6*90,$]34L=@E:D;@4HJ$?<$6/7), ]34?AB;?@@=:>4HJX$7?$B;?O=?;$B;6@?><8><$<:Dk:D;@$D>?$@=R>=ME8<=:>X$78$@?E:>L?$B:DG8><$8D@@=$v<;?$L6>D6?$L?$@=R>=ME8<=:>0m[X$W:@=L:>=D@$>?$B:DG8=<$L6M>=;$78$B;:@?$B8;$7?$@=OB7?$<?;O?$L?$6*90,$E:OO?$758G8=<$U8=<$);=@<:<?01$=7$U:;R?8$L:>E$7?$O:<$6090%)(/,.

(?$ 7=?>$ B;=G=76R=6$ CD5=>@<8D;?$ 7?$ %<:PE=?>$ ?><;?$ 78$ !"#"$!%&'$ ?<$ 75?A-B;?@@=:>$B:6<=CD?X$7=?>$;?>U:;E6$?>E:;?$B8;$%<;89:>X$B7:>R?$@8>@$L:D<?$@?@$;8E=>?@$L8>@$78$E67N9;?$<V6:;=?$L?$h768><V?$@D;$ 78$B7D@$R;8>L?$8B<=<DL?$L?$78$ U:;O?$ G?;@=M6?$ F$ ?AB;=O?;$ 78$ R;8>L?D;$ L=G=>?$ B8;$ ;8BB:;<$ 8D$ L=@E:D;@$BV=7:@:BV=CD?$U:;OD76$?>$B;:@?$?<$L6B:D;GD$L58EE:OB8R>?O?><$OD@=E87X$>D$?>$D>$O:<$]`)6*,JX$8D<;?O?><$L=<$>:>$6CD=B6X$B;=G6$L?$!"#"$!%&'K$)D@@=$7?$E:><?>D$?<$7?@$E:>E?B<@$>?$@Dj@?><_=7@$B8@$F$B;:O:DG:=;$D>$O?@@8R?$BV=7:-@:BV=CD?$F$78$U:=@$E78=;$?<$?jE8E?$@8>@$7?$@?E:D;@$L?$78$U:;O?X$8=>@=$CD?$L?@$7:=@$O6<;=CD?@$?<$;c<VO=CD?@01

%<3>[23#0:,3.]"+T316%K5[O]%)36/9%)5 [d$]"�3O%6'$0&$)5F3n,38E$)53>%[G]505 �}#K] #%3%_5")3#T3.0E#)!T3!"@3>[0&$])!T3."+"(%G9>"#"F3!"GF3#0U [6*]90&3#0U3#],38)60$08G",3i!"5Z,3>B5347"9[9]/66%)53(&5">/50&3#T3O%:"3!"@3?5O[+]a[.)5"�X$>23[M05#�0,3(B3̀ %)60U3#Z53O%G=53 >%9%OZ53 6/7%),3 0<!%G",F3 #T3 >/#+"3 !"@3 #T3 >/6E3 !"@3 #0g,3x&O>0g,3y,3>K6)$#"3.+0$)!5%:$O")3.+;,3#253?6'O%)"53#],3#Z53O%G=53O[%]=+G",.

}~�$F$O:=>@$CD5=7@$>?$E:>@?><?><$F$<?>=;$L?@$B;:B:@$�B8;?=7@�$F$}E?$CD5:>$7=<�$EV?t$h768><V?X$@?7:>$CD=$34E?$CD=$8$D>?$B?;O8>?>E?X$E?$@:><$ 7?@$ 7?s:>@$ U:;OD76?@$@:D@$ U:;O?$B:6<=CD?$?<$OD@=E87?4H$?<$?>$OvO?$ <?OB@X$ 34 BD=@CD?$ 7?$ L=@E:D;@$ L?$ 78$ BV=7:@:BV=?X$ <:D<$ ?>$8c8><$D>?$E8B8E=<6$@Dj@8><?$L?$U8=;?$E:>>8w<;?$7?@$EV:@?@$L=G=>?@$?<$VDO8=>?@X$>?$L=@B:@?$B8@X$CD8>L$=7$?@<$>DX$L?$<?;O?@$8BB;:B;=6@$8DA$R;8>L?D;@$L=G=>?@X$E?$@:><$7?@$G?;@$6B=CD?@$?<$7c;=CD?@$8=>@=$CD?$7?@$;c<VO?@$CD=$8BB;:EV?><$8D$O=?DA$78$G6;=<6$L?$78$E:><?OB78<=:>$L?@$EV:@?@$L=G=>?@4HK0m^

m[K$Q(X$T&&X$`l$]r$SVFX$&&&$Q=:RK4Id$r$LS4aa4)JK$h?<<?$L=@<=>E<=:>$B?D<$?AB7=CD?;$78$O?><=:>$LD$<?;O?$!"#"$!%&'$L8>@$78$L6M>=<=:>$B:@=L:>=?>>?$LD$B:NO?K$)7:;@$CD?$7?$.0GE>"$>?$L6@=R>?$CD5D>?$U:;O?$?AB;?@@=G?X$78$.0GE$),X$?>$B7D@$L?$U8=;?$877D@=:>$F$78$U:;O?$O6<;=CD?$:D$OD@=E87?$L?$78$E:OB:@=<=:>$B:6<=CD?X$=>L=CD?$CD?$78$E:OB:@=<=:>$@=R>=M?$E:>E;N<?O?><$?<$?><=N;?O?><$D>?$B?>@6?K$*8BB?7?;$78$B;6@?>E?$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'$L8>@$78$L6M>=<=:>$LD$B:NO?$E:><;=9D?$F$;?>U:;E?;$7?$E8;8E<N;?$U:;O?7$?<$>:>$@6O8><=CD?$L?$E?7D=_E=$B8;$;8BB:;<$F$78$B:6@=?K

m^K$WV=7:LNO?X$/(#*)10+5X$&TX$2?($+@$2Z^lX$E:7K4�T&&&X$2_2ZX$Y42ZI$Q?78<<;?$]r$SVFX$&X$Z[mJ01$<?A<?$?<$<;8LDE<=:>$L?$QK$Q?78<<;?K$&7$?@<$G;8=$CD5F$78$L=i6;?>E?$L?$h768><V?X$W:@=L:>=D@$=>@=@<?$@D;$758@@=R>8<=:>$F$78$B:6@=?$L?$@Dk?<@$>:>$@?D7?O?><$L=G=>@$O8=@$8D@@=$VDO8=>@X$?<$@:D7=R>?$78$G87?D;$U:;O?77?$L?$75?AB;?@@=:>$;c<VO=CD?$:D$OD@=E87?$=>L6B?>L8OO?><$LD$ON<;?X$E?$CD=$6<8=<$D>?$>:D-G?8D<6K$%?7:>$7D=$?>$?i?<X$34D>$B:NO?$}~�$?@<$D>?$?AB;?@@=:>$8@@Dk?<<=?$8D$ON<;?$:D$8D$;c<VO?X$CD=$8G?E$6789:;8<=:>$@567NG?$8D_L?@@D@$L?$78$B;:@?4H$]Q(X$T&&X$mdX$loc. cit.01$V0GE>"3(/34$#)5 […]


aKy(8$!"#"$!%&'X$D>?$34B;6B8;8<=:>$:;8<:=;?4H$8D$@?>@$78;R?

)G8><$L5678;R=;$?>E:;?$>:<;?$B?;@B?E<=G?X$>:D@$B;:E6L?;:>@$F$D>$L6<:D;$B8;$ \K$ |:DE8D7<$ ?<$ @8$ 7DO=>?D@?$ 8>87c@?$ L?$ 758@EN@?$ BV=7:@:BV=CD?$ :D$."+"$!%&'$ CD=X$ F$ B8;<=;$ LD$ @?>@$ E:>E;?<$ L?$ 34 B;6B8;8<=:>X$ 8;;8>R?O?><X$8;O?O?><4H$CD5?77?$;?Gv<8=<$F$75:;=R=>?X$8$E:>>D$F$75=>@<8;$L?$78$!"#"$!%&' D>$ =>x6EV=@@?O?><$ @6O8><=CD?$ B:D;$ @?$ @B6E=87=@?;$ L8>@$ 7?$ L:O8=>?$ L?$75348@EN@?4H$BV=7:@:BV=CD?K$#>$78$<;8LD=@8><$B8;$instructioX$%6>NCD?$@:D7=R>?$9=?>$ CD?$ 758@EN@?$ 8><=CD?$>5?@<$ B8@$ ;6LDE<;=E?X$O8=@$ E:>@<;DE<;=E?0n$ ?77?$ >?$>:D@$L6B:D=77?$B8@$L?$>:D@_OvO?@X$O8=@$>:D@$346CD=B?4H$?<$>:D@$34L:<?4HX$L?$U8s:>$F$>:D@$B?;O?<<;?$L?$34B;:<6R?;$7?$@:=$?<$L?$B8;G?>=;$kD@CD5F$7D=4H0ld. (?$B8;877N7?$?><;?$E?@$>:<=:>@$8BB8;<?>8><$F$D>?$OvO?$U8O=77?$7?A=E87?$>:D@$=>L=CD?X$@=$:>$7?$L6G?7:BB?X$CD?$O87R;6$@8$L6M>=<=:>$L58BB8;?>E?$;?@<;=E<=G?$?<$L?$<:D;>D;?$>6R8<=G?$]34756789:;8<=:>$?@<$75?AB;?@@=:>$CD=$E:>@=@<?$F$6G=<?;$78$<;=G=87=<64HJX$78$!"#"$!%&'$8$B:D;$G:E8<=:>$>:>$L?$;6LD=;?$7?$@<c7?$kD@CD5F$756BD;?X$O8=@$L?$7D=$U:D;>=;$8D$E:><;8=;?$758;@?>87$;V6<:;=CD?$E:OB:;<8><$<:D@$7?@$B;:E6L6@X$;c<VO?@$:D$MRD;?@$D<=7?@$F$78$<;8>@O=@@=:>$8L6CD8<?$LD$L=@E:D;@$?<$F$D>?$ ;6E?B<=:>$ U8G:;897?K$h:><;8=;?O?><$8DA$G?;<D@$L?$ 78$E78;<6X$L?$ 78$E:>G?>8>E?$?<$L?$78$E:>E=@=:>$CD=$@?$E:>E?><;?><$@D;$7?$<VNO?$LD$L=@E:D;@X$756789:;8<=:>$>:D@$ @?O97?$ <6O:=R>?;X$L?$ 78$B8;<$LD$ <V6:;=E=?>$Q=:RN>?$L?$b89c7:>=?X$L5D>?$B;=@?$?>$E:OB<?$;?O8;CD897?$>:>$@?D7?O?><$L?$758DL=<:=;?X$O8=@$8D@@=$L?$78$B?;@:>>?$L?$75:;8<?D;X$L:><$758L8B<8<=:>$8DA$E=;E:>@<8>E?@$e4E?<<?$%S!")+G"$@=$EVN;?$8DA$%<:PE=?>@$?>$R6>6;87X$?<$F$Q=:RN>?$?>$B8;<=ED-7=?;0l24e$?@<$8=>@=$8@@D;6?K

(8$!"#"$!%&'$;?B;6@?><?$L:>E$F$78$U:=@$D>?$U:;E?$L?$;68E<=:>$O8=@$8D@@=$L?$U;8BB?X$E8;$>:D@$>?$75?><?>L:>@$B8@$@D;$7?$O:L?$@<;=E<?O?><$L6U?>@=U$L?$758;RDO?><8<=:>$L=87?E<=CD?$<?>L8><$F$;?>U:;E?;$7?@$E:>G=E<=:>@$LD$9$,:+0("1 L?$@:;<?$CD5D>?$8<<8CD?$L?$@?@$8LG?;@8=;?@$>?$BD=@@?$7?@$69;8>7?;K$#>$E?$@?>@X$?77?$?><;?<=?><$D>?$8j>=<6$8G?E$ 7?$placere$CD=$ <;8LD=<$D>?$?@<V6<=CD?$ U:>E-<=:>>?77?X$L=@<=>E<?$L5D>$delectare$?AB;=O8><$78$;?EV?;EV?$L5D>?$?@<V6<=CD?$?>$@:=K$(8$BV=7:@:BV=?$@<:PE=?>>?$>58@B=;?$B?D<_v<;?$B8@$F$D>?$8BB8;?>E?$@:=R>6?$?<$8<<=;8><?X$O8=@$?77?$>5?AE7D<$B8@$D>$B78=@=;$L?$ ;6E?B<=:>$EV?t$ 758DL=<?D;K$W:D;$?>@?=R>?;X$=7$U8D<$8D@@=$B78=;?K$(?$98>>=@@?O?><$LD$placere$8D$B;:M<$LD$@?D7$docere$L8>@$78$L:E<;=>?$LD$W:;<=CD?$e$placere$CD?$7?@$%<:PE=?>@$:><$6<6$8EED@6@$L?$>6R7=R?;$<8><$L8>@$7?D;$L:E<;=>?$;V6<:;=CD?$CD?$L8>@$7?D;$?>@?=-

6/7),3[>>%#+0,3o3[5+&O>0,3>%#T <!"#">$!%&],3#;36090%)(B,34!Y%YE!&:"K$%D;$78$<V6:;=?$L?$h768><V?$6G:CD6?$B7D@$V8D<X$G:=;$%6>KX$Ep.X$2d[X$^_2d$]r$SVFX$&X$Z[lJK

ldK$\K$|:DE8D7<X$;<%($*&"()'0=)(#3)#1)Z('@#M,)$1#5)#M,667N(#3(#V$5"+(8#[\][4[\]^X$6L=<6$@:D@$78$L=;?E<=:>$L?$|K$#o87L$?<$)K$|:><8>8$B8;$|K$';:@X$W8;=@X$'877=O8;L�%?D=7X$Idd2X$BK4admK

l2K$%D;$7?$E:>E?B<$L5%S!")+G"$EV?t$7?@$%<:PE=?>@X$G:=;$h=EKX$Fin.X$&&&X$Z`$]r$SVFX$&&&X$̀ IZJ0n$ibid.X$&&&X$md_m2$]r$SVFX$&&&X$lmaJ0n$%<:96?X$Ecl.X$&&X$2d[X$`4{K$]r$SVFX$&&&X$madJX$:u$7?$%8R?$?@<$8BB?76$%z!")+0,K$hUK$W7D<KX$/(#)0$'@#*,$@X$&&X$ZZd4U$]r$SVFX$&X$al`JX$:u$75?@B;=<$L5F_B;:B:@$]#;3%z!")+05) E:><;=9D?$F$L6M>=;$78$$=8+0$R5EK$%D;$75%S!")+G"$EV?t$Q=:RN>?X$G:=;$WV=7:LNO?X$Rhét.X$&&X$BK4IIdX$l_I`X$E:7K4�T$%DLV8D@$]r$SVFX$&&&$Q=:RK42IIJK


R>?O?><$BV=7:@:BV=CD?$e$@5?AB7=CD?$L:>E$B?D<_v<;?$B8;$78$<V6:;=@8<=:>$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'$CD=$7?$E:OB?>@?;8=<$?>$B8;<=?K

)=>@=$?>G=@8R6?X$78$!"#"$!%&'$=>E8;>?$D>?$E8<6R:;=?$<;N@$:DG?;<?X$:u$75:>$B?D<$;8>R?;$<:D<$756CD=B?O?><$>6E?@@8=;?$F$348;O?;4H$7?$L=@E:D;@X$F$?>$U8=;?$D>$=>@<;DO?><$@:DB7?X$?jE8E?X$F$78$V8D<?D;$L?$<:D<?@$7?@$@=<D8<=:>@$?<$L?$<:D@$7?@$ =><?;7:ED<?D;@X$ 8O=@X$ 8LG?;@8=;?@X$ >6:BVc<?@$ :D$BV=7:@:BV?@X$ L69D<8><@$:D$B;:R;?@@8><@$B7D@$E:>M;O6@K$h?<<?$349:w<?$F$:D<=7@$@<c7=@<=CD?4H$B?;O?<$8D$L=@E=B7?$ @<:PE=?>$L5v<;?$B8;6$?>$ <:D<?@$E=;E:>@<8>E?@$?<$L?$>?$B8@$O8>CD?;$L5?><;8w>?O?><$?>$@8$CD87=<6$L5<()a#E,$e$D>$O:<$CD=$L6@=R>?$8D$@?>@$B;?O=?;$D>$34@=OB7?$B8;<=ED7=?;4HX$BD=@$D>$V:OO?$=R>:;8><$B8;$:BB:@=<=:>$F$<:D<?$B?;-@:>>?$?A?;E6?X$CD5=7$@58R=@@?$L5D>$:;8<?D;$L?$B;:U?@@=:>X$L5D>$@:7L8<X$L5D>$8<V-7N<?$:D$?>E:;?$L5D>$8;<=@8>$]#%M5G#E,)0lIK$W8;$E:><;8@<?$8G?E$E?<$<()=#)$>*, ?><?>LD$8D$@?>@$78;R?$E:OO?$D>?$3489@?>E?$L5?AB6;=?>E?4H$e$G:=;?$L?$O8w-<;=@?$<?EV>=CD?$]?#/M5=,J$L?$758;<$LD$L=@E:D;@X$L58B;N@$78$>:<=E?$L?$hc;=77?$eX$78$!"#"$!%&'$;?E:DG;?$7?$G8@<?$L:O8=>?$L?$78$34B;6B8;8<=:>4H$L?$75:;8<?D;0la ]?<$B7D@$B;6E=@6O?><$7?@$676O?><@$E:>E;?<@$E:>@<=<D<=U@$L?$E?<<?$B;6B8;8<=:>JX$<:D<$?>$<;8V=@@8><$L?$78$B8;<$L?@$%<:PE=?>@$78$;?E:>>8=@@8>E?$>:>$@?D7?O?><$L?$758@B?E<$<?EV>=CD?$L?$78$;V6<:;=CD?X$O8=@$8D@@=$L?$75?><;8w>?O?><$CD5?A=R?$E?<<?$ L=@E=B7=>?K$ &7$ c$ 8D;8=<$ L:>E$ 9=?>$ B78E?$ 8D$ @?=>$ LD$ W:;<=CD?$ B:D;$ D>$8BB;?><=@@8R?$L?@$B;:E6L6@$:;8<:=;?@$<;8L=<=:>>?7@X$8DA$E�<6@$L5D>?$E:>E?B-<=:>$B;:B;?O?><$BV=7:@:BV=CD?$L?$758;<$L?$B8;7?;K

)D$M7$L?$>:<;?$8>87c@?$L?$756789:;8<=:>X$>:D@$8G:>@$L:>E$GD$@?$R7=@@?;$78$B:@@=9=7=<6$B:D;$758;<$:;8<:=;?$@<:PE=?>$L?$>?$B8@$@?$E8><:>>?;$L8>@$D>?$@6EV?-;?@@?$8D@<N;?K$(8$;=EV?@@?$L?$78$L6M>=<=:>$L?$E?<<?$>:<=:>$;6@=L?$L8>@$@:>$8O9=-RDP<6$?<$@:>$78E:>=@O?X$B;6E=@6O?><X$BD=@CD5?77?$B?;O?<$D>?$R;8>L?$78<=<DL?$L5=><?;B;6<8<=:>$ ?>$ U:>E<=:>$ L?$ 756<8<$ L?$ 75:;8<?D;$ CD=$ 78$ B;8<=CD?01$ 78$ @?D7?$E:>E?@@=:>$F$75?@<V6<=CD?$B?;O=@?$F$D>$L69D<8><$E:>@=@<?;8$B?D<_v<;?$L8>@$7?$;?k?<$L?@$<?;O?@$<;=G=8DAX$@?7:>$D>$B;?O=?;$>=G?8D$L?$7?E<D;?X$<8>L=@$CD5D>$B;:-R;?@@8><$B7D@$8G8>E6$@?$G?;;8$8D<:;=@?;$D>?$B;8<=CD?$:;8<:=;?$O:=>@$L6B:D=776?X$B7D@$:;>6?X$?>$G?;<D$L5D>?$E:OB;6V?>@=:>$B7D@$78;R?$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'.

":<;?$6<DL?$@?$G:D78=<$B8;$8=77?D;@$D>?$L6E7=>8=@:>$8D@@=$?AV8D@<=G?$CD?$B:@@=97?$L?@$L=G?;@?@$8EE?B<=:>@$L?$E?$<?;O?$L8>@$78$;V6<:;=CD?$LD$W:;<=CD?K$)D$@?>@$B;?O=?;$L?$34E:>@<=<D<=:>4HX$ 78$!"#"$!%&'X$L8>@$ 7?$ 78>R8R?$L?$E?$CD?$75:>$8BB?77?$78$<V6:;=?$@<:PE=?>>?$L?@$E8<6R:;=?@$:D$L?@$R?>;?@$L?$75v<;?X$6CD=G8D<$ F$ 78$6/7),3.=,3[M0&$"X$ F$ 34 75?AB;?@@=:>$L=@B:@6?$ L5D>?$ E?;<8=>?$

lIK$W8;$;8BB:;<$F$D>$:;8<?D;$B;:U?@@=:>>?701$EUK$&@:E;KX$Contre les sophistesX$2Z0n$B8;$;8BB:;<$F$D>$@:7L8<01$+VDEKX$T&X$lI0n$�6>KX$?099@X$T&&&X$20n$B8;$;8BB:;<$F$D>$8<V7N<?01$�6>KX$Mém.X$&&&X$lX$l0n$);KX$ENX$&&&X$[X$[0n$B8;$;8BB:;<$F$D>$8;<=@8>01$(DE=?>X$Contre un ignorantX$I^K

laK$":D@$8G:>@$E=<6$B7D@$V8D<$D>$<6O:=R>8R?$@<:PE=?>$<;8>@O=@$B8;$%<:96?X$Ecl.X$&&X$lX$22O$]r4SVFX$&&&X$ammJX$CD=$=>@<8D;8=<$B;6E=@6O?><$D>?$6CD=G87?>E?$?><;?$!"#"$!%&'$?<$>%6/#EX$8D$@?>@$L534?A?;E=E?4HX$L534?><;8w>?O?><4HK


O8>=N;?4H$?>$G?;<D$L?$@8$B;6B8;8<=:>X$L?$@:>$6789:;8<=:>0lZK$Q?$OvO?$CD?$3478$@E=?>E?$?@<$78$B8;<=?$L=;?E<;=E?$L?$75zO?$L=@B:@6?$L5D>?$E?;<8=>?$O8>=N;?X$E:OO?$D>?$O8=>$L=@B:@6?$L5D>?$E?;<8=>?$O8>=N;?$?@<$D>$B:=>R0l`4HX$L?$OvO?$CD?$78$L=87?E<=CD?$?<$78$;V6<:;=CD?$@<:PE=?>>?@X$?>$<8><$CD?$@E=?>E?@$?<$@?7:>$78$E67N9;?$=O8R?$t6>:>=?>>?X$@:><$EV8ED>?$3478$O8=>$L=@B:@6?$L5D>?$E?;<8=>?$O8>=N;?4 H$ ]M%G+3.=,3[M0&$"J$ e$B8DO?$:DG?;<?$B:D;$ 78$ ;V6<:;=CD?X$B:=>R$U?;O6$B:D;$78$L=87?E<=CD?$eX$78$E78;<6X$78$E:>E=@=:>X$78$E:>G?>8>E?$?<$756789:-;8<=:>$@?$L6M>=@@?><$EV8ED>?$E:OO?$6/7),3.=,3[M0&$"X$34?AB;?@@=:>$L=@B:-@6?$L5D>?$E?;<8=>?$O8>=N;?4H$]:DX$L8>@$7?$E8@$L?$78$R;6E=<6X$E:OO?$8+K$),3.=,3[M0&$"X$34O:L?$L5?AB;?@@=:>$L=@B:@6$L5D>?$E?;<8=>?$O8>=N;?4HJK$)D@@=$Q=:RN>?X$?>$6789:;8><$D>?$<V6:;=?$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'X$8_<_=7$E:>E=7=6$7?@$=OB6-;8<=U@$L5D>$@<c7?$@=OB7?X$@:9;?$G:=;?$E:>E=@X$8G?E$D>?$E?;<8=>?$6789:;8<=:>$CD=$L:=<X$8D$OvO?$<=<;?$CD?$7?@$CD8<;?$8D<;?@$G?;<D@$@<c7=@<=CD?@X$8EE:OB8R>?;$<:D<$9:>$L=@E:D;@K$Q?$E?$@?>@$B;?O=?;$L?$34E:>@<=<D<=:>4H$?<$L?$L=@B:@=<=:>$678-9:;6?$L?$75?AB;?@@=:>X$>:D@$B8@@:>@$8D$L?DA=NO?$@?>@$L?$78$!"#"$!%&'X$E?7D=$L534?><;8w>?O?><4HX$8DCD?7$U8=<$6EV:$78$>:<=:>$L?$>%6/#E$CD=$?>$?@<$@:DG?><$7?$@c>:>cO?K$h?<<?$348@EN@?4H$]."+"$!%&'J$@<c7=@<=CD?$8D$@?>@$6<cO:7:R=CD?$8$B:D;$E:;:778=;?$75=L6?$L5346CD=B?O?><4HX$?>$75:EED;;?>E?$L5D>$8;@?>87$;V6<:-;=CD?$L?@<=>6$F$U8G:;=@?;$D>?$<;=B7?$8L8B<8<=:>$LD$L=@E:D;@$e$8D$<VNO?$<;8=<6$9=?>$@�;X$O8=@$8D@@=$F$75:;8<?D;X$OD>=$L?@$:D<=7@$7D=$B?;O?<<8><$L?$U8=;?$U8E?$F$<:D<?@$7?@$E=;E:>@<8>E?@$CD?7@$CD?$@:=?><$7?@$=><?;7:ED<?D;@$:D$7?@$@=<D8<=:>@$L56>:>E=8<=:>X$?<$?>M>$F$758DL=<:=;?X$CD5=7$>?$U8D<$=>E:OO:L?;$>=$B8;$D>$78>-R8R?$;?7zEV6$>=$B7D@$R6>6;87?O?><$B8;$L?$x8R;8><?@$L6ME=?>E?@$<?EV>=CD?@$?<$ D>$O8>CD?$L?$B;6B8;8<=:>K$ (58EE?B<=:>$L534 :;>?O?><8<=:>4 H$ >8w<$ L?$ E?$B8@@8R?$L5D>?$L6M>=<=:>$;?@<;=E<=G?$e$7?$;?k?<$L?$<:D<$<()=#)$>*,4e$F$D>?$678-9:;8<=:>$@<c7=@<=CD?$?>G=@8R6?$L?$O8>=N;?$B:@=<=G?X$<:D;>6?$G?;@$75?jE8E=<6$?<$758R;6O?><$]8D$L:D97?$@?>@$L58EE:;L$?<$L?$B78=@=;J$LD$BD97=EK

%:BV=?$)��_b�f��Université Stendhal-Grenoble 3 – Translatio

lZK$%D;$ 75=><?;B;6<8<=:>$L67=E8<?$L?$E?<<?$E8<6R:;=?$LD$.=,3[M05$ ]7=<<K$ 34E?$CD=$?@<$L=@B:@6$L5D>?$E?;<8=>?$O8>=N;?4HJX$78$<;:=@=NO?$L?@$CD8<;?$34E8<6R:;=?@$@<:PE=?>>?@4HX$7?@$L?DA$B;?O=N;?@$6<8><$7?$@D9@<;8<$]f.0!%G>%505J$?<$78$EV:@?$CD87=M6?$].0)*5JX$?<$78$L?;>=N;?$E:>@=@<8><$L8>@$E?$CD=$?@<$L=@B:@6$L5D>?$E?;<8=>?$O8>=N;?$?>$;?78<=:>$8G?E$CD?7CD?$EV:@?$].+*,3#G3.=,3[M05JX$>:D@$;?>G:c:>@$F$%K$\?>>X$ 34+V?$%<:=E$ <V?:;c$:U$E8<?R:;=?@4 HX$OSAPhX$2lX$2^^^X$BK4I2`_IZl0n$gK_bK$':D;=>8<X$La dialectique des stoïciens, op. cit.X$BK42I^_2am0n$gK$b;D>@EVo=RX$34%<:=E$O?<8BVc@=E@4HX$in$ bK$ &>o::L$ ]?LKJX$The Cambridge Companion to the StoicsX$ h8O9;=LR?X$ h8O9;=LR?$!>=G?;@=<c$W;?@@X$IddaX$BK4Idm_IaI$]BK4IIl_IaIJ0n$)K\K$&:BB:7:X$34(?$E8<?R:;=?$L?7$.=,3[M05$?<$L?7$.+*,3#G3.=,3[M05$>?77:$%<:=E=@O:$8><=E:4HX$in$#K$h8>:>?$]?LKJX$W('5:10+58#6,N0+58#:6,1,:5#3(665#"5')$5-.#0#'($*0"0#3(66(#+5'(N,$0(#5$01','(60+%(#356#*,"3,#5"'0+,#566<('_#*,3($"5@#H(*0"5$0#30#'($*0",6,N05#:6,1,-:+5#3(66<`1'0')',#9($#06#6(110+,#0"'(66('')56(#()$,9(,#(#1',$05#3(66(#03((8#M,"10N60,#"5R0,"56(#3(66(#$0+($+%(8#T,*58#N(""50,4*5NN0,#âab-.#5''0X$(8$%B?t=8X$)R:;8$#L=t=:>=X$IddZX$BK4ma_l[K

l`K$%#X$2?X$&&X$[2$]89@?><$L?@$SVFJ01$\3(B34.)$#'>E3.=,3[M053\9%>05)!;53q$.%+3!"@3\3.=,3[M0&$"3M%@+3.&9>'F3#;3(B3\9%>05)!;53$Z>"$]<;8LDE<=:>$L?$WK$W?77?R;=>JK$hUK$%#X$AMX$T&&X$a[_Z`$]r$SVFX$&&X$2aIJK

R E V U EDE

P H I L O L O G I EDE LITTÉRATURE ET D’HISTOIRE ANCIENNES

TOME 87

2013FASCICULE 1

K L I N C K S I E C K

FAS

CIC

UL

E 1

RE

VU

E D

E P

HIL

OL

OG

IET

OM

E 8

7

ISSN 0035-1652ISBN 978-2-252-03960-1

SOMMAIRE

Sophie AUBERT-BAILLOTUne singularité rhétorique : la vertu stoïcienne de l’élaboration (!"#"$!%&') ................................................................................................... 7

Marie AUGIERSur le sens de ()"!*+%&$), dans un règlement du IIIe siècle après J.-C. de l’île de Rhodes ................................................................................................ 27

Francesca Romana BERNO

Avere la morte fra le mani. Nota a Sen., Epist. 51, 9 ............................... 37Éric DIEU

L’étymologie de l’adjectif grec -%$./$)0, ....................................................... 41Mathieu ENGERBEAUD

La Bataille d’Ausculum (279 av. J.-C.), une défaite romaine ? .................. 61Antoine FOUCHER

L’hiatus interlinéaire dans les élégies de Tibulle ...................................... 81Sébastien MORLET

La Préparation évangélique d’Eusèbe et les Stromates perdus d’Origène : nouvelles considérations ............................................................................... 107

Yann RIVIÈREL’interdiction de l’eau, du feu… et du toit (sens et origine de la désigna-tion du bannissement chez les romains) ...................................................... 125

Pierre VESPERINI

Marc Aurèle, la « vérité héroïque » et la mélancolie ................................. 157

BULLETIN BIBLIOGRAPHIQUE ................................................................................... 173

RÉSUMÉS / ABSTRACTS ............................................................................................ 197

CV_RPH87-1.indd 1 09/02/2015 16:07

Une singularité rhétorique : la vertu stoïcienne de l’élaboration (kataskeue)

Documents