Understanding Taqlid of the Four (4) Imams

8/8/2019 Understanding Taqlid of the Four (4) Imams

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UNDERSANDING aqld

FOLLOWING ONE OF HEFOUR GREA IS

UFI UHAAD SAJAAD

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CONENS

Introduction

Chapter One: he basic argument or taqld 4

L 4

T 8

S 9

L 10

Chapter wo: he Evolution o taqld and ollowing the

our great imms 11

S 1

F () 15

T S C 16

G Sk Sk 19

A 20T j U Sk 21

J B Sk 27

T S 29

T E S

0

Appendix 33F Oj A S Oj 4A 4T Oj 5A 5

I A H

' k 7

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Understanding aqld

:

INRODUCION

W . I (H, k, S H)

S I.D j, k . F, I k kf J I A-H , f Sz . A , k . .

Sj15 D-Q 141 ah

24 O 2010


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Understanding aqld

4

CHAER ONE: HE BASIC ARGUEN FOR AQLD

k ( I GzAl-Mustas, .579). T - , D. T - , k ; . A k ,

k k. R, . I I , . I , H Q S .

T j, I . I , , , f . T j,

-, f j. T .

LAyEN ARE NO SCHOLARS

T Q S ,

- , .


5/40

Understanding aqld

5

, I S - A , (ulm al-hadth) A (ilmal-balgha), Q (tasr), k j (usl al-qh) . - . T k .

T, A ,

D S -Bk H Q, . T j j E. H

j D, ? A ,

A . W , . , k.

k : O , , , , k. (Q 5:6)

T . J A j ww (). -A, j .H, ww E. E

j k I S I A H . I A H, , j

(mut

laq al-jam). B , : Z (ww)Bk :


6/40

Understanding aqld

6

1. Z Bk,2. Bk Z,. .

T ww I A H.O j ww (tartb). I , ww .T, Z . T I A H, ,

. I S ,

j, : , , . I k, . T j .

T

D , , k

.

I , I , , k

, ; ? F , , , .

I , k

k. A A A ,


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Understanding aqld

7

k . H k , , . O , f k , . T k. F, . (ibrat al-nass , iqtidal-nass .)? Tf,

: ,

? N , k .T k . F, , .

I , , - . O D D, k , . I . T, , D , ,

j, k , , . T . A (nuss), , A ,I

:


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Understanding aqld

8

k , ? (Q, 9:122)

F, , f , ,N !

T k j ,

, . T . W D C, .

HE GREANESS OF HE EARLy SCHOLARS OER HE

LAER SCHOLARS

O k , ?

F, - I A H, S, k,A - , A . H , T , , . F, S , H Q S. N k

.


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Understanding aqld

9

T, - D, . , , . I IRj -H j . H . H k A -S. H k : Al Radal man ittabaa ghayr al-Madhhib al-Arbaa(R ). H

: Bayn Fad

l ilm -l-Sala al ilm l-Khala (TE E K K S). B k I k .O S I IRj , ,

S ?

SUNN SCHOLARS RACISED AQLD OF HE FOUR SCHOOLS

T , (muhaddithn)

j (uqah) , k . T k I , I DSiyar Alam al-Nubal (abaqt kutubal-rijl). I I , I I Hj, D, , Rz, J, N,

, .


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Understanding aqld

10

C, A , (muhaddithn)

j (uqah), k . J k , .N, k , j t k . F ,

A I, ?

, A , A (S )

LEAING AQLD IS AN INNOAION

W , ? T ( , f Q S) A. B , , C N A , . A S ( k , jj ),

, , , , , , ,


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Understanding aqld

11

. : k , .T, j k . F , k SA H Zd al-Mustaqni Rawdat al-Nzir. H k , - ? H, H Q k

. T - ( ), .

H, - S k , I ,

.

CHAER WO: HE EOLUION OF AQLD ANDFOLLOWING HE FOUR GREA IS

I I, .T C (S) F () C . T C F () k D . T , , .

A H Q:O ! O A

, (S -N: 59). I A j, (),


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Understanding aqld

12

I j k H Q S, ( asr al-abar, .8 . 499-501 Al-asr al-Kabr I Fk -D -

Rz, .5 . 115-120). H, C F

j .E H Q, A , Ak

k (S -A: 7). T , k , . T, t , ,

I, : Lk Q k .

A S AD. T : , k k. T k C j . I , C

j . I , k j . T k, tayammum( ) . H .H, C . W , , k , W k k ? k k. I tayammum k .

T C k. D , k . R

. I k


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Understanding aqld

1

D k , . T , , D.

T, j DIy I , j (wjib) S .

A S -Bk. T A , W A

, H (qh) D.T A D.T, k D . I . H, ,

, Q S .

AQLD IN HE AGE OF HE SAHBA

T k C A C. W j . f U k j Te Legal Status o Following a Madhab:

1. A A -A jj ( ihrm). O , U

k . U umra (... ),


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Understanding aqld

14

ihrm, , jj k . I , A A k . T . (Muwtt Imm Mik)

2. O U

ihrm ( , ihrm). U k . . U , y . I k , k ihrm (

). R .(Muwtt Imm Mik)

T , D, U .

. O

A I J y .W y, k D. T . F , k : . H , f . (Shh -Bukhr)

4. W S k (). I S -Bk Ik k I A t (.. awal-wad , ?). I A , S . T , W

Z ( T). (S

-Bk)


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Understanding aqld

15

. F, (taqld shakhs) Z I T , S. S, I A .

5. T C I k, MusannaAbd al-Razzq(I h A -N thar al-Sunan, 997 .280). A A I H

A -A . S -

k k . H , Ak A-A. T () , Ak I , k .S - k I , H k (allhu akbar), . Af k (ruk). T,

(raka), k f . A, C . T : , .

aqld IN HE AGE OF HE FOLLOWERS BIN

S F () fer. I Al-L Madhhabiyyahakhar bidat tuhaddid al-Sharat al-Islmiyyah (N- S), .15: A , A A R j ( ) kk. T , N

, j .


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Understanding aqld

16

I , k : - (taqld ghayrshakhs) (taqld shakhs). T .. - k I . T . H, (taqld shakhs) C F . T H k, (

I ), , A, . .

O k k . A ,

, j. A j j ( j ).T k ; j k, ,

k D. I A j .

HE SAGE OF CONSOLIDAION

T

, , ()


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Understanding aqld

17

. T : I A H (80-150 ah) I k A (9-179 ah) I I -S (150-204 ah) I A

H

(164-241 ah)I k

, , j . B , j . B

, , . T

, . H , , D, A : I U R U (S A-Hj: 9).

T j

, k . F , , . T , , , . O , . J , , k , . T k , . T k .

T S I.A I


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Understanding aqld

18

, , .

I - ( ) . T j S . F j D k :

I A - (S)I A J - (H)

I Fk -D -Rz (S)I I A -B (k)I A Zk -N (S)I A Bk J (H)I I Rj (H)I I -H (H)I A I -S (k)

I I H

j -A (S)I A -A -Q (k)I B -D -A (H)I J -D -S (S)I I R (k)I A-D (S)I I Q (H)

T k . E - I , , . F , ., , , . O , S


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Understanding aqld

19

. A H :A (S A-B: 286). H, , S -A.

I k j, . I ,Al-

Jami, . I - S k, , -

I .W , k

D, .H , k . T k - k taqld ghayr shakhs. B

, k , . E , , .

AQLD GHAyR SHAKHSI O AQLD SHAKHS

A , . T k k j . I , , , f

. T


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Understanding aqld

20

, T . I , , . I S W , Af , . . (S Al-Ins Bayn Asbb al-Ikhtil,.70)

ISLEADING ANOALIES

H, I k j (taqld ghayr shakhs) (taqld shakhs) . B , ; k .

T , k f , k. I D k taqld shakhs( ) , , j, .

F, taqld ghayr shakhs

, j. , k , . A j .

T ,Ak [.. k] k (S A: 7). B,

. T Al-Fiqh al-Islm


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Understanding aqld

21

:A . H : Ak k (S A: 7). (Al-Fiqh al-Islm, .1 .94)

T j A (taqld mutlaq). - - (anw ard): taqld ghayr shakhs(- ) taqld shakhs( ).

T, (wjib), . I , S A

k , . I k . A taqld ghayr shakhs, , j .

HE AJORIy OF ULEA ON AQLD SHAKHS

k I . H, k , H Q S. O - I . T I , , . E - , Sk S U Al-Us

l min ilm al-Us

l . I


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Understanding aqld

22

, HQ S k . I .

A - , .

T, taqld shaks ,

j A -S -J taqld shaks -

. T k D , .

I D Siyar Alam al-Nubal IHz Z , I j,

I , I : . W j - , , j j Q j. H j? W ? O ?H ? (.18, .191)

I I -H, k j - , H Fathal-Qadr, Al-Hidya:(A ) jT j j . T, j

. (Fath

al-Qadr,.6 .60)


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Understanding aqld

2

I N Al-Majm Sharh Al-Muhadhdhab:T , I A-H ( I -H A-J). A k j

j . T , -k . H , . U, - . T

, . T, . (Al-Majm SharhAl-Muhadh-dhab,.1 .9)

I S , S

, Al-Mzn al-Kubr:y (O ) , H (Al-Mzn al-Kubr,vo.1,.55)

Sk S -S Fath al-Aliyy al-Malik l-Fatw al Madhhab al-Imm Mlik:

A j -, jA (wjib) (Fath al-Aliyy al-Malik l-Fatw alMadhhab al-Imm Mlik, pg.40-41)

I uh at al-Muhtj Sharh al-Minhj, Sk -IA I Hj -H :T j,


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Understanding aqld

24

. (A : ), - . (uhatal-Muhtj Sharh al-Minhj,.12 .491)

I - k ,Al-Miyr al-Murib an Fatw Ahl al-Irqiyya wa l-Undulus wa l-Maghrib, I A -W :I . I

. (.11 .16-164)

T , I Al-Ihkm Usl al-Ahkm:T j, (ulm) j, j

k j , (al-muhaqqiqn min l-usliyyn). I z B , - j . (.4 .278)

I Z -K, H j j Sk -I O E,

-, Al-L Madhhabiyya Qantarat al-L Dnyya (N- -):T , , : j ,

j, -j . T k


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Understanding aqld

25

z. T ( ) S j , k - j. ( Al-Maqlt al-Kawthar, .224-225)

I S Jam al-Jawmi, IA-J S -D - :A -- (.. ) k j j (iltizm madhhaban muayyanan

min madhhib al-mujtahidn) . (Kitb al-Ijtihd, .9)

I R A G, j - , Fatw Rashdya:W - (taqld

ghayr shakhs) -

- (wjib li-ghayrih) - , , A, - . (.205)

I A -H -Lk Majmat al-Fatw, f :O j, () , , . I , . (..195)

I I Rj -H

k,Al RadalMan ittabaa Ghayr al-Madhhib al-Arbaa:


26/40

Understanding aqld

26

j, , . A -j, . (.6)

I k ,Marqi al-S

ad, :() k j, (j) - ( j) (.9). H : E- () j .

I j H Q,Al-Jmi li-Ahkm al-Qurn, I Q S A:T -- (al-mma) , : Ak k. T

. S, k D, - . (.11 .181)

I Al-Misbh Rasm l-Muf wa Manhij al-Iftht the interntiony renowne jurist Muti i Usmni sys:

T , j , k j -k, . T - , .(.1, . 251-252)

Sk

S

U Al-Us

lmin Ilm al-Usl :


27/40

Understanding aqld

27

k ; , , A : Ak k (S N: 4). (.68)

Sk

S

U , -- j. H , -

j. T , , A .

, - A, E.

JURISIC BASIS FOR AQLD SHAKHS ALONE BEING

OBLIGAORy

I k . A , k (- ) . T k , .

T (taqld ghayr shakhs) , .T D k D . T j k .L , - . ,

, .


28/40

Understanding aqld

28

T Q . T H Q : H k (Q 45:2).

B , - k k j- . S,k , .

R

. H, - , . F , S- k H (wud) , . I

, .T j H , I I

- . T I A H . T (ra al-yadayn) ,

. T . W H j A Bk -Jzj , , A , I ( ) f D, f .

I S j . H ,

S - takl( -

) , .


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Understanding aqld

29

HE SAE WE ARE IN

I k I S, j S , .W - . L - I , - A I -,

I. W - (rib) , , , S, ( - Sk A K, A-jA-H, kk). B k -- I k-

. A H Q S. I - HQ S, .

T, k D k . C, k . T , (G-) , .


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Understanding aqld

0

HE EIDENCE FOR SCHOLARS DECLARING SOEHINGWHICH WAS REIOUSLy ERISSIBLE AS UNLAWFUL

T j ,

S , - D. F , I . H, j , k , . T, k .

A U H Q. T A A H Q - A, .D , A - . S f , I , A A. T

I I -A Bk A. I U - . W . T, U , HQ , C . H .

S, j , , . T, ,

. T


31/40

Understanding aqld

1

, S k- (sadd al-dhari), - .

A j k , . I S

Muwaqt(.4 .66) I Q (ijm) .I A Z Usl al-Fiqh(.25) . T k . I ,

k . I , . I , , . I -.

A j k (saddal-dhari) . I , (muqadimat al-wjibi wjib), (m l ya-timm al-wjib ill bih a huwa wjib). I , A . H,

, -. T, , .

A ( ) H Q zk. I k zk , ( zk) ,

zk , k zk . T,


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Understanding aqld

2

k zk , j, zk, .

T, , H Q, taqld ghayr shakhs. S, S taqld shakhs. F, , - , taqld shakhs .

T - , k, . f . (F , :Jawhir al-Fiqh f S; Qawid Ulm al-Fiqh Sk H A K ( IZ A UIl al-Sunan);Al-Kalm al-Mud Ithbt al-aqld Sz K S; Te Legal Status o Followinga Madhhab f U;Al-L Madhhabiyyah akhar bidat tuhaddidal-Sharat al-Islmiyya Sk R -Bt. I E, A Z, T F I )


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Understanding aqld

AENDIX

A j H , j .

FIRS OBJECION

I A H , , , I -, . I ,

H

, j I A H .

ANSWER

F, -

, - I A H . W I AH , f , - Q , .

I I A H -

f - .A ra al-yadayn ( ) S -Bk S . H I A H f , . H, k I Az kk , A -Q(.5-8).

I A H

k A -


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Understanding aqld

4

C f A . H I A

. T I A

H k , .. , k , . T, - , .

I , I , ,

. T , j I A H . T , .

SECOND OBJECION

A j, j, H - I A H. T,

, I A H .

ANSWER

A, - .T - k ,

. T,


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Understanding aqld

5

, . B , j j . ..

. F-, j k Q S k D S -Bk , .

Sk AA T

Ashra al-Jawb, .211:W , () . T , , . W ? y . y (marjh). O

- . A , IA H, .A , I A H - ( k A Bk ,

, , ,, A ). I , .

HIRD OBJECION

A j I A H (


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Understanding aqld

6

), . T, k S A .

ANSWER

I I A H k k . I I A H , (hfz al-hadth). H

A

A R

kk , A .S, .

K, I , . j C I A K -

. A Z -K, Fiqh Ahl al-Iraq A ZNasb al-Rya,

.1, .16-18 - K, k . T : US (. 72 ah), A (. 74 ah), Z H

(. 82 ah), AA -R

-S (. 74 ah), S G (. 82 ah), A Q (. 82 ah), (. 6 ah) . T, kk, ,S I k I.C, I , .

A I A H (

) ( - ). T I


37/40

Understanding aqld

7

A , f . I k Al-Imm al-Azam Ab Hana Wa-l-Tuniyyt Masndih, Sk A -Azz -S, j ( ) I . T k , (), Ss Bk , ( , I Bk - ).

T I A H

, j .

ESIONIES REGARDING I AB HANFA'S GREANESS IN KNOWLEDGE

F, I A H

k k , - , , - I A H f :

K , I k

A H

. (Manqib Ab H

ana, .28)

I A D , A k.H . A S . H . A A H. H . (Jami Baynal-ilm wa adlih, .21)

I - . T,

I A D' I A H

.


38/40

Understanding aqld

8

kk I , IBk, , "H k ."(ahdhb al-ahdhb, 10, .451)

I y

S -Q , W

A H . (Al-Bidya wa l-Nihya, .1, .418)

I y S -Q I A H,y , A - .F, -k

I A H, IA H k.

A H D,A k , I k . H , I A H

A H

S [... T], I k . (Al-Bidya wa l-Nihya, .1, .418)

I y , A H (thiqa). H -, (Al-ahdhb, .10 .450). H , I -

k. (Al-Intiq, .127) F, , - : , A H, k Az. (Al-Bidya wal-Nihya, .1, .418)

A - , A H: Ik . H , (l basa bih). (Al-Jawhir al-Muda, vol.1 pg.29)


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Understanding aqld

9

A, A H k k . H, . , D, I K, N I H

j I A H

. I , I D , O SkA -Hjjj (.. zz) - (I A H) k. ID adhkirat al-Huz,

k - , k, . H - I A H k. I D I, F , I: AH... (Siyar Alm al-Nubal, .6 .90). I Hk N Maria Ulm al-Hadth I A H (thiqt) F-

() ... (.240)I S -D I A -H - -H kAl-Mukhtasar abaqt Ulam l-Hadth j . H -: T k () j (huz) C , F () f . A

k

. A , I A H.I A -B ,

T A H . (Jami Bayn al-ilm wa

adlih, .2 .149)

IA H

k. I Kitb al-Ilal IA H , I


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Understanding aqld

J -J A A R. I AH j Z A k, - S T. I I A H .

I , I A H , . W - I K: W j k (... ),

k , j .

A H D, H - , , S U, S j- D. .

Understanding Taqlid of the Four (4) Imams

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