Understanding Childhood • Objectives: – Compare childhood in the past and present. – Outline the leading ideas about how children develop. – Describe five principles of development. – Explain influences on development. – Explain the role of self-esteem in development. • Vocabulary: – Adolescence – Developmental Tasks – Environment – Heredity – Self – Esteem – Sequence Assignment: Find a partner, define each of the following vocabulary words. - 10 minutes
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Understanding Childhood Objectives: – Compare childhood in the past and present. – Outline the leading ideas about how children develop. – Describe five.
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Understanding Childhood• Objectives:
– Compare childhood in the past and present.– Outline the leading ideas about how children develop.– Describe five principles of development.– Explain influences on development.– Explain the role of self-esteem in development.
Work Expected to work at an early age. Laws against child labor, children most likely help around the house or get a “part-time” job at 16 years old.
Play Fewer toys, homemade toys made of natural materials.
More toys, newer technology.
Education Not everyone attended school or stopped at an early age.
Free public education for all.
Health High mortality rate with child birth, many wide spread diseases, poor nutrition.
Low mortality rate with child birth, diseases are controlled, better health care options for all, better nutrition and education.
Dress Children dressed as small adults, less available clothing.
Children dress in practical, light, washable clothing material, children have a wide variety of clothing options.
Parental Love A parent’s love has not changed. A parent’s love has not changed.
The Study of Children• Many researchers have studied children
closely. • See chart on page 30 – 31:
Childhood now has changed drastically from the past.
• Identify one childhood change that stands out for you.
• Why is this change significant?
Major Theorist of Child Development • Why do we study the major theorists?– Theories of development provide a framework for
thinking about human growth, development, and learning.
– If you have ever wondered about what motivates human thought and behavior, understanding these theories can provide useful insight into ourselves, parenting, children, and our society.
Major Theorist of Child Development • Sigmund Freud
Major Theorist of Child Development • Jean Piaget • Lev Vygotsky • Erik Erikson• B.F Skinner• Albert Bandura • Robert Coles
Let’s Read about these theorist on
page 30 – 31.
What Researcher Have Found• Characteristics of Development– Characteristics of development:• Development is similar for everyone• Builds on earlier learning – sequence • Individual rate• Different areas are interrelated
– Influences of development:• Heredity• Environment
Lifelong Growth and Development• Development after childhood:– Each stage of life has particular challenges –
development tasks– Adolescence – finding your identity, becoming
independent, planning for your life’s work, etc.– Adulthood – career, establishing your roots,
reevaluating life’s choices, stability and peace. • The role of self-esteem in development:– Self-esteem – how you value yourself.– How you value yourself may influence one’s life
choices.
Lifelong Growth and Development• How many of you have thought about your
next stage? – College, careers, etc…
• What childhood experiences influenced these thoughts?