UNCLASSIFIED//FOUO Government Civilian Programs Moderator: CPT Mike Adams Presenters: Neilesh Shelat: USAID/CFSOCC-A DEVAD/VSNCC Kristin Cairn: USAID

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Government Civilian Programs

Moderator: CPT Mike Adams Presenters:

Neilesh Shelat: USAID/CFSOCC-A DEVAD/VSNCCKristin Cairn: USAID/ SOTF-W DEVAD

George Hale: Former USAID/ SOTF-S and SE DEVADMeredith Wotten: USAID OTIGuy Ewald: FAF Development

Need Names: Regional DAT/PATs

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Agenda

• Introductions • USAID Overview • Development Agency Disposition • Interagency Relationships • Planning for the use of civilian AID assets/

Open discussion

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Terminal Learning Objective #2

• USAID’s current plan for Afghan development going into transition how this will impact at the provincial and district level contrasted with USAID’s past approach.

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Neilesh ShelatUSAID

SOF Academic WeekOrlando, FL March 2012

First and foremost, our SOF have been outstanding to work with. There is an enormous amount of common ground and mutual interests between SOF

and USAID and our skills sets are (perhaps somewhat surprisingly) entirely complimentary. (USAID RC-N)

USAID has a long and productive history working with SF, from the Vietnam CORDS program to El Salvador to Africa to the present.  We have the

opportunity to write a new and fruitful chapter.  (USAID-RC-S)

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USAID Field Officer• 2007: Helmand, Kandahar & Herat •2008-2009: Ghazni PRT (US/US & US/Polish)•2009-2010: Wardak FOB /Sayedebad DST (US/Turkish)•2010-2011: Kabul/DevAd to CFSOCC-A •2011-2012: Washington DC Afghanistan Desk•2012-2013: Back to Afghanistan

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Essentials on USAID - www.usaid.gov

• Who are we?• How do we work?• Where are we?

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USAID Assistance Supports Afghan and US StrategyPresident’s Strategy

The core goal of the U.S. is to disrupt, dismantle, and defeat al Qaeda and its safe havens in Pakistan, and to prevent their return to Pakistan or Afghanistan, as well as to pursue a more effective civilian strategy in Afghanistan which will ensure that:

the Afghan population is free to determine its future; the government has the monopoly on the use of force; citizens recognize the government as legitimately representative of their interests; and, the government is able to provide basic

requirements for population and confidence to pursue broader development objectives.

COM ISAF StrategyISAF, in partnership with GIRoA,

conducts population-centric counterinsurgency operations,

enables an expanded and effective ANSF, and supports

improved governance and development in order to protect the Afghan people and provide

a secure environment for sustainable stability.

USAID’s StrategyUSAID supports the development of a politically inclusive system of governance that provides security and freedom of

movement, justice for serious crimes and facilitation of peaceful resolution of conflicts, delivery of some basic services, and creation of an enabling environment for economic growth.

SRAP Af/Pak Stabilization Strategy

In Afghanistan, our focus is building the capacity of Afghan institutions

to withstand and diminish the threat posed by extremism, and to deliver high-impact economic assistance – especially in the agricultural sector – to create

jobs, reduce the funding that the Taliban receives from poppy

cultivation, and draw insurgents off the battlefield.

Afghan National Development Strategy (ANDS)

By 2020, the ANDS aims to create: a stable Islamic constitutional democracy at peace with itself and its neighbors,

standing with full dignity in the international family; a tolerant, united, and pluralistic nation that honors its

Islamic heritage and the deep seated aspiration toward participation, justice,

and equal rights for all; a society of hope and prosperity based on a strong,

private-sector led market economy, social equity, and environmental

sustainability.

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Transition

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GIRoA Spending Expectations are Inconsistent with Future Budget Restrictions

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*Source GIRoA 1389 Budget, (Total Pending = Operational Budget + Development Budget)** Source: Afghan National Development Strategy 2008-2013, (Budgeted Core + External Expenditure)

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Before Troop Reduc-tion (1998)

After Troop Reduction (2002)

0

50

100

150

200

250

Haiti

Recent Cases Show a Sharp Decrease in U.S. Development Assistance Once International Military Drawdown Begins

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• Following the withdrawal or significant reduction in troop levels, Iraq, Kosovo, Haiti, and Bosnia saw significant decreases in development assistance levels.

Before Troop Reduc-tion ( 2000)

After Troop Reduction (2003)

0

50

100

150

200

Kosovo

10

Before Troop Reduc-tion (1996)

After Troop Reduction (2001)

0

50

100

150

200

250

Bosnia

60% decrease

52% decrease

43% decrease

Before Troop Reduction (2003)

After Troop Reduction

(2009)

-

500

1,000

1,500

2,000Iraq

69% decrease

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Other issues affecting USAID implementation

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•Different contracts•Delegation of Authorities

•Quick Response Funds (QRF)•Public Diplomacy grants (PD)•Afghan Women’s Empowerment Grants•Ambassador’s Small Grants Fund

•No dedicated funds, but can tap into CERP/DoS/USAID•Provision of advice to CERP/DoS/USAID on how to spend ag-related project funds

Commanders Emergency Response Program

Battalion, PRT, CJSOTF, DST

The Interagency

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Who else is out there?

• PRTs• DSTs• ADTs• USACE• NGOs

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The other funders in your AO who must spend their money and may/may not coordinate

You

US Maneuver

CERP

US Special Forces CERP

US PRT CERP

US ADT CERP

USAID

DoS QRF and other

GrantsNGOs

Non-US Mil entities

INL

Intel

Army Corps of

Engineers

Other Countries

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What to expect when you get out there

Kandahar Baghlan Zabul Daikundi

USAID Several 1 2 0**

DoS Several 0 2 0**

USDA >3 0 1 0**

ADT 0 0 1 0**

RoL >2 0 0 0**

PRT 1 Hungarian 1 0**

Bn 1 0 0 0**

VSCC 1 0 0 0**

DAT/PAT ? 2 0 2

Platform 1 0 0 0**

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Pitfalls

• You wanting a project more than the Afghans wanting a project• Being an ‘expert’ in your technical area• Dealing with non-US PRTs/military/governments• Projects started vs projects completed• Project monitoring stopping at the ribbon cutting• Assuming the Afghans will “take it over” when you leave• Buy-in vs acknowledgement (having an Afghan at the table)• Being a believer in, “if you build it, give them something, do

good things, then good things will happen”• The other funders in your AO who must spend their money and

may/may not coordinate

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Realistic Planning Parameters Need to Inform Future Assistance Planning

• By 2015…• The coalition military presence will be reduced; Afghan-led

security in most of the country. • USAID’s civilian assistance levels will decrease; programs will

focus on development objectives in support of transition. • Security and development gains in the south and east may lag

behind the rest of the country, although positive trends will continue.

• As Afghan self-sufficiency increases, USAID’s role shifts to supporting GIRoA and other Afghan institutions as they build capacity, engage the private sector, and leverage donor support.

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USG and GIRoA Must Prioritize Assistance Among Competing Resource Demands

– Identify minimum development conditions that should be in place by 2015 to ensure that Afghanistan can successfully continue along its chosen development path

– Align USG and GIRoA resource expectations based on realistic planning parameters

– Focus security, governance, and development interventions so as to increase the legitimacy of GIRoA in the eyes of Afghans

– Agree with GIRoA on near-term opportunities for foundational investments that can induce sustainable, long-term growth

– Address policy trade-offs to deal with competing demands for resources

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Relevant PoCs

• RC – E: Greg Huger: [email protected]

• RC – W: Randall Peterson: [email protected]

• RC – SW: Christian Barrett: [email protected]

• RC – S: Tom Pope: [email protected]

• RC – N: Chris Edwards: [email protected]

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Thank you

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Terminal Learning Objective #3-6

• TLO#s 3-6: Country-wide disposition of development assets as they relate to VSO. – MRRD/NSP overview – OTI overview

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MRRD/NSP Overview

• Placeholder Slide

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OTI Overview

• Placeholder Slide

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FAF Development

Guy Ewald & Ralph Schweizer Mar 2012

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FAF Specializes In

• Post-Conflict Recovery and Reconstruction• Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)• Agricultural Development• Drainage Rehabilitation• Water Systems Development• Debris/Waste Removal• 7 years experience in Afghanistan.

FAF Development

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Agriculture Development

• Agriculture Markets and Value Chain Development (Pomegranate, Raisins, Nuts and Figs)

• Agribusiness and Enterprise Development• Demonstration Farm/ CMO Project• Irrigation Advice• Food Security

FAF Development

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QUESTIONS

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Terminal Learning Objective #1,7

• TLO#1:Understanding the optimal relationship between civilian AID agencies, MRRD and VSO sites.

• TLO# 7: Understanding the significance of interagency cooperation at the VSP.

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Vignette Slides

• Place holder

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Questions?