UN-Habitat Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (ROAP)

UN-Habitat Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (ROAP)

Asia and the Pacific

Region Update

Four regional Offices of UN-Habitat

2 |

Projected urban population in Asia and the Pacific, 2019 to 2050

Source) The Future of Asian and Pacific Cities report 2019 (ESCAP, UN-Habitat, et al.)

Asia-Pacific Regional Overview

Source) Asia and the Pacific SDG Progress Report 2021 (ESCAP)

SDG 6 and SDG11 as main foci The Asia-Pacific region is not on track to achieve any of the targets for clean water

and sanitation. Despite good progress in some components of the goal, such as the

reduction of open defecation, overall progress is slow. The biggest hurdle for the

region is water stress, where the situation has significantly worsened since 2000 and

is likely to continue to regress unless collective action is taken. To achieve the 2030

targets, the region needs to build greater capacity for participatory water and

sanitation management and water-use efficiency

The region has made almost no progress on sustainable cities and communities

since 2000. Only 50 per cent of targets could be measured under this goal and the

region is likely to miss all targets by 2030 if it stays on its current trajectory. The

biggest challenges for the region are the impact of disaster on people, economies

and infrastructure, air pollution, road safety and the lack of access to basic services

for people living in slums.

Source) Asia and the Pacific SDG Progress Report 2021 (ESCAP)

UN-Habitat country officesEast / Southeast Asia / Pacific (personnel, portfolio)

6

UN-Habitat country office locationUN-Habitat ROAP; UN-Habitat Bangkok

Japan, ROAP (USD 206.7M, 57 Projects)

Director + 5 intl. + 11 nat.

Solomon Islands (4.4M, 1 Proj)

1 nat.

Fiji (4.3M, 2 Projects)

1 CTA (int), 2 intl, 1 nat.

Mongolia (USD 4.5M, 1 Project)

1 HPM (nat.) +2 nat.

China (USD 5.0M, 4 Projects)

HPM (nat.)+ 3 nat.

Myanmar (USD 26.6M, 6 Projects)

1 CTA (intl.) + 6 intl.. + 37 nat.

Lao PDR (USD 13.9M, 10 Projects)

1 CTA (intl.), 5 intl, 5 nat.

Philippines (USD 16.1M, 3 Projects)

1 HPM (nat.), 1 intl., 30 nat.

Cambodia (USD 7.1M, 3 Projects)

1 HPM (nat.), 1 intl, 1 nat.

Vietnam (USD 10.6M, 3 Projects)

1 HPM (nat.) + 8 nat.

Thailand (0.1M, 1 projects)

2 nat.

UN-Habitat country officesSouth and Southwest Asia (personnel, portfolio)

Sri Lanka (USD 9.5M, 2 Projects)

1 HPM (nat), 1 intl. + 47 nat.

Iran (USD 2.3M, 3 Projects)

1 nat.

Afghanistan (USD 78.2M, 7 Projects)

1 CTA (int), 7 intl. + 338 nat. + 14 Gov

Pakistan (USD 10.5M, 3 Projects)

1 HPM (nat.), 6 nat.

Nepal (USD 2.6M, 2 Projects)

1 HPM (nat.), 13 nat.

India (USD 2.4M, 4 Projects)

1 HPM, 10 nat.

UN-Habitat country office locationUN-Habitat ROAP; UN-Habitat Bangkok

UN-Habitat Presence in Asia Pacific Regional Project activities – ROAP and main HQ programmes

Bhutan (ROAP)

(1 project, 1 consultant)

ASEAN(1 project, $1.2m ), 2 intl., 10 nat.

Thailand (ROAP, HQ-GSD, UKFCO)

(3 projects, $1.7m, 5 intl).

Indonesia (HQ-GSD-UKFCO)

(1 project, $0.4m, 1 nat).

Nepal (HQ-GLTN and HQ-GSD-UNICEF)

(3 projects, $17.5m)

China (HQ-RPD-GSD-ERSKID)

(3 projects, $1.1m)

Myanmar (HQ-GSD-UKFCO)

(2 projects, $0.6m, 2 intl, 1 nat..)

Philippines (HQ-GSD-UKFCO)

(1 project, $0.5m, 1 nat).

Viet Nam (HQ-GSD-UKCFO)

(1 project, $0.4m, 1 intl.

Kiribati (ROAP&GSD)

(1 Project, 63K)

Project activities managed by HQ divisions/sections, with or without ROAP supportProject activities managed by ROAP Fiji (ROAP&GSD)

(1 Project, 100K, 1 intl.)

9 |

ROAP is employing a one-house approach in designing and delivering practical solutions on

the ground by customising global normative tools to local needs and context within all the

four ‘domain of changes’ through;

a. Implementing people-centred and community-driven recovery and settlements

improvement assistance building on its own “People’s Process”;

b. Assisting member states on climate change adaptation and mitigation, solid waste

management, plastic pollution and marine litter issues;

c. Assisting member states to review and improve land management and spatial planning, at

all levels, through projects and city-to-city knowledge sharing

d. Strengthen strategic partnerships with other UN agencies at regional and national levels as

part of UN development system.

ROAP Strategic focus

City for All: Increasing Tenure Security in Afghan Cities

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Country: Afghanistan -- City: Kabul plus 12 cities

Donor: EU, USAID($60m)

Lead Agency : Ministry of Urban Development and Land in Afghanistan

Implementation : UN-Habitat

Duration: 4 years (2016-2020)

• Surveying ALL urban properties and, to date, issuance of 830,000 Occupancy Certificates

• Improved urban management using an accurate register of property records

• Issuance of 720,000 safayi (municipal service charge) invoices

• New revenue collection of $30m (2017-2020)

• Participatory local development planning at district level, leading to visions and action plans

• Implementation of 150 prioritized infrastructure projects with $15m of grants

• Partnership with UN-OICT and LTO Network on GoLandRegistry has the potential for global outreach

DOC2.2

DOC2.3

Increased access to land and tenure security in Nepal

11 |

Country: Nepal - Districts: Ratnanagar and BelakaDonors: Sida and SDCLead Authority: Municipalities of Ratnanagar and Belaka, Govern. of NepalImplementation : UN-Habitat Nepal, GLTN, Lumanti Support Group For Shelter, Community Self Reliance CentreDuration: 2019- 2021

DOC1.2

DOC2.3

• Targeting 21% of landless or with insufficient land records (approx. 1,3 million households)

• Support to the Government : new pro-poor National Land Policy (2019) and the Land Issues

Resolving Commission (LIRC) (2020)

• Introducing a Land Information Management System, using GLTN’s STDM tenure registration

approach, creating records for13,643 households already in 2020, in 2 municipalities

• Local innovation: Belaka Municipality used the new land records to allocate COVID-19 relief

Cambodia – Support for Improving Resilient Housing for All

12 |

Country: Cambodia -- City: Tboung Khmum Province

Donor: Government of Japan

Lead Agency : Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning & Construction,

Governor Tboung Khmum Province

Implementation : lead agency, province, communities, UN-Habitat Cambodia

Duration: 15 months

DOC3.3

DOC3.4

•Tropical storm Son-Tinh (2018) affected 62317 HHs, displaced5398 HHs, 16 deaths

•Supported through "Peoples Process" to rebuild 202 houses, 216 latrines, community development and livelihood

improvement benefitting approx. 10000 people in 7 communities

•Disaster risk management capacity built among 70 government officials , trained 172 artisans on resilient construction

•Advocacy on Disaster Risk

Risk Reduction based on lessons learned

conducted at national and sub-national level

for government agencies and civil society

organizations to promote resilience of the

Built environment

•COVID-19 response: trained on Hygiene

and behavioral change in 7 communities

Promoted the impact through

video and photobook.

Myanmar: Rehabilitation and Improvement of SWM

13 |

Country: Myanmar -- City: Yangon

Donor: Government of Japan

Lead Authority: Yangon City

Implementation : lead agency, Fukuoka City consortium, Fukuoka University, NPO

SWAN, UN-Habitat Myanmar

Duration: 24 months

DOC3.3

DOC3.4

• Fire broke out in Myanmar’s largest dumpsite (120 ha) in April 2018

• More than 148,000 people affected by smoke which lasted 3 weeks

• UN-Habitat response to prevent future risks of fire; introduction of ‘Fukuoka Method’ for improved landsite

operation and management, reduced impact to natural environment and prolonged lifespan of dumpsite;

technical support to Yangon city for longer term solid waste management plans and capacity development.

Collaboration in Central Asia

14 |

UN-Habitat is strengthening its engagement in Central Asia, including:

1. UNSDCF processes: Actively involved in the new cycles in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan (Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan forthcoming)

2. Voluntary Local Reviews: Planning for a training in July 2021 with CIS countries

Examples of specific country engagement:1. Youth Forum for Peace and Trust, Turkmenistan (29 March)2. Joint programming with UNEP on urbanization and climate adaptation in preparation for Caspian

Sea region, including regional learning with Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan.3. Kyrgyzstan: Evidence-based policies for sustainable housing and urban development (UNDA 10th

tranche, with UNECE) 4. Kyrgyzstan: Block by block public space5. Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan: Smart Sustainable Cities for the 2030 Agenda and NUA (UNDA 12th

tranche, with UNECE) 6. Tajikistan: Integrated Spatial Plan for Environmental and Socio- Economic Resilience in Khorog

Tajikistan: Integrated Spatial Plan for Resilience

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Country: Tajikistan -- City: Khorog

Donor: Aga Khan Development Agency, Aga Khan Agency for Habitat

Lead Authority: Government of Tajikistan

Duration: 9 months

DOC3.3

DOC3.4

• Khorog faces extreme hazards, shortages of safe land, limited access

to basic urban services, a high unemployment rate, a large youth

demographic and a recent history of civil war and social unrest.

• UN-Habitat’s Urban Planning and Design Lab are implementing a

resilient planning process in partnership with the Aga Khan Agency for

Habitat.

• This includes spatial strategies, a city diagnosis and profiling exercise,

stakeholder and community workshops, training and capacity building

sessions, and the provision of an initial data base.

• The thematic areas assessed in this process focus on institutional, socio-

economic, infrastructure and environmental resilience for Khorog.

Regional Collaboration in Asia and the Pacific

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1. UN Regional Collaborative Platform: e.g. Issues Based Coalition on Human Mobility and Urbanisation led by UN-Habitat and IOM;

2. ASEAN Sustainable Urbanisation Strategy implementation project: Leading a project with 8 pilot cities in areas such as affordable housing, waste management, digital safety and security, enhanced BRT and traffic management systems.

3. Spatial Planning Platform: Launched in 2018 as a network to mutually support national and regional spatial planning efforts.

4. Asia-Pacific Mayors Academy: Started in 2019 as collaboration with UNESCAP, UNU and others for newly elected mayors for peer learning on urban development.

5. Asian-Pacific City Summit and Asia Townscape Awards: Jointly organized with Fukuoka city and other partners.

6. Guidelines: VLR Guidelines, Integrating Urbanization into CCA/CFA (updating)

Issue‐based Coalitions (IBC) act as regional task forces to facilitate improved cooperation between

different UN agencies and their partners. The UNRCP has set up the following IBCs:

1. Climate Change Mitigation and Air Pollution (co-chaired by ESCAP and UNEP)

2. Building Resilience (co-chaired by UNDP and UNDRR)

3. Inclusion and Empowerment (co-chaired by ILO and UNICEF)

4. Human Mobility and Urbanization (IBC HM & U) (co-chaired by IOM and UN-Habitat)

5. Human Rights and Gender Equality (co-chaired by OHCHR, UNFPA and UN Women)

In 2021, the IBC HMU will initially operate two working groups focused on:

➢ a study on the impacts of COVID-19 on selected cities; and

➢ updating an existing guide for UNCTs on integrating urbanization into their CCA/UNSDCF.

17 |

UN REGIONAL COLLABORATIVE PLATFORMIssue Based Coalition on Human Mobility and Urbanization

Urban Climate Resilience Portfolio across Asia-Pacific

18 |

• Urban climate change, diplomacy,

policy, planning and capacity building

work since 2009

• Operational Climate Change Portfolio

is rapidly growing

Climate resilience portfolio 2017-2021 –

with focus on community infrastructure

ASEAN Sustainable Urbanization Strategy Project

19 |

Output 1: Technical support to 8 ASEAN cities

Output 3: Report on the “State of

Urbanisation in ASEAN”

Output 2: ASEAN Sustainable

Urbanisation Forum

Share knowledge and lessons

learned on sustainable

urbanisation

Expand knowledge base on

sustainable urbanisation in

ASEAN

Promote implementation of

sustainable urbanisation projects

within the ASUS Framework

Accelerating the

Implementation of ASUS

➢ To contribute towards enhancing ASEAN connectivity and achieving three

strategic outcome areas identified in the ASEAN Sustainable Urbanisation

Strategy (ASUS):

➢ To accelerate implementation of Sustainable Urbanisation in line with the New

Urban Agenda to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

ASEAN-Australia

Development

Cooperation Program

(AADCP) Phase II

Budget: 1,098,322 USD

Duration: 2020-2021

ASEAN Sustainable Urbanization Strategy Project

30 ASEAN Interested Cities Technical support provided to 8 Selected Pilot cities to develop viable Technical Project Proposals aligned with ASUS framework

1 EXPERT GROUP MEETING

+120 Participants

9 CONSULTATIVE WORKSHOPS

+160 Local Participants

8 URBAN ANALYSIS REPORTS

Country City Project Focus

Cambodia Kep City Solid Waste Management

Indonesia Tomohon Digital Solution for Security

Lao PDR KaysonePublic Bus Transport System

Malaysia Shah Alam Digital Solution for Security

Myanmar Mandalay Solid Waste Management

PhilippinesGeneral Santos

Sustainable Transport System

Thailand Hat Yai Digital Solution for Security

Vietnam Sapa TownPublic Bus Transport System

ROAP Resource Mobilization 2021

21 |

ROAP Projects Delivery 2019-2021 (million USD)

ROAP Projects Delivery 2016-2020 (million USD)

2019 2020 2021(Actual) (Actual) (Estimates)

A. Released Budget 48 56 59

B. Expenditure 48 39 47

B/A (%) 99% 70% 80%

PSC Generated 3.0 2.7 3.1

No of Projects

Direct Cost

PSC Total

2016-2020 92 207.9 15.5 223.4

Average 18 41.6 3.1 44.7

ROAP Resource Mobilization Jan – March 2021

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USD 7.3M - Myanmar

The Project for Building Resilience Against COVID-19

Through WASH and Waste Management Support in

Urban Informal Settlements

USD 1.8M – Iran

Emergency Support to Safer

Hospitals and Settlements

USD 5.0M - Cambodia

Climate Change Adaptation Through

Protective Small-Scale Infrastructure

Interventions in Coastal Settlements of

Cambodia

USD 175K – Pakistan

Capacity Building on CHG emission

reduction and environment friendly

applications

USD 311K – Lao PDR

Protection and Services for Vulnerable

settlements Migrants and Youth in

Savannakhet and Champassak in Lao PDR

USD 95K– India

Alliance to End Plastic Waste Pilot

project in India

USD 365K – China

UN-Habitat – CCUD collaboration 2021-2023

Challenges and opportunities

23 |

1. Regional/Country offices have been affected the most by current financial crisis. ROAP has been

downsized drastically with its professional staff funded by core budget (RB, 62HFU, 62HPS) halved

over last three years. Core budget support for country managers has been haphazard. The Chief of

Bangkok Office, who liaises with UN regional offices, ESCAP and ASEAN has been vacant since Sept.

2019.

2. If Regional/Country offices keep losing their capacity, it would have a detrimental impact on the

organization’s overall performance. Regional/Country Offices are the closest to member countries,

hence can respond to real dynamism, challenges and demands on the ground. The process of

establishing 4 regional offices in the late 1990s and subsequent developments have proved that the

field presence is the key to success of UN-Habitat.

3. UN-Habitat’s regional presence is now at critical juncture. If regional/country offices are strengthened

in alignment with the whole UN system decentralization, it will contribute to strengthening UN-

Habitat’s overall delivery and finance.

Impact of Budget Reductions

• Country offices currently receive very limited funding from core resources – further reduction will result in 100% project funding reducing the time the country offices have to support ad hoc support to governments, coordination with development partners and the UN and to support the normative mandate of UN-Habitat (beyond the country)

• HQ and the Regional Office for AP will proportionally be more affected by a reduction of core resources: Implications for countries:• 15 countries in the Asia-Pacific Region do not have offices but ongoing programmes managed by RO – this will need to be cut• 11 countries have no country activities – engagement will be further reduced

• All 31 country-programmes / and the portfolio of USD 70M / year are coordinated by only four Senior/Human Settlements Officers (S/HSOs) (2 P5s and 2 P4s) mainly paid for by non-earmarked resources/project support costs; 2P5s and 1P3 are currently not filled because of lack of core resource

• The Operational support for all but 3 countries is provided by the Regional Office by 1P3 (and X LL and LICA) – 1 P4 position not filled• The lack of personnel has a direct impact on Knowledge Management, Advocacy and Communication as well as non-project related

technical advisory services• The Bangkok office serves as UN liaison office. To implement the Secretary General’s Reform in the AP region this position is crucial in

support of the Regional Representative. The Head of Office position (P5) is currently not filled.• To roll out the Asia-Pacific Strategy effectively and enhance concrete impact on the ground, we need to increase our capacity → ROAP

needs to access more core resources• To activate the Regional Architecture, increase the UN-Habitat footprint in Asia-Pacific, implement resolutions and support the

implementation of SDG11 at country level, Member States should co-fund the establishment of Multi-Country Offices and Country Offices

Deliver our passion and heart to people

Thank you

Regional Group of Asia and the Pacific

25 March 2021

25

`

Presentation Outline

1. Financial support to Asia Pacific region from 2000-2021

2. Financial support from Asia-Pacific region to UN-HABITAT programmes 2010-2021

3. UN-Habitat financial status as at 28 February 2021

`

DonorTotal Contribution

(Million USD)Top Two Recipient Countries

Japan 312.3 Afghanistan, Pakistan

European Union 237.7 Afghanistan, Sri Lanka

United States of America 143.2 Afghanistan, Myanmar

UNDP 103.5 Indonesia, Bangladesh

UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT GROUP (UNDG) 56.2 Iraq

United Kingdom 42.3 Afghanistan, Pakistan

Saudi Arabia 41.9 Saudi Arabia, State of Palestine

Afghanistan 41.6 Afghanistan

Netherlands 35.3 Asia, Afghanistan

Canada 31.7 Afghanistan, Pakistan

IBRD/WORLD BANK 25.5 Afghanistan, Indonesia

Switzerland 24.5 Afghanistan, Syria

United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) 21.8 Nepal, Myanmar

Australia 20.5 Sri Lanka, Afghanistan

Germany 19.4 Syria, Laos

United Nations General Trust Fund 17.8 Pakistan, Sri Lanka

Asian Development Bank 17.2 Indonesia, Cambodia

UNOCHA- Consolidated 15.47 Iraq, Syria

The Adaptation Fund Board 14.6 Laos, Lebanon

Norway 14.3 Myanmar, Syria

TOTAL received from top 20 donors 1,236.7

TOP 20 DONORS

TO THE ASIA-

PACIFIC GROUP

(2000 – 2021)

(Source: Donor Information System (DIS) as at 17 March 2021 2020)

`

Total Contributions from Asia Pacific to UN-Habitat 2010-2021

Earmarked Contributions Core ContributionsDonor Amount (USD) Donor Amount (USD)

Japan 327,280,719 China 2,379,980

Saudi Arabia 32,770,606 Malaysia 1,200,000

Afghanistan 12,713,202 India 1,142,744

Republic of Korea 12,546,920 Republic of Korea 970,699

United Arab Emirates 7,000,000 Japan 724,061

Kuwait 5,952,980 Sri Lanka 258,000

Bahrain 5,823,566 Philippines 107,500

China 5,185,010 Pakistan 71,865

India 4,399,305 Iraq 50,000

Malaysia 4,000,000 Singapore 50,000

Iran 3,991,006 Myanmar 29,980

Iraq 2,569,444 Kiribati 25,000

Indonesia 1,382,661 Afghanistan 2,500

Sri Lanka 826,011

Jordan 593,730

LAO 140,000

Thailand 134,323

Total 427,393,889 Total 7,012,329

(Source: IMIS (2010-2013) and Umoja (2014-2021) as at 28 February 2021

UN-Habitat funding status in 2021as at 28 February

Foundation non earmarked – core (USD)

NEW CONTRIBUTORS

Egypt

Mexico

COMEBACKS

Rwanda

Germany

Earmarked income in USD

TOP CONTRIBUTORSALL CONTRIBUTORS

Allocation of income acquired in 2021 to

UN-Habitat implementing regions

2021 work programme overview 2021 income from all donors by contributing region in USD millions

*Includes previous years’ contributions

Appreciation for contribution from

Germany of USD 179,211 received in

December 2020 that was not reported

last year.

Mexico* 500,000

Egypt 50,000

Philippines* 50,000

Japan 31,458

Algeria 10,000

Rwanda 10,000

TOTAL 651,458

UN Agencies 1,161,570

Switzerland 1,112,360

Institute for Transportation

and Development Policy

281,424

Korea East-West Power

Company Ltd

173,736

The Adaptation Fund

Board

80,000

Tongji University 50,000

TOTAL 2,859,090

Global Progra…

Arab States …

Latin America and …

Asia Pacific …

United Nations Region Core Earmarked

Africa*** 0.07M -

Asia Pacific 0.08M 0.22M

Latin America and the Caribbean 0.50M -

Western Europe and Others Group - 1.39M

*** Contributions from Arab States such as Egypt and Algeria are reflected under

Africa. 6.2 0.7 1.6 1.312.5 10.0

43.3

152.6

Regular Budget Foundation non-earmarked

Foundationearmarked

TechnicalCooperation

US

D M

illio

nsIncome

Donor Project Title Amount in USD

Korea East-West Power

Company Ltd

Capacity building on Green House Gas emission reduction and environment-friendly

applications in Pakistan 173,736

UNDP Socio-economic Empowerment of Women in Ghor Al-Safi, Jordan 320,260

UNDP Sustainable Development Goals Monitoring Platform in Iraq 429,250

UNICEF Rubble to Mountains: Responding to the Beirut Port explosion 350,000

UNDP Fresh water and wastewater management in southern Cambodia 62,060

UN-Habitat

Questions & Answers

Regional Group of Asia and the Pacific

Thank You

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