UMTS Protocol 1

UMTS Protocols

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OutlinesIntroduction.UTRAN General Protocol Model.IuCS Protocol Structure.IuPS Protocol Structure.Iub Protocol Structure.Iur Protocol Structure.

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1- IntroductionThe Protocol Structure consists of Layers (Horizontal) and

Planes (Vertical).The protocols are developed for the interfaces between

the different entities not for entities . The Layers and Planes are independent of each other.The interfaces in UMTS are : Uu,Iu,Iur and Iub.Uu : interface connects UE to Node-B.Iu : Interface connects UTRAN (SRNC) to CN.Iub : Interface connects Node-B to UTRAN (DRNC).Iur : Interface connects DRNC to SRNC in UTRAN.

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2- UTRAN General Protocol Model

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2-1 Horizontal LayersThe General protocol stack consists of two layers : 1- The Transport Network Layer. 2- The Radio Network Layer.

Transport Network Layer consists of two sub-layers: 1- The Physical Layer : Provide physical medium of

transmission. 2- The Transport Layer : contains transport protocols.

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Protocol Layers FunctionTransport Network Layer : 1- Standard transport technology that is used for

UTRAN. 2- Standard transmission issues.

Radio Network Layer : 1- UTRAN requirements. 2- UTRAN related issues .

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2-2 Vertical Planes Control Plane. User Plane. Transport Network Control Plane. Transport Network User Plane.

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Control PlaneResponsible for all UMTS specific signaling.Control Plane consists of : 1- Application protocols ( RANAP – RNSAP – NBAP ). a)Setting up Bearers in Radio Control Layer. b)Provide UMTS specific signaling within UTRAN. 2- Signaling Bearers : a) Transporting the Application Protocol’s messages. b) Setting –up by O & M actions.

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User PlaneResponsible for transfer of all kinds of user information

(e.g. multimedia , emails and speech )User Plane consists of : 1- Data Streams : Contains user data that are transmitted between

network elements (subscriber’s information ). 2- Data Bearers : a) Transporting the data streams. b) Setting-up by ALCAP .

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Transport Network Control PlaneActs between Control Plane and User Plane.Do not include any Radio Network information.Setting up Data Bearers for transport data in User Plane.The Protocol used in TNCP is “ALCAP”.ALCAP : Access Link Control Application Part.Introduction of ALCAP : to make Application Protocol

independence of the Data Bearer technology in User Plane.

Signaling Bearers : in CP and TNCP may or may not be the same type.

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TNCP - ALCAP

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Transport Network User PlaneContains both Signaling Bearers and Data

Bearers.Signaling Bearers in Control Plane.Data Bearers in User Plane.Data Bearers is controlled by TNCP during

real-time operation.Signaling Bearers is controlled by O&M

actions

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3-IuCS Protocol Structure

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IuCS Protocol LayersIuCS is the interface that connects UTRAN to CN CS.The three planes in the Iu interface share a common

ATM transport which is used for all planes.The physical layer is the interface to the physical medium

like : optical fiber ,radio link or copper cable.The physical layer implementation can be selected from

one of the transmission technologies like SONET ,E1 or STM1.

The Protocol used in the RNL is “RANAP”.RANAP : Radio Access Network Application Part.

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RANAP - Control Plane Run on top of Broad Band SS7 protocols.BB SS7 protocols :- 1- SCCP : Signaling Connection Control Part. 2- MTP3-b : Message Transfer Part – Broadband. 3- SAAL-NNI : Signaling ATM adaptation Layer for

Network to Network Interfaces. 4- SSCOP : Service Specific Connection Oriented

Protocol. 5- AAL5 : ATM adaptation Layer 5

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RANAPSignaling Protocol in Iu that contains all control

information specified for Radio Network Layer.The Functionality of RANAP is implemented by various

RANAP Elementary Procedures (EPs ).Each RANAP Function may require one or more EPs.EP classes : • Class 1 : Request and Response. • Class 2 : Request without response. • Class 3 : Request and possibility of many responses.

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RANAP FunctionsRadio Access Bearer (RAB) Management. SRNC relocation .Hard Handover.Common ID Management.Paging : CN for page Idle UE for terminating

call/connection.Location Reporting : Requesting (CN) and Reporting

(RNC) with UE location.Data Volume Reporting : Requesting (CN) and Reporting (RNC)

with unsuccessfully transmitted data.Iu release.Reset

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Non- Access Message (NAS)

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SRNC Relocation

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SRNC Relocation operation

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RANAP - TNCPContains also Protocols on top of BB SS7(except SCCP)Signaling Protocol ( Q.2630.1 ) for Setting up ALL2

connection.Adaptation Layer ( Q.2150.1 )

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RANAP – User PlaneCombination of protocols with User Plane on top of ALL2.ALL2 : used to segment data into ATM cells.Dedicated ALL2 connection is reserved for each user CS

service.ALL : relays ATM cells between ATM Layer and High Level

Layers.Different ALLs were defined in supporting different traffic

and service.

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ALL : ATM Adaption LayerHigh Level

Layers

ATM Layer

ALL

Reassembly

Segmentation

SAR

ATM CELL

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4-IuPS Protocol Structure

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IuPS Protocol StructureIuPS is the interface that connects UTRAN to PN CS.The IuPS interface at the Control Plane is the same as the

IuCS interface .The same protocol is used “RANAP”.There are some additional IP-based protocols :- 1- M3UA : MTP3b User Adaptation Layer. 2- SCTP : Simple Control Transmission Protocol. 3- IP : Internet Protocol.TNCP : is not applied to the IuPS.

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Iu-PS – User PlaneGTP : GPRS Tunneling Protocol.GTP-U : multiplexing Layer that provides identities for

individual packet data flow.GTP-U : used for carrying data within CN between RAN

and CN ( From RNC to SGSN ).The setting up of GTP tunnel requires only an identifier

for the tunnel and IP addresses for Both Direction and these are already included in RANAP RAB messages.

The Tunnel is identified by : TEID.TEID : Tunnel Endpoint Identifier.

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5-Iub Protocol Structure

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Iub Protocol StructureIub : interface connects RNC to Node-B.The Protocol used on Radio Network Layer is “NBAP”.NBAP : Node B Application Part.NBAP is divided into :- 1- C-NBAP : Common NBAP. 2- D-NBAP : Dedicated NBAP.Iub TNCP is the same in the Iu interface.

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C-NBAP Defines all the procedures for logical O&M of the Node-

B.C-NBAP Functions :- 1-Set up first radio link of one UE and Selection of the

traffic termination point. 2- Cell Configuration. 3- Common Transport Channel Management. 4- Measurements in Common Resources. 5- Location Measurement Unit (LMU) control. 6- Fault Management.

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D-NBAPD-NBAP Functions : 1- Addition, Release and Reconfiguration of radio links

of one UE. 2- Handling of dedicated and shared channels. 3- Measurements in Common Resources. 4- Radio Link Managements. 5- DL Power Drifting Correction. 6- DL Power timeslot Correction.

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NBAP – User PlaneThe User Plane Protocol Stack consists of control and

user frame protocols being used to pass information to Node-B the to UE.Three Basic type of transmission are defined : 1- Transparent. 2- Unacknowledged. 3- Acknowledged.ALL2 : for segmentation the data to ATM cells.

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6-Iur Protocol Structure

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Iur Protocol StructureIur : interface connects DRNC to SRNC.The Protocol used on Radio Network Layer is “RNSAP”.RNSAP : Radio Network Subsystem Application Part.RNSAP Functions (CP): 1- Support for basic Inter RNC Mobility.[Iur1] 2- Support for Dedicated Channel Traffic.[Iur2] 3- Support for Common Channel Traffic.[Iur3] 4- Support of Global Resource Management.[iur4]

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Iur1 – Basic ModuleProvides the functionality of the mobility of the user

between two different RNCs.Does not support of exchange of any user data traffic.If this module is not implemented, Iur does not exist.Iur1 Functions : 1- SRNC relocation. 2- Support of inter-RNC cell. 3- Support of inter-RNC packet paging. 4- Reporting of protocol errors.

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Support basic inter RNC mobility

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Iur2 – DCH ModuleAllows dedicated and shared channel traffic between two

RNCs.Allows inter-RNC soft Handover.Allows anchoring of SRNC .Iur2 Functions: 1- Establishment ,Modification and Release the DCH . 2- Set-up and release DCH transport connection . 3- Transfer of DCH transport Blocks bet. SRNC and DRNC.

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Support Dedicated Channel

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Iur3 – CCH ModuleHandling the common channel (RACH,FACH,..) data

streams across Iur interface.Iur3 Function: 1- Set-up and Release the transport connection across

the Iur interface for common channel data streams. 2- Splitting the MAC Layer between SRNC (MAC-d)

and DRNC (MAC-c). 3- Flow Control between MAC-c and MAC-d.

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Iur4 – Global Resource ManagementProvides singling to support enhanced radio resources

management and O&M features across Iur.This Module is optional .Iur4 Function: 1- Transfer of cell information between two RNCs. 2- Transfer of position parameters between RNCs. 3- Transfer of Node-B Timing between RNCs.

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Iur - TNCPThe Transport Network Protocol Stack is more complex

than any other interfaces.TNCP contains either BB SS7 protocols or IP based

protocols.

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