Uk

1

International symposium on

regional commuter railways

Peter Field

Transport for London

United Kingdom

Presentation

• Characteristics of the Greater London metropolitan region

• Public Transport in London

• The organisation of Public Transport in London

• The Integration of public transportation and services

• Fare structures, ridership characteristics, travel modal shares

• Financing of the development and operations of London’s suburban railway system

• Service characteristics of London’s suburban railway

• London’s strategy to enhance the capacity of its suburban rail system and integrate it with the public transport system

2

3

• 7.6m residents

• 4.7m people in employment

• 30 million visitors a year

• 27 million journeys per day including

walking and cycling

• Transport and land-use planning

responsibilities divided between the three

tiers of government

• But clear direction – Mayor decides

transport policy, TfL and Boroughs deliver

• Elected London Mayor with large budget

(£80bn 2010-2017) argues region‟s impact

on national economy

London is a world city and gateway to the UK

Central Government

Greater London Authority

London Boroughs

Organisational and funding structures reflect a

distinction between local transport and national

networks

4

MAYOR OF LONDON

National Rail

Franchised

OperationsCapital

Works

Grant

Contract

+ subsidy

Train

operators

Business

plan + £

Business Plan

and Multimodal

Strategy

Directly Operate or Contract

Buses

London Underground

Trams and DLR

Overground Rail

Taxis

River Transport

Main Road Maintenance

Revenue

Infrastructure Owner

5

Mode Daily Journeys Journey length

Car 11 million 11.6 km

Bus 5 million 3.6 km

Underground 3 million 7.8 km

Rail 2 million 25.0 km

DLR 0.2 million 5.1 km

Walk 6 million 0.8 km

Cycle 0.5 million 3.2 km

• 50% of rail passengers arriving in central London continue their

journey using another TfL mode

London’s Daily Passenger Journeys

6

Public transport has a 40% mode share overall, up

ten points since 1993 at the expense of the car

Overall rail share is

8%, Underground is

10%

12m trips in outer

London, just 25% on

public transport

1m trips to central

London each

morning, rail and

Underground share

is 80%

7

37% of London’s 27million trips every day are made by car,

mostly in outer London

• Main roads managed by TfL

• Real time traffic management,

signal control, street works,

and enforcement

• Parking cost high and few

spaces

• Road pricing through

congestion charge

• Major problem of traffic

congestion despite no growth

in overall traffic volume over

last ten years

8

London Buses

• 2.2 billion passengers per

year

• 8000 buses

• 95% of population within

400m of a stop

• High frequency interval

service

• 80% passenger growth since

1993

• Managed by TfL

• Operated by contractors

9

Integrated Fares & Ticketing

Pay before you board

Penalty fare £50

Zonal fares structure for all of London. Flat

fare on bus

Smartcard ‘Oyster’ valid on all Public

Transport

Few paper tickets – always higher cost

Oyster fare is always ‘best value’

Oyster holds both stored value and period

travel

Capped daily travel cost

Oyster moving to ‘back of house’ behind

mobile phone and contactless bank card

10

300 rail stations

270 metro stations

5 million passengers

a day

Mostly electric

multiple unit trains

and 4 aspect fixed

block signalling to

timetable

Underground trains

operate to frequency

service interval

London’s Rail Network

11

London’s rail network is effective in bringing widely

dispersed population to central London employment

Projected Employment

(2001 – 2026)

Projected Population Growth

(2001 – 2026)

• Employment growth is concentrated in

central London and inner Thames

Gateway

• Businesses operating in this area are

critical to London‟s World City status

• Population growth is expected to be more

evenly distributed – suggesting a continuing

need for radial commuter links

So

urc

e: 2

00

1 C

en

su

s (

an

d p

roje

ctio

ns),

GL

A ‘O

ur

Lo

nd

on

Ou

r fu

ture

’

12

2025/262025/26

Rail StrategyDo Nothing

London’s multi modal transport model

13

Circle Line

GLA Boundary

London’s Rail Strategy for 2025 moves towards a fully

integrated rail system. It combines renewal of the existing

network & strategic new infrastructure

Crossrail

Thameslink

Radial – fast links into London

Inner suburban

routes

North London Line

East London

Line

West London Line

Inner London Orbitals

Interchanges

14

London’s strategy to increase rail capacity

More trains per hour

More passengers per car

More carriages per train

Capacity

Uplift

Up to 100%

Up to ~25%

Up to ~30%

• Simplify timetables

• Remove pinch-points

• More track capacity

• Additional rolling

stock

Implementation

Requirements

• Lengthen platforms

• Eliminate track

congestion at termini

throats

• Additional rolling

stock

• Reconfigure seating on

inner suburban

services

15

Key: % increase in capacity

West Anglia

• 12-car capability

• Meet demand from expanded

Stansted airport

London Midland

•Trains lengthened to 12-

car

Chiltern

•Train lengthening up to 7-

car

•Frequency improvements

South-western

• 10-car inner suburban

railway

Southern

•10-car inner suburban railway

C2C

• 12-car capability

on all routes

• Longer trains

Thameslink

• 12-car max capability

• 24 trains per hour through core

London Overground

• Increased frequency

•New routes

•Longer trains

As a result, rail enhancements will add about a quarter to

London’s rail capacity by 2017

Great Eastern

• Additional outer

services

• New Crossrail servicesGreat Western

• Train lengthening

• Additional paths

• New Crossrail services

South-eastern

• 12-car inner suburban railway

High Speed 1

•Start domestic services

8

14

541 23

1708

10

21129

40

20

Crossrail will increase the total ( all modes ) public

transport network capacity by a further 10%

•New high capacity railway, enabling economic growth

•TfL has a critical role to play as future operator of services (via a Concession)

•24 trains per hour (peak) each direction through central London

•Generates 30,000 extra jobs in central London, with GDP benefits of £36bn

•Relieves congestion on rail and Tube lines

•Brings 1.5m more passengers within 60 min commute of centre

17

The challenge to accommodate economic growth is

striking with rail demand increasing up to 50% by 2025

All modes:

boardings

increase

200625

Committed

capacity ie

„HLOS‟,

Crossrail,

Overground

£ Tech &

pricing

† Vehicle

design

Possible

future

“HLOS2”

capacity

New

tunnels

ForecastsPlans &

proposals

‘Efficiency’

measures

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

Rail

boardings 200625

†

£

New

railways

Source: Demand projections from Group Planning, capacity estimates from DfT rolling stock plan

Technology, design,

pricing

• ERTMS

• Greater peak pricing

differentials

• Metro-style end-to-

end routes

• High density trains,

more standing space

• Double-deck trains

Future “HLOS2”

• More 12 car trains

where there is

already capability

• Extending 12-car

capability

• Some track work, e.g.

West Anglia 4-

tracking

New railways

• Crossrail 2

60%

18

Conclusions

• London‟s development in the last

200 years hugely influenced by

railways

• It remains the key mode for

access to the central area where

London‟s world city functions are

sited

• TfL and central Government are

spending large sums for enable

railways to meet better London‟s

transport challenges

• Integration remains a key

challenge to meeting our

objectives

Interchange Station

Rail, Metro, Bus and Tram

Questions?

19

20

Session 2B

Mr. Field, Peter

Symposium on International Experiences in the Development of Regional Commuter Rail Systems