U N I T 2 : I n s t r u m e n t a l M u s ic o f L u z o n

UNIT 2: Instrumental Music of Luzon Table of Contents

Introduction 4

Lesson 1: Rondalla 5 Learning Targets 5 Let’s Warm Up! 5 Learn about It! 6 Check Your Understanding 11 Challenge Yourself! 12 Let’s Jam! 12

Lesson 2: Musikong Bumbong 13 Learning Targets 13 Let’s Warm Up! 13 Learn about It! 14 Check Your Understanding 16 Challenge Yourself! 16 Let’s Jam! 17

Lesson 3: Bamboo Organ 18 Learning Targets 18 Let’s Warm Up! 18 Learn about It! 19 Check Your Understanding 21 Challenge Yourself! 22 Let’s Jam! 22

Lesson 4: Angklung Ensemble/ Himig Pangkat Kawayan 23 Learning Targets 23 Let’s Warm Up! 23

1 Copyright © 2018 Quipper Limited

Learn about It! 24 Check Your Understanding 29 Challenge Yourself! 30 Let’s Jam! 30

Did You Know? 31

Web Links 31

Performance Task 32

Self-Check 33

Wrap Up 34

Bibliography 35

Glossary 36


GRADE 7

UNIT 2

Instrumental Music of Luzon (Lowlands)

Fig. 1 . The Rondalla Ensemble

Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Rondalla2009.JPG


Introduction The three centuries of Spanish colonization has made a huge impact on the culture and society of Lowland Luzon.

You can see it in the architecture of the buildings, the arrangement of communities, the language spoken in the region, the religion of the people, and in the music that is heard throughout Luzon. Many Spanish influences have been adapted to the Filipino culture and tradition. Hence, there are art forms found in Luzon that may have been Spanish but are given a Filipino twist.

The instrumental music of Luzon also have elements borrowed from foreign lands, but the Filipinos made it possible for it to carry a Filipino identity which makes their music truly unique and remarkable.


Lesson 1: Rondalla

Learning Targets

In this lesson, you should be able to:

● identify a rondalla ensemble; ● recognize the instruments of a rondalla ensemble; ● discuss the importance of rondalla ensemble in the Philippine context.

Folk music is part of the daily lives of Filipinos. What is a rondalla ensemble and how did it become a musical tradition in Luzon?

Let’s Warm Up!

1. Form a group of five. 2. Recall any Filipino love song that can be played with a guitar. 3. Practice the chorus of the song. 4. Imagine that you are about to present it in the streets of the Philippines, or traveling

from house to house and show it through a skit. 5. In the skit, you should be able to incorporate the song and sing it in the right pitch and

rhythm in front of your classmates.

Do you think people still go around the streets and sing songs?

Would it be fun to have people singing in the streets and playing the guitar nowadays?

During the olden times, do you think this activity was often done?


Learn about It!

Rondalla is a kind of ensemble that originated from Spain. It came to the Philippines during the Spanish colonization in the from the 1600s to the 1900s. The ensemble is known to practice the tradition of plucking strings together to make harmony. Most instruments in the ensemble are string instruments and are plucked with a turtle-shell plectrum or pick .

Fig 1.1 Plectrum used to pluck String Instruments

Source: Arent at Dutch Wikipedia (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Plectrums.jpg), „Plectrums“, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode

The word rondalla came from the word “rondo” or “ronda” which means going around the village to sing and play with some guitar accompaniment. Rondalla eventually became a term for a group of musicians that play plucked strings together. Rondalla is also known to have other names such as murza which means street musicians ; estudiantina that means a band of student musicians ; and lastly , comparza, a term for music groups that semi-professionally play for festivities, fiesta, birthdays, and many occasions.

The origins of rondalla came from the Spanish Rondalla which had the violin, guitar, flute, bandurria, cello, bass, triangle, castanet, and tambourine as the main instruments. When it was brought to the Philippines, Filipinos modified this into their own, paving a way to a new


system of playing rondalla. The instrumentation was reformed and now had piccolo, bandurria, octavina, laud, double bass, and guitar as the basic instruments. The bandurria that used to be a 12-stringed lute was changed into a 14-stringed instrument to bring about a richer sound. Mandolina and Bandolina were added to the group to support the low voice of the laud and octavina. Percussions such as the triangle, drum, and xylophone were also added to put some rhythmic effect in the string ensemble.

Here are some descriptions and functions of each instrument found in rondalla .

● Bandurria has 14 strings, pear-shaped lute with a round sound hole, plucked using a plectrum and plays the melodic line.

Fig. 1.1 A Bandurria

Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Bandurria1_wbg.jpg

● Piccolo has 14 strings, smaller version of the bandurria and plays ornamentations and sometimes the melody as well. It is often recommended to add higher tones in the pieces.


● Laud has 14 strings, has a longer neck, pear-shaped lute with f-shaped sound holes, plucked using a plectrum, and plays the alto part or counter-melody. It has a flat back.

Fig. 1.2 A Laud

Source: Arent, Spaanse Laud, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spaanse_Laud.png

● Octavina has 14 strings as well, has a brilliant timbre that sounds like an alto, fills-in the harmony with a counter-melody.


Fig 1.3 An Octavina

Source: Originally posted to Flickr by VirtualErn; Reviewed on 20 February 2010 by FlickreviewR and confirmed to be licensed under the terms CC BY 2.0 via Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Octavina.jpg

● Guitar has 6 strings, brings together all the melodies that come from different instruments; it serves as a harmonic guide with rhythmic arpeggios, and act as accompaniment.

Fig 1.4 A Guitar

Source:Martin Möller Talk - Classical Guitar two views.jpg, CC BY-SA 2.0 de, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24431078


https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode

● Bajo de uñas (or bajo de arko ) has 4 thick strings, plays the low notes (bass tones) that support the pieces of rondalla and provide rhythmic support and reinforcement of beats. It can also be referred to as bass . It can be played using a thick plectrum or with the fingernails, and as tall as a person, it had to be played standing, played by plucking using fingers.

Fig 1. 5 A Bajo de uñas

Source: Lowendgruv at English Wikipedia - Originally from en.wikipedia; description page is/was here., Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1755787

The repertoire played by the rondalla is filled with folk music such as the balitaw , kundiman , balse , danza , lullaby , and march . It also plays a modern repertoire.

Filipinos became really passionate about rondalla and this is why it flourished in the Philippines. It became in-demand in the 1900s when many rondalla bands were formed within cities, families, schools, and universities. It is performed everywhere and were heard on the radio. Both urban and rural communities in Luzon made rondalla tradition alive. There were national competitions for it since the 1960s.

Juan Silos Jr. is considered the “Father of the Rondalla” in the Philippines for his dedication to building several rondalla groups in different schools and organized the “All-Star Filipino Rondalla” which showcased the versatility of the rondalla as it accompanied the Tchaikovsky Piano Concerto 1 and Khatchaturian’s Saber Dance with pianist, Benny Goodman, in 1949.


Try It Yourself

Dance to the music of rondalla by recalling some of the folk dances you learned in your Physical Education class. Search for the following video performances on Youtube:

● Philippine Folk Dance La Jota Moncadena ● “LERON LERON SINTA” by Anne Quiambao

Check Your Understanding Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.

1. Rondalla originated from the country of ____________. 2. The ensemble practices the tradition of _________________ strings to make harmony. 3. _____________ is a word that means going around the village to sing and play with guitar

accompaniment. 4. The bandurria used to be a 12-stringed lute was changed into a ___________ instrument

to bring about a richer sound. 5. ________________ is a smaller version of the bandurria and plays the ornamentation and

the higher tones in pieces. 6. ______________ plays the alto part or counter melody with f-shaped sound holes. 7. ______________ brings together all the melodies from the different instruments and

serves as an accompaniment to the melodies of the ensemble. 8. ______________ is an instrument with 4 thick strings that looks as tall a person and plays

the bass notes for the pieces. 9. The repertoire of rondalla is filled with___________ music such as balitaw, kundiman,

balse, danza, lullaby, and march. 10._______________ is the “Father of the Rondalla” in the Philippines.


Challenge Yourself! Write True if the statement is correct and False when the statement is wrong.

_______________ 1. Murza is a rondalla that means street musicians.

_______________ 2. The octavina plays the alto melody in the rondalla.

_______________ 3. The bajo de uñas looks like a bass guitar that is played vertically.

_______________ 4. The laud plays the tenor voice in the rondalla.

_______________ 5. Rondalla became in demand in the 1900s when many rondalla bands were formed within cities, families, schools, and universities.

Let’s Jam!

1. Form a group of five and practice the basic chords of the ukulele. 2. Using the ukulele, learn a simple traditional Tagalog folk song called “ Bahay Kubo. ” 3. Play it together and make sure you are synchronized with the rhythm of the striking of

the strings and sing the melody in tune. 4. Present the song in front of the class.


Lesson 2: Musikong Bumbong

Learning Targets


● identify Musikong Bumbong ; ● recognize the instruments of a Musikong Bumbong ensemble; ● discuss the importance of Musikong Bumbong in Philippine history.

Is it possible to make a band that sounds like a brass band but the instruments are made of bamboo? What makes Musikong Bumbong a remarkable ensemble in the Philippines?

Let’s Warm Up!

1. As a class, watch this video that talks about Musikong Bumbong in Obando, Bulacan entitled, “HTS Musikang Kawayan (Pistahan).”

2. Individually, describe the music that you hear from the band on a piece of paper and try to compare and contrast the music to a brass marching band.

3. Share your thoughts to your seatmate.


Learn about It!

Musikong Bumbong is a band that can be likened to a western brass marching band, except all the instruments are made of bamboo. It means “bamboo music.”

During the Spanish era, the frailes or priests have ownership of marching bands, but the Filipinos sought for a way to make these institutions genuinely Filipino. They formed a marching band called Musikong Bumbong that showcases the Filipino musicians’ skills of harmony, good singing, resourcefulness, and nationalism. The members of Musikong Bumbong often make their own bamboo piccolo, tuba, flute, clarinet, and saxophone. The known inventor for the bamboo instruments is, Felix Ramos , a native of Malabon.

Figure 2.1 shows an example of an instrument found in Musikong Bumbong . This is the kind of tuba that can be found in Musikong Bumbong. It is made of bamboo and rattan. Rattan is also a very strong raw material found in the Philippines that could be weaved together. The materials such as the bamboo and rattan make the instrument sturdy and durable. When it is played, the player is required to produce sound using his own singing voice in tune with a leaf or paper placed between the lips. The timbre of the sound is lighter, thinner, and smaller than the brass counterpart.

Fig 2.1 A tuba made of rattan and bamboo.

Source: https://farm8.staticflickr.com/7431/13906342629_1ab5192fe6_k.jpg


Musikong Bumbong and the Katipunan

One Musikong Bumbong band known in Luzon is the D’original Malabon Music Bamboo, Banda de Boca which means “Band of Mouth” or “ Banda ng Bibig ,” the very first Musikong Bumbong in the Philippines. It was founded in Barrio Tonsya in Malabon, Rizal. It was formed in the year of 1896 by founder, Felix Ramos and his co-founder, Gregorio Kilala .

The band was always tasked to play patriotic music for freedom during meetings of the Katipuneros. The Katipuneros are known to love the country so much that Musikong Bumbong played pieces like “ Veteranos de la revolucion ” and “ Alerta Katipunan ” to show the group’s dedication to nationalism and love of freedom.

Musikong Bumbong in the Modern Times

The tradition of playing Musikong Bumbong continues until these times. This kind of music is played in places like Bulacan with bands named Sta. Clara Musikong Bumbong and in Malabon with the Musikawayan, D’original Musikong Bumbong . The repertoire has already expanded that they now play numerous native and modern music. They play in town festivals, welcome dignitaries, and provide cultural shows and concerts everywhere still bringing with them a sense of nationalism.

Try It Yourself 1. Listen to one of the modern music pieces that the Sta. Clara Musikong Bumbong band is

playing in the video performance entitled, “Banda Sta. Clara Musikong Bumbong” on Youtube.

2. On a piece of paper, write a short paragraph describing the music of Musikong Bumbong in modern times.


Check Your Understanding

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.

1. Musikong Bumbong can be likened to a Western __________ marching band where all instruments are made of bamboo.

2. During the Spanish era, _____________ have ownership of the marching bands. 3. The known inventor of the bamboo instruments is ________________. 4. Materials such as __________________ and _____________ make up the instrument. 5. The co-founder of the first Musikong Bumbong in the Philippines is_____________. 6. _____________ means “Band of Mouth” 7. The Musikong Bumbong that can be found in Bulacan has a name called _____________. 8. The Musikong Bumbong that can be found in Malabon is named ________________. 9. Musikong Bumbong played for the meetings of the ___________, a group that showed love

for country and nationalism. 10.Two of the famous pieces played by Musikong Bumbong are the __________________, and

the ____________________.

Challenge Yourself!

Write the answer to the following questions.

1. What materials are needed to make a Musikong Bumbong instrument? 2. Describe how sound must be produced when playing the instrument. 3. Describe the timbre of the sound produced from the instrument. 4. Recall the two pieces that Musikong Bumbong played for the Katipuneros. 5. What is the importance of these pieces to the Musikong Bumbong band?


Let’s Jam!

1. Form groups of five.

2. As a group, watch this simple documentary about Musikong Bumbong . (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e3PcKtD8xlw&t=93s).

3. Observe the issues that Musikong Bumbong is facing right now. 4. Make a creative presentation using a song, dance, and instrument-playing that could

help preserve the art form and its goals. 5. Share your presentation in front of the class.


Lesson 3: Bamboo Organ

Learning Targets


● recognize the history of the bamboo organ of the Philippines; ● identify the parts of the bamboo organ; ● discuss the importance of the bamboo organ in the Philippines.

It is very remarkable to notice that Christianity has spread in the Philippines that churches are found in many places like Luzon. Big churches found here would usually have the same features as the big churches in Europe, and one of the main features of the churches is the pipe organ that accompanies the choirs and the liturgies. It is usually made of metal pipes. But who would ever think that bamboos would be a tough and enduring material for the pipes of such a beautiful instrument?

Let’s Warm Up!

1. As a class, watch this clip about the Bamboo Organ of The Philippines. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnQhtJITpyU).

2. Note the qualities of the bamboo organ that amazes you. 3. Write it down in a paragraph. 4. Share your thoughts to your classmates.


Learn about It!

Fig 3. 1 The Bamboo Organ

Source: Cealwyn Tagle (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Las_Piñas_Bamboo_Organ_CealwynTagle_DCera.jpg), „Las Piñas Bamboo Organ CealwynTagle DCera“, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/legalcode

The Bamboo Organ is the very first pipe organ made of bamboo in all of the world. The instrument, organ, is a renowned European instrument but it was adapted to use the native material and attuned to survive the Filipino climate. This instrument is installed in St. Joseph Parish in Las Piñas and was invented by Fray Diego Cera Dela Virgen Del Carmen , the very first parish priest of the town during the Spanish era. He created it in 1816 and was finished in 1824, taking eight years of construction.


The bamboo organ has the basic components of an organ. It has a divided keyboard for bass tones consisting of 32 tones named Mano Yzquierda , while the other part for treble tones has 29 tones named, Mano Derecha . The organ comprises of a pedal made of 12 tones, and there are also some knobs for ornamentation where effects such as Pajaritos or bird sound could be accessed. There are one-thousand and thirty-one pipes inside the organ. Nine-hundred two are bamboo pipes, and the others are made of metal. These pipes use steady air pressure from a billow so that it can vibrate and maintain a pitch which is described as unique and mellow sounding.

However, in the 1880s a big typhoon and earthquake came, it destroyed the roof of the church. This enabled stones and rainwater to enter the organ case, making the instrument unplayable. However, in 1917 some tourists noticed the beauty of the instrument and they made attempts on saving it.

Only in 1972, the project on saving the instrument became a reality when Johannes Klais Orgelbau from Bonn, Germany restored it. He restored it in Germany and sent back the organ materials to the Philippines in March of 1975.

Eventually, a foundation called Bamboo Organ Foundation Incorporated was formed to preserve the use of the instrument and enrich the cultural tradition of the town. They make an annual festival in February to honor the existence of the organ and is inviting local and international music enthusiasts to the event.

In 2003, it was recognized as a national treasure by the National Museum of the Philippines and was said to be the only 19th-century bamboo organ that is still surviving and functioning.


Try It Yourself

Observe how the bamboo organ could sound like through this link. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=COa01vUlCkk). Write a short paragraph on how you would describe the sound of the bamboo organ.

Guide Questions :

1. Does the bamboo organ sound like other church organs? 2. Can the bamboo organ function like other church organs? 3. Can the bamboo organ be used to play difficult organ pieces as well?


Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.

1. The Bamboo Organ is installed in _________________ in Las Piñas. 2. The Bamboo Organ is the ________ pipe organ made of bamboo. 3. The construction of the Bamboo Organ lasted for ______ years. 4. The part of the keyboard for the bass tones consisting of 32 tones is named ___________. 5. The part of the keyboard for the treble tones with 29 tones is named ______________. 6. The pedal of the bamboo organ is made of _______ tones. 7. The are ( how many all-in-all? ) _______________ pipes inside the organ. 8. __________________ from Bonn, Germany restored the Bamboo Organ. 9. __________________ was formed to preserve the use of the Bamboo Organ and enrich the

culture of the town. 10. In 2003, the Bamboo Organ was declared as a ________________ by the National Museum

of the Philippines.


Challenge Yourself!

Write True if the statement is correct and False if the statement is wrong.

______________ 1. Ornamentations such as Pajaritos (bird sound) can be accessed in playing the Bamboo Organ.

______________ 2. Earthquake and Typhoon were the reasons why the organ was unplayable in the 1800’s.

______________ 3. In March of 1978, the organ’s return from Germany was celebrated by the Filipinos.

______________ 4. An annual festival every February is done in honor of the Bamboo Organ. _____________ 5. The Bamboo Organ is the only surviving and functioning 19th century organ

in the Philippines.

Let’s Jam!

1. Listen to one of the Bamboo Organ Festival performance using this link. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XTuRk5hO4cI).

2. While listening to the sound of the organ with the orchestra, make a drawing or symbolism that would best describe the Bamboo Organ for you.

3. Share your thoughts with your classmate.


Lesson 4: Angklung Ensemble/ Himig Pangkat Kawayan

Learning Targets


● identify the history and origins of the Pangkat Kawayan of the Philippines; ● recognize the instruments of the Pangkat Kawayan ; ● recognize the angklung instrument; ● discuss the importance of Pangkat Kawayan in the Philippine context.

Filipino creativity has been shown in plenty of the ensembles of Luzon. This creativity leads Filipinos to be resourceful and see to it that music honors Filipino roots and traditions. What is Himig Pangkat Kawayan and what are their instruments?

Let’s Warm Up!

Observe the video in the link, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C35luDCb2JY. On a piece of paper, draw the instruments you have found and describe how it is played.


Learn about It!

Himig Pangkat Kawayan is the “ Singing Bamboos of the Philippines .” This is an orchestral group of bamboo instruments, and it came from the initiatives of elementary schools in Quezon City and Manila. Victor Toledo managed the first Himig Pangkat Kawayan in its formation on September 6, 1966 . He became the conductor and music director of the group.

The musical instruments involved in the orchestra are numbered to be more than a hundred. These bamboo instruments are in different sizes, designs, and shapes. Terms such as these would pertain to the instrument it was made to be:

● Bumbong - a sounding bamboo tube that when blown produces a pitch.

Fig. 4.1 The Bumbong

Source: https://iak.olx.ph/images_olxph/826499715_1_1000x700.jpg?bucket=04


● Talunggating - bamboo marimba played by a pair of mallets that plays the melody.

Fig. 4.2 The Talunggating

Source: http://bandakawayan.ph/img/instruments/marimba.png

● Kalagong - an instrument that sounds like a hollow gong when tapped by flat and

flexible surface tappers. It plays the bass line.

Fig 4.3 The Kalagong

Source: http://bandakawayan.ph/img/instruments/kalagong.png


● Tulali - bamboo flute.

Fig 4.4 A Tulali

Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Shakuhachi-2.png/220px-Shakuhachi-2.png

● Kalatok - bamboo knockers, percussive instruments that give off a pitch when struck

with a rubber mallet.

Fig 4.5 Kalatok

Source: http://bandakawayan.ph/img/instruments/kalatok.png

● Kiskis - bamboo scratcher that is played by rubbing a rattan stick on the ridges of the body.

Fig 4.6 Kiskis

Source: http://bandakawayan.ph/img/instruments/kiskis.png


The ensemble also houses rattles, drums, cymbal gongs, triangles, and the very unique Southeast Asian instrument, Angklung .

Fig. 4.7 The Angklung

Source: Crisco 1492 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0,

https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=40357779

Angklung of the Philippines

The angklung is a popular Southeast Asian instrument, made of two bamboo tubes attached to a bamboo frame. It originated from Indonesia as it was played as Sundanese music in the ancient times.

The tubes of the instrument are carved so that when it is struck it produces a very sonorous pitch. The two bamboo tubes sound an octave apart, making the tone sounding like one.


The base of the frame is held by the hand, while the other hand shakes the instrument swiftly from side-to-side, giving the instrument a repeating note sound. One angklung can only play one note, and so to make a melody, a lot of angklungs are needed to be played. This instrument can also be aligned in a rack with an array of pitches becoming a bamboo piano . In Filipino, the angklung bamboo piano is called, tipangklung . For the Pangkat Kawayan, it plays a counterpoint melody or baritone voice for the harmony.

Fig. 4.8 A Tipangklung

Source: © 2005 Sulfur, CC BY-SA 3.0,

https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=70484746

The instrument must be played vertically or in an upright position for easier playing.

The Angklung set for kids is made of 8 tones while the adult set can have a number of 15 , 18 , 37 , 43 up to 49 in tones.

The ensemble plays Philippine airs, light classics, folk songs, modern songs, and pop songs which cater to many people.


Try It Yourself

1. Observe how the angklung is played using this link. ● (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pwvrvUVsEp4).

2. If the angklung is available in your school, play the instrument using the technique you saw in the video. If not, imitate the movements used in playing the ensemble’s instruments.


Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.

1. Himig Pangkat Kawayan is also called ________________________________. 2. The orchestral group is formed through the initiatives of ______________________ in

Quezon City and Manila. 3. The first Himig Pangkat Kawayan was formed by ____________________ who is also the

conductor and musical director of the group. 4. The bamboo flute of the orchestra is called ___________________. 5. The bamboo knockers of the orchestra is called ________________. 6. The _________________ is a bamboo instrument that is rubbed against a rattan stick. 7. The _______________ is a popular Southeast Asian instrument which is made of two

bamboo tubes attached to a bamboo frame. 8. The angklung must be played _______________ for easier playing. 9. The Filipino term for angklung bamboo piano is ___________________. 10. The angklung plays the ___________________ melody.


Challenge Yourself!

Write True if the statement is correct and write False if the statement is not correct.

____________ 1. The two tubes of the angklung is an octave apart. ____________ 2. The bamboo piano of the Philippines is called talunggating . ____________ 3. One angklung can only play one note, and so in order to make a melody, a lot of angklungs are needed to be played. ____________ 4. The kalagong is an instrument that is tapped by flat and flexible surface tappers to sound like a gong. ____________ 5. The Himig Pangkat Kawayan was formed in 1968.

Let’s Jam!

1. Form groups of five. 2. Have a look at the bamboo instruments in your classroom and study how it is played. 3. Practice how each instrument must be played with proper form and striking.


Did You Know?

The original Musikong Bumbong from Malabon was instrumental for the plans of the Katipuneros to revolting against the Spanish regime in 1896. The instrumentalists were tasked to cart away weapons to the Katipuneros and hiding them from the guardia sibils during those times. They did this by hiding the bolos inside the instruments and smuggling them to the Katipuneros .

Web Links

● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmgxPAZyYps&t=6s

● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9Xp7w8xwzE

● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e3PcKtD8xlw&t=252s

● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWwNGUbgk-w&t=18s

● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y38MYxnBsgE


Performance Task

Activity 1

“Sulyap Lahi”: a Glimpse of Filipino Culture

Purpose:

At the end of this activity, the students should be able to:

● perform a piece in a Pangkat Kawayan style; ● sing and play a folk song in the right tune and tempo; and ● demonstrate proper technique and form in playing the instruments of the ensemble.

Role: You are cultural performers that are tasked to show the beauty of Filipino culture and resourcefulness through an ensemble presentation with song and dance.

Competence: The group must be able to present a Filipino song in an ensemble using improvised instruments.

Procedure

1. Form a group of six. 2. Get a folk song that you would like to make a rendition of. 3. Make your own instrument using recycled materials inspired by the Pangkat Kawayan

instruments you’ve learned about that could accompany your song. 4. Make presentation that would incorporate all the aspects of the ensemble and be as

creative as you can in performing it. You can add some dancing and acting as well. 5. Show your presentation in front of the class.


Key Questions

1. What kinds of instruments are needed to orchestrate the folk song? 2. What kind of materials should be used to make a lasting instrument? 3. Did the process of making the instrument show the resourcefulness of Filipinos?

Reflective Questions

1. What makes music-making in the Philippines unique? 2. Do you think that Filipino instrumental music is still relevant to this modern age? 3. How can you show the Filipino pride in music-making?

Self-Check


Reflect

I find __________________________ the most interesting because ______________________.

I got ____ checks because _______________________________________________________.

I need to improve on _______________________because _____________________________.

I need to practice _________________________ because _____________________________.

I plan to ___________________________________________________

__________________ .

Wrap Up


Bibliography

National Library of the Philippines. “Rondalla.” Accessed by February 7, 2019,

http://nlpdl.nlp.gov.ph:81/CC01/NLP00VM052mcd/v5/v41.pdf

Vitto, Leon. Dela Peña, Verne. “A Brief History of the Philippine Rondalla.” Strings of Unity. Accessed by February 7, 2019, https://stringsofunity.org/philippine-rondalla/

Santos, J. Sonny. “Rondalla Pioneers.” Accessed by February 7, 2019, http://jayars.tripod.com/pioneers.html

Del Mundo, Ofnel. “Mga Instrumentong Rondalya.” Accessed by February 7, 2019. https://www.slideshare.net/ofhel/mga-instrumentong-rondalya?next_slideshow=2

Cayabyab, Marc Jayson. “Malabon Bamboo Band remembers Katipunan Past”. The Philippine Star, Aug 18, 2018.

NCCA Philippines. “Musikong Bumbong.” Accessed by February 10, 2019 https://www.flickr.com/photos/nccaofficial/18261536209 Las Piñas Government. “Bamboo Organ.” Accessed by February 7, 2019 http://www.laspinascity.gov.ph/lifestyle/18/bamboo-organ “The Bamboo Organ of Las Piñas Philippines” Accessed by February 7, 2019 http://mypipeorganhobby.blogspot.com/2009/02/bamboo-organ-of-las-pinas-phillipines.html “Pangkat Kawayan” Accessed by February 10, 2019 https://365greatpinoystuff.wordpress.com/tag/pangkat-kawayan/ Manila Times. “How the Bamboo Organ was Assembled and Restored” Accessed by February 10, 2019 https://www.manilatimes.net/bamboo-organ-assembled-restored/311698/


Glossary

Angklung refers to a popular Southeast Asian instrument made of bamboo tubes attached to a bamboo frame. Bajo de arko refers to a four-stringed instrument that is as tall as a person and plays the low notes in pieces. Bajo de uñas refers to the four-stringed rondalla instrument. Bamboo Organ refers to the very first bamboo pipe organ in the world. Banda de Boca refers to the “Band of Mouth”, the first musikong bumbong Bandurria refers to a 14 stringed, pear-shaped lute Bumbong refers to bamboo tubes that are blown. Comparza refers to a semi-professional rondalla band. Estudiantina refers to a rondalla band of student musicians. Guitar refers to six-stringed instrument that serves as a harmonic guide and accompaniment in rondalla Himig Pangkat Kawayan refers to the orchestral group of bamboo instruments. Kalagong refers to a hollow gong tapped by surface tappers. Kalatok refers bamboo knockers. Kiskis refers to bamboo scratchers. Laud refers to a fourteen-stringed rondalla instrument that plays the alto part. Mano Derecha refers to the treble tones in the keyboard of the bamboo organ. Mano Yzquierda refers to the bass tones in the keyboard of the bamboo organ. Murza refers to a rondalla ensemble of street musicians. Musikong Bumbong refers to bamboo marching band in the Philippines. Octavina refers to a fourteen-stringed rondalla instrument that plays the tenor part. Pajaritos refers to the bird sound effects Piccolo refers to a smaller version the bandurria. Rondalla refers to an ensemble that originated from Spain which practices tradition of


plucking strings. Talunggating refers to the bamboo marimba. Tipangklung refers to a Filipino term for Angklung. Tulali refers to a bamboo flute.


Quiz


LESSON 1: Rondalla

I. Knowledge [Items 1-3. Simple recall of information presented]

1. Question Single Choice A ns

Explanation

From what country did the rondalla ensemble originate?

A. Brazil The rondalla tradition of plucking strings came from Spain and this ensemble was brought to us during the Spanish colonization.

B. Spain X

C. Portugal

D. Ecuador

2. Question SIngle Choice Explanation

What does rondo or ronda mean?

A. circles Rondo or ronda meant going around the village with guitar accompaniment.

B. going around the villages with guitar accompaniment

X

C. dancing

D. watchguards

3. Question Single Choice Explanation

Who was considered to be the Father of the Rondalla in the Philippines?

A. Remy Juan Juan Silos Jr. was the Father of Rondalla in the Philippines. He spearheaded many rondalla groups and showed the ensemble’s versatility in repertoire.

B. Frailes

C. Juan Silos Jr. X

D. Jose Cervantes


II. Process [Items 4-8. Comprehension, Application; may refer to Bloom’s Taxonomy]

4. Question Single Choice Ans .

Explanation

Which of the following is not part of the Filipino Rondalla?

A. violin X The violin is only found in the Spanish rondalla. B. laud

C. octavina

D. bandurria


Which of these music is not part of the repertoire of the rondalla?

A. danza The rondalla usually plays folk songs and these can be danza, march, and balitaw.

B. march

C. aria X

D. balitaw


What instrument from the rondalla must be used to play ornamentations and higher tones?

A. Bajo de Uñas Piccolo plays ornamentations and higher tones since it is the smaller sized bandurria.

B. Laud

C. Bandurria

D. Piccolo X


What instrument is needed to play the low and supporting tones but is as tall as a person?

A. Bajo de Arco X All the instruments play

some low and supporting tones

however only Bajo de Arco is as tall as

a person.

B. Bajo de Uñas

C. Octavina

D. Laud


Part III: Application and HOTS questions

8. Question Single Choice An s.

What instrument does the alto line in the ensemble?

A. Laud X The Laud plays the counter-melody or alto line in the ensemble.

B. Octavina

C. Bajo de arco

D. Piccolo

9. Question Single Choice

What instrument is 14-stringed but has f-shaped holes and a flat back?

A. Piccolo The laud has f-shaped holes and a flat back. B. Bandurria

C. Octavina

D. Laud X

10. Question

Single Choice

A tenor line is highlighted in the ensemble, what could be the instrument heard?

A. Bandurria The octavina plays the brilliant timbre of the tenor line in the rondalla.

B. Bajo de arco

C. Laud

D. Octavina X

LESSON 2: Musikong Bumbong



Explanation


Who was the creator of Musikong Bumbong?

A. Juan Silos Jr. Felix Ramos is the creator of Musikong Bumbong, a native of Malabon and is part of the Katipunan.

B. Felix Ramos X

C. Nicanor Abelardo

D. Francisco Santiago


Musikong Bumbong instruments are made up of what material?

A. rattan All instruments in Musikong Bumbong is made of bamboo but some instruments especially the big ones, are made from bamboo and rattan.

B. bamboo

C. bamboo and rattan X

D. plastic and glue


Musikong bumbong is likened to what kind of music?

A. brass marching band

X Musikong Bumbong is likened to a brass marching band. B. string orchestra

C. piano

D. percussion



Explanation

Where did musikong

A. Marikina Musikong Bumbong


bumbong originate?

B. Bulacan originated in Tonsya, Malabon. C. Angono

D. Malabon X

5. Question Comprehension Explanation

Give the two known pieces of Musikong Bumbong for the Katipuneros. Categorize under Yes if the piece is part of the repertoire and No if not.

A. La Liga Filipina No The two known pieces are nationalistic pieces played by the Musikong Bumbong for the Katipuneros.

B. Veteranos de la Revolucion

Yes

C. Alerta Katipunan Yes

D. Sa Mahal Kong Bayan

No


Check the examples of modern musikong bumbong bands that still play to this day ? Choose Yes if the example still plays to this day and No if not.

A. Sta. Clara Musikong Bumbong

Yes Banda de Boca has already changed its name and was the very first Musikong Bumbong. Sta. Clara and Musikawayan are groups that still play to this day.

B. Musikawayan, D’original Musikong Bumbong

Yes

C. Banda de Boca No

D. Kawayan ng Katipunero

No


These are the initial goals of forming the Musikong Bumbong except for?

A. Nationalism The first goals of forming Musikong Bumbong is to establish a truly Filipino institution that showcases the skills and resourcefulness of the Filipinos.

B. Showcase Skills of Filipinos

C. Resourcefulness

D. Entertaining People

X



On what year was the Musikong Bumbong founded?

A. 1880 Musikong Bumbong was founded in 1896. B. 1896 X

C. 1899

D. 1885


How does a player produce a sound in the wind bamboo instruments?

A. Singing in the right tune with a leaf or paper between the lips.

X Singing in the right tune is essential for hitting the right tune for the wind bamboo instruments. B. Make the body of

the instrument vibrate

C. Blow and split the air in half to make a sound

D. Striking the body of the instrument

10. Question

Single Choice

Who is the co-founder of Felix Ramos?

A. Gregorio Kilala X The co-founder of Felix Ramos is Gregorio Kilala.

B. Gregorio Kidlat

C. Gregorio Kilat

D. Gregorio Ramos

LESSON 3: Bamboo Organ


1. Question Single Choice A Explanation


ns

Who was the inventor of the bamboo organ?

A. Fray Diego Cera dela Virgen del Carmen

X Fray Diego Cera an organ builder wanted to invent a pipe organ using bamboos.

B. Fray Diego Circa dela Virgen de Assumption

C. Fray Diego

D. Fray Damian


Where is the bamboo organ located?

A. Marikina The bamboo organ is located in St. Joseph Parish Las Piñas.

B. Las Piñas X

C. Pasay

D. Antipolo


What is the part of the keyboard that contains 32 tones for bass?

A. Mano Yzquierda X Mano Yzquierda is the bass part of the keyboard.

B. Mano Derecho

C. Pedal

D. Pajaritos



Explanation

What is the part of the keyboard that contains 29 tones for treble?

A. Mano Yzquierda Mano Derecho contains the treble part of the keyboard.

B. Mano Derecho X

C. Pedal

D. Pajaritos



What is the name of the bird sound effect in the bamboo organ?

A. Mano Yzquierda Pajaritos effect is used to make a bird sound effect in the bamboo organ.

B. Mano Derecho

C. Pedal

D. Pajaritos X


How many bamboo pipes are inside the bamboo organ?

A. 1,031 pieces of pipes.

All in all, there are 902 bamboo pipes. B. 902 pieces of pipes X

C. 102 pieces of pipes

D. 1,040 pieces of pipes


Who restored the bamboo organ so that it can be played again?

A. Johannes Orgelbau X Johannes Orgelbau was the one who restored

the bamboo organ.

B. John Organbau

C. Jonathan Orgelbau

D. James Organbau


What recognition did the National Museum of the Philippines give to the bamboo organ in 2003?

A. Bamboo Organ Foundation Recognition

Bamboo Organ was recognized as a National Treasure in 2003.

B. Gawad Urian

C. National Treasure X

D. Best in Bamboo Instrument


What foundation takes care of the

A. Bamboo Organ Festival

Bamboo Organ Foundation


continuous use of the bamboo organ and enrich the cultural tradition of Las Pinas?

B. Bamboo Organ Foundation Inc.

X Inc. was formed to take care of the continuous use of the bamboo organ. C. Bamboo Organ

Limited.

D. National Museum of the Philippines

10. Question

Single Choice

How many years did it take for the organ to finish?

A. Eight years X It took eight years to finish the bamboo organ. B. Nine years

C. Five years

D. Eleven years

LESSON 4: Angklung Ensemble/ Himig Pangkat Kawayan



Explanation

What does Himig Pangkat Kawayan mean?

A. Bamboo Group Himig Pangkat Kawayan means “Singing Bamboos of the Philippines”.

B. Singing Bamboos of the Philippines

X

C. Music of the Bamboos

D Bamboo Musical


Himig Pangkat Kawayan was formed through the initiatives of what organizations?

A. Radio Stations Himig Pangkat Kawayan was formed through the initiatives of elementary schools in Quezon City and Manila.

B. Elementary Schools X

C. Wealthy Families

D. Government



Himig Pangkat Kawayan can be likened to what kind of ensemble?

A. brass marching band It is an orchestra of bamboo instruments.

B. vaudeville

C. orchestra X

D. percussive ensemble



Explanation

What is a talunggating ?

A. blown bamboo tube

Talunggating is a bamboo marimba played with mallets. B. bamboo marimba X

C. bamboo hollow gong

D. bamboo flute


What is the tulali?

A. blown bamboo tube The tulali is a bamboo flute. B. bamboo knockers

C. bamboo hollow gongs

D. bamboo flute X


The Southeast Asian instrument found in the ensemble is?

A. rattle The Pangkat Kawayan houses the Southeast Asian instrument, angklung.

B. zitter

C. Ranat

D. Angklung X



All statements are true for the Angklung except for what?

A. One angklung can only play one note.

The angklung must be shaken or jarred in order to produce a sound. B. The angklung originated

from Indonesia.

C. The angklung tubes are an octave apart.

D. The angklung is tapped by tappers in order to make a sound.

X


Who is the first conductor and music director of Himig Pangkat Kawayan?

A. Jose Cervantes Victor Toledo is the first conductor and music director of Himig Pangkat Kawayan.

B. Leopoldo Silos

C. Chino Toledo

D. Victor Toledo X


What do you call the angklung in Filipino?

A. Tipangklung X The tipangklung is a term for Filipino angklung.

B. Angklung

C. Angklungan

D. Tangklung

10. Question

Single Choice

The following are ways to play the angklung except:

A. jarring the frame from side-to-side

The tubes must not be held as it will not be able to sound. B. play uprightly or in

KPI for Writers: [Please refer to this doc for details of criteria]

Directions: Read carefully and fill out the ‘Self-Rating’ column. ( Note: Target is at [3]

Successful performance.)


vertical position

C. shaking the frame

D. holding the tubes and shake vigorously

X

QS Writer: Click to enter your name.

Assigned Topic: Click to select Grade Level – Unit Click to indicate Unit No. – Unit Title

Criteria [1]

Below expectations

[2]

Needs Improvement

[3]

Successful performance

[4]

Exemplary performance

Self

-Rating

S/SCS Rating

Standa rds (DepEd Competencies)

Standards are not addressed. Integration of given competencies across domains is not evident.

Standards are somewhat addressed. Integration of given competencies across domains ( is insufficient.

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Further researched and addressed relevant DepEd competencies to make integration across domains consistently evident.

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Introdu ction, Essential Questions, and Wrap Up

Does not tap interest and prior knowledge. Unit overview is inadequate. Unit ends without a wrap up and a concept map.

Lesson activities did not address the essential questions.

Lesson is opened by the overview of the lesson. Limited attempt to tap interest and prior knowledge. Unit ends with limited review and limited concept map..

Essential questions iare meaningful but lesson activities did not address aspects of the questions.

Lesson is opened by tapping interest and prior knowledge, and giving an overview of the lesson. Units ends with a comprehensive summary of lessons and key points and concept map.

Stated questions are meaningful and relevant for target grade level. Activities addressed the questions.

Lesson is creatively opened by tapping interest and prior knowledge, and giving an overview of the lesson. Units ends with a comprehensive summary of lessons and key points, presented in a creative manner. Questions were meaningful and relevant to learners, framed the central idea and adequately address by the activities.

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Discuss ion and text boxes

Match between lesson content and objective(s) is lacking in the discussion proper; examples provided are irrelevant and inadequate; no opportunity for student practice

Discussion proper has limited match between lesson content and objective(s); relevant examples provided; limited opportunity for student practice.

Discussion proper has clear match between lesson content and objective(s); relevant and adequate examples provided; with opportunities for student practice.

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Content Accuracy

The content has 10 or more errors.

The content has 9 to 4 errors.

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The content has no errors.

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Criteria [1]

Below expectations

[2]

Needs Improvement

[3]

Successful performance

[4]

Exemplary performance

elf-Rati ng

C S/SCS Rating

Check Your Understanding, and Self- Check Assessment

This section is missing or may be present but does not follow the set guidelines, unclear and not concise.

They are not grade level-appropriate assessments and no attempt at differentiation.

Questions have no variety in difficulty levels. and are not aligned with the objectives.

Questions are not clear and concise; utilizes grade level-appropriate assessments but with little attempt at differentiation.

Varying difficulty of questions are given and are aligned with the objectives. Questions are somewhat clear and concise. They show relationship to all objectives in the unit; utilizes grade level-appropriate assessments with some evidence of differentiation.

Varying difficulty of questions are given and are aligned with the objectives. Questions are clear and concise. They show defined relationship to all objectives in the unit; utilizes grade level-appropriate assessments with evidence of differentiation.

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Perfor mance Task

This section is missing or may be present but does not aid learning at all.

Performa nce Assessment GRASPS was not followed.

This section provides psychomotor activities (at least 1 item per topic) that are appropriate for students but does not necessarily challenge the students’ creativity or resourcefulness. GRASPS was not followed.

This section provides psychomotor activities (at least 1 item per topic) that are appropriate for students and challenge their resourcefulness or creativity.

GRASPS was somewhat followed.

This section provides psychomotor activities (at least 1 item per topic) that are appropriate for students and challenge both of their creativity and resourcefulness.

Performance Assessment GRASPS was followed.

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KPI for Editors:

Directions: Read carefully and fill out the ‘Self-Rating’ column. ( Note: Target is at [3] Meets the Standard.)


Profes sional Writing and Other Support Features

Poor quality as evidenced by 8 or more errors in writing mechanics (e.g., clarity, spelling, usage and/or grammar). A huge section of plagiarized content is detected, and for rewriting. Did not follow the template.

Fair quality evidenced by 5-7 errors in writing mechanics (e.g., clarity, spelling, usage and/or grammar). Few plagiarized content is detected, and for revision. Somewhat followed the template.

Good quality evidenced by grade-level appropriate discussion, and 1-4 errors in writing mechanics (e.g., clarity, spelling, usage and/or grammar) No plagiarized content. Followed the template.

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10 - Point Quiz

10-point quiz in each lesson is lacking either in questions or in explanations or the quiz is poorly made, majority of the questions didn’t follow the guidelines.

Correspondi ng 10-point quiz is missing 1-2 numbers. Half of the items did not follow the guidelines .

Each lesson has a corresponding 10-point quiz, with complete explanations, and majority of the questions followed the guidelines.

Each lesson has a corresponding 10-point quiz, with complete explanations. And all of the questions followed the guidelines.

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Remar ks

Total

QS Editor: Assigned Topic: Click to select Grade Level – Unit Click to indicate Unit No. – Unit Title

C riteria

[4]

Exceeds the Standard

[3]

Meets the Standard

[2]

Approaching the Standard

[1]

Developing the Standard

Self-Ratin

g S/SCS Rating

Making Revisions

A bility to Revise

Makes revisions above and beyond what is expected. Revision has been exceedingly sufficient to improve

Makes some revisions above and beyond what is expected. Revision has been sufficient to improve the content,

Makes some revisions but somewhat lacks the ability to revise in a substantial way. Revision done has

Demonstrates a lack of ability to revise in a substantial way. Whatever revision has

been done has not been sufficient to

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the content, focus, structure, clarity, and

coherence of an earlier SG draft.

focus, structure, clarity, and


been somewhat sufficient to improve the content, focus, structure, clarity, and


improve the content, focus, structure, clarity, and


Makes relevant and meticulous adding/ substituting of relevant material to an earlier SG draft; meticulously deletes unhelpful material.

Adds/Substitutes relevant material to an earlier SG draft; deletes unhelpful material.

Somewhat adds/substitutes material to an earlier SG draft; somewhat deletes unhelpful material.

Does not add/substitute relevant material to an earlier SG draft. S

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Strengthens essential questions, objectives, introduction, transitions and wrap-up; creatively rewrites sentences that may be distracting; combines sentences that may be combined.

Makes revisions on essential questions, objectives, introduction, transitions and wrap-up; rewrites sentences that may be distracting; combines sentences that may be combined.

Makes minor revisions on essential questions, objectives, introduction, transitions and wrap-up; rewrites sentences that may be distracting; combines sentences that may be combined.

No revisions were done on essential questions, objectives, introduction, transitions and wrap-up; did not rewrite sentences that may be distracting.

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Ensures that mechanics ( grammar, punctuation and spelling) of final revision are nearly flawless.

Mechanics ( grammar, punctuation and spelling) of final revision has 2 errors; mechanics are mostly accurate and rarely impede meaning.

Mechanics ( grammar, punctuation and spelling) of final revision has 3-4 errors; mechanics are somewhat accurate and rarely impede meaning.

Mechanics ( grammar, punctuation and spelling) of final revision has 5 or more errors; mechanics have either not improved significantly or appear to be the only focus of the revision.

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C riteria

[4]

Exceeds the Standard

[3]

Meets the Standard

[2]

Approaching the Standard

[1]

Developing the Standard

Self-Ratin

g S/SCS Rating

Ensures that bibliography is complete and follows the CMS format.

Bibliography has 1 error in format.

Bibliography has 2-3 errors in format.

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A bility to

Comprehens ively incorporates

Incorporates constructive comments

Incorporates comments that

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Remark/s (if any):


Give Feedback

constructive comments that prove helpful to improving the content, focus, structure, clarity, and coherence of an earlier SG draft.

that prove helpful to improving the content, focus, structure, clarity, and


somewhat prove helpful to improving the content, focus, structure, clarity, and


but does not prove helpful to improving the content, focus, structure, clarity, and


rating. rating.

W ork Flow

Follows the guidelines established for Asana tasks; followed guidelines in encoding slides and quizzes.

Followed the guidelines established for Asana tasks; followed guidelines in encoding slides and quizzes, with 1-2 misses.

Somewhat followed the guidelines established for Asana tasks; followed guidelines in encoding slides and quizzes, with 3-5 misses.

Did not follow the guidelines established for Asana tasks; did not follow guidelines in encoding slides and quizzes, with more than 5 misses.

Punctuality of Submission

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Submitted on time (or on approved/adjusted deadline).

Submitted a day after the given deadline.

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