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TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

Apr 17, 2020

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Page 1: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.
Page 2: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

APTITUDEMeasure ability and potential

ACHIEVEMENTMeasure what you have learned

TYPES OF TESTS

Page 3: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

• Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon were hired by the French government to identify children who would not benefit from a traditional school setting and those who would benefit from special education

• It was only meant to be used for class placement

Page 4: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

Binet thought that as we age, we become more sophisticated in the ways we know about the world and so 6‐year‐old would answer questions differently than 8 year oldsAs a result, children were assigned a mental age (what a person of a particular age should know)Hoped they could use a test to help children, not label them

Page 5: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

Lewis Terman used Binet’s research to construct the modern day IQ test called the Stanford‐Binet TestIQ=Mental age/Chronological age X 100

An 8‐year‐old                  has a mental                    age of 10…                    WHAT IS HER IQ?A 12‐year‐old                  has a mental age of 9… WHAT IS HIS IQ?A boy has the mental age of 10 and an IQ of 200… HOW OLD IS HE?

STANFORD‐BINET TEST

Page 6: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests. A more common way to give IQ tests… does not use the formula but uses the same scoring systemMore helpful for determining the extremes of intelligence

WECHSLER TESTS

Page 7: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

ON THE SPECTRUM…When test takes fall below the mean score of 70 on IQ testMILD  50‐70MODERATE  35‐50SEVERE 20‐35PROFOUND UNDER 20GENIUSScore of above 140 on IQ test

EXTREMES ON IQ TESTS

Page 8: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

The test must be pretested to a representative sample of people and form a normal distribution or bell curve

STANDARDIZATION

Page 9: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

The extent which a test yields consistent results over timeSpilt halves or test–retest method

TEST RELIABILITY

Page 10: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

The extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to measureCONTENT VALIDITYDoes the test sample a behavior of interest?PREDICTIVE VALIDITY Does the test predict future behavior?

TEST VALIDITY

Page 11: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

Nature/Nurture controversy… to what extent is intelligence hereditary and what is learnedNATUREDown SyndromeNURTUREFetal Alcohol Syndrome (environmental)

HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT

Page 12: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

STUDIES OF TWINSIdentical twins have similar scores on intelligence tests.  Intelligence scores of adoptees are more like those of their biological parents than their adopted parents.  Brain scans of twins reveal similar brain volume and anatomy.

HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT

Page 13: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

SIBLINGSSiblings raised together are more similar in IQ than siblings raised apartChildren from deprived homes then moved into middle/upper class foster homes tend to increase IQ.School attendance results in increased IQ scores.  In fact, scores tend to steadily increase.  James Flynn observed that we start doing better on tests called the FLYNN EFFECT

HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT

Page 14: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

THE FLYNN EFFECTHEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT

Page 15: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

BIOLOGY AND INTELLIGENCEStanford psychologist Carol Dweck believes that intelligence is perceived to be biologically set 

Depends on one’s outlook/behavior

Page 16: TYPES OF TESTS - mrbrattshs.com · TYPES OF TESTS •Alfred Binetand Theodore ... STANFORD‐BINET TEST. David Wechsler developed another set of age‐based intelligence tests.

DOES INTELLIGENCE CHANGE OVER TIME?

By age 4, a child’s IQ can predict adolescent IQ scores

After age 7, IQ scores stabilize and the consistency of the scores increase with the age of the child.