- 1. Represented by Group I
2. Most of us take our teeth for granted until something goes wrong. Our teeth help us chew and digest food, play an important role in speech, and impact our health overall. And by brushing up on your dental health knowledge, youll be taking the first step toward giving your teeth the attention they deserve. How much do you know about your pearly whites? A tooth is divided into two basic parts: the crown, which is the visible, white part of the tooth, and the root, which you cant see. The root extends below the gum line and anchors the tooth into the bone. Your teeth contain four kinds of tissue and each does a different job. 3. The Parts of the Tooth The parts are as follows : Enamel. Enamel is the visible substance that covers the tooth crown. Harder than bone, enamel protects the tooth from decay. Enamel is made up of phosphorous and calcium. Dentin. Underneath the enamel you find dentin, which is calcified and looks similar to bone. Dentin is not quite as hard as enamel, so it is at greater risk for decay should the enamel wear away. Cementum. This tissue covers the tooth root and helps anchor it (cement it) into the bone. Pulp. Pulp is found at the center of your tooth and contains the blood vessels, nerves, and other soft tissues that deliver nutrients and signals to your teeth. 4. 5. Our teeth are divided upon 5 major divisions . which are: 6. Incisors are the eight teeth in the front and center of your mouth (four on top and four on bottom). These are the teeth that you use to take bites of your food. Incisors are usually the first teeth to erupt, at around 6 months of age for your first set of teeth, and between 6 and 8 years of age for your adult set. 7. Your four canines are the next type of teeth to develop. These are your sharpest teeth and are used for ripping and tearing food apart. Primary canines generally appear between 16 and 20 months of age with the upper canines coming in just ahead of the lower canines. In permanent teeth, the order is reversed. Lower canines erupt around age 9 with the uppers arriving between 11 and 12 years of age. 8. Premolars, or bicuspids, are used for chewing and grinding food. You have four premolars on each side of your mouth, two on the upper and two on the lower jaw. The first premolars appear around age 10 and the second premolars arrive about a year later 9. Primary molars are also used for chewing and grinding food. These appear between 12 and 15 months of age. These molars are replaced by the first and second permanent molars (four upper and four lower). The first molars erupt around 6 years of age while the second molars come in between 11 and 13 years of age. 10. Third molars are commonly known as wisdom teeth. These are the last teeth to develop and do not typically erupt until age 18 to 20, and some people never develop third molars at all. For those who do, these molars may cause crowding and need to be removed. 11. Problems with teeth :Tooth Decay Plaque Plaque is a biofilm consisting of large quantities of various bacteria that form on teeth.If not removed regularly, plaque buildup can lead to or periodontal problems such as gingivitis. Given time, plaque can mineralize along the gingiva, forming tartar. The microorganisms that form the biofilm are almost entirely bacteria (mainly streptococcus and anaerobes), with the composition varying by location in the mouth.[39] Streptococcus mutans is the most important bacterium associated with dental caries. 12. Caries (cavities) Advanced tooth decay on a premolar. Dental caries (cavities), described as "tooth decay", is an infectious disease which damages the structures of teeth.The disease can lead to pain, tooth loss, and infectious. The largest increases in the prevalence of caries have been associated with diet changes. Today, caries remains one of the most common diseases throughout the world. In the United States, dental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease, being at least five times more common than asthma. 13. Oral hygiene is the practice of keeping the mouth clean and is a means of preventing dental caries, gingivitis, periodontal disease, bad breath, and other dental disorders. It consists of both professional and personal care. Regular cleanings, usually done by dentists and dental hygienists, remove tartar (mineralized plaque) that may develop even with careful brushing and flossing. Professional cleaning includes tooth scaling, using various instruments or devices to loosen and remove deposits from teeth. 14. The purpose of cleaning teeth is to remove plaque, which consists mostly of bacteria.Healthcare professionals recommend regular brushing twice a day (in the morning and in the evening, or after meals) in order to prevent formation of plaque and tartar. A toothbrush is able to remove most plaque, except in areas between teeth. As a result, flossing is also considered a necessity to maintain oral hygiene. When used correctly, dental floss removes plaque from between teeth and at the gum line, where periodontal disease often begins and could develop caries. 15. Tooth abnormalities may be categorized according to whether they have environmental or developmental causes.While environmental abnormalities may appear to have an obvious cause, there may not appear to be any known cause for some developmental abnormalities. Environmental forces may affect teeth during development, destroy tooth structure after development, discolor teeth at any stage of development, or alter the course of tooth eruption. Developmental abnormalities most commonly affect the number, size, shape, and structure of teeth. 16. Quick facts about teeth 1. An average human being has around 32 teeth. This includes four wisdom teeth, eight incisors, four canines, twelve molars and eight premolars. 2. A person develops two sets of teeth in his entire lifetime. The first set is also known as your baby teeth which will start to lose by the time you reach six or seven years old. When you reach 21 years of age, you already have your permanent set of teeth. 3. The Peoples Republic of China has set aside September 20 as a national holiday for Love your Teeth Day. 4. In the 1800s, people who had false teeth in England ate in their bedrooms before gatherings and events at the dinner table. This unique Victorian tradition protected them against the embarrassment of having their teeth fall off while dining. 5. The ancient Chinese usually wrapped tiny parchment around their painful teeth which contained written incantations and prayers to relieve pain. 6. The ancient Greeks used pliers for teeth extractions. 17. 7. In Germany, a common Middle Age custom was to kiss a donkey to relieve toothaches. 8. A long time ago, humans utilized charcoal or ground up chalk, ashes, lemon juice, and honey-tobacco mixture to clean their teeth. It was only around a hundred years ago that the toothpaste was invented. 9. Dentists would recommend that you keep your toothbrush at least six feet away from your toilet to avoid many airborne particles that results from flushing. 10. Even before toothbrushes were invented, people used their fingers and twigs in cleaning their teeth. 11. Today, around forty percent of people over 65 years do not have a complete set of teeth. 12. In an entire human lifetime, the average person produces around 100,000 gallons of saliva. As people age, their salivary secretions also decrease making them more susceptible to dental diseases. 13. A root canal isnt usually painful. With the use of todays modern technology, root canals are nothing like what most people think it is. It can be as painless as a tooth filing. 18. Humans have two sets of teeth, primary (or baby) teeth and then permanent teeth, which develop in stages. Although the timing is different, the development of each of these sets of teeth is similar. Here are some facts about how people develop teeth: Teeth tend to erupt in parallel, meaning that the top molar on your left side should grow in at about the same time as the top molar on the right. Tooth development begins long before your first tooth becomes visible. For example, a babys first tooth appears at around six months of age, but development of those teeth actually begins during the early second trimester of pregnancy. 19. Conclusion Your mouth is important. Dont take your teeth or oral health for granted. For good dental health, brush and floss your teeth regularly, don't smoke, eat a healthy diet, and see your dentist regularly for dental cleanings and checkups. A healthy mouth makes for a healthy body ... and a pretty smile. 20. Group members Aparna Joshi (Leader) - Made ppt Anjali Tripathi - Collected information & pictures Anjali k - not contributed Ankita - not contributed Abhishek - not contributed Amit - not contributed Aditya not contributed 21. OUR special gratitude WE SINCERELY THANKS OUR ENGLISH TEACHER MRS. NISHI SHARMA MADAM FOR GIVING US SUCH A GREAT OPPORTUNITY TO EXPRESS OUR VIEWS ON THE GIVN TOPIC.
