Types of Metamorphism Regional metamorphism – Large scale – large volume of rock is affected – Associated with convergent plate margins and mountain building – Folding and faulting increase thickness of the crust – Occurs over a range of temperatures and pressures – Fluids are also present – Low grade to high grade metamorphism – Will have zones of contact metamorphism
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Types of Metamorphism Regional metamorphism –Large scale – large volume of rock is affected –Associated with convergent plate margins and mountain building.
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Types of MetamorphismRegional metamorphism
– Large scale – large volume of rock is affected– Associated with convergent plate margins and mountain
building– Folding and faulting increase thickness of the crust– Occurs over a range of temperatures and pressures– Fluids are also present– Low grade to high grade metamorphism– Will have zones of contact metamorphism
Regional Metamorphism
Metamorphic Grade
The following diagram illustrates the rock cycle. Match the lettered responses to the blank ovals on the diagram. (Note:
some letters are used more than once.)
Magma
Igneous rock
Sediment
5
3
1 2
8
7
4 6
• a) Cementation & Compaction (lithification)
• b) Heat and Pressure
• c) weathering, transportation, deposition
• d) Cooling and solidification
• e) Melting
Metamorphic rock
Sedimentary Rock
Rock Cycle
Geologic Structure
Rock Deformation
• Stress– Force applied to an area– Pressure– Differential stress – magnitude of stress is
greater in one direction
• Rock Strength– Rock’s resistance to deformation (stress)
Rock Deformation Cont.• Strain
– A rock’s response to stress
– Deformation resulting in change of shape or position
• Elastic deformation– Deformation is reversible, after stress is removed, materials
return to original shape, i.e. A rubber band
• Plastic deformation– Deformation is permanent
– Rock flow in response to stress
– Need high pressures and temperatures, generally deep in earth’s interior, i.e. Taffy
Rock Deformation Cont.• Brittle deformation
– Deformation is permanent– Rock break (fracture) or lose cohesion– Generally low temperature and low pressure,