Two Phase Flow Bibliography

Two-Phase Flow Bibliography

The Sizing of Relief Systems for Polymerization ReactorsDuxbury, H.A.The Chemical EngineerJanuary 1980, No. 352pp 31-37

Frontiers in Pressure-Relief DesignHuff, James E.Chemical Engineering ProgressSeptember 1988, p 44-51

Rupture Disks: A PrimerNazario, F.N.Chemical Engineering, June 20, 1988

Sizing Relief Area for Polymerization ReactorsBoyle, W.J.Chemical Engineering ProgressVol. 63, No. 8, August 1967pp 61-66

Scale-Up for Safety Relief of Runaway ReactionsFauske, H.KPlant/Operations ProgressVol 3, No. 1, January, 1984pp 7-11

What Are Fire Safe ValvesCory, J.M., Riccioli, F.D.Chemical EngineeringMay 27, 1985pp 147-148

A Quick Approach to Reactor Vent SizingFauske, H.K.Plant/Operations ProgressVolume 3, No. 3July 1984pp 145-146

Generalized Vent Sizing Monogram for Runaway ChemicalReactionsFauske, H.K.Plant/Operations ProgressVol 3, No. 4October 1984pp 213-215

Reliability of Pressure Protective Systems. A MarkovAnalysisDoelp, L.C., Thlbaut Brian, P.L.Ind. Eng. Fundam.1982,21,101-109

Selecting Pressure Relief ValvesEmerson, G.B.Chemical EngineeringMarch 18, 1985pp 195-200

How to Size Relief ValvesMukerji, A.Chemical EngineeringJune 2, 1980pp 79-86

Pressure-Relief Valves for Process PlantsKern, R.Chemical EngineeringFebruary 28, 1977pp 187-194

Sensitivity of Relief Valves to Inlet and Outlet Line LengthsVan Boskirk, Bruce A.Chemical Engineering, August 23, 1982, p 77

Effect of Forced Circulation Rate on Boiling-Heat Transferand Pressure Drop in a Short Vertical TubeSchweppe, Joeseph L. , Foust, Allan A.AIChE Symposium Series No. 5, Vol 49, p 77

Design of Emergency Venting System for Phenolic ResinReactors -Part 1Booth, A.D., M. Karmarkar, K. Knight, R.C.L. PotterTrans IChemE, Vol 58, 1980

Analysis of DIERS Venting Tests: Validation of a Tool forSizing Emergency Relief Systems for Runaway ChemicalReactionsKlein, H.H.Plant/Operations ProgressVol 5, No. 1January 1986pp 1-11

Emergency Relief Vent Sizing For Fire Emergencies InvolvingLiquid Filled Atmospheric Storage VesselsFauske, H.K., M. Epstein, M. Grolmes, J. LeungPlant/Operations Progress, Vol 5, No. 4, pp 205-208

DIERS Research Program on Emergency Relief SystemsFisher, H.G.Chemical Engineering ProgressAugust 1985pp 33-36

New Experimental Technique For Characterizing RunawayReactionsFauske, H.K., Leung, J.C.Chemical Engineering ProgressAugust 1985pp 39-46

Code Method for Evaluating Integrated Relief PhenomenaGrolmes, M.A., Leung, J.C.Chemical Engineering ProgressAugust 1985pp 47-52

Emergency Relief System (ERS) DesignFauske, H.K.Chemical Engineering ProgressAugust 1985pp 53-56

Large Scale Experiments of Emergency Relief SystemsGrolems, M.A., Leung, J.C., Fauske, H.K.Chemical Engineering ProgressAugust 1985pp 57-62

Sizing Relief Valves for Fire EmergenciesCrozier, R.A., Jr.Chemical EngineeringOctober 28, 1985pp 49-54

A Generalized Correlation for One-component HomegeneousEquilibrium Flashing Choked FlowLeung, J.C.AIChE Journal, Oct 1986Vol 32, No. 10, pp 1743-1746

Simplified Vent Sizing Equations for Emergency ReliefRequirements in Reactors and Storage VesselsLeung, J.C.AIChE Journal, October 1986, Vol 32, No. 10, pp 1622-1634

The Discharge of Two-Phase Flashing Flow in a Horizontal DuctLeung, J.C. , M. GrolmesAIChE Journal, Vol 33, No. 3March 1987

Sizing Relief Vents for Runaway ReactionsSingh, J.Chemical EngineeringAugust 1990

Experimental Emergency Relief System Design - Some Do and DoNot RecommendationsFisher, Harold G.Contribution to the Project Manual of the Design Institutefor Emergency Relief Systems

Runaway System Characterization and Vent Sizing Based onDIERS MethodologyLeung, J., Fauske, H.K.Presented at a BASF Consulting VisitNovember 3, 1986

Use of VSP Test Data for ERS DesignFisher, H. G.DIERS Meeting9/30 - 10/2/86

Using ARC and VSP Data Together for ERS DesignShaw, D. A.St. Louis, MoSeptember, 1986

Dynamic Testing and Maintenance of Safety Relief ValvesWoolfolk, W. H. , Sanders, R. E., Chemical EngineeringOctober 26, 1987

Runaway System Characterization and Vent Sizing Based onDIERS MethodologyLeung, J., Fauske, H.K.Plant/Operations ProgressVol 6, No. 2, April 1987

Thermal Runaway Reactions in a Low Thermal Inertia ApparatusLeung, J., Fauske, H.K., Fisher, H.G.Thermochimica Acta., 104 (1986) 13-29Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam

Computer Programming for Runaway Reaction VentingHuff, J. E.I.Chem.E.Symposium Series No. 85

A Practical Approach to Emergency Relief System (ERS) Designfor Runaway Chemical ReactionsFauske, Hans19th Annual Loss Prevention Symposium, Paper No. 55fAIChE 1985 Spring National Meeting and Petro Expo '85Astrohall, Houston, Texas, March 24-28

Overpressure During Emergency Relief Venting in Bubbly andChurn-Turbulent FlowLeung, J.C.AIChE Journal, Vol 33, No. 6pp 952-958

A Discussion of Large Scale Experiment and SAFIRE Code Development in Support ofDIERS Design MethodologyGrolmes, M.

Sizing Emergency Relief Systems on Vessels Containing MonomersHarmon, G. W. , W. W. StuperChemical Engineering ProgressMarch 1984

Piping of Pressure Relieving DevicesDriskell, L.R.

Petroleum RefinerJuly 1960pp 127-132

Pressure Relieving DevicesAnderson, F.E.Chemical EngineeringMay 24, 1976pp 128-134

Flashing Flows or: Some Practical Guidelines for EmergencyReleasesFuaske, H.K.Plant/Operations ProgressVol. 4, No. 3July 1985pp 132-134

An Evaluation of Incomplete Vapor Phase Separation in Freon-12 TopVented Depressurization ExperimentsGrolmes, M.A., Hans K. FauskeMulti-Phase Flow and Heat Transfer III. Part A: Fundamentalsedited by T.N. Veziroglu and A.E. BerglesElsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam, 1984

A New Bench Scale Apparatus for Characterizing RunawayChemical ReactionsFauske, Hans K., Leung, J.C.19th Annual Loss Prevention SymposiumPaper No. 56B

Thermal Runaways: Problems with AgitationHeat Flow Calorimetry-an Analytical Technique to IdentifyAgitation Hazards.Weir, E.D., Gravenstine, G.W., Hoppe, T.F.Plant/Operations ProgressVol 5., No. 3, July 1986

A Guide For Sizing Safety Relief ValvesBernstein, W.A.BASF I.O. MemorandumJune 25, 1981CERM# 418

Emergency Relief Considerations Under Segregation ScenariosLeung, J.C., Stepaniuk, N.J., Cantrell, G.L.Plant/Operations Progress (Vol. 8, No. 1)January 1989

Emergency Relief System Design for Reactive and Non-reactiveSystems: Extension of the DIERS MethodologyFauske, Hans K.Plant/Operations Progress, Vol 7, No. 3, July 1988, p 153

Computer Simulation of Polymerizer Pressure ReliefHuff, J.E.Chem. Eng. Progress-Loss Prevention Technical Manual7,45-57 (1973)

Pressure Relief Valve TechnologyCrosby Valve and Gage Co.October 1980

Pressure-Relieving DevicesLudwig, E.E.Chapter 7Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrochemical PlantsGulf Publishing CompanySecond Editionpp 240-286

Pressure Relief SystemsIsaacs, M.Chemical EngineeringFebruary 22, 1971pp 113-124

How to Estimate the Pressure Drop of Flashing MixturesPaige, P. M.Chemical EngineeringAugust 14, 1967

Analysis of DIERS Venting TestsPaper No. 55cPresented to the AIChE 1985 Spring National Meeting and PetroExpo

Hydrodynamic Aspects of Venting for Vessels Containing ViscousFluidsSkouloudis, Andreas N. , Heinz M. KottowskiPlant/Operations ProgressVolume 10, Number 2April , 1991

The Onset of Two-Phase Venting Via Entrainment in Liquid FilledStorage Vessels Exposed to Fire

Epstein, M. , H. Fauske, G.M. HauserJ. Loss Prevention Process Ind., 1989, Vol 2, January

Separation of Liquid from Vapour Upon Pressure ReliefMuschelknautz, S. , F. MayingerJ. Loss Prev. Process Ind., 1990, Vol 3, January

Venting of Vessels Containing Reacting Fluids: A Parametric Studywith SAFIRE and DEERSSkouloudis, A.N. , K. Bell, H.M. KottowskiJ. Loss Prev. Process Ind., 1990, Vol 3, January

Flow Through Emergency Relief Devices and Reaction ForcesHuff, J.J. Loss Prev. Process Ind., 1990, Vol 3, January

Critical Two-Phase Mass Flow Rates of Liquified GasesSallet, D.W.J. Loss Prev. Process Ind., 1990, Vol 3, January

Hydrodynamic Considerations of Venting with High ViscosityNon-Reacting FluidsOster, R. , K. Bell, H.M. KottowskiJ. Loss Prev. Process Ind., 1990, Vol 3, January

On The Prevention of Two-Phase Fluid Venting During Safety Valve ActionSallet, D.W.J. Loss Prev. Process Ind., 1990, Vol 3, January

Rapid Depressurization of Pressure VesselsHaque, A. , S. Richardson, G. Saville, G. ChamberlainJ. Loss Prev. Process Ind., 1990, Vol 3, January

The Design of Reactor Relief SystemsDuxbury, H. , A.J. WildayTrans IChemE, Vol 68, Part B, February 1990

Round Robin "Vent Sizing Package" ResultsLeung, J. , H. FisherInternational Symposium on Runaway Reactions

Application of the DIERS Methodology to the Study of RunawayPolymerizationKirch, L. , J. Magee, W. StuperPlant/Operations Progress, Vol 9, No. 1, January 1990

Process Safety Evaluation Applying DIERS Methodology toExisting Plant Operations

Fauske, H.K., Grolmes, M.A., Clare, G.H.Plant/Operations Progress (Vol. 8, No. 1)January 1989

Two Phase Flow Venting from Reactor VesselsLeung, J.C. , H. FisherPaper Presented at the ASME Winter Annual Meeting, November27-December 2, 1988, Chicago, Illinois

Two Phase Flow Discharge in Nozzles and Pipes - A UnifiedApproachLeung, J.C.Paper Presented at Loss Containment Conference, London9/12-14, 1989

General Guidlines for Vent Sizing Based on DIERS MethodologyFauske, H.Presented at DIERS User GroupOctober 1, 1986Atlanta, GA

A Review of Simplified Multiphase Flow Methods for EmergencyRelief CalculationsGrolmes, M.A. , J.C. Leung, H.K. FauskePaper No. 4aPresented at 1990 Spring National Meeting American Institute ofChemical Engineers, Orlando, Fla.March 18-22, 1990

The Discharge of Tow-Phase Flashing Flow from an Inclined DuctLeung, J.C. , M. EpsteinTransactions of the ASMEVolume 112, May 1990

Streetsmarts: SAFIRE Program for Design of Emergency PressureRelief SystemsShaw, D. ArthurChemical Engineering ProgressVol 86/ No. 7July 1990pp 14-17

Overpressure Protection of Batch Chemical ReactorsMarrs, G.P. , F.P. Lees, J. Barton, N. ScillyChemical Engineering Research and DesignVol 67, No. 4, July 1989

Transient Two-Phase Flow Discharge of Flashing Fluids

Following a Break in a Long Transmission LineGrolmes, M.A. , J.C. Leung, H.K. FauskeMulti-phase Flow and Heat Transfer III. Part A: FundamentalsEdited by T.N. Veziroglu and A.E. BerglesElsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam, 1984

Discharge of a Flashing Liquid through TubesSallet, D.W. , S.R. Rod, M.E. Palmer, W. Nastoll, M. GuhlerReactor Safety and Applications

Two Phase Flow Phenomena with Depressurization -Consequences for the Design and Layout of Safety andPressure Relief ValvesMayinger, F.Chem. Eng. Process., 23 (1988) 1-11

Flashing Inception in Flowing LiquidsJones, O.C.Journal of Heat TransferAugust 1980, Vol 102, 439-444

Critical Flow of Initially Subcooled Flashing Liquids: Limitations in the Homogeneous Equilibrium ModelYang, Y. , O.C. Jones, T.S. ShinNuclear Engineering and Design 95 (1986) 197-206

How Flashing Liquids Change Phase in PipelinesAnis, M. , P. ButhodThe Oil and Gas Journal, June 24, 1974

Two-Phase Flashing Flow in ConduitsDarwish, M.A.Desalination, 26 (1978) 285-297

The DIERS Users Group: A Forum for Development/Dissemination of Emergency Relief System Design TechnologyFisher, H.G.Plant/Operations ProgressVol 8, No. 2, April 1989

The Vapor Generation Term for Flashing Flow with ParticularReference to Chlorine and EthyleneMorris, S.D. , G. WhiteI. Chem. E. Symposium Series No. 85

Escape of Liquified Gases from Broken PipesDuiser, J.A.I.Chem.E.Symposium Series No. 85

Safer Relief Valve SizingWong, W.Y.Chemical Engineering, May 1989

One-Dimensional Modeling of Two-Phase Jet Expansion and ImpingementEpstein, M. , R. Henry, W. Midvidy, R. PaulsThermal-Hydraulics of Nuclear Reactors, Vol. II, 2nd Int'l Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal-Hydraulics, Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A., Jan 11-14, 1983 (ANS Order No. 700081)

Isothermal and Adiabatic Flow of Compressible FluidsLapple, C.E.Transactions of the Americal Institute of Chemical EngineersVol 39, 385 (1943)

Expansion of a Very Low Quality Two-Phase Fluid Through aConvergent-Divergent NozzleStarkman, E.S. , V.E. Schrock, K.F. Neusen, D.J. ManeelyJournal of Basic EngineeringJune 1994

Design Charts for Two-Phase Flashing Flow in EmergencyPressure Relief SystemsFirst, K.E., Huff, J.E.Plant/Operations Progress (Vol. 8, No. 1)January 1989

Size Relief Systems for Two-Phase FlowRichter, S.H.Hydrocarbon ProcessingJuly 1978pp 145-152

A Pressure Drop Correlation for Gas/Liquid Pipe Flow with a SmallLiquid HoldupHamersma, P.J. , J. HartChem. Eng. Sci., Vol 42, No. 5, pp 1187-1196, 1987

A Mechanistic Model for Two-Phase Annular-Mist Flow in VerticalPipesYao, S.C. , N.D. SylverterAIChE J., June 1987, Vol. 33, No. 6

Bubble Size in Horizontal PipelinesHesketh, R.P., Russell, T.W.F., Etchells, A.W.

AIChE Juornal, Vol 33, No.4pp 663-667

Droplet Dynamics in Vertical Gas-Liquid Annular FlowLopes, J.C.B, Dukler, A.E.AIChE Journal, June 1987, Vol 33, No. 6pp 1013-1023

The Discharge of Saturated Water Through TubesFauske, H.K.Chemical Progress Symposium SeriesNo. 59, Vol 61, pp 210-216

Thermodynamic and Fluid Dynamic Effects in EmergencyBlow-Downs of Chemical ReactorsGartner, D., Giesbrecht, H., Leuckel, W.German Chemical Engineering2(1979) 122-130

How to Size Piping and Components as Gas Expands at FlowConditionsKern, R.Chemical EngineeringOctober 13, 1975pp 125-132

Sizing Critical Flow OrificesNguyen, H.X.Chemical EngineeringJuly 2, 1979pp 105-106

Size Vapor Piping by ComputerWills, J.S.Hydrocarbon ProcessingMay 1970pp 149-155

Chemical Engineering Aspects of Two-Phase Flow-Part 1DeGance, A.E., Atherton, R.W.Chemical EngineeringMarch 23, 1970pp 135-139

Chemical Engineering Aspects of Two-Phase Flow-Part 2Phase Equilibria, Flow Regimes, Energy LossDeGance, A.E., Atherton, R.W.Chemical Engineering

April 20, 1970pp 151-158

Chemical Engineering Aspects of Two-Phase Flow-Part 3Transferring Heat In Two Phase SystemsDeGance, A.E., Atherton, R.W.Chemical EngineeringMat 4, 1970pp 113-120

Chemical Engineering Aspects of Two-Phase Flow-Part 4Horizontal Flow CorrelationsDeGance, A.E., Atherton, R.W.Chemical EngineeringJuly 13, 1970pp 95-103

Chemical Engineering Aspects of Two-Phase Flow-Part 5Mechanical Energy BalanceDeGance, A.E., Atherton, R.W.Chemical EngineeringAugust 10, 1970pp 119-126

Chemical Engineering Aspects of Two-Phase Flow-Part 6Verticle and Inclined-Flow CorrelationsDeGance, A.E.,m Atherton, R.W.Chemical EngineeringOctober 5, 1970pp 87-94

Chemical Engineering Aspects of Two-Phase Flow-Part 7Pressure Drop Sample CalculationsDeGance, A.E.,m Atherton, R.W.Chemical EngineeringNovember 2, 1970pp 101-108

Chemical Engineering Aspects of Two-Phase Flow-Part 8The Coupled Energy BalanceDeGance, A.E.,m Atherton, R.W.Chemical EngineeringFebruary 22, 1971pp 125-132

Turbulent Two-Phase FlowChenoweth, J.M., Martin, M.W.Petroleum Refiner

October 1955pp 151-155

Pressure Drop in Horizontal and Vertical Cocurrent Gas-Liquid FlowHughmark, G.A.I&EC FundamentalsVolume 2, No. 4November 1963pp 315-321

Designing For Two Phase Flow- Part 1Anderson, R.J., Russell, T.W.F.Chemical EngineeringDecember 6, 1965pp 139-144

Designing For Two Phase Flow- Part 2Anderson, R.J., Russell, T.W.F.Chemical EngineeringDecember 20, 1965pp 99-104

Compressible Flow in PipesGyori, IChemical EngineeringOctober 28, 1985pp 55-60

Proposed Correlation of Data for Isothermal Two Phase, TwoComponent Flow in PipesLockhart, R.W., Martinelli, R.C.Chemical Engineering ProgressVol 45, No. 1, Jan 1949pp 39-48

Cocurrent Liquid-Gas Flow in a Pipe-Line ContactorAlves, G. E.Chemical Engineering ProgressVol. 50, No. 9, Sept 1954pp 449

New Relief Valve Gas EquationsWissmiller, I. L.Hydrocarbon ProcessingMay 1970pp 123

The Discharge of Two Phase Flashing Flow in a Horizontal DuctLeung, J. C. , M. A. GrolmesAIChE Journal, March 1987, Vol 33, No. 3pp 524

Predicting Two Phase Flow Friction Loss in Horizontal PipesOlujic, Z.Chemical EngineeringJune 24, 1985pp 45-50

What You Need to Design Thermosiphon ReboilersFair, J.R.Petroleum RefinerFebruary 1960pp 105-123

Two-Phase, Two Component Flow in the Viscous RegionMartinelli, R.C., Lockhart, R.W.American Institute of Chemical Engineerspp 681-704

Two Phase FlowGreenkorn, R.A., Kessler, D.P.Transfer OperationsMcGraw Hill Book Co.pp 243-251

The Discharge of Gases from a Reservoir Through a PipeLevenspiel, O.AIChE JournalVol 23, No. 3May 1977pp 402-403

The Two Phase Critical Flow of One Component Mixtures inNozzles, Orifices and Short TubesHenry, R.E., Fauske, H.K.Journal of Heat TransferMay 1971pp 179-187

Two Phase FlowPerryChemical Engineers Handbook5th Edition

Designing Piping Systems for Two Phase FlowCindris, D.T., Gandhi, S.L., Williams, R.A.Chemical Engineering Progress, March 1987pp 51-55

DIERS Two-Phase Flow MethodologySource Term for Vapor Cloud Dispersion and EvacuationImplicationsFauske, H.Presentation at the 23rd Annual Loss Prevention SymposiumAIChE Spring National MeetingHouston, Texas, April 2-6, 1989

Emergency Relief Requirements for Certain Organic Peroxides Basedon DIERS MethodologyGrolmes, M. , M.J. KingPaper No. 10ePresentation at the 23rd Annual Loss Prevention SymposiumSponsored by Group 11 - Safety and Health DivisionArea 11A - Loss PreventionAIChE Spring National MeetingHouston, Texas, April 2-6, 1989

A Generalized Correlation for Two-Phase Non-Flashing HomogeneousChoked FlowLeung, J.C. , M. EpsteinPaper submitted for Publication (July 11, 1989) in ASME J. ofHeat Transfer

DIERS ImplementationJanecek, W.J. , P.L. SimiskeyPaper No. 10BSpring 1989 Houston AIChE Loss Prevention SymposiumSession 10April 5, 1989

Scaling Considerations for Two-Phase Critical FlowGrolmes, M.A. , J.C. LeungMulti-Phase Flow and Heat Transfer III, Part A: Fundamentalsedited by T.N. Veziroglu and A.E. BerglesElsevier Science Publishers B.V.,Amsterdam, 1984 - Printed in theNetherlands

A Generalized Critical Flow Model for Nonideal GasesLeung, J.C. , M. EpsteinAIChE Journal, September 1988, Vol 34, No. 9pp 1568-1572

Runaway Reactions and Thermal ExplosionSmith, D.W.Chemical EngineeringDecember 13, 1982pp 79-84

Vapor Generation Model for Flashing in the Initial Blowdown PhaseWatanabe, T. , M. Hirano, F. TanabeNuclear Engineering and Design 103 (1987) 281-290

Similarity between Flashing and Nonflashing Two Phase FlowsLeung, J.C.AIChE JournalPaper #13318Submitted for Publication

The Design of Reactor Relief SystemsDuxbury, H. A. , A. J. WildayTran IChemE, Vol 68, Part B, February 1990pp 24-30

Maximum Flow Rate of a Single Component, Two Phase MixtureMoody, F.J.Transactions of the ASMEJournal of Heat Transferpp 134-142

Solve Flashing-fluid Critical-flow ProblemsLandis, R.L.Chemical EngineeringMarch 8, 1982pp 79-82

Charts For the Critical Flow of Freon-11 in Tubes of Length toDiameter Ratios from 8 to 200Grewal, S. , P. Howard, J. Linehan, M. Grolmes

Emergency Venting RequirementsHuff, J.E.Plant/Operations ProgressVol. 1, No. 4October 1982pp 211-229

Two Phase Flow Venting from Reactor VesselsLeung, J.C. , H. FisherJ. Loss Prev. Process Ind., 1989, Vol 2, April

A Generalized Correlation for Flashing Choked Flow ofInitially Subcooled LiquidLeung, J. C., Grolmes, M. A. , AIChE J., Vol 34, No. 4 pp688-691 (April 1988)

Monograph on Calculations for Pressure Drops - Two PhaseDRAVO EngineeringFlashing Flow

Simple Gassy and Hybrid SystemsLeung, J.Presented to DIERS Users Group MeetingGaithersburg, Maryland, April 20, 1988

Understand Two-Phase Flow in Process PipingCoker, A.K.Chemical Engineering ProgressNovember 1990pp 60-65

A Two-Fluid Model for Non-Equilibrium Two-Phase CriticalDischargeSchwellnus, C.F. , M. ShoukriCanadian Journal of Chemical EngineeringVolume 69, February 1991pp 188-197

Application of the DIERS Methodology to the Study of RunawayPolymerization: Validation of the DIERS Methodology Using BlowDown TestsKirch, Larry , Joeseph W. Magee, Wanee W. StuporPlant/Operations ProgressVol 9, No. 1January 1990pp 11-15

Applying Calorimetry to PolymerizationKirch, L.S., Magee, J.W., Stuper, W.W.Chemical Engineering ProgressJune 1987pp 22-24

Designing Piping Systems for Two-Phase FlowCindric, David T. , Gandhi, Satish L., Williams, Ray A.Chemical Engineering ProgressMarch 1987, p 51

An Overview of Flammable Liquid Drum Storage Protection

Capizzani, R.E.Plant/Operations ProgressVol. 4, No. 3July 1985pp 139-143

Round-Robin "Vent Sizing Package" ResultsLeung, J. , H. Fisher(Methanol - Acetic Anhydride System)

Thermal Hazard Evaluation by Accelerating Rate CalorimeterTownsend, D.I. , J.C. TauThermochimica Acta, 37 (1980) 1-30

Relief System Reaction Forces in Gas and Two-Phase FlowHuff, J.Prepared for Presentation at the 25th Annual AIChE LossPrevention Symposium, August 18-22, 1991Session: Prevention, Detection, and Mitigation of EmergencyReleases

Early On-Line Detection of Exothermic ReactionsHub, L. , J. D. JonesPlant/Operations ProgressVol 5, No. 4, October 1986pp 221-224

Estimate Two-Phase Flow in Safety DevicesSimpson, L.L.Chemical EngineeringAugust 1991, pp 98-102

Clear Up Pressure Relief Valve Sizing RequirementsPapa, Donald M.Chemical Engineering ProgressAugust 1991pp 81-83

Sizing Safety Valve Inlet LinesCox, O.J., Weirick, M.L.Chemical Engineering ProgressNovember 1980pp 51-54

Size Safety Relief Valves for Flashing LiquidsLeung, J.C.Chemical Engineering ProgressFebruary 1992

pp 70-75

Blowdown of Pressure VesselsI. Computer ModelHaque, M.A., Richardson, S.M., Saville, G.Trans IChemE, Vol 70, Part BFebruary 1992

Two-phase Flashing Flow Methods and ComparisonsLeung, J.C., Nazario, F.N.J. Loss Prevention Process Industries, 1990, Vol 3, Aprilpp 253-260

Venting of Runaway Reactions with Gas GenerationLeung, J.C.Submitted to AIChE Journal for Publication

Discharge Reaction ForcesLeung, J.C.Presented at DIERS Users Group MeetingPittsburgh, PAApril 29 - May 2, 1991

Simple and Explicit Formulas for Friction Factor in TurbulentPipe FlowHaaland, S.E.Journal of Fluids EngineeringMarch 1983, Vol. 105/89

State of the Art Review of Pressure Relief Valve Design, Testingand ModelingPetherick, P.M. , A.M. BirkTransactions of the ASMEFebruary 1991, Vol. 113, p 46-54

Blowdown of Pressure Vessels I. Computer ModelHaque, M.A. , S.M. Richardson, G. SavilleTrans IChemE, Vol 70, Part B, February 1992

Size Relief Valves SensiblyCoker, A.K.Chem. Eng. ProgressAugust 1992

Size Relief Valves Sensibly - Part 2Coker, A.K.Chem. Eng. ProgressNovember 1992

Design Charts for Two-Phase Flashing Flow In Emergency PressureRelief SystemsFirst, K.E. , J.E. HuffInternational Symposium on Runaway Reactionspp 681

Venting of Runaway Reactions with Gas GenerationLeung, J.AIChE J.May 1992, Vol. 38, No 5, p 723

Round Robin "Vent Sizing Package" ResultsLeung, J.C. , M.J. Creed, H. FisherInternational Symposium on Runaway Reactionspp 264

An Analytical Approach to Hybrid System Relief SizingLeung, J.C.Presented at DIERS Users Group Meeting, Pittsburgh, PAApril 29 - May 2, 1991

Two Phase Flashing Flow Methods and ComparisonsLeung, J.C. , F.N. NazarioJ.LossPrev. Process Ind., 1990, Vol 3, April

ASME PTC 25-19XXPressure Relief DevicesIndustry Review DraftOctober 1992

Measurement of Flow Resistance of Rupture Disc DevicesContinental Disc Corp.

Venting Techniques for Thermal Explosionsde Groot, J.J. , A.H. Heemskerk6th International Symposium "Loss Prevention and Safety Promotionin the Process Industries"Oslo, NorwayJune 19-22, 1989

Safety Aspects of Organic Peroxides in Bulk Tanksde Groot, J.J. , D.M. Groothuizen, J. VerhoeffI&EC Process Design and Development, 1981, 20, 131

Discharge Reaction ForcesLeung, J.C.Presented at DIERS Users Group Meeting, Pittsburgh, PAApril 29 - May 2, 1991

Safety Aspects of Organic Peroxides in Bulk Tanksde Groot, J.J. , D.M. Groothuizen, J. VerhoeffI&EC Process Design and Development, 1981, 20, 131

Disengagement Prediction via Drift Flux Correlation Vertical,Horizontal and Spherical VesselsSheppard, C.M.Plant/Operations ProgressVol. 11, No. 4October 1992

Pressure Relief SystemsIsaacs, MarxChemical EngineeringFebruary 22, 1971p 113

The Two - K Method PredictsHooper, William B.Chemical EngineeringAugust 24, 1981pp 96-99

Calculate Head Loss Caused by Change in Pipe SizeHooper, William B.Chemical EngineeringNovember 7, 1988pp 89-92

Laminar Tube Flow Through an Abrupt ContractionChristiansen, E.B. , S.J. Kelsey, T.R. CarterAIChE J., Vol 18, No. 2pp 372-380

A Generalized Critical Flow Model for Nonideal GasLeung, J.C. , M. EpsteinAIChE J., Vol. 34, No. 9pp 1568-1572

Sizing Pressure Relief Valves in Flashing and Two-Phase Service: An Alternative ProcedureNazario, F.N. , J.C. LeungJ. Loss Prevention Process Ind., 1992, Vol 5, No 5pp 263-269

The Onset of Two-Phase Venting via Entrainment in Liquid Filled Storage Vessels Exposed toFireEpstein, M. , H. Fauske, G.M. HauserJ. Loss Prev. Process Ind., 1989, Vol 2, Januarypp 45-49

Transient Flow Phenomena and Reaction Forces During Blowdown of Gas at High PressuresThrough Relief Lines Behind Rupture DisksPerbal, R.DSM-ResearchGeleen (The Netherlands)

Measurement of Flow Resistance of Rupture Disc DevicesHuff, J.E. , K.R. ShawPlant/Operations ProgressVol. 11, No. 3July 1992pp 187-200

The Anatomy of an Acrylic Acid Runaway PolymerizationLevy, L.B. , J.D. PenrodPlant/Operations ProgressVol. 8, No. 2April 1989pp 105-108

Flashing Two-Phase Flow Including the Effects of Noncondensible GasesLeung, J.C. , M. EpsteinJournal of Heat TransferFebruary 1991, Vol. 113pp 269-272

The Effect of Oxygen on Vinyl Acetate and Acrylic Monomer StabilizationLevy, L.B.Process Safety ProgressVol. 12, No. 1January 1993pp 47-48

Nonideal Isentropic Gas Flow Through Converging-Diverging NozzlesBober, W. , W.L. ChowJournal of Fluids EngineeringDecember 1990, Vol. 112pp 455-461

Technology SummaryEmergency Relief Systems for Runaway Chemical Reactions and Storage Vessels: A

Summary of Multiphase Flow Methods - Final ReportA publication of the Design Institute for Emergency Relief Systems (DIERS) of the American Institute ofChemical EngineersISBN 0-8169-0390-5

Size and Design Relief HeadersHall, S.M.Chemical Engineering ProgressMarch 1993pp 117-122

Keeping Score in Rupture DisksBrazier, GeofChemical EngineeringSeptember 1993pp 155-157

Transient Flow Phenomena and Reaction Forces During Blowdown of Gas at High PressuresThrough Relief Lines Behind Rupture DisksPerbal,R.Process Safety ProgressVol 12, No, 4, October 1993pp 232-239

Design Charts for Two-Phase Flashing Flow in EmergencyPressure Relief SystemsFirst, K.E., Huff, J.E.Plant/Operations Progress (Vol. 8, No. 1)January 1989

Don't Become Another Victim of VacuumSanders, Roy E.Chemical Engineering ProgressSeptember 1993pp 54-61

What Force is on the Vessel Nozzle During Relief Valve VentingHodel, Alen E.Chemical ProcessingMarch 1994, p 11

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The Omega Method for Discharge Rate EvaluationLeung, J. C.Paper Presented at the Fall 1994 DIERS Users Group Meeting, Boston, Mass.

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Pressure Relief System Design for Vapor or Two-Phase Flow ?Wehmeier, G. , F. Westphal, L. FriedelTrans IChemE, Vol 72, Part B, August 1994

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Approximate Hazard Rating and Venting Requirements from CSI-ARC DataDe Haven, E.S.Plant/Operations ProgressVol. 2, No. 1January 1983p 21

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2-Parameter P-V Method for Flashing FlowLeung, JoePersonal Communication, 9 September 1993

Emergency Relief Systems for Runaway Chemical Reactions and Storage Vessels: ASummary of Multiphase Flow MethodsFAI/83-27Fauske and Associates, Inc.October, 1983

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Accurately Size Batch Reactor Relief SystemsTurner, Frank , Siegfried H. RichterChemical Engineering ProgressMarch 1995pp 33-43

FAI Process Safety NewsSpring 1995

Avoid Common Relief-Valve PitfallsBravo, Fabio , Delia Contreras, David JesterChemical Engineering ProgressAugust 1995, p 82

Application of the DIERS Methodology to the Syudy of Runaway Polymerization: Validationof the DIERS Methodology Using Blow-Down TestsKirch, Larry , Joseph W. Magee, Wayne StuperPlant/Operation Progress (Vol. 9, No. 1)January 1990, p 11

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Simplified Vent Sizing Equations for Emergency Relief Requirements in Reactors andStorage VesselsLeung, J. C.AIChE JournalOctober 1986, Vol. 32, No. 10, p 1622

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Improve the Design Of Fire Emergency Relief SystemsStickles, R. Peter , Georges A. Melhem, David R. EckhardtChemical Engineering ProgressNovember 1995p 50

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Emergency Pressure Relief Evaluation Procedures for Nonreactive Systems Subject toExternal Fire ExposureGrolmes, M.CTI 95-66February 1995

Loss Coefficient, Discharge Coefficient and Equivalent LengthGrolmes, M.CTI 95-94May 1995

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Pressure Relief With Highly Viscous LiquidsFründt, JensProcess Safety ProgressVol. 16, No. 1, Spring 1997

Pressure Relief Sizing for Gas Generating ReactionsSingh, J., J. WildayThe 1996 IChemE Research Event/Second European Conference for Young Researchers

Recent Advances in Tank Blanketing and VentingOstand, P.R.Enviornmental Engineering WorldSeptember-October 1996

Runaway Phenomena in Low Density Polyethylene Autoclave ReactorsZhang, S.X., N.R. Read, W. Harmon RayAIChE JournalOctober 1996, Volume 42, No. 10, p 2911

Efficiently Evaluate Complex Pressure Relief SystemsWright, R.K., A.G. WalkerChemical Engineering ProgressJanuary 1997, p 102

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Rapidly Design Safety Relief Valve Inlet Piping SystemsWestman, Martin A.Chemical Engineering ProgressMarch 1997, p 80

Venting Characteristics of Beverage Cans and Lessons to be LearnedHans K. Fauske9th DIERS Users Group MeetingMay 1, 1991Pittsburgh, PA

Determine Two Phase Flows During ReleasesHans K. FauskeChemical Engineering ProgressFebruary 1999

Preventing Runaway Reactions: EPA Releases a New Case StudyChemical EngineeringOctober 1999

Relief Valve Design – Some Comments on Sizing, Standards and SuppliersF. P. Nichols20th DIERS Users Group MeetingScottsdale, ArizonaApril 14-16, 1997

Viscous Two Phase Flow Through Safety Relief Valves Engineering Design ReportR. Darby20th DIERS Users Group MeetingScottsdale, ArizonaApril 14-16, 1997

PRV Relief Systems: A Uniform Interpretation of Codes, Standards and PracticesJ. E. Huff21th DIERS Users Group MeetingPittsburgh, PAOctober 27-29, 1997

Multi-Segment Discharge Pipe FlowJ. C. Leung21th DIERS Users Group MeetingPittsburgh, PAOctober 27-29, 1997

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An Analytical Approach to Hybrid System Relief SizingLeung, J.C.Presented at DIERS Users Group MeetingPittsburgh, PAApril 29 - May 2, 1991

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Use Correct Conversions For Sonic Flow In Safety Relief ValvesPeters, J.K.Chemical Engineering ProgressJune 1996

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Study of the Runaway Characteristics of Suspension Polymerization of StyreneNemeth, S., Thyrion, F.C.Chem. Eng. Technol. 18 (1995) 315-323

The Onset of Two-Phase Veinting Via Entrainment in Liquid Filled Storage Vessels Exposedto FireEpstein, Michael, Fauske, Hans K., Hauser, George M.FAI Process Safety NewsNovember, 1996

FAI's Results for the September 1996 DIERS Emulsion Polymerization Round Robin TestFAI Process Safety NewsNovember, 1996

Easily Size Relief Devices and Piping for Two Phase FlowLeung, J.C.Chemical Engineering ProgressDecember, 1996

Properly Isolate Pressure Relief DevicesV. Edwards, D. DeMichaelChemical Engineering ProgressNovember 1999, 57-64

Proposal to Improve the Technical Basis for Sizing Pressure Relief Valves Based on Tank

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Modeling of the Upsurge Behavior for a Pressure Release of High Viscosity LiquidsJens Frundt, Artur Steiff, Paul Michael WeinspachChemie Ingenieur Technik (68) 81961996

Specify the Right Sized Relief ValveVirginia CarilloChemical EngineeringApril 1999

Choice of Runaway Reaction Scenarios for Vent Sizing Based on Pseudo-adiabaticCalorimetric TechniquesJean Louis Gustin

Properly Model Relief SystemsMark G. Brosius, John L. Dial, IICEPJuly 1997

Practice Oriented Approach to the Design of Safety Valves and Their Blow-off Lines for theFlow of Gas/Vapor-Liquid MixturesJ. Schmidt, F. WestphalChem. Ing. Tech. 69, (7), 776-792 (1997)

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Viscosity Correction Factor for Safety Relief ValvesRon Darby, Kamyar MolaviProcess Safety Progress (Vol. 16, No. 2) Summer 1997

Quickly Design Subsonic Safety Relief SystemsMartin A. Westman

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Pressure Relief System Documentation: Equipment Based Relational Database is Key toOSHA 1910.119 ComplianceP. C. Berwanger, R. A. KrederProcess Safety Progress(Vol. 17, No. 1) Spring 1998

Critical Length Helps Calculate Compressible FlowItalo H. FarinaChemical EngineeringFebruary 1997

Make the Correct Conversions for Relief-Valve Sonic FlowsHendrick C. Van NessCEPJuly 1997

Utilize Plant Data from Emergency Relief Events to Test Design Methods: A Proposal to theAIChE DIERS Users GroupVictor H. Edwards, Walter B. HowardProcess Safety Progress (Vol. 16, No. 3) Fall 1997

Pipe Design for Robust SystemsMichael Bussler, Tony PaulinChemical EngineeringJune 1997

An Overview of SuperChems for DIERS: A Program for Emergency Relief System andEffluent Handling DesignsG. A. Melham, H. G. FisherProcess Safety Progress (Vol. 16, No. 3) Fall 1997

Modeling of Dispersion of Two Phase Releases: Part 1 – Conservation Equations and ClosureRelationshipsM. J. Pattison, R. Martini, S. Banerjee, G. F. HewittTrans. IchemE, Vol 76, Part B, February 1998

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Easily Design Safety Relief Vent Header SystemsMartin WestmanCEPOctober 1997

Emergency Relief System Design – Instruction ModuleRon DarbyPrepared for SACHEMarch 1997

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Case Studies of Incidents in Runaway Reactions and Emergency ReliefTa-Cheng Ho, Yih-Shing DuhProcess Safety Progress (Vol. 17, No. 4) Winter 1998

Emergency Relief Adequacy for Acrylic Polymerization ProcessesA. S. Balchan, D. A. Paquet Jr., J. A. KleinProcess Safety Progress (Vol. 18, No. 2) Summer 1999

Using Constant Slip Ratios to Model Non-Flashing (Frozen) Two-Phase Flow Through NozzlesScott C. Jamerson, Harold G. FisherProcess Safety Progress (Vol. 18, No. 2) Summer 1999

Aspects of Emergency Relief Design for Reactive SystemsDavid D. Goetz, Jeffrey S. SawreyProcess Safety Progress (Vol. 13, No. 4) October 1994

Sizing of Vent Cross Sections Against Explosions in the PSA Plants M 702 and M 719Dr. GiesbrechtBericht 199.0723.2Q99-07-23

Predictive Accuracy of Design Methods for the Relief Cross Sections on Chemical Reactorsin the Case of Two-Phase Flow DischargeLutz Friedel, Steffen KorfmannChem. Eng. Technol. 21 (1999) 7

Gas Flow Calculations: Don’t ChokeTrey WaltersChemical EngineeringJanuary 2000

Consider Bottom Venting for Emergency Relief of Reactive LiquidsKenneth Walter, Victor Edwards34th Annual AIChE Loss Prevention SymposiumMarch 6-8, 2000Atlanta, GA

Non-Conformance of Existing Pressure Relief Systems with Recommended Practices: AStatistical AnalysisPatrick Berwanger, Robert Kreder, Wai-Shan Lee, Aman A. Ahmad34th Annual AIChE Loss Prevention SymposiumMarch 5-9, 2000Atlanta, GA

Quickly Design Subsonic Safety Relief SystemsMartin A. WestmanChemical Engineering ProgressFebruary 1998

Use of Intelligent Software Agents in an Industrial Pressure Relief and Blowdown DesignToolA. StruthersComputers chemm. Engng.Vol 21, Suppl., pp S83-S88, 1997

Dynamic Modeling Helps Relief Valve Study During Live ICI ProjectS. N. Collins, M. Falgowski, T. I. MalikComputers chemm. Engng.Vol 21, Suppl., pp S911-S916, 1997

Emergency Relief Adequacy for Acrylic Polymerization ProcessesA. S. Balchan, D. A. Paquet Jr., J. A. KleinProcess Safety ProgressVol. 18, No. 2, Summer 1999

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An Experimental Study of Viscous Flows in ContractionsDavid A. McNeil, Jack Addlesee, Alistair StuartJournal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 12 (1999) 249-258

Properly Size Vents for Nonreactive and Reactive ChemicalsHans K. FauskeChemical Engineering ProgressFebruary 2000

Relief Sizing for Two Phase FlowRon Darby, Paul Meiller, jarad Stockton34th Annual AIChE Loss Prevention SymposiumMarch 5-9, 2000Atlanta, GA

The Study of the Esterification of Methanol and Acetic AnhydrideChilworth TechnologyFocus 2000 - No. 1

Ease Relief System Design and DocumentationShah M. AhmadChemical Engineering ProgressMay 2000

Evaluation of Two-Phase Flow Models for Flashing Flow in NozzlesRon DarbyProcess Safety ProgressVol. 19, No. 1, Spring 2000

Using Instrumented Systems for Overpressure ProtectionAngela E. Summers34th Annual AIChE Loss Prevention SymposiumMarch 5-9, 2000Atlanta, GA

Choice of Runaway Reaction Scenarios for Vent Sizing Based on Pseudo-adiabaticCalorimetric TechniquesJean-Louis Gustin

Batch Runaway Reactions Relief: Re-Evaluation of “Credible” ScenarioJasbir SinghProcess Safety ProgressVol. 16, No. 4, Winter 1997

Accidental Releases of Two-Phase Multicomponent Critical Flow from Horizontal PipesPaola Verlicchi, Paolo Leonelli, Gigliola SpadoniProcess Safety Progress, Vol. 19, No. 4, Winter 2000

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Wiedergabegenauigkeit von vereinfachten Methoden für die Auslegung derEntlastungsquerschnitte von Chemie-Reaktoren bei thermisch durchgehender ReaktionLutz Friedel, Steffen KorfmannTÜ Bd. 40 (1999) Nr. 3 – März

Prediction of Single- and Two-Phase Flow Contraction through a Sharp-Edged Short OrificeBen Bella Shannak, Lutz Friedel, Mahmound AlhuseinChem. Eng. Technol., 22 (1999) 10

Extrapolation of Laboratory Reaction Kinetic Data for Relief Vent Design in the Case of a

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Conceptual Design of Pressure Relief SystemsPaul W.H. Chung, Shuang-Hua Yang, Chao-Hong HeJournal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 13 (2000) 519-526

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Zur Druckentlastung in gasentlösend aufwallenden Systemen mit höherviskoser

FlüssigkeitsphaseDipl.-Ing. Siegfried Schemberg, WerdohlReihe 3: Verfahrenstechnik Nr. 303VDI Verlag

Technology SummaryEmergency Relief Systems for Runaway Chemical Reactions and Storage Vessels: ASummary of Multiphase Flow MethodsAIChE ISBN 0-8169-0390-5

Relief Systems HandbookCyril F. ParryPublished by Institution of Chemical EngineersISBN 0 85295 267 8

Guidelines for Pressure Relief and Effluent Handling SystemsCCPSISBN 0-8169-0476-6

Workbook for Chemical Reactor Relief System SizingContract Research Report 136/1998HSE BooksISBN 0-7176-1389-5