Twilight Tuesdays Sailing 3 rd Off the Water Session April 21, 2015.

Twilight Tuesdays Sailing

3rd Off the Water Session

April 21, 2015

**** Introducing ****

Twilight Tuesdays Sailing

Open for Fun to All CPYC Members and Their Guest

Twilight Sailing Tuesdays

Goals:

1.) Non Competitive Sailing Fun in Different Types of Boats....

2.) Sailing for Fun and Messing Around in BoatsUsing Boats provided by CPYC Members and Fleets

No Boat Required - Just Come and have Fun. Or come have Fun on your Own Boat, crewed by participants

3.) Diverse, Hands On Experience and Fun

4.) On and Off the Water Sessions in a more Social, Fun Setting

5.) No Boat Required.... Just Come and Have Fun!

6.) Learning in a non-stressed, adaptive Fun way. Each night the program will adapt to reflect the interests of those participating, general themes and Fun topics, announced in advance or based on interests of participants.

Always at least one entry level boat if you just want to get started

7.) Always Including Dinner and Free Beer ashore

Did I mention that this was all about

Fun?

and includes Dinner and

Free Beer?

April 21  Agenda

Knot of the Night“The Truckers Hitch”

How Sails Work and Improving Boat Speed

 The Importance of Safety at CPYC

Mast Tuning and Boat Setup

Serving on RC - An Overview (by Dick Thackaberry)

Simplified Racing Rules

Reminder!

Following the final April 28, 2015 Off the Water Session-----

JOIN US FOR On The Water SAILING FUN ON MAY 5, 2015

Knot of the Night

“The Truckers Hitch”

Video of How To Tie a Truckers Hitch

Trucker's Hitch (Power Cinch Knot)

Click Here for Animated Version of How to Tie this Knot

https://youtu.be/bUsn0Vyyoy4

The Rolling Hitch

For and Animated guide to how to tie a rolling hitch Click Here

Click Here to view Rolling Hitch Video Guide

HOW DO SAILS WORK?

What Can we Do to Improve Their Efficiency in the Complex Conditions We Routinely Encounter

Nothing Is Constant

The wind over time:• Varies in velocity• Varies in direction

• Changes velocity as a function of height (wind gradient)• Sudden changes, gusts and puffs

The motion of the hull (and mast and sails) in water:• Pitches• Yaws• Rolls

GETTING SAILS TO PERFORM TAKES CONSTANT ATTENTION----TRIMMING---

The Classic Static View of Airflow over an Airplane Wing or Sail Acting as an Air Foil

As we will see this is very simplistic and does not replicate real conditions

The Slot - Acceleration

For a more detailed analysis see: http://www.wb-sails.fi/portals/209338/news/Ad_aerodynamics/index.htm

Consider the Jib-Main Combination

This is What the Flow Really Looks LikeDue To Windage and Turbulence

Even a “Simple” Opti sail has complex Flow Conditions

The Airplane Wing And

The Sail Are Very Different• The wing

• Long, high aspect ratio• Thick and relatively uniform• Low camber• Designed for a specific speed range and constant angle of attack• Has flaps to alter shape for landing and take off

• The sail- Low aspect ratio- Highly cambered - Thin and twisted- Must cope with different wind speeds and angles of attack- Uses control lines, sheets, outhaul, downhaul, halyards to control shape and angle of attack.

Actually Four Separate “Wings” on a Sailboat

• Mainsail Vertical and shaped just like a Horizontal Wing

• Jib Vertical and Matched to Shape of Mainsail

• HullVertical and Slicing through the Water and Canted due to Heeling

• Keel• Vertical and Canted due to Heeling

Wind Tunnels And Smoke Were Used to Visualize Flow.

But With Computing Power Now Available CFD And FSI Techniques

Accurately Model And Complete Flow Can Be Simulated

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=1qdPqTKBYzk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=1qdPqTKBYzk

Modelling Allows Us To Visual Flow As A Function Of Time

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m58zdJEsFvk&index=1&list=PLfR-cT9_3EN4juRNRo-URmYi6KG2zfDxo

Modelling Allows Us To Visualize Turbulence Created In The Wake Of Sails

THIS IS “BAD AIR”DO NOT FOLLOW

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nVg1b4z8ss&index=7&list=PLfR-cT9_3EN4juRNRo-URmYi6KG2zfDxo

Add Waves, More TurbulenceLook At This Star Sailing Upwind

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zCpVfFDYfWE&index=15&list=PLfR-cT9_3EN4juRNRo-URmYi6KG2zfDxo

It Looks Like This When the Star Bears Away

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8iRj6aLeCBQ&index=8&list=PLfR-cT9_3EN4juRNRo-URmYi6KG2zfDxo

The Downwind Case Can Also Be Modelled

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-wsThD3xKk&list=PLfR-cT9_3EN4juRNRo-URmYi6KG2zfDxo&index=14

We Cannot See The Flow And Turbulence But Can Use Sensors To Indicate The Effects

Tell tales To Adjust Jib Leads

When It Looks BeautifulCheck out this Video starting at about 1:15 for the latest in sail shapes in perfect conditions

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=81SV_h9c4GE

And When It All Goes Very Bad (music by Tchaikovsky)

What would you do in that situation, rig down, man in the water????

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4w3QwJdzwsE

SAFETY FIRST!

KNOW THE CPYC SAFETY GUIDELINES!

An effective SAFETY PLAN

Must include:

          PLANNING (discussed next)PREPARATION (club, fleet and personal)

    TRAINING (club, fleet and personal)     PRACTICE (starting May 5)

RACE SAFETY GUIDELINES   

If an accident occurs on the water

Stay calm

Always follow CPYC Safety ProceduresClick Here for CPYC Safety Guidelines

If there is a CAPSIZE:

Wear PFDStay with boat

Rescue all people first, then boatsPersonal distress signal.

Use Your Radio!Use Sound signals

Drop your Mainsail?

Plan for squalls, turning turtle etc.

Practice pulling people into each of our boats with and without PFDs on the victim.

You can’t lift by the PFD because the person is very likely to fall out of it, especially if he is tired or hypothermic.

Each Fleet should practice this so they know how to get into the support boats.

Rescuers frequently get into trouble. They MUST ALYAYS wear PFDs when going into the water to help.

1.On water Boats and RC volunteers should ALWAYS contact Club Manager Trey Lang first. Advise RC of your situation as soon as possible.

•Trey is a trained nurse and will be able to triage the situation and coordinate a response with you and Club Staff who will be on the water already.

•Communicate with VHF Radio via CHANNEL 78.

•DO NOT DIAL 911 on the Water. Use 911 Only on Land. •DO NOT USE YOUR CELLPHONE TO CALL 911

•If you don’t receive a response after the second attempt contact the Westport Marine Police on CH 16.

2. If you think it might be serious – call Trey on his cell (203) 952-9148.

Notify RC of your situation via VHF radio on designated channel.

3. Life threatening conditions include – hypothermia, serious bleeding, broken bones, head injury, unconscious – even for a second

4. Always take an on-water victim to Compo where Westport EMS is located

Never return to the club docks.

Quickest Transport Via Ambulance from COMPO

5. Always call Westport Marine Police on CH 16 even if you are bringing someone in yourself, they have extensive first aid and EMT gear and trained people on board and will meet you, help, and escort you in.

Due to Budget Cuts, they are not always on the Water!

Bring the club manager and RC up to speed on CHANNEL 78 once you have made contact with the Westport Marine Police so additional staff may either assist or replace you on the race course.

Race Committee Safety Responsibilities

1.Review the Safety Procedures with your Team every time you leave the dock.

Repetition of this material will allow for better decision making during a

crisis.

Review where the safety gear and boarding/swim ladders are located.

2. When and if a boat Capsizes RC should:

Have a support boat respond immediately

Have the support boat communicate with RC on Channel 78 once they have arrived at the capsized vessel.

Communicating the status of the situation back to the main RC boat is critical so further actions and support can be communicated back to CPYC Base

Trey Lang who is a nurse by training and will work with the PRO to deploy the right resources and respond appropriately given any situation.

A. If the vessel needs assistance, always wear a PFD when rescuing or assisting

B. Instruct competitors to ALWAYS stay with the boat

C. Rescue all people first, then boats

Remember……you can’t lift a person by the PFD

because the person is very likely to fall out of it,

especially if the person is tired or hypothermic.

D. If the competitor is having trouble righting the boat, have them remove their sails and wait for any squall to pass before attempting again.

E. If a boat turns turtle it may be necessary to attach a harness in order to right a boat

Trey and his staff is trained to use the necessary harness and shall take the lead on these procedures.

Each class has a different technique on how to properly right it, communicate with the skipper and discuss the course of action as it relates to that vessel.

RESCUE PEOPLE FIRST

DO NOT ALLOW PEOPLE TO REMAIN IN THE WATER AND TIRE!

HYPOTHERMIA IS REAL!

EQUIPMENT CAN BE REPLACED

1. Regardless of which point of sail you are on when a crewmember falls overboard, the figure eight method starts with yelling "Man overboard," throwing flotation devices and appointing a spotter.

2. The helmsman should immediately either head up or bear away (depending on which point of sail the boat is on) to a beam reach.

3. Sail six to eight boat lengths on a beam reach.

4. Tack and immediately bear away from the wind to a broad reach, but only briefly until you cross your wake.

5. Head up to a close reach, ease the sheets and pick the victim up on the leeward side with speed between 1 and 2 knots and sails luffing.

1. Shout "Man overboard," throw flotation devices overboard and appoint a spotter.2. The helmsman points the boat directly into the wind and comes to a stop or near stop. 3. Leaving the sheets alone, backwind the jib or genoa and tack. 4. Sail downwind in a circle around the person in the water. 5. Release the jib or genoa sheet and jibe the boat. 6. Head back toward the victim on a close reach with sails luffing and pick them up on the leeward side. Variations of this method include furling or dropping the forward sail when heading downwind or approaching the victim close hauled or head to wind rather than on a close reach.

Pros: The quick stop method is faster than the figure eight method.

http://sailing.about.com/od/navigationseamanship/ss/How-To-Rescue-A-Man-Overboard-In-A-Sailboat_4.htm#step-heading

Click Here for an Overview of how to Recover a Man Overboard

MAST SETUP AND TUNINGAn easy way to performance sailing

What’s wrong in this picture of two J-24’s ?

GOALS to Achieve Better Performance

1. A mast centered athwart ship2. A straight mast3. Proper rake4. Proper pre-bend5. Proper standing rigging tension6. Proper reference marks for jib trim and backstay

tension

Here is link to a comprehensive article applicable to one-design as well as off-shore boats

http://www.sailingbreezes.com/sailing_breezes_current/articles/March08/dellenbaugh.htm

One- Designs – Tuning Guides From Sailmakers and the

Fleets

Thistles are a good example:

http://www.onedesign.com/Portals/106/docs/Tuning%20Guides/north-thistle-tuningguide.pdf

http://www.indianapolissailing.org/rig_tuning_guides.php?nav=thistle

Starting at the Masthead

1. Working down the rig is centered and tensioned equally on both sides2.Use main halyard to center the mast tip by marking and moving side to side3.Sight up main track to determine if bend is present4. Use LOOS gauge to achieve proper tension on each pair of shrouds

Rake and Pre-bend

Rake achieved by lengths of forestay and backstayPre-bend achieved by placement and chocking of mast

Why Pre-bend is Important

Effect of Backstay Tension

Backstay Effect on the Sails

What is Wrong with this Hydraulic Backstay Setup?

It needs a batten taped to the cylinder and marked to indicate settings for quick reference

Guides on the Spreaders for Jib Trim

Race Committee Overview by Dick Thackaberry

Roles of the RCPRO

SRO Lower Deck Assistants Timers and Recorders Scorers

Flags and RC Signals (see following pages)

Typical Mark BoatsPin Boat

Upwind Mark BoatLeeward Mark boats

The Role of the Ollie Horn!Use of Hailers and Radio

FLAGS FOR THE START

a.The Class Flags (Div I, II, III & IV, Atlantic, Thistles, etc), Division 4 will be used only for Wednesday Nights. Divisions 1 and III will be used for Sundays for PHRF

b. Starting Sequence Flags - P, I, Z, and Black Flag

c. AP (Postpone) d. X (Individual) and General Recall flags (fixed on poles)

“A” Mid Line Buoy Placard Code flag “A” (long line)

“B” Mid Line Buoy Placard Code flag “B” (short line)

“T” (3 Minute Sequence will be used)

“H” No More Racing Today

Unique Starting Flags to CPYCDisplayed on Race Signal Boat Only prior to Sequence

FLAGS and RC Signals FOR THE COURSE (Needed on EACH BOAT):

H (no more racing for the day) C (Change of Course),

Digital “N” course boards are equipped on all the support boats Black Bands are needed for inflatable mark changes

M (Missing Mark) S (Shorten Course)

T (3 Minute Sequence will be used)

N (All races that have started are abandoned) i. A (Hoisted under N) (All races are abandoned- no more racing today) ii. H (Hoisted under N) (All races are abandoned- further signals made ashore)

Common RC Mistakes

Arriving at the Club Late

Leaving the Dock Late

Not being Decisive about where to anchor the RC Boat

Not Reading the Sailing Instructions, Fleet Preferences & RC Guidelines

Setting Courses that are either to long or to short for conditions on the water

Changing marks to frequently or not frequently enough

Not recording time of finishes for PHRF.

Setting courses for different Fleets that intersect at marks or at the finish

NO UPWIND AND DOWNWIND FINISHES AT THE SAME TIME

BASIC RACE EQUIPMENT (If you forget ANY of these, it will haunt you)

1.WIND STICK (That Metal Stick with telltales used to site the line) 2.CLOCK/WATCH with HR:MM:SECONDS to record START&FINISH TIMES 3.VHF RADIOS – TEST AND TUNE TO CHANNEL 78 (turn on before you leave the dock) 4.Handheld ‘Hockey Puck” Compass 5.Handheld VHF Radios 6.Cell Phone (Suggested as alternate to Radios, sometime better in emergencies7.Club Phone (203) 226-7411 – BRING YOUR YEARBOOK for best results 8.Tape Recorders (Available at the dock office). 9.Starting Flags and Course Cards (See above) 10.TEST YOUR OLLIE’S HORN – DON’T ASSUME ALL WORK! 11.Backup Ollie Horns – DON’T ASSUME ALL WORK! 12.Manual Air horns (at least TWO (preferably full) per boat)13.STARTING SEQUENCE CARDS (ALL DIVISIONS, & ONE DESIGNS) a. If you use the Big RC Boat these are placed on the starboard side of the main cabin. b. If you are using a smaller boat for RC (Privateer or Skiff) YOU WILL NEED to make sure you have a place to post these. 14.13. Mid Line Buoy Placards of code flag A (long line) & B (Short line) 15.14. Change of Course Equipment a. Digital “N” course boards are equipped on all the support boats b. Black Bands are needed for inflatable mark changes 16.15. Fleet Check in Sheets/Clip boards, score sheets, pen/paper

The 10 Basic Racing Rules

1. Port/Starboard – When boats are on opposite tacks meet the port tack boat must keep clear. Recommended that the Starboard Skipper assert his right of way by calling “starboard”

2. Windward/Leeward When boats are on the same tack. 2 Rules apply: • Windward boats keep clear • Overtaking boats keep clear

3. Changing Tack. While you are tacking you must keep clear of other boats not doing so and you must give the other boat room and opportunity to react.

4. Avoid Collisions with other boats that cause injury or damage. And hitting another boat is SLOW!

5. Buoy Room. When you round or pass a mark other than a starting mark you must give an inside overlapped boat room to round the mark.

6. Barging The buoy room rule does not apply on the starting line. Don’t luff pass head to wind on the starting line.

7. Over Early. Don’t be over the start line before the starting signal.

8. You can defend against an overtaking boat passing to windward by luffing your boat.

9. Don’t touch the marks.

10. If you infringe a rule take a penalty. For Some penalties one or two full turns clears your foul. If you do not you can be protested and disqualified in a formal protest committee.

11. No Yelling, make sure everyone is having fun aboard.

Starting a Sailboat Race

Click Here for Fundamentals of Starting

or go tohttp://on.aol.com/video/small-boat-racing---starts-

161780306

Upcoming Agenda April 28, 2015 1830 to 2030 Topics in approximate ½ hour blocks:

How to Start and Finish a Race (From Basics to Advanced) How to have Fun Sailing (come on Tuesdays!)

How to Be Invited Back as Crew What is Strategy and Why It matters in Racing or Cruising

What are Tactics and Why they matter in Racing or Cruising Preparing to Go Sailing on May 5, 2015