|1 Structure Analysis CHAPTER V ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE A. Model pengoprasian ETABS To analyze a necessary stage of building structural load calculations, after which a new analysis of the structure. Structural load calculations have been done in the previous chapter, and in this chapter will discuss the structural analysis. For structural analysis, the authors use special software to analyze the field of structure, namely by using ETABS Nonlinear version 9. Below are the steps to pengoprasian ETABS Nonlinear version 9 earthquake zone 3 daktalitas partial region. 1. Opening the program ETABS Nonlinear Version 9 a. Klick Start - All programs - Computers and Structures - ETABS version 9 or is made by clicking on the icon ETABS version 9 2kali available on the desktop (if the icon is on the desktop). b. Once in the open program ETABS version 9, it will display the "Tip of the Day" as in figure 5.1, if you want to bring up a box that each first open the program ETABS version 9 then remove the existing code in the box "Show Tips at Startup", then click OK to open a new worksheet.
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|1Structure Analysis
CHAPTER V
ANALYSIS OF
STRUCTURE
A. Model pengoprasian ETABS
To analyze a necessary stage of building structural load calculations, after
which a new analysis of the structure. Structural load calculations have been
done in the previous chapter, and in this chapter will discuss the structural
analysis.
For structural analysis, the authors use special software to analyze the
field of structure, namely by using ETABS Nonlinear version 9. Below are the
steps to pengoprasian ETABS Nonlinear version 9 earthquake zone 3 daktalitas
partial region.
1. Opening the program ETABS Nonlinear Version 9
a. Klick Start - All programs - Computers and Structures - ETABS
version 9 or is made by clicking on the icon ETABS version 9 2kali
available on the desktop (if the icon is on the desktop).
b. Once in the open program ETABS version 9, it will display the "Tip
of the Day" as in figure 5.1, if you want to bring up a box that each
first open the program ETABS version 9 then remove the existing
code in the box "Show Tips at Startup", then click OK to open a new
worksheet.
Figure 5.1. "Tip of the day"
1) Number of stories (number of floors) = 4
2) Typical story height (height between floors) = 3.5 m
3) Bottom Story Height (height of the ground floor) = 4.95 m
|2Structure Analysis
c. Then click New Model on the toolbar to open a new working model,
see figure 5.2. Then after exit diaolog New Model click No to
continue, see the picture 5.3.
Figure 5.2. "File Menu"
Figure 5.3. "New Model Initialization"
2. Determining the Geometry Structure
a. After you click No in the dialog box before the New Model
Initialization dialog box will appear Building Plan Grid System and
Story Data Definition. After that, enter the data as follows:
|3Structure Analysis
Once inserted the data - the data, click Custome Grid Spacing to edit
the grid. After clicking the Grid Spacing Custome then enter the
distance - the distance that the direction of the reference axis of the X-
axis and Y-axis unidirectional For Grid Display box as it is, there are
two options, namely ordinates to determine the distance using the
coordinate axes, and also Spacing to determine the distance to
mengguanakan distance between axis method. After the contents of
all, click ok.
Figure 5.4. "Building Plan Grid System and Story Data Definition"
Figure 5.5. "Define Grid Data"
|4Structure Analysis
b. Once that stage is complete then click OK, it will display the image
axis - the axis that has been in the last input as shown in Figure 5.6.
Figure 5.6. "Model Structure"
3. Determining Material
In a building there is a constituent element of the building
, And the elements that have different characteristics - different as steel
with concrete and other materials. To determine the characteristics of the
material - the material steps - steps are as follows:
a. Click the Define menu - Material Properties, see figure 5.7.
Figure 5.7. "Material Properties"
| Structure
b. After clicking on the Material Properties dialog box will appear
Define Materials, then click concreate (because the element structure
will be made from concrete), and then click the Modify / Show
Material, see in Figure 5.8.dan Figure 5.9.
Figure 5.8. "Define Material"
Figure 5.9. "Material Property Data"
c. After filling characteristics of concrete, now filling characteristics for
steel, by clicking on the Define Materials and click Steel, then
Modify. Then fill the Material Property for reinforcing steel. See
Figure 5.10.
Fy = 410 MPa
Fu = 550 MPa
|Structure
Figure 5.10. "Material Property Data" for steel
Once done click ok.
4. Determining Dimensions Beams and Columns
After determining the characteristics of the elements strutur
concrete and steel as well, the next step is to determine the dimensions of
the beams and columns making up the structure, the steps - steps are as
follows:
a. Click the Define menu, then Farme section. As in Figure 5.11.
Figure 5.11. "Menu Define Frame Properties"
b. In the Define Frame Properties dialog box to delete all existing
properties, so as not to confuse the search for properties to be created.
Then click the Add Rectangular. Then the dialog box will appear as
shown in Figure 5.12.
|Structure
Figure 5.12. "Define Frame Properties"
c. After clicking the Add Rectangular, then fill in the data Section Name,
Materials and Dimension to plan dimensional beam or column to be
made.
Beam profile data input B1 (250 x 400 mm), refer to Figure 5.13
Figure 5.13. "Rectangular Section"
d. For beam profile Beam click on the Design Type dialog box
Reinforcement Data. Then input the data concreate Center to Rebar
Center (thick concrete cover), for the Top and Bottom filled 0,004m as
in Figure 5.14.
|Structure
Figure 5.14. "Reinforcment Data"
To determine the beam profile - another beam using step - the same
steps as steps - steps listed above.
e. For profiles column, input Sections Name, Material and column
dimensions Dimension to plan what we want. Input profile data K1
column (250 x 500 mm). See Figure 5.15.
Figure 5.15. "Rectangular Sections"
|Structure
f. Then click Reinforcment, then fill in the data as follows:
1) Desidn Type (Type Design) = Column
2) Cover to Reba Center (Blanket Concrete) = 0.004 m
3) Number of Bars in 3-dir (Total reinforcement direction of the axis 3) = 3
4) Number of Bars in 2-dir (Total reinforcement direction of axis 2) = 3
5) Bar Size (Size reinforcement) = D16
can be seen in Figure 5.16.
Figure 5.16. "Reinforcement Data"
To determine the profiles columns - other column using the step - the
same steps as steps - steps listed above.
5. Determine the dimensions of plate
Because the building has a plate for floor - floor 2,3, and 4, it should
be planned profile of the plate itself, step - step determines the plate is as
follows:
a. Click on the Define menu, then select the Wall / Slab / Deck Section.
See Figure 5.17.
|Structure
Figure 5.17. "Menu Wall / Slab / Deck Section"
b. After that, choose Define Slab / Deck section on the dialog box, then click
Add New Slab. See Figure 5.18 below.
Figure 5.18. "Define Slab / Deck section"
c. After that fill the existing data in the dialog box Wall / Slab section,
as follows:
1) Section Name (profile name) = Plat 12 mm
2) Material (Material Type) = Concreate
3) Thickness (thickness)
Membrane = 0.12 m
Bending = 0.12 m
4) Type (Type profiles) = Shell (chosen this type because
considering the shear force acting on the plate). Check the box
Thick Plate.
Look at Figure 5.19.
|Structure
Figure 5.19. "Wall / Slab Section"
6. Determining the Response Spectrum Function
Because the building is designed to be earthquake-resistant in
accordance with ISO standards then need to be planned seismic load, while
the steps - steps as follows:
a. Clicking Define on the menubar, then select Response Spectrum
Function. As in Figure 5.20 below.
Figure 5.20. "Response Spectrum Function"
|Structure
b. In the dialog box Define Response Spectrum function, click Add User
Spectrum. For the type of earthquake in Indonesia is not contained in
ETABS therefore need to be made. See Figure 5.21.
Figure 5.21. "Define Response Spectrum function"
c. Then fill period and Acceleration / Perceparan earthquake to
earthquake zone 3 (Jakarta) in the dialog box Response Spectrum
function definition. See Figure 5.22.
Figure 5.22. "Response Spectrum function Definition"
7. Determining the Working Load
To determine the load and enter the type of load acting
, Steps - steps are as follows:
a. Select the Define menu, then click Static Load Case. See pictures
5:23.
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Figure 5.23. "Define Menu Stastic Load Case"
b. Input type - the type of work load and also the type - the type in the
dialog box Define Static Load Case Names. Type - the type that the
contents are as follows:
1) Add New Load to add the type of work load.
2) Auto Lateral Load, for the selected seismic load Users coeffisient
Load and then click Modify. See Figure 5.24.
Figure 5.24. "Define Static Load Case Names"
c. In the Users dialog box definied Seismic Loading. Click the EQ-X
earthquake load, then select Modify Lateral Load (to change the
direction of the earthquake). Similarly, the EQ-Y earthquake. See
Figure 5.25 and Figure 5.26.
|Structure
Figure 5.25. "User Menu definied Seismic Loading (for direction X)"
To determine the direction of the earthquake earthquake Y see Figure 5.26.
Figure 5.26. "User Menu definied Seismic Loading (for direction Y)"