2011-09-29 1 1 CHO, Bong Up United Nations Project Office on Governance(UNPOG) In Republic of Korea e-Government Development of Korea e-Government Development of Korea 26 September 2011 2 Contents I Korea’s e-Government in Brief V Suggestions: Tasks of e-leaders Key Achievements and Success Factors III Problems and Challenges Ahead IV Structure of Korea’s e-Government II Towards a Smart Government *Annex
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2011-09-29
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CHO, Bong Up
United Nations Project Office on Governance(UNPOG)
In Republic of Korea
e-Government Development of Koreae-Government Development of Korea
26 September 2011
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Contents
I Korea’s e-Government in Brief
V Suggestions: Tasks of e-leaders
Key Achievements and Success Factors III
Problems and Challenges AheadIV
Structure of Korea’s e-Government II
Towards a Smart Government*Annex
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I Korea’s e-Government in Brief
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A Journey to e-Government in KoreaA Journey to e-Government in Korea
Expansion of convergence sharing
� Implementation focused on usage and convergence
� Unification of implementation system for national informatization
31 major tasks for e-Government
� Execution of 31 e-Government Projects including
consolidated logistics and the sharing of administrative information
11 major tasks for e-Government
� Enacting the Act on e-Government(2001)
� Establishing e-civil service, e-procurement ,and NEIS
Promoting Informatization
� Building the foundation for high-speed infrastructure
� Enacting the Framework Act on Informatization Promotion(1996)
Patent administration is informatized including application, examination,certificate service, etc.
Online issuance ofcertifications
patent charge refund
PCT online application
AuthenticationCenter
Service available 24 hours, 365 daysService available 24 hours, 365 days
Both domestically and internationally
Real-time processing information provided
Online Processing System for PCTOnline Processing System for PCT
World’s 1st to establish online processing system for PCT
World’s 1st to exchange online documents with WIPO
Examination period for Patent applicationsIs Shortened to 9.8 months through enhanced efficiencyPersonnel expense savings are Personnel expense savings are 1.75million dollars saved from using the efficient KIPOnet system
Examination period for Patent applicationsIs Shortened to 9.8 months through enhanced efficiencyPersonnel expense savings are Personnel expense savings are 1.75million dollars saved from using the efficient KIPOnet system
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E-Procurement : KONEPSE-Procurement : KONEPS
Enhanced TransparencyEnhanced Transparency
Bidding procedures are now processed online in a one-stop process- In 2009, over 70% of Korea’s total public procurement (122 billion USD) was conducted
through KONEPS * Users: 191,000 businesses and 41,000 agencies
Enhanced EfficiencyEnhanced Efficiency
Information on all public biddings
One-time registration for bidding for all agencies and bidding documents submitted online
Saves US$8.1B worth of transaction costs
annually
Bidding and contract information open
Real-time checking of procurement processing
Reduced face-to-face meeting by work procedure automation
Korea received UN Public Service Award (PSA) in 2003 and was introduced as a best practice model for transparency enhancement by OECD
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Online Civil Service (Minwon24)Online Civil Service (Minwon24)
Number of documents and visits have decreased through online civil services
- Civil information inquiry, petition & application, document inquiry and issuance, etc.
Civil information inquiryCivil information inquiry
Online information services for up to 3,000 civil appeals
Online inquiry statistics:
410 types of documents (2005) →
3,020 types of documents (2010)
- Online business registration, tax payment and its certificates,
factory registration, etc.
Online document issuanceOnline document issuance
Issuance statistics:
8 types of documents (2005) →
1,280 types of documents (2010)
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III Key Achievements and Success Factors
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Key AchievementsKey Achievements
InfraInfra
G2GG2G
G4CG4CEnhanced transparency in policy
decision-making process by On-
Nara BPS
Standardized common business
forms used by central-local
governments
Quality Public Service(G4C)
Home document issuance
possible through G4C for 32
types of information
E-Tax administration through
HTS (Home Tax Service)
Customized welfare service
through NWP (National Welfare
Portal)
Transparent and EfficientGovernment (G2G)
Advanced Infrastructure
Establishment of National
Computing & Information Agency
Development of e-government
legislative framework
Investment in national Informatization as a driving force for economic growth
IT’s contribution to national GDP growth: 19.2%(2010)
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Success Factors(1)Success Factors(1)
Leadership from the President
Strategic and sustainable plans for 20 years
Nationwide change management program
Aligned e-Government projects with Performance Evaluation
Presidential Committee On Gov’t National Informatization Strategy Committee chaired by
the Prime Minister mediates and guides the administrative branches
Revision of the legislative system for government process reform
Strong Government Leadership
IT Governance
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Clear goals, objectives, short and long-term plans, with expected expenditure, income
streams and deadlines
Qualitative, Quantitative Performance Index (KPI) for nationwide level and each project level
Designation of an officer or organizing body in charge of project performance
Participation of experienced system Integration companies and specialized solution vendors
Adoption of practical technology; GIS (Geographical Information System), LBS (Location-Based
Service), Component Based Developing technology, etc…)
Service development based on the needs of citizens, company and other organizations
Civil Service closely related to everyday life
Customer-oriented e-Government Services
Performance-based Program Management
Technology Support
Success Factors(2)Success Factors(2)
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IV Problems and Challenges Ahead
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Problems and Challenges Ahead(1)
1. Increasing ‘Cyber threats’ such as Hacking, DDoS, Stuxnet
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China and Tibet
CyberwarGhostNet(2009.3)
Cyberwarbetween
Middle East(2000.1)
Cyber attack on Georgia Gov.
Website(2008.8)
Cyber attack on U.S Pentagon
(2007.6)
Cyber attack on Information network of
New Zealand and Australia(2007.9)
Estonia Crisis(2007.4)
Korean Gov.7.7DDoS3.4DDoS
GPS interruption
2. Theats to ‘Digital Privacy’
ICT development provides convenience
as well as threats of personal
information exposure
Internet ShoppingInternet ShoppingInformationInformation
Digital divide index for the disadvantaged : 28.9 points
* Informatization level of the disadvantaged reaches 71.1%
compared to the level of overall population
Problems and Challenges Ahead(2)
3. Digital Divide Digital divide index
Total Addiction in 2010 : 8.0%
* Teenager 12.4%,
Adult 5.8%
4. Internet AddictionNumber of Addicted people (thousands)
Addiction Rate (%)
5. Cyber Ethics
Harmful information such as malicious reply, spam and defamation, etc.
Incorrect information is made from speculation and rumors,
then disseminated through the Internet and cell phones causing harm to people 26
1. Cyber Threats and Digital Privacy1. Cyber Threats and Digital Privacy
• Cyber ethics education for citizens from primary school
• Voluntary campaigns for cleaning up the internet
• Education for preventing recurrence of cyber crimes
4. Cyber Ethics4. Cyber Ethics
The SunfullThe Sunfull(Good Replies) (Good Replies)
MovementMovement
3. Internet Addiction3. Internet Addiction
• Internet Addition Prevention
Training (130,000 cases)
• Internet Addiction Counseling
(80,000 cases)
2. Digital Divide2. Digital Divide
• IT Training for the
disadvantaged(50,000 persons)
• Second-hand PC distribution
(180,000 PCs)
• Information Network Village
for rural areas (362 villages)
Suggestions : Tasks of e-leaders V
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Suggestions : Suggestions : Suggestions : Suggestions : Tasks of eTasks of eTasks of eTasks of e----Leaders for successful eLeaders for successful eLeaders for successful eLeaders for successful e----Gov developmentGov developmentGov developmentGov development
Suggestions : Suggestions : Suggestions : Suggestions : Tasks of eTasks of eTasks of eTasks of e----Leaders for successful eLeaders for successful eLeaders for successful eLeaders for successful e----Gov developmentGov developmentGov developmentGov development
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Public-Private
Partnership
Public-Private
Partnership
AppropriateLegal
Frameworks
AppropriateLegal
Frameworks
ChangeManagement
ChangeManagement
Customer-orientedServices
Customer-orientedServices
EfficientOrganizational
Structure
EfficientOrganizational
Structure
SustainedInvestmentSustainedInvestment
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� e-Government initiatives with the most potential to impact everyday lives of citizens
such as resident registration, vehicle, customs clearance, employment, etc...
were given first priority, which became the foundation for e-Government* Korea's e-Customs, e-Procurement, and e-Patent solutions grew to become globally recognized brand products
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� In order to sustain e-government implementation, appropriate laws were enacted
during each phase ensuring a conducive environment for e-Government
* Act on Expansion of Dissemination and Promotion of Utilization of Information System (1986), Framework Act on
Informatization Promotion(1996), Digital Signature Act(1999), e-Government Act(2001), Act on Shared Utilization of
Public Administration Information(2010), etc.
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� 1% of the national budget was invested into e-Government construction every year
� Created and utilized the Information and Telecommunication Promotion Fund to build early e-Government* Appropriated 10% of the informatization budget for e-Government support projects by MOPAS in order to effectivelyimplement multi-ministry horizontal projects (2004)
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Tasks of eTasks of eTasks of eTasks of e----Leader (1)Leader (1)Leader (1)Leader (1)Tasks of eTasks of eTasks of eTasks of e----Leader (1)Leader (1)Leader (1)Leader (1)
Customer Oriented e-Government Services
Appropriate Legal Frameworks for Each Phase of e-Gov Implementation
Sustained Investment in e-Government Budget
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Efficient Organization Structure44
� Established supervisory committees to drive e-Government directly under the President or Prime Minister
� Assigned CIO for central and regional e-Government and created dedicated support structures
� Utilized specialized e-Government technical support agencies * National Information Society Agency , Korea Local Information Research & Development Institute
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� Overcame issues such as public officers' fear of workforce reduction due to e-Government deployment, and resistance in using information systems throughsustained change management education
* electronic system user training, public officer e-capacity development, informatization contests and so forth
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� Efficient role division with the government taking care of e-Government policy making, IT companies providing technology and skills, and citizens actively participating were key factors in e-Government construction and utilization
* Informatization Promotion Committee (1996), Special Committee on e-Government (2001), Presidential Committee on Government Innovation and Decentralization (2003), Presidential Committee on Government Information Strategy (2009)
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Tasks of eTasks of eTasks of eTasks of e----Leader (2)Leader (2)Leader (2)Leader (2)Tasks of eTasks of eTasks of eTasks of e----Leader (2)Leader (2)Leader (2)Leader (2)
Change Management of Public Officers in a Changing