TURKISH POWER SYSTEM st MARCH 2015 · PDF fileTURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY TURKISH POWER SYSTEM & 31 st MARCH 2015 BLACKOUT 3.SEERC Management Board Meeting 23 st

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY

TURKISH POWER SYSTEM &

31 st MARCH 2015 BLACKOUT

3.SEERC Management Board Meeting 23 st June 2015 Kyiv, UKRAINE


1- Overwiew of the Turkish Power System

2- March 31st 2015 Blackout Situation prior to disturbance

Available data, analysis

Conclusions, remedial actions

3- Restoration phase

Agenda


1- Overwiew of the Turkish Power System

Agenda


Grid Map


680 high voltage substations

66.000 -

400.000 V

54.000 km overhead lines

135.000 pylons

303 km underground cables

TEIAS in some numbers


114,0

118,5

128,3

126,9

132,6

141,

2

150,0

160,8

174,6

190,0

198,1

194,1

210

,4

230,3

241,

9

245,4

255,5

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

(%) 8,1 3,9 8,3 -1,1 4,5 6,5 6,2 7,2 8,6 8,8 4,3 -2,0 8,4 9,5 5,0 1,5 4,11

Yearly Consumption (TWh)


0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

50.000

60.000

70.0002001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

(%) 3,9 12,4 11,7 3,5 5,4 4,3 0,8 2,4 7,0 10,6 6,8 7,8 12,2 7,4

Installed Capacity (MW)

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY Installed Capacity Shares by Source & Peak Load

Installed Capacity : 71.500 MW Peak Load 2014

Renewable(hydro,wind,geo.): 40% (14.08.2014 / 14:30) : 41.002 MW

Others : 60,1%


Coal-Fired Power Plants (16.600 MW)

NGPP (24.400 MW)

Wind Power Plants (4.000 MW)

Hydro Power Plants (21.340 MW)

Location of the PPs in the Grid


0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

LONG YEARS AVERAGE 2013 2014 2015

HPPs Monthly Dam Levels (Million M3)

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY Daily Generation According to Resources


Renewable Energy Law

Installed Wind Power Capacity by years


Turkey’s aim is to have 20.000 MW Wind Power installed capacity by 2023.

0

20.000

40.000

60.000

80.000

100.000

120.000

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

20

16

20

17

20

18

20

19

20

20

20

21

20

22

20

23

MW

PEAK DEMAND INSTALLED CAPACITY CONNECTABLE WPP CAPACITY

INSTALLED TOTAL CAPACITY, MAXIMUM DEMAND, WIND POWER THAT CAN BE CONNECTED TO SYSTEM

Capacity Projection


600 MW solar energy will be connected to TEİAŞ system. Recently 1577 MW non-licensed Solar PP permission is given. By 2023, 30000 MW solar energy installation is planned.

Solar Energy


Organization of Power System and Flow Management

The national control centre is in charge of :

The nine regional control centre is in charge of :

Supervise grid Security ( 400 kV-220 kV ) Manage international flows Balancing mechanism Market operation (Balancing Power Market) Safety of the electrical system Operational planning (Y-1 => D-1) Ancillary Services

Supervise grid security (154 kV) Switching operations Contact with terrain staff


BULGARIA 145 km 400kV

136 km 400kV

GREECE 130 km 400kV

SYRIA 124 km 400kV

IRAN 73 km 154kV 100 km 400kV

NAHCİVAN 87 km 154kV

GEORGIA (B2B) 28 km 220kV 160km 400kV

ARMENIA 80,7 km 220 kV

400 kV 220 kV 154 kV

IRAQ 42 km 400kV

Interconnections


29 November 2010 17

MARITSA 2

PLOVDIV

MARITSA 3 TM

400kV

HABİPLER

THESSALONIKI

TM 69,635 km, 3B 954 MCM

ALIBEYKÖY TM

400kV

UNIMAR TM

400kV

BABAESKİ TM

400kV

2 x 150 MVA

380/154 58,257 km, 3B 954 MCM

GREECE PHILIPPI TM

400kV

HAMİTABAT TM

400kV

250 MVA

380/154

KAPTAN D.Ç

TM

400kV

İKİTELLİ

NEA SANTA TM

400kV

110,259 KM 3B

BULGARIA

TÜRKİYE 3x100 MVA

380/154

250 MVA

380/154

ATIŞALANI

YILDIZTEPE

BEYKOZ

ÜMRANİYE

3x100 MVA

380/154 152,434 km

22 km

ESIMI TM

VARIOUS TM

AUTO

TR AUTO

TR

150 kV

150 kV

21,227 km

2B

BLAGOEVGRAD

AUTO

TR

150 kV

ENTHES

TPP

AG.DIMITRIOS

TPP

AMIDEON

TPP

VARIOUS S/S

TR-ENTSO-E Connection


N60-1

N60-2

1P

2P

N60-3

3P

PLC

3P

23 PP

123 PPP

CH Atatürk8 Hydro Generators

Mw1—Mw8 Transducers

Breakers Pos.

N60-4

CH Keban8 Hydro Generators


Breakers Pos.

N60-5

CH Birecik6 Hydro Generators

Mw1—Mw6Transducers

Breakers Pos.

N60-6

CT Bursa6 Generators Combined

Cycle


Breakers Pos.

N60-7

CT Gebze6 Generators Combined

Cycle


Breakers Pos.

N60-8

CT Adapazarı3 Generators Combined

Cycle


Pos Interruptores

N60-9

Up to 12 Substations for LS

12 x F35

Trip Order for LS

Power Measured & Unit in Service


Trip for Generator

Trip for Generator

Bu

lga

ria

Gre

ece

TEIAS Project for Interconnection with Bulgaria and Greece

Scope Of Supply

SE 380 kV Habitabat

SE 380 kV Babaeski

161/34,3 kV Trafos

Turkey Power System

SCADA

Low Load &

High Load

2 x 5 C90Plusx ML 2400 Ethernet Switch

Master

PLC

N60-1

N60-2

1P

2PN60-1

N60-2

1P

2P

N60-3

3P

PLC

3P

23 PP

123 PPP



Breakers Pos.

N60-4



Breakers Pos.

N60-5

N60-3

3P

PLC

3P

23 PP

123 PPP



Breakers Pos.

N60-4



Breakers Pos.

N60-5



Breakers Pos.

N60-6


Cycle


Breakers Pos.

N60-7



Breakers Pos.

N60-6


Cycle


Breakers Pos.

N60-7


Cycle


Breakers Pos.

N60-8


Cycle


Pos Interruptores

N60-9


12 x F35

Trip Order for LS

Power Measured


Cycle


Breakers Pos.

N60-8


Cycle


Pos Interruptores

N60-9


12 x F35

Trip Order for LS



Trip for Generator

Trip for Generator

Bu

lga

ria

Gre

ece


Scope Of Supply

SE 380 kV Habitabat

SE 380 kV Babaeski

161/34,3 kV Trafos

Turkey Power System

SCADA

Low Load &

High Load

& Unit in Service


Trip for Generator

Trip for Generator

Bu

lga

ria

Gre

ece


Scope Of Supply

SE 380 kV Habitabat

SE 380 kV Babaeski

161/34,3 kV Trafos

Turkey Power System

SCADA

Low Load &

High Load

2 x 5 C90Plusx ML 2400 Ethernet Switch

Master

PLC

The SPS is aimed at avoiding separation of the Turkish Power System from ENTSO-E in case of disturbances in the Turkish EPS.

Special Protection System (SPS)

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY Special Protection System (SPS)

Mainly intended to activate, when needed, a fast generation dropping (GD) or load shedding (LS) of up to 1200-1400 MW by remote control via fiber optic (OPGW) channels.

Whenever active power flow through both Hamitabat (TR) – Maritsa East3 (BG) lines exceeds ± 1380 MW for 3,5 seconds, 3rd block of load will be shed. After 6 seconds if still exceeds ± 1380 MW 2nd block of load will be shed. If one of Hamitabat (TR) – Maritsa East3 (BG) is in service limit will be 1000 MW.

1) dΣP/dt|1.5’’

2) Overloading

|dΣP/dt|1.5” : Derivative of the algebraic sum of the power flow when 2 tie-lines in service, averaged on 1.5” time span |ΣP|1.5” : Algebraic sum of the power flow in 2 tie-lines, averaged on 1.5” time span Negative (-) : Import of Turkey from ENTSO-E Positive (+) : Export from Turkey to ENTSO-E


3 TIE LINES IN SERVICE

HIGH LOAD SYSTEM OPERATION LOW LOAD SYSTEM OPERATION

ΔP/Δt1.5”

MW/s

P1.5”

MW

ACTION

MW

ΔP/Δt1.5”

MW/s

P1.5”

MW

ACTION

MW

-900 -1300 LS ~1200 -750 -1300 LS 600-800

-700 -1000 LS ~800 -600 -1000 LS 400-550

-500 -800 LS ~400 -450 -800 LS 200-280

+750 +1200 GD 1200-1400 +700 +1200 GD 1200-1400

+600 +800 GD 800-1000 +600 +900 GD 800-1000

+450 +500 GD 400-600 +500 +600 GD 400-600

|dΣP/dt|1.5” : Derivative of the algebraic sum of the power flow when 2 tie-lines in service, averaged on 1.5” time span |ΣP|1.5” : Algebraic sum of the power flow in 2 tie-lines, averaged on 1.5” time span Negative (-) : Import of Turkey from ENTSO-E Positive (+) : Export from Turkey to ENTSO-E

dΣP/dt|1.5’’ Threshold Table

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY Special Protection System (SPS)

Generation Dropping: • Atatürk HPP (2400 MW) • Karakaya HPP (1800 MW) • Birecik HPP (600 MW) • Bursa NGCCPP (1400 MW) • Adapazarı NGCCPP (1595 MW) • Temelli NGCCPP (800 MW) Total ~8500 MW

Load Shedding: • B. Çekmece (110 MW) • İkitelli (310 MW) • Bağcılar (200 MW) • Davutpaşa (240 MW) • Habibler (67 MW) • Yıldıztepe (182 MW) • Yenibosna (240 MW) • Babaeski (30 MW) • Tepeören (210 MW) • Paşaköy (143 MW) Total ~1800 MW

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY Cross-Border Electricity Trade

• Started since 2011 June

– ENTSO-E -> TR 550 MW

– TR -> ENTSO-E 400 MW

• BG,GR – Monthly and Daily Auctions

• TR – Monthly Auctions

• TCAT (TEİAŞ CAPACITY AUCTION TOOL)

– https://tcat.teias.gov.tr

– Auction, Secondary Market, Nomination

https://tcat.teias.gov.tr/


2- March 31st 2015 Blackout Situation prior to disturbance

Agenda


March 31st 2015, Situation prior to disturbance

On 31st March 2015, Turkish Power System was affected by a serious incident, originating from the tripping of one heavily loaded 400 kV that led to disconnection of the Turkish power system from ENTSO-E CE grid and resulted in blackout. This event is the most severe disturbance in the Turkish Electricity Power grid since 17 August 1999, where the big earthquake led to blackout. The analyses were drafted using high-resolution measurements recorded in power quality devices which are installed on most of the substations. The blackout took 12 seconds after the first tripping.


At 10:00 (EET) Turkish Power System has 31700 MW of Load. On 31 March 2015 Gölbaşı-Kayseri South 400 kV Line was open in order to allow connection of new PPs in Anatolia Region and also to reinforce the existing corridor with double circuit line. Gölbaşı-Kayseri North 400 kV Line was open in order to allow above mentioned work for safety reasons. Kayabaşı-Bağlum 400 kV Line was open to move reactor and capacitor protection system into a new building. Oymapınar-Ermenek 400 kV Line is open due to a fault.

March 31st 2015, Situation prior to disturbance

4.800 MW


Available data, analysis

Agenda


General Causes of System Shutdowns Angle Instability Equipment Overload Switching Errors Cascading Outages Generator Overload Voltage Instability Weather Earthquake Geo-Magnetic Disturbances Fires Sabotage Control Systems Failure

If angle instability can occur, resulting in major system disturbances possibly including: generator tripping, system separation, and system shutdown.


08:00

110 MW

09:00

690 MW

10:00 10 deg -35 deg 18 deg -45 deg 21 deg -51 deg 10:35

1168 MW

10:36 -71 deg 33 deg

Angle Instability

According to findings from the Relay Records this line opened by LP1 Zone5 Protection (perceived as overcurrent) which was set to 1820 A with a time delay of 2 seconds.

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY 09:36:09:418 ,400 kV Osmanca- Kurşunlu OHL

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY Dynamic Model Simulation Result Frequencies

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY 09:36:10:984, 400 kV Atatürk – Yesilhisar (North) OHL

2) At 09:36:10:984, 400 kV Ataturk-Yesilhisar (North) OHL tripped .

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY 09:36:10:984, 400 kV Atatürk – Yesilhisar (North) OHL

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY 09:36:11:015, 400 kV Seydisehir – Adana OHL

3) At 09:36:11:015, 400 kV Seydisehir-Adana OHL was tripped . This line was loaded at 800 MW from east to west prior to the trip.

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY 09:36:11:015, 400 kV Seydisehir – Adana OHL

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY 09:36:11:142, 400 kV Elbistan B – Sincan OHL

4) At 09:36:11:142, 400 kV Sincan-Elbistan B OHL tripped. This line was loaded at 550 MW from east to west prior to the trip.


09:36:11:142, 400 kV Elbistan B – Sincan OHL

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY 09:36:11:204, 400 kV Sincan-Elbistan A OHL

5) At 09:36:11:204, 400 kV Sincan-Elbistan A OHL tripped. This line was loaded at 581 MW from east to west prior to the trip.

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY 09:36:11:204, 400 kV Sincan-Elbistan A OHL


09:36:11:243, 400 kV Ataturk-Yesilhisar (South) OHL

6) At 09:36:11:243, 400 kV Ataturk-Yesilhisar (South) tripped. This line was loaded at 468 MW from east to west prior to the trip.


09:36:11:243, 400 kV Ataturk-Yesilhisar (South) OHL


09:36:11:252, 400 kV Temelli-Yesilhisar (North) OHL

7) At 09:36:11:252, 400 kV Temelli-Yesilhisar (North) tripped. This line was loaded at 540 MW from east to west prior to the trip.


09:36:11:252, 400 kV Ataturk-Yesilhisar (North) OHL


09:36:11:317, 400 kV Temelli-Yesilhisar (South) OHL

8) At 09:36:11:317, 400 kV Temelli-Yesilhisar (South) OHL tripped. This line was loaded at 535 MW from east to west prior to the trip.


09:36:11:317, 400 kV Temelli-Yesilhisar (South) OHL

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY 09:36:12:441, 400 kV Babaeski – Greece OHL

9) At 09:36:12:441, 400 kV Babaeski – Greece OHL was opened with activation of out of step protection in NeaSanta.

TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY 09:36:12:441, 400 kV Babaeski – Greece OHL


09:36:12:442, 400 kV Hamitabat – Bulgaria 2 OHL

10) Circuit breaker of 400 kV Hamitabat-Bulgaria-2 OHL opened A phase contact at 09:36:11:963 and immediately after that at 09:36:12:442 the Line tripped.


09:36:12:442, 400 kV Hamitabat –Bulgaria 2 OHL


09:36:12:528, 400 kV Hamitabat-Bulgaria-1 OHL

11) At 09:36:12:528, 400 kV Hamitabat-Bulgaria-1 OHL was tripped due to activation of “out-of step” relay protection at Maritsa.

Thus Turkey was isolated from ENTSO-E Grid by activation of out of step protections at Bulgaria and Greek side. The duration of the limit violations is less than 1.5 sec (approximately 1.2 sec). In such a case, it is not expected to SPS to activate load shedding or generator dropping.


09:36:12:528, 400 kV Hamitabat-Bulgaria 1 OHL


Event Table


Generation

Consumption Generation

Consumption

52.30 Hz 48.02 Hz

March 31st 2015 Disturbance


Impacts of events on the frequency


Frequencies in the west and east of Turkey

East Turkey

West Turkey

Entso-e


Conclusions, remedial actions

Agenda


Conclusions, Remedial Actions

Improve maintenance coordination, especially series capacitor availability

Setup of operational limit for power transfer based on steady-state and dynamic calculations

Update, improve underfrequency load shedding scheme, include dispersed generation impact

Improve monitoring system and in absence of the dynamic analysis capability in the NCC, taking advantage of the identification of criticalities with the load-flow contingency analysis for detecting risky system operation conditions regarding the voltage angle difference.

Recordings, reports from power plants – compliance check with respect to disconnection settings and capability to stay connected during system transients

Check, tie-line protection settings, setup of additionally corridor/critical section SPS


3- Restoration phase

Agenda


09:36 – System Blackout

16:54 – Connection of West and East Islands (80% of the System was restored)

Average Restoration Time: 7 Hours 18 Minutes

March 31st 2015 Blackout, Restoration Phase


After the Black out the restoration plan was immediately started to be applied. The restoration plan of TEIAS is prepared to be started by dividing the system in 9 isolated islands; actually these are the 9 Regional Control Centers (RCCs) . The procedure is started simultaneously at each island with black start capability power plants distributed all over the Turkish Grid and complete the whole ring under the coordination of National Control Center (NCC). Both bottom-up and top-down approach were applied at the restoration, thus getting electrical energy from Bulgaria and starting the recovery from Trace region and then synchronize with Northwest Anatolia RCC is used. Each RCC has at least 3 restoration paths (some regions have 4 paths) and each path includes generators with black start capability inside.





North East Anatolia RCC

North West Anatolia RCC

South East Anatolia RCC

East Anatolia RCC

East Mediterranean RCC West Mediterranean RCC

Central Anatolia RCC

West Anatolia RCC

Thrace RCC

NCC









DEMİRKÖPRÜ

KEMER

KADINCIK

SEYHAN

ULUABAD

TATAR

KANDİL

KARACAÖREN-1

MANAVGAT

KEPEZ

SARES

11:36

BOSEN ENTEK

ASLANTAŞ

İKİZDERE DOĞANKENT

TORTUM


12:30 13:30 14:00 14:30 15:00 15:30 16:00 50.01 Hz 50.01 Hz 16:00 49.70 Hz 50.01 Hz 16:30 50.25 Hz 49.95 Hz 17:00 49.65 Hz 49.90 Hz 17:54 49.99 Hz 49.99 Hz 18:30 49.90 Hz 49.90 Hz 19:00 49.95 Hz 49.95 Hz 19:30 50.02 Hz 50.02 Hz


Fikret TARHAN Cem SALMA

Load Dispatch Departmant, NCC

[email protected] [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]
















































TURKISH POWER SYSTEM st MARCH 2015 · PDF fileTURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION COMPANY TURKISH POWER SYSTEM & 31 st MARCH 2015 BLACKOUT 3.SEERC Management Board Meeting 23 st

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