TURKEY COUNTRY REPORT MUSTAFA HAKKI AYDOĞDU [email protected] REGIONAL DIRECTORATE OF SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA PROJECT ADMINISTRATION
Dec 17, 2015
TURKEY COUNTRY REPORT
MUSTAFA HAKKI AYDOĞDU
REGIONAL DIRECTORATE OF SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA PROJECT ADMINISTRATION
DEMOGRAPHICAL STRUCTURE
• POPULATION (2000) (MILLION)POPULATION (2000) (MILLION):67,8:67,8
• POPULATION GROWTH RATE PER ANNUMPOPULATION GROWTH RATE PER ANNUM:1,8:1,8
LAND RESOURCES
• TOTAL AREA TOTAL AREA :78 mha:78 mha
• ARABLE LANDARABLE LAND :28 mha :28 mha
• ECONOMICALLY IRRIGABALE LANDECONOMICALLY IRRIGABALE LAND :8.5 mha:8.5 mha
• AREA UNDER IRRIGATION (GROSS)AREA UNDER IRRIGATION (GROSS) :4.5mha:4.5mha
Types of farmes, 2001 (%)
engaged only in animal husbandry
%2,36
engaged only in crop production
%30,22
engaged in both activities%67,42
Source: SIS
0,005,00
10,0015,0020,0025,0030,0035,0040,00
Average Size of Parcels (decar) (1994-2003)
WATER RESOURCES
• ANNUAL PRECIPITATION :643 mm
• USEABLE SURFACE WATER :110 Billion m³/year
• USED SURFACE WATER :29.6 Billion m³/year
• ESEABLE UNDER GROUND WATER :12 Billion m³/year
• USED UNDER GROUND WATER :6 Billion m³/year
CTERIA OF WATER RICHEXISTING OF USEABLE WATER>10.000 m3 /person Water rich country10.000-1.600 There is no water problem1.600-1.000 Good management water1.000-500 Need strong precaution in water use
<500 water poor country
TURKEY : 1735 m3 /y/perWORLD AVERAGE : 2150 m3 /y/per
Source:SPO
COUNTRY
WATER POTANTIAL
m3 /person
IRAQ 2020
LEBANON 1300
TURKEY 1735
SYRIA 1200
ASIA (average) 3000
WESTERN EUROPE (average) 5000
AFRICA(average) 7000
WORLD 2150
PER CAPITA USABLE WATER POTANTIAL
Source:SPO
Water consumption by sectors
Irrigation Drinking-Use Industrial Year Total water
consumption 106 m3
Potential use (%)
106 m3 (%) 106 m3 (%) 106 m3 (%) 1990 30,600 28 22,016 72 5,141 17 3,443 11 1992 31,600 29 22,939 73 5,195 16 3,466 11 1998 38,900 35 29,200 75 5,700 15 4,000 10 2000 42,000 38 31,500 75 6,400 15 4,100 10
ACTUAL WATER CONSUMPTION IN TURKEY, 1990-2000
Source: SPO
Water consumption by sectors
Irrigation Drinking-Use IndustrialYearTotal water
consumption106 m3
Potential use(%)
106 m3 (%) 106 m3 (%) 106 m3 (%)1990 30,600 28 22,016 72 5,141 17 3,443 111997 35,645 32 26,415 74 5,520 15 3,710 112000 42,000 38 31,500 75 6,400 15 4,100 102030 110,000 100 71,500 65 25,300 23 13,200 10
WATER CONSUMPTION TREND
IN TURKEY, 1990-2030
Source :SPO
CASE STUDY: SOUHTEASTERN ANATOLIA PROJECT
(GAP)
SYRIA IRAQ
TURKEY
Black Sea
TURKEY GAP GAP/ TR
Area (km2) 780,000 75,000 9.7%
Population (2000) 67’840,000 6’600,000 9.7%
Pop. GrowthRate per ann.(1985 – 1990)(1990 – 2000)
2.2 %1.83 %
3.5 %2.47 %
GAP v. TURKEY
TURKEY GAP GAP/ TR
Area (km2) 780,000 75,000 9.7%
Population (2000) 67’840,000 6’600,000 9.7%
Pop. GrowthRate per ann.(1985 – 1990)(1990 – 2000)
2.2 %1.83 %
3.5 %2.47 %
GAP v. TURKEY
TOTAL AREA*
GAP REGION9.7%
REST 90.3%
ECONOMICALLY IRRIGABLE LAND**PERCENT IN NATIONAL TOTAL
GAP REGION20.0%
REST 80.0%
Resources of GAPLand Potential of the GAP
EUPHRATES17%
E. MEDITERRA.6%
W. BLACK SEA5%
Other 46%
ANTALYA6%
E. BLACK SEA8%
TIGRIS11%
Average Annual Flow in Billion m3
9.9W. BLACK SEA11.1
11.1
14.9
E. MEDITERRA.
ANTALYA
E. BLACK SEA
31.6
86.2
21.3
Other
TIGRIS
EUPHRATES
Resources of GAPWater Supply by Drainage Basin
GAP Water Resources DevelopmentProjects
Total of 22 dams, 19 HPP
1.7 million ha, 7474 MW, 27 billion kWh
EUPHRATES RIVER
1. KARAKAYA Dam/HPP2. Lower Euphrates3. Border Euphrates4. Suruc – Baziki5. Adiyaman – Kahta6. Adiyaman – Göksu – Araban7. Gaziantep
TIGRIS RIVER
1. Dicle - Kralkizi2. Batman3. Batman - Silvan4. Garzan5. Ilısu6. Cizre
Interim
Results of Development
215,080 haIn Operation 12%
179,066 haConstruction 10%
404,421 ha Design Completed 23%
962,438 haPlanning 55%
Status of Irrigation Development
AS OF END 2002
248 MWConstruction 4 %1440 MW
Design Completed 19%
532 MW Planning 7%
5265 MWIn Operation 70 %
Status of Hydropower Development
TOTAL : 7485 MWINSTALLED CAPACITY- AS OF END. 2002
SAMPLE AREA
Since April 1995Harran Plain119,000 ha18,405 land owners112,088 people107 villages
DEVELOPMENT OF HARRAN PLAIN IRRIGATION 1992-2002
Use of water 1.1 billion cubm Change of income 15 million $ 81 million $
5.5 times
# of labour 17,6 h/ha 57,1 h/ha
3,2 times264000 person/day 844800 person/day
BENEFIT OF IRRIGATION IN HARRAN PLAIN
TOTAL AGRICULTURAL VALUE ADDED
TOTAL AGRICULTURAL VALUE ADDED
18
49,8
67,4
100,6
148,8160,1
172,2
113,8125
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Before 1996 19971995 1998
Million$ / Year
40,000 (ha)
60,000 (ha)
30,000 (ha)
90,000 (ha)
1999
103 000 (ha)
111 600 (ha)
2000
119 000 (ha)
116 000 (ha)
2001 2002
AGRICULTURAL VALUEADDED PER HECTAR
0
200
400
600
800
1.000
1.200
1.400
1.600
1.800
2.000
Before 1996 19971995 1998
596
1717
15161652
1987
$ / per hektar
Optimal conditions $ 4,350.00
1748
1999
1519
2000
1061 1116
2001 2002