CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Ferns (or ferns, or Filicophyta Pteridophyta), is a divisio plants that have had a true vascular system (kormus) but do not produce seeds for reproduction. Instead of seeds, these plants still use the group as as generative propagation tool, just like moss and fungi. Ferns (Pteridophytae) is the division of the kingdom Plantae whose members have roots, stems, and true leaves, and has a carrying nail. Plant vessels are often referred to kormofita spores as it pertains to the presence of roots, stems, true leaves, and reproduce asexually by spores . Ferns also known as vascular plant (Tracheophyta) as having carrying vessels. Nail plants scattered in all parts of the world, except the perpetual snowy areas and dry areas (deserts). A total of nearly 10,000 known species (3,000 of which are expected to grow in Indonesia), mostly grown in moist to wet tropical regions. These plants tend to be resistant to water limited conditions, may follow his behavior in the Carboniferous, which is also known as the golden age because o f ferns dominated the Earth's forests. Forest litter plant in this age fossilized as coal is now mined people. One member of the class Pteridophyta is Lycopodiinae (wire nails or spikes vines). Is a wild plant on roadsides, scrub or forests, often climbing in trees. Growing from the lowlands to the mountains from a height of 100 m to 2,000 m above sea level. 1.2 Problem Formulation 1.2.1 How Lycopodiinae morphology? 1.2.2 How Lycopodiinae classification? 1.2.3 How Lycopodiinae life cycle? 1.2.4 What are the benefits Lycopodiinae in life?
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