Tuesday, Nov 29 Objective : Explain Muscle Physiology BR:Label the muscles numbered 1- 3: 1. 2. 3.

Tuesday, Nov 29Objective:

Explain Muscle Physiology

BR: Label the muscles numbered 1-3:

1.

2. 3.

Tuesday, Nov 29Objective:

Explain Muscle Physiology

BR: Label the muscles numbered 1-3:

1.

2. 3.

4 MINUTES REMAINING…

Tuesday, Nov 29Objective:

Explain Muscle Physiology

BR: Label the muscles numbered 1-3:

1.

2. 3.

3 MINUTES REMAINING…

Tuesday, Nov 29Objective:

Explain Muscle Physiology

BR: Label the muscles numbered 1-3:

1.

2. 3.

2 MINUTES REMAINING…

Tuesday, Nov 29Objective:

Explain Muscle Physiology

BR: Label the muscles numbered 1-3:

1.

2. 3.

30 Seconds Remaining…

10 Seconds Remaining…

Time’s up! Put Bell Ringer in Folder

Today’s Agenda:

• Cornell Notes – Muscle Physiology

BICEPS

PECTORALIS MAJOR

RECTUS ABDOMINUS

OBLIQUE

QUADRICEPS

FIBULARIS LONGUS

TIBIALIS ANTERIOR

TRICEPS

DELTOID

GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

HAMSTRING

GASTROCNEMIUS

Cornell Notes

• Topic: Muscle Physiology• Write down/Summarize what is in blue

Skeletal Muscle Pairs• All muscles work in pairs.– They can contract and relax– cannot push or stretch

themselves.

• Ex: When your biceps contracts it flexes (bends) the elbow joint. At the same time it also pulls the triceps to make it longer. So the triceps is stretched by the biceps pulling it.

Muscle Pairs etc. • When the triceps

contracts is extends (straightens) the elbow joint, and at the same time it pulls the biceps and makes it longer. So these two muscles work together. Neither muscle can stretch itself, it must be stretched by its antagonist (partner).

Muscle Fatigue and Oxygen debt

• Muscle Fatigue = muscle is unable to contract even though it is being stimulated– Occurs because of oxygen debt = lack of oxygen

to muscle

• Oxygen must be “paid back” – that’s why you breathe heavily after exercising to increase oxygen to your muscles

Oxygen Debt – Why it happens

• If you are going to be exercising for more than a couple of minutes, your body needs to get oxygen to the muscles or the muscles will stop working. Just how much oxygen your muscles will use depends on two processes: getting blood to the muscles and extracting oxygen from the blood into the muscle tissue. Your working muscles can take oxygen out of the blood three times as well as your resting muscles.

Muscle Fatigue - Why

• In order to continue exercising, your muscles must continuously make ATP. To make this happen, your body must supply oxygen to the muscles and eliminate the waste products and heat. The more strenuous the exercise, the greater the demands of working muscle. If these needs are not met, then exercise will cease -- that is, you become exhausted and you won't be able to keep going.

Types of Exercise• Aerobic – running, biking, etc– Stronger, more flexible muscles– Greater resistance to fatigue– Blood supply to muscle increases more

oxygen

• Resistance – lifting weights– Muscles contract with a lot of force– Increase in muscle size and strength results in

enlargement of individual muscle cells–Not an increase in number of muscle cells

How strong are your muscles and joints?

• http://dsc.discovery.com/tv/human-body/explorer/explorer.html

Steroids• The practice of using artificial substances (like

steroids) to enhance athletic performance is called doping.

• The body has many natural steroid hormones– male = cortisol and testosterone– Female = estrogen and progesterone

• Catabolic steroids break down tissue (reduce fat)

• Anabolic steroids build up tissue (increase muscle)

How steroids help muscles get bigger

• Anabolic steroids increase muscle strength by encouraging new muscle growth.

• Similar to the male sex hormone, testosterone– so they enhance male reproductive and

secondary sex characteristics (testicle development, hair growth, thickening of the vocal cords).

• Anabolic steroids stimulate the formation of muscles cells and hence cause an increase in the size of skeletal muscles leading to increased strength.

• They allow the athlete to train harder and longer at any given period.

How steroids help muscles get bigger

What are some effects of steroids?• Jaundice and liver damage because these substances are normally

broken down in the liver• Mood swings, depression and aggression because they act on

various centers of the brain

In males, the excessive concentrations interfere with normal sexual function and cause:

• Baldness, Infertility, Breast development

In females, the excessive concentrations cause male characteristics to develop and interfere with normal female functions. The drugs can:

• Stimulate hair growth on the face and body, Suppress or interfere with menstrual cycle, possibly leading to infertility, Thicken the vocal cords, which causes the voice to deepen, possibly permanently, If pregnant, interfere with the developing fetus

Summarize

• Put today’s lesson in your own words!!

Binder Check – worksheets must be complete and in this order:

1. Worksheet - Identify Bones/Types of Bones2. Cornell Notes – Functions of Bones3. Cornell Notes - Types of Muscle Cells4. Worksheet – Skeletal Muscle Names5. Cornell Notes – Muscle Physiology/Steroids6. Skeletal Muscle Names Flash Cards

Due Friday, December 2