The Aquarius/SAC-D Mission Overview Gary Lagerloef, ESR Sandra Torrusio, CONAE David LeVine, NASA GSFC Monica Rabolli, CONAE
Nov 19, 2014
The Aquarius/SAC-D Mission Overview
Gary Lagerloef, ESRSandra Torrusio, CONAEDavid LeVine, NASA GSFCMonica Rabolli, CONAE
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Understanding the Interactions Between the Ocean Circulation, Global Water Cycle and Climate by Measuring Sea Surface Salinity
Salinity Mission Science
WOA 2001 NOAA/NODC
Equation of State for SeaWater
sw (S,T) fw (T) b(T)S c(T)S3 / 2 dS2Global salinity patterns are linked to rainfall and evaporation
Salinity affects seawater density, which in turn governs ocean circulation and climate
The higher salinity of the Atlantic sustains the oceanic deep overturning circulation
Salinity variations are driven by precipitation, evaporation, runoff and ice freezing and melting
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Mission Design and Sampling Strategy
• Global Coverage in 7 Days• 4 Repeat Cycles per Month
Sun-synchronous exact repeat orbit6pm ascending nodeAltitude 657 km
3 beams 390 km wide swath.
76 x 94 km 96 x 156 km
84 x 120 km
Beams point toward the night side to avoid sun glint
Salinity Data150km, Monthly, 0.2 (pss)Mission Requirement
In Orbit Checkout
Launch
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SAC-C 2000 CONAE SAOCOM
CONAE
SMAP NASA
SMOS 2009 ESA
MMRS, HRTC, HSTC, DCS
GOLPE, MMPIST, INES
ICARE
Relation to Past and Future Missions
, DCS, HSC, CARMEN, ROSA,
NIRST, MWR
L-Band PassiveSoil MoistureOcean Salinity
L-Band Passive/ActiveOcean SalinitySoil Moisture (low resolution)2011
L-Band Passive/ActiveSoil Moisture (hi resolution)Ocean Salinity2013-2014
L-Band SARSoil Moisture2013-2014
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• Aquarius Salinity Microwave Instrument
• Launch Vehicle
• Service Platform and SAC-D Science Instruments
• Mission Operations & Ground System
International Partnership between United States – Argentina
Aquarius/SAC-D Observatory
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The Observatory Today
DCS
NIRST
Aquarius(primary instrument)
TDP
SAC-D S/P
CARMEN-1(ICARE-NG & SODAD) ROSA
HSC
MWRMicrowave Radiometer
Data Collection System
High Sensitivity Camera
Technology Demonstration Package
Service Platform
Satélite de Aplicaciones Científicas-D
Near InfraRed Sensor Technology
Radio Occultation Sounder for the Atmosphere
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Science Objectives of the Mission
Other important goal of this Observatory is:
To study the relationship between the different measurements performed by the Mission in the framework of:
• Oceanography • Coastal Environment• Climate-Atmosphere • Hydrology-Soil Moisture • Natural Resources and Environmental Monitoring• Emergencies (fires, volcanic eruptions, flooding)• Health
These issues are in perfect concordance with the National Space Programof CONAE which promotes the development of space technology and theuse of satellite information applied to the different social benefit areas mentioned.
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Specific measurements
• Global sea surface salinity measurements (Aquarius).
• Soil moisture (Aquarius).
• Measurements of precipitable water, sea ice concentration and sea surface wind speed (which will enhance the results of Aquarius measurements) (Microwave Radiometer-MWR).
• Measurements of water vapor, cloud liquid water. (Microwave Radiometer-MWR).
• Monitoring of hot spots caused by biomass fires and volcanic eruptions, estimation of fire radiative power (NIRST).
• Measurements of sea surface temperature (which also will enhance the results of Aquarius measurements in pilot areas) (NIRST).
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Specific measurements
• Measurements of light intensity (urban areas, detection of electric storms, snow coverage, sea surveillance and aurora studies) (HSC).
• Measurements of atmospheric temperature, pressure profiles, and water vapor content (ROSA).
• Measure the high energy radiation environment (ICARE).
• Measure the size distribution of micro- particles and space debris (SODAD).
• Collect environmental measured parameters (e.g. meteorological) (DCS)
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Footprint 36.5GHz
Footprint 23.8GHz
Outer beam AquariusMiddle beam
Aquarius
Inner beam Aquarius
Footprints MWR & Aquarius
Geometry: Aquarius-MWR-NIRST
Footprints Aquarius, MWR & NIRST
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Examples of MWR ApplicationsTotal Precipitable Water AMSU (Advanced Microwave
Sounder Unit) Product NOAA Satellite Sea Ice
Cloud Liquid Water
SSMI on DMSP - Surface Wind Speed
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Examples of Optical/IR Applications
NIRST: High Temperatures Events (HTE) & SSTFires in Paraná Delta-Fall 2008
From MODIS Data
From SAC-C Data
Volcanic Eruption: El Chaiten (Chile-2008).
SST from NOAA data
-Fishery activities
-Characterization of Habitat for marine species
-Current studies....etc
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Examples of Applications
Fires Detection
Urban Lights
HSC
Snow Coverage
Buenos Aires
Sea Surveillance
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Examples of Applications
Data Collection System (DCS)
Join DCS, ROSA & Carmen
CARMEN:
Computer simulation of space debris distribution
ROSA:
Atmospheric Temperature Profile
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Science Programe Status
• First Announcement of Opportunity (NASA & CONAE/MinCyT) selected an International Science Investigating Team for the Aquarius/SAC-D Observatory in September 2009.
• The projects selected are: 15 USA, 15 Argentina, 9 Italy, 1 Japan • Aquarius SAC-D Science Team Meetings
– Buenos Aires 21-23 October 2009– Seattle 19-21 July 2010.
• Phase 2 Ocean Salinity Science Team solicitation in NASA/ROSES 2010
• Phase 2 CONAE/MinCyT solicitation will be announced in 2011
SummaryA Foundation Mission for the Decadal Survey
Ocean Salinity
Aquarius: First Passive/Active L-band Sensor
Soil Moisture
Natural Hazards Space
EnvironmentSurface Wind, Rain & Sea Ice
April 2011
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BACK UP Material
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Aquarius SAC-D Instruments Overview
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Mission Overview