©anna_t@flickr triglycerides g.j.rowlands unit four part 5
Triglycerides
Jun 12, 2015
A lecture I almost had to give as a 'stand-in' for one of my colleagues. Probably the fastest I've ever prepared a lecture and the first time I have taken someone else's notes and effectively given them a 'presentation make-over. Never did give it but it seems pointless having it sitting around on my hard drive.
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©anna_t@flickr
triglycerides
g.j.rowlandsunit four part 5
fats
can
taste...©*Micky@flickr
good!©Mrs Magic@flickr
providemore energy
than carbohydrate or protein
©swisscan@flickr
but...
is notvery
good forus
©Pixar / Disney
O
O
O
O
O
Otriglycerides
OH
OH
OH
glycerol
triglycerideformation
triglycerideformation
OH
OH
OH 3 xHO
O
R
glycerol fatty acid
triglycerideformation
OH
OH
OH 3 xHO
O
R
O
O
O
O
O
R
R
O
R
glycerol fatty acid
triglyceride
natural fats and oils
©Shereen M (away)@flickr
fatty acids
HO
O
myristic acid©JustABigGeek@flickr
HO
O
oleic acid
fatty acids
fatty acids
HO
O
linolenic acid©Chris & Lara Pawluk@flickr
©Thomas Hawk@flickr
HO
O
saturatedfat
©darwin bell@flickr
unsaturated
fat
HO
O
©Marco Veringa@flickr
HO
O
polyunsaturated
fat
HO
O
alwayscis-alkenes
HO
O
©cultr.sun@flickr
acidstrans-fatty are processed
CO2H
saturatedchains
pack wellCO2H
saturatedchains
solids
highmelting points
©niznoz@flickr
unsaturatedchains
kinked
CO2H
CO2H
unsaturatedchains
kinked
don’t
oils
lowmelting points
©☻mrhappy☻@flickr
reactions
©euthman@flickr
HO
O
Br Br
HO
O BrBr
additionreactions
HO
O
H Hmetal
catalyst
HO
O HH
hydrogenation
HO
O
H Hmetal
catalyst
HO
O HH
hydrogenation
saturated
unsaturated
©NontrivialMatt@flickr
synthesis of
margarine
R1
O
OR2
NaOH
R1
O
O NaHO R2
hydrolysisester
saponification
O
O
O
O
O
ONaOHH2O
OH
OH
OHO
O
Na
3 x
hydrolysisester
O
O
Na
soap
how does
soapwork?
O
O
Na O
O
Na
polar non-polarhydrophilic hydrophobic
micelle
hydrophobic
micellecarboxylate
hydrophilic
interactswith water
ion-dipoleinteractions
grease / dirt
hydrophobic
micelle non-polarhydrophobicportion inside
away from water
detergents
polarhydrophilic
head
non-polarhydrophobic
tail
detergentsynthesis of a
H2SO4
HO3S NaOH
O3SNa
electrophilicaromatic substitution
acidstronger
robustmore
©fdecomite@flickr
SO
O
OO
detergentanionic
N
Cl
N
detergentcationic
©AJC1@flickr
detergentcationic
N
Cl
germicidal
metabolismfatty acid
hydrolysis1
O
O
O
O
O
O
OH
OH
OHO
O3 x
your belly
metabolism2O
O
CoA-SH(coenzyme A) esterification
S
OCoA
dehydrogenation H H
S
OCoA
metabolism2
S
OCoA
hydration H2O
S
OCoA
H
OH
oxidation H H
S
OCoA
O
metabolism2
S
OCoA
O
CoA-SH(coenzyme A)
C–C splitting
S
OCoA
O
SCoA
repeatand
©estherase@flickr
©laverrue@flickr
C Henergyfrom breakingbonds
HO
O
HO
O
moreC–Hthan
©Great Beyond@flickr
storesfat
energy2 x
of sugar
thankstoTrevor Kitson
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