Tribhuvan University of Nepal

lqe'jg ljZjljBfno cfly{s Joj:yfkg tyf vl/b ;DaGwL lgod

@)%)

-@)&#.(.@) ut];Ddsf] ;+zf]wg ;lxt_

lqe'jg ljZjljBfno sLlt{k'/, sf7df8f}+

ljifo ;"lr ljifo k]h

1= k|f/lDes !

2= sf]ifsf] ;~rfng / k|of]u !^

3= ah]6 k|0ffnL, ah]6 th'{df k|:t'tLs/0f tyf :jLs[lt @#

4= ah]6 sfof{Gjog, ah]6 dfu / ah]6 lgsf;f @*

5= ah]6 /sdfGt/ #)

6= vr{ ug]{ Joj:yf / sfo{ljlw #$

7= k]:sL / To;sf] km5\of]{6;DaGwL Joj:yf $^

8= n]vf;DaGwL Joj:yf %@

9= n]vf k/LIf0f;DaGwL Joj:yf %%

(s= a]?h' km5\of}{6 / c;'npk/;DaGwL Joj:yf ^)

10= k'/:sf/ tyf 5fqj[lQ;DaGwL Joj:yf ^@

11= vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L / vl/b ljlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf ^$

12= af]nkq;DaGwL Joj:yf !!#

13= k/fdz{ ;]jf;DaGwL Joj:yf !&*

14= vl/b;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf @)&

15= k'g/fjnf]sg;DaGwL Joj:yf @@%

16= vl/b ;Demf}tf;DaGwL Joj:yf @@(

17= cfr/0f;DaGwL Joj:yf @^*

18= vl/b;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf @&^

19= ljz]if ;]jf k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf @*^

20= ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut / ;+/If0f @*&

21= a'ema'emf/y;DaGwL Joj:yf @(!

22= lnnfd laqmL;DaGwL Joj:yf @(#

23= ldgfxf;DaGwL Joj:yf #)^

24= ;DklQsf] x:tfGt/0f, afxfn jf lnhdf lng]lbg];DaGwL Joj:yf #)(

25= 5kfO, k|sfzg / lj1fkg;DaGwL Joj:yf #!@

26= a9L ;do -cf]e/ 6fOd_ sfddf nufpg] / tT;DaGwL

eQf Joj:yf #!$

27= eQf, ;'ljwf;DaGwL Joj:yf #!^

28= k|f]T;fxL k'/:sf/;DaGwL Joj:yf ##$

29= sf]ifsf] :yfkgf, ;~rfng / sf]ifs§L;DaGwL Joj:yf ##^

30= ;fk6L / sf]ifsf] nufgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf ##&

31= ljljw ##*

lqe'jg ljZjljBfno cfly{s Joj:yfkg tyf vl/b;DaGwL

lgod, @)%)

lqe'jg ljZjljBfno P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf %-h_, bkmf !)-r_ / bkmf #$ n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L ljZjljBfno ;efn] b]xfosf lgodx¿ agfPsf] 5 .

kl/R5]b — ! k|f/lDes

!= ;ª\lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM -!_ of] lgodsf] gfd ælqe'jg ljZjljBfno cfly{s Joj:yfkg tyf vl/b;DaGwL lgod, @)%)Æ /x]sf] 5 . -@_ of] lgod t'?Gt nfu" x'g]5 .

@= kl/efiffM -!_ ljifo jf k|;ª\un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; lgoddf,

-s_ æP]gÆ eGgfn]] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno P]g, @)$(

;Demg'k5{ . -v_ æljZjljBfnoÆ eGgfn] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno

;Demg'k5{ . -u_ æ;efÆ eGgfn] P]gsf] bkmf * adf]lhd u7g ePsf]

ljZjljBfno ;ef ;Demg'k5{ .

1

-3_ æsfo{sf/L kl/ifbÆ eGgfn] P]gsf] bkmf !# cg';f/ u7g ePsf] sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\ ;Demg'k5{ .

-ª_ æ;]jf cfof]uÆ eGgfn] P]gsf] bkmf !% cg';f/ u7g

ePsf] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno ;]jf cfof]u ;Demg'k5{ .

-r_ æs]Gb|Lo sfof{noÆ eGgfn] ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo

sfof{no ;Demg'k5{ . of] ZfAbn] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no cGtu{tsf ;a} Joj:yfkg jf ;ª\u7gfTds ;+/rgf, dxfzfvf jf cGo PsfOnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .

-5_ ækbflwsf/LÆ eGgfn] P]g / ;f]cGtu{t ag]sf

lgoddf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] kbflwsf/L ;Demg'kb{5 . -h_ æpks'nkltÆ eGgfn] ljZjljBfnosf] pks'nklt

;Demg'kb{5 . -h!_ ælzIffWoIfÆ eGgfn] ljZjljBfnosf] lzIffWoIf

;Demg'k5{ . -em_ æ/lh:6«f/Æ eGgfn] ljZjljBfnosf] /lh:6«f/

;Demg'kb{5 . -`_ æ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vÆ eGgfn] o;

lgodadf]lhd ljQLo jf cfly{s Joj:yfkg / k|zf;g ;~rfngsf lgldQ clwsf/k|fKt / lhDd]jf/L ePsf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v ;Demg'k5{ . o; zAbn] ljZjljBfnodf k'/f ;do

2

sfd ug]{ jf k|zf;lgs k|d'v tyf cGo kbflwsf/L / lghåf/f clws[t kbflwsf/L jf lzIfs jf sd{rf/L ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-6_ æclVtof/jfnfÆ eGgfn] o; lgodadf]lhd

tf]lsPsf] clVtof/jfnf ;Demg'kb{5 . -7_ æclwsf/k|fKt clwsf/LÆ eGgfn] o; lgodadf]lhd

tf]lsPsf] clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L ;Demg'kb{5 . -8_ æah]6Æ eGgfn] ljZjljBfnosf] cfoJoosf] jflif{s

cg'dfg -ah]6_ nfO{ ;Demg'kb{5 . ;f] zAbn] Ps cfly{s jif{sf nflu ;efaf6 :jLs[t hu]8f ah]6, k"/s ah]6nfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 . t/ ljz]if sf]ifdf hDdf x'g] cfo jf ;f] sf]ifaf6 x'g] Joosf] ljj/0fnfO{ eg] hgfpg] 5}g .

-9_ æsf]ifÆ eGgfn] ljZjljBfnosf ;a} k|sf/sf /sd

hDdf x'g] sf]ifnfO{ ;Demg'kb{5 . t/ kl/R5]b @( / #) sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu o;} lgodsf] lgod !)^ cg';f/ :yfkgf ul/Psf] sf]if ;Demg'k5{ .

-0f_ æah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfoÆ eGgfn]

ljZjljBfnosf] sf]ifaf6 ;~rfng x'g] ah]6sf ;DaGwdf sfd ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{ tyf ah]6k|lt pQ/bfloTj x'g] P]gsf] bkmf ^ adf]lhdsf] ;ª\u7g ;Demg'k5{ . o; zJbn] ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / ;f] cGtu{tsf ;Dk"0f{ lgsfox¿nfO{ hgfpF5 . t/ ljZjljBfnoaf6 ;xof]u / ;'ljwf

3

k|fKt u/L lghL If]qdf ;ª\rflnt z}lIfs lgsfonfO{ hgfpg]5}g .

-t_ æa}sÆ eGgfn] g]kfn sfg'gåf/f ;ª\ul7t jfl0fHo

a}+s tyf cGo a}+s ;Demg'k5{ . o; zJbn] g]kfn sfg'g cGtu{tsf cGo ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .

-y_ ælgsf;fÆ eGgfn] :jLs[t ah]6cGtu{t /xL s]Gb|Lo

sfof{non] cfˆgf]cGtu{tsf cGo ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ lbg] lgsf;f ;Demg'k5{ .

-b_ æn]vf k|d'vÆ eGgfn] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vsf]

dftxtdf /xL ah]6, ljQLo sf/f]af// To;sf] n]vf;DaGwL sfo{ ug'{kg]{ / n]vfk/LIf0fk|lt lhDd]jf/ x'g'kg]{ kbflwsf/L jf clws[t sd{rf/L ;Demg'k5{ . o; zAbn] n]vftkm{sf clws[t :t/sf lhDd]jf/ sd{rf/L;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-w_ æaf]nkqÆ eGgfn] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno s]Gb|Lo

sfof{no / o; cGtu{tsf ljleGg cWoog ;+:yfg, ;ªsfo\, cg';Gwfg s]Gb| nufotsf cGo lgsfon]] vl/bsf nflu k|sfzg u/]sf] ;"rgf cg'¿k ;f] lgsfon] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfdf af]nkqbftfn]] k]z u/]sf] d"No v'Ng] sfuhft, k|:tfj jf b//]6 ;Demg'k5{

-g_ æ7]SsfÆ eGgfn] 36f36 jf a9fa9 u/L jf gu/L

d'gfkmfsf] p2]Zon] g]kfn clw/fHoleq s'g} sfd

@)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

4

ug{ ljZjljBfno jf ljZjljBfnosf] kbflwsf/L, ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'v jf c¿ s;};Fu oL lgodx¿sf] k|lqmof k'/f u/L lnPsf] 7]Ssf ;Demg'k5{ . o; zAbn] b/efpkq–sf]6]zgaf6 lnPsf] 7]Ssf ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-k_ ælzIfs tyf sd{rf/LÆ eGgfn] ljZjljBfnosf

lzIfs tyf sd{rf/L ;Demg'k5{ / o;} lgodsf] kl/R5]b @( / #) sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu kbflwsf/L ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-km_ ætnaÆ eGgfn] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno lzIfs

sd{rf/L ;]jf ;]jf;DaGwL lgod, @)%) adf]lhd lzIfs tyf sd{rf/Ln] ;]jf k|bfg u/]afkt kbflwsf/ /x]sf] kbsf] k|rlnt :s]nadf]lhd kfpg] tnanfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-km!_ æn]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tÆ eGgfn] cfˆgf] / dftxt

sfof{nosf] cfly{s k|zf;g ;~rfng ug]{, jflif{s ah]6 tof/ ug]{ / ;f] ah]6 lgsf;f k|fKt u/L vr{ ug]{ clwsf/ ;'Dkg], ah]6sf] n]vf /fVg] / /fVg nufpg], n]vf ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ u/fpg], ljlgof]hg, w/f}6L / lhG;L ;d]tsf] cfGtl/s tyf clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg], a]?h' lgoldt ug]{ u/fpg], c;'n pk/ ug]{ u/fpg] jf ldGxf ug]{ u/fpg] st{Jo ePsf] clws[t sd{rf/LnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-km@_ ælhDd]jf/ JolQmÆ eGgfn] n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[taf6 clVtof/L lbP adf]lhdsf] sfo{

@)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk

5

;~rfng ug]{, lhDdf lng], vr{ ug]{, n]vf /fVg], cfGtl/s jf clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f u/fO{ a]?h' km5\of}{6 ug]{ u/fpg] st{Jo ePsf] JolQm ;Demg'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ljZjljBfnosf] sfdsf] nflu gubL jf lhG;L lnO{ jf glnO{ ;f] sfd km5Øf{pg] lhDdf lng] cGo JolQm ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-km#_ æsf/f]af/Æ eGgfn] ljZjljBfnosf] rn, crn,

gubL tyf lhG;L wgdfn lhDdf lnO{ k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd lgwf{l/t sfddf vr{ jf bflvnf ;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfd ;D´g'k5{ .

-km$_ æn]vfÆ eGgfn] sf/f]af/ ePsf] A]xf]/f b]lvg] u/L

k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd /flvg] clen]v, vftf, lstfa cflb / ;f] sf/f]af/nfO{ k|dfl0ft ug]{ cGo sfuhft ;d]tnfO{ ;D´g'k5{ .

-km%_ æcfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0fÆ eGgfn] ljZjljBfnosf]

n]vf k/LIf0f dxfzfvfaf6 x'g] n]vfk/LIf0f ;D´g'k5{ .

-km^_ æclGtd n]vfk/LIf0fÆ eGgfn] dxfn]vf k/LIfssf]

ljefuaf6 x'g] n]vfk/LIf0f ;D´g'k5{ . -km&_ æa]?h''Æ eGgfn] k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd k'¥ofpg'

kg]{ /Lt gk''¥ofO{ sf/f]af/ u/]sf] jf /fVg' kg]{ n]vf g/fv]sf] tyf clgoldt jf a]dgfl;a tl/sfn]


6

cfly{s sf/f]af/ u/]sf] egL n]vfk/LIf0f ubf{ cf}+NofOPsf] jf 7x¥ofOPsf] sf/f]af/ ;D´g'k5{ .

-km*_ æc;'n pk/ ug'{kg]{ /sdÆ eGgfn] k|rlnt

sfg'gadf]lhd e'QmfgL lbg gx'g] /sd e'QmfgL lbPsf] jf a9L x'g] u/L e'QmfgL lbPsf] jf 36L /sd c;'n u/]sf] sf/0faf6 c;'n pk/ ug{' kg]{ egL n]vfk/LIf0f xF'bf 7x¥ofOPsf] a]?h' /sd ;D´g'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] lxgfldgf jf d:of}6 u/]sf] /sd tyf ljZjljBfno jf g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ltg'{ a'´fpg' kg]{ cGo s'g} /sd snd ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-km(_ æ;Dk/LIf0fÆ eGgfn] cfGtl/s jf clGtd

n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf cf}+NofOPsf] a]?h'sf] ;DaGwdf k]z x'g cfPsf :ki6Ls/0f jf k|ltlqmof ;fy ;+nUg k|df0f tyf sfuhftsf] k/LIf0f jf cg''udgsf] sfo{ ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd clVtfof/k|fKt lgsfoaf6 k|fKt ;'´fj jf lgb]{zgsf cfwf/df ul/g] k/LIf0f jf cg'udg sfo{ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-km!)_æcfly{s ljj/0fÆ eGgfn] s'g} lglZrt cjlwdf

ePsf] cfly{s sf/f]af/sf] ;dli6ut l:ylt b;f{pg] p2]Zon] zLif{s ;d]t v'Ng] u/L tof/ ul/Psf] ljj/0f ;D´g'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] sf/f]af/sf] l:ylt b;f{pg] u/L zLif{ssf] cfwf/df agfOPsf] ah]6 cg'dfg, lgsf;f, vr{, nfut, cfDbfgL, bflvnf /


7

afFsL /sd v'nfOPsf] cfo–Joo ljj/0f ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-km!!_æw/f}6L /sdÆ eGgfn] s'g} sfd 6'ª\uf] gnfu];Dd

;'/If0f afkt /flvPsf] ;'/If0f hdfgt /sd -l/6]G;g dlg_ jf cg]{i6 dgL jf ;f] afktsf] la8a08 jf k/km/d]G; a08 ;Demg'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] cGo s'g} sf/0fn] ;'/If0f /fVg' kg]{ eO{ ;f] afkt /flvPsf] /sd ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .

-km!@_æPsLs[t s]Gb|Lo n]vfÆ eGgfn] s]Gb|Lo:t/sf

sfof{noaf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bg Pjd\ ljZjljBfnosf ljleGg ;ª\u7g jf lgsfox¿af6 k|fKt x'g] ljj/0f, ljZjljBfnonfO{ k|fKt x'g] j}b]lzs ;xfotf, cfGtl/s C0f, nufgL ;d]taf6 k|fKt x'g] /sd ;d]tsf] cfwf/df cfly{s k|zf;g dxfzfvfaf6 jflif{s ¿kdf tof/ ug]{ n]vf ;Demg'k5{ .

-km!#_ævl/bÆ eGgfn]] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno s]Gb|Lo

sfof{no / o; cGtu{tsf ljleGg cWoog ;+:yfg, ;ª\sfo, cg';Gwfg s]Gb| nufotsf cGo lgsfon] o; lgodadf]lhd s'g} dfn;fdfg, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf k|fKt ug{] jf s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{] jf u/fpg] sfo{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-km!$_ævl/b zfvfÆ ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /

o; cGtu{tsf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{sf] nflu sfo{af]emsf] cfwf/df lgod $(8


8

sf] pklgod -#_ adf]lhd :yfkgf ul/Psf] vl/b dxfzfvf jf zfvf jf pkzfvfnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ . ;f] zAbn] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ tf]lsPsf] cGo s'g} zfvfnfO{ ;d]t hgfp5 .

-km!%_æax'jifL{o ;Demf}tfÆ eGgfn] Ps jif{ eGbf a9L

cjlw ePsf] ;Demf}tf ;Demg'k5{ . -km!^_ æl;naGbL b/efpkqÆ eGgfn] lqe'jg

ljZjljBfno s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / o; cGtu{tsf ljleGg cWoog ;+:yfg, ;ªsfo\, cg';Gwfg s]Gb| nufotsf cGo lgsfosf]] ;"rgfadf]lhd s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ ug{ jf dfn;fdfg jf cGo ;]jf pknAw u/fpgsf] nflu O{R5's JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] l;naGbL vfdleq d"No ;d]t pNn]v u/L k]z u/]sf] ljj/0f ;Demg'k5{ .

-km!&_ædfn;fdfgÆ eGgfn] rn jf crn, ;hLj jf

lghL{j h'g;'s} lsl;dsf] j:t' ;Demg'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] To:tf] j:t' cfk"lt{ ug]{ sfo{sf] cfg'iflËs ;]jf ;d]tnfO hgfpF5 .

-km!*_ ælgdf{0f sfo{Æ eGgfn] s'g} ;+/rgf jf s'g} s'/fsf]

lgdf{0f ug{], k'gM lgdf{0f ug{], eTsfpg], dd{t ;Def/ ug{] jf lh0ff]{4f/ ug]{ sfo{;Fu ;DalGwt lgdf{0f:yn tof/ ug]{, vGg], 78\ofpg], agfpg], pks/0f jf dfn;fdfg h8fg ug]{, ;hfpg], cflb h:tf sfo{ ;Demg'k5{ / ;f]] zAbn] gSzf agfpg], k|of]uzfnf k/LIf0f ug]{, e"pku|xLo kmf]6f] lvRg], e"sDkLo


9

k/LIf0f ug{] h:tf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] cfg'iflËs ;]jf ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .

-km!(_ æk/fdz{ ;]jfÆ eGgfn] s'g} cWoog, cg';Gwfg,

;e]{If0f, l8hfOg, 8«O{ª, ;'kl/j]If0f, tflnd, k/LIf0f ug]{ sfd, ;km\6j]o/sf] ljsf; jf o:t} k|s[ltsf cGo af}l4s jf k]zfut ;]jf ;Demg'k5{ .

-km@)_æcGo ;]jfÆ eGgfn] ;jf/L ;fwg, pks/0f jf dfn;fdfg ef8fdf lng], 9'jfgL ug]{ jf dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/ ug]{ sfo{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-km@!_ æaf]nkqbftfÆ eGgfn] vl/b sf/afxLdf efu lng

af]nkq k]z ug]]{ jf ug{ ;Sg] s'g} JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL ;Demg'k5{ .

-km@@_ æaf]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftÆ eGgfn]] af]nkqbftfn]

d"No jf k|:tfj jf b//]6 e/L jf tof/ u/L k]z ug{sf nflu af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ lqe'jg ljZjljBfno s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / o; cGtu{tsf ljleGg cWoog ;+:yfg, ;ªsfo\, cg';Gwfg s]Gb| nufotsf cGo lgsfon] tof/ u/]sf]] lnvt ;Demg'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbOPsf] lgb]{zg, :k]l;lkms]zg, gS;f, l8hfOg, sfo{If]qut zt{x¿ -6D;{\ ckm /]km/]G;_, sfo{tflnsf, d"NofÍgsf cfwf/, kl/df0f ;"rL, ;Demf}tfsf zt{x¿ / o:t} cGo sfuhft ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .


10

-km@#_ævl/b ;Demf}tfÆ eGgfn] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / o; cGtu{tsf ljleGg cWoog ;+:yfg, ;ªsfo\, cg';Gwfg s]Gb| nufotsf cGo lgsfo / cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfoslar lgod ^$ adf]lhd ePsf] vl/b ;DaGwL] ;Demf}tf ;Demg'k5{ .

-km@$_ æ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{noÆ eGgfn]

;fj{hlgs vl/b P]gadf]lhd ul7t ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{no ;Demg'k5{ .

-km@%_ æclwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/LÆ eGgfn] o; lgod jf

o; lgod cGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgodadf]lhd vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{ :jLs[t ug{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;Demg'k5{ .

-km@^_ æhdfgtÆ eGgfn] s'g} sfd 6'ª\uf] gnfu];Dd

;'/If0f afkt /flvPsf] ;'/If0f hdfgt /sd -l/6]G;g dgL jf cg{]i6 dgL_ ;Demg'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] af]nkq hdfgt jf sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] ;'/If0f /fVg' kg]{df ;f] afkt /flvPsf] /sd ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .

-km@&_ æljz]if kl/l:yltÆ eGgfn] ;'Svf, cgfj[li6,

cltj[li6, e"sDk, af9L, klx/f], cfunfuL h:tf k|fs[lts jf b}jL k|sf]k tyf dxfdf/L jf cfsl:Dfs jf ck|Toflzt ljz]if sf/0faf6 ;[lht kl/l:ylt


11

;Demg'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] o'4 jf cfGtl/s åGå h:tf kl/l:ylt ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .

-km@*_æ;+o'Qm pkqmd -HjfO06 e]~r/_Æ eGgfn] b'O{ jf

b'O{eGbf a9L sDkgL Jff kmd{x¿ ldnL ;+o'Qm jf 5'§f5'§} bfloTj;lxt s'g} sfd ug]{ sfo{nfO{ hgfpg]5 .

-km@(_æPh]06Æ eGgfn] s'g} :jb]zL jf ljb]zL JolQm, kmd{

jf sDkgLsf] Ph]G;L lng] JolQm, kmd{ jf sDkgL ;Demg'k5{ .

-km#)_ æPs tx dflysf] clwsf/LÆ eGgfn]

ljZjljBfnosf cWoog ;+:yfgcGtu{tsf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'v jf SofDk; k|d'vsf] xsdf 8Lg, ;ª\sfo cGtu{t SofDk; k|d'v, ;ª\sfo jf cWoog ;+:yfgsf 8Lg jf cg';Gwfg s]Gb|sf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs jf cGo lgsfosf k|d'vsf] xsdf /lhi6«f/, /lhi6«f/sf] xsdf pks'nklt, pks'nkltsf] xsdf sfo{sf/L kl/ifb ;Demg'k5{ .

-km#!_ æbft[ kIfÆ eGgfn] låkIfLo jf ax'kIfLo

;Demf}tfåf/f ljZjljBfnonfO{ C0f jf cg'bfgsf] ¿kdf j}b]lzs ;xfotf pknAw u/fpg] s'g} ljb]zL d'n's jf cGt/f{li6«o jf ljb]zL ;+:yf ;Demg'k5{ .

@)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk .

12

-km#@_ ædf}h'bf ;"rL -:6flG8Ë ln:6_Æ eGgfn] lgod $(y adf]lhdsf] ;"rL ;Demg'k5{ .

-km##_æd"NofÍg ;ldltÆ eGgfn] lgod &(s adf]lhdsf]

;ldlt ;Demg'k5{ . -km#$_æsaf]n cÍ -la8 k|fO;_Æ eGgfn] s'g} af]nkqsf]

k/LIf0faf6 sfod x'g cfPsf] /sd ;Demg'k5{ . -km#%_æ;j–sG6«ofS6/Æ eGgfn] s'g} vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{

lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfos;Fu 5'§} ;Demf}tf u/L To:tf] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGtu{tsf] s'g} sfo{ ug]{ lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfos ;Demg'k5{ .

-km#^_æk|f]k|fO6/L dfn;fdfgÆ eGgfn] s'g} dfn;fdfg,

oGq jf pks/0fsf] lgdf{tfn] To:tf] dfn;fdfg, oGq jf pks/0f ;~rfng jf dd{t ;Def/sf] nflu agfPsf] ;xfos pks/0f tyf kf6{k"hf{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-km#&_ æ;Demf}tf d"No -sG6«ofS6 k|fO{;_Æ eGgfn] vl/b

;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt vl/b d"No ;Demg'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] To:tf] ;Demf}tf cGtu{t e]l/Pzg cfb]]z hf/L ul/Psf]df To:tf] cfb]zadf]lhd ePsf] sfd gfk hfFr ubf{ sfod ePsf] d"No / d"No ;dfof]hg ePsf]df To:tf] ;dfof]hgaf6 sfod ePsf] vl/b d"No ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .


13

-km#*_æcdfgtÆ eGgfn] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo cfkm}n] ug]{] s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ ;Demg'k5{ .

-km#(_æk'g/fjnf]sg ;ldltÆ eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs vl/b

P]gadf]lhd ul7t ;fj{hlgs vl/b k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt ;Demg'k5{ .

-km$)_ æcf}iflwhGo dfn;fdfgæ eGgfn] cf}iflw, vf]k jf

EoflS;g, l;/Gh, /ut /fVg] emf]nf, k|of]uzfnfdf pkof]u x'g] /;fog -l/Ph]G6_, kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf xd{gn] pTkfbg jf /f]usf] lgbfg tyf pkrf/sf nflu k|of]u x'g] :jf:Yo;DaGwL pks/0f ;Demg' k5{ .

-km$!_ æljB'tLo af]nkqÆ eGgfn] ljB'tLo vl/b k|0ffnLsf] pkof]u u/L af]nkqbftfn] k]z u/]sf] af]nkq ;Demg' k5{ .

-km$@_æljB'tLo vl/b k|0ffnLÆ eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs vl/b

cg'udg sfof{no jf ljZjljBfno s]Gb|Lo sfof{non] ljB'tLo ;~rf/ dfWodsf] k|of]u u/L :yfkgf, ;+~rfng / Joj:yfkg u/]sf] vl/b k|0ffnL ;Demg' k5{ .

-km$#_ æljB'tLo ;+rf/ dfWodæ eGgfn] ;fjlh{gs vl/b

cg'udg sfof{no jf ljZjljBfno s]Gb|Lo sfof{non] ljB'tLo vl/b k|0ffnL :yfkgf, ;+~rfng

@)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk @)&# ;fn kf}if @) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk

14

/ Joj:yfkg ug{ pkof]udf NofPsf] ljB'tLo ;~rf/ ljlw, k4lt jf dfWod ;Demg' k5{ .

-a_ ætf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsPadf]lhdÆ eGgfn] o;

lgodcGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgoddf tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsPadf]lhd ;Demg'k5{ .

-@_ P]g jf cGo lgodx¿df k|o'Qm zJb jf zAbx¿ o; lgoddf klg k|o'Qm ePsf]df k|;ª\ujz csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df tL zAb jf zAbx¿sf] JofVof P]g / lgods} cg'¿k ul/g]5 .

#=Τlgodsf] JofVofM o; lgodsf] JofVof ug]{ clwsf/ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\nfO{ x'g]5 .

@)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg Τ @)%^ kf}if #) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

15

kl/R5]b — @ sf]ifsf] ;~rfng / k|of]u

$= ljZjljBfnosf] sf]ifsf] :yfkgf, ;~rfng / k|of]uM -!_

P]gsf] bkmf @$ adf]lhdsf] ljZjljBfnosf] sf]if ♦sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\sf] lg0f{osf] cwLgdf /lh:6«f/sf] lhDdf / /]vb]vdf /xg]5 / o; lgodcGtu{t ;f] sf]ifsf] s]Gb|Lo ;+/If0f, ;~rfng, k|of]u tyf lgoGq0f ug]{ u/fpg] d'Vo lhDd]jf/L lghsf] x'g]5 .

-@_ ljZjljBfnosf] sf]if sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] pko'Qm 7fg]sf]

s'g} a}+sdf ælqe'jg ljZjljBfno sf]ifÆ sf] gfddf vftf vf]nL /flvg]5 . ;f] sf]ifdf xfn;Dd hDdf ePsf] /sd / P]gadf]lhd hDdf x'g'kg]{ /sd ;f]xL a}+ssf] vftfdf hDdf ug'{ u/fpg'kg]{5 . xfn /x]sf] ljZjljBfno sf]if o;} lgodadf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] dflgg]5 .

-#_ ljZjljBfno sf]ifsf] a}+s vftfsf] ;~rfng / cGo

Joj:yf sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 . -$_ ljZjljBfno sf]ifaf6 b]xfosf k|of]hgsf nflu /sd

j]xf]l/g]5M—

-s_ P]g, lgodsf] p2]Zo k"lt{sf nflu ljZjljBfnon] lnPsf ;fk6L /sd, Aofh tyf cGo b:t'/sf] e'QmfgL,

-v_ ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, ;]jf cfof]u / cGo cfof]u, cWoog ;+:yfg, ;ªsfo\, cg';Gwfg s]Gb|,

♦ @)^* ;fn j}zfv * ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

16

k/LIff lgoGq0f sfof{no, kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|, cflËs SofDk;, cfjf;u[x, 5fqfjf;, k':tsfno, ;Fu|xfno tyf ljZjljBfnosf] s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] ;~rfng jf ljsf;;DaGwL vr{,

-u_ ljZjljBfno ;ef, sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\, k|fl1s kl/ifb\

tyf P]g lgodåf/f tf]lsPsf cGo kl/ifb\, ;ldlt / sfo{bn h:tf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfox¿;DaGwL ;~rfng vr{,

-3_ ljZjljBfnosf kbflwsf/L, lzIfs Pj+ sd{rf/Lx¿sf]

tna eQf tyf kfl/>lds, e|d0fvr,{ lgj[lQe/0f, pkbfg, ;~rosf]if /sd, cg'bfg, cf}iflw pkrf/, ladf, labf afktsf] /sd / tf]lsPsf cGo ;'ljwf / ;xfotf;DaGwL cfjZos /sd,

-ª_ ljZjljBfnon] s'g} sfg'gL sf/afxLsf lgldQ jf

cbfntsf] km};nfaf6 a]xf]g'{kg]{ vr{ jf ltg'{kg]{ bfloTj tyf Ifltk"lt{sf] /sd,

-r_ ;DaGwgk|fKt SofDk;nfO{ lbOg] cg'[bfg, -5_ pkbfg, lgj[lQe/0f sf]if, lzIfs tyf sd{rf/L sNof0f

sf]if jf ljleGg cIfosf]if tyf tf]lsPsf cGo s'g} sf]ifdf ljlgof]hg ug'{kg]{ /sd / To:tf sf]ifx¿sf] :yfkgf tyf ;~rfngsf nflu cTofjZos /sd,

-h_ ljZjljBfnoaf6 cfˆg} vr{df :yflkt kbs, k'/:sf/,

ljåt\j[lQ, 5fqj[lQ jf rGbf,

17

-em_ n]vf k/LIf0f, hfFra'em tyf lg/LIf0f;DaGwL vr{, -`_ ljZjljBfno ;ef jf sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 tf]lsPsf

cGo vr{, /sd / nufgL .

-%_ ljZjljBfno sf]ifsf] /sd, ;/sf/L C0fkq / g]kfndf k~hLs[t lwtf] tyf cGo ljZj;gLo ;'/If0f nufgL ug{ ;lsg]5 .

%= ljz]if sf]ifM -!_ lgod $ sf] pklgod -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f

n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no jf cGo s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vf; vf; vr{ / bfloTj Joxf]g{ jf Aofh jf cfo jf k|ltkmn cfh{g ug]{ h:tf k|of]hgsf nflu o; lgoddf cGoq Joj:yf ePsf sf]ifx¿sf cltl/Qm Ps jf ;f]eGbf a9L ljz]if sf]if pko'Qm gfdaf6 :yfkgf / ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 . -@_ ljZjljBfnosf] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod

-!_ adf]lhd ljz]if sf]if pko'Qm a}+sdf vftf vf]nL jf nufgLsf] Joj:yf u/L ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ ;DalGwt ljz]if sf]ifdf ;f] sf]ifsf] k|s[lt /

k|of]hgcg';f/ b]xfosf ;a} jf s]xL /sdx¿ hDdf ug'{kg]{5 M

-s_Τ ah]6 lgsf;faf6 ljlgof]lht /sd, -v_ ah]6 ;~rfngaf6 cfly{s jif{sf] cGtdf x'g cfpg]

jrt jf tf]lsPsf] /sd,

Τ @)%^ kf}if #) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

18

-u_ ;/sf/L jf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf jf JolQmaf6 5fqj[lQ, lzIfsj[lQ, kbs, k'/:sf/, sNof0fsf/L sfo{qmd h:tf vf; k|of]hgsf nflu k|fKt ljz]if jf cltl/Qm cg'bfg, ;xfotf bfgbftJo / rGbf h:tf sndafkt k|fKt /sd,

-3_ tf]lsPsf] cGo /sd .

-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf]if ;Dej eP;Dd Aofh jf

cfo jf k|ltkmn cfh{g x'g] u/L e/kbf]{ ¿kn] nufgL ug'{kg]{5 .

-%_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljz]if sf]ifdWo] tf]lsPsf] sf]ifdf

hDdf ePsf] jf x'g] d"n wg sd jf x|f; x'g] u/L ;]f sf]if k|of]u ug{ gkfpg] u/L Jojl:yt / lgolGqt ug'{kg]{5 .

t/ To:tf sf]ifaf6 cflh{t Aofh jf cfo jf k|ltkmn tf]lsPsf] /sd;Ddsf] ;Ldfdf tf]lsPsf] k|of]hgsf nflu vr{ jf bfloTj Joxf]g{ ;lsg]5 .

^= 5'§} sf]if ;~rfng ug{ ;lsg]M -!_ ljZjljBfnocGtu{tsf s'g}

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ljZjljBfnoaf6 tf]lsPsf] cfDbfgLsf lgoldt zLif{sb]lv jfx]s cGo s'g} lsl;daf6 cfDbfgL u/]df To:tf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] cfDbfgLaf6 ljZjlBfnosf] ljsf;, lzIfs, sd{rf/L tyf ljBfyL{x¿sf] lxtsf lgldQ vr{ ug{ kfpg] u/L 5'§} sf]ifsf] :yfkgf / ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 .

19

-@_Τ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd :yfkgf ul/Psf] sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] /sddWo] () k|ltzt;Dd To:tf] cfDbfgL k|fKt ug]{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfkm}n] vr{ ug{ ;Sg]5 / afFsL /sd lgod $ -@_ cGtu{tsf] ljZjljBfnosf] sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .

:ki6Ls/0fM

s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lglZrt sfo{sf nflu p7fPsf] rGbf, cltl/Qm z'Ns jf k|fKt u/]sf] bfgbftJosf] k"/}

/sd ;f]xL sfo{sf nflu vr{ ug{ ;lsg]5 . •;fy} s'g} k|of]hgfy{ ;Demf}tfadf]lhd k|fKt /sd 5'§} vftf vf]nL vr{ u/]sf] eP o;} lgodadf]lhd vr{ ePsf] dflgg]5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd l;h{gf ePsf] sf]ifsf] /sd

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] s'g} a}+sdf vftf vf]nL /fVg jf g]kfn /fi6« a+}ssf] aG8 vl/b ug{ jf o:t} k|of]hgsf] cGo s'g} sfddf nufpg ;Sg]5 .

-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd cfGtl/s ;|f]taf6 k|fKt u/]sf]

cfDbfgLaf6 ul/Psf vr{x¿ ljZjljBfnosf] ;dli6ut cfDbfgL vr{leq b]lvg] u/L lx;fa ldnfgsf nflu s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf oyfy{ hfgsf/L k7fpg] / ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] cfˆgf] jflif{s lx;fadf klg ;f] ;dfj]z u/L cfly{s k|ltj]bg k7fpg' kg]{5 .

Τ @)%^ kf}if #) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg • @)^* ;fn j}zfv * ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk Joj:yf

20

-%_cg';Gwfg jf k/fdz{ jf tflnd jf cGo ;]jf;DaGwL kl/of]hgfsf ;Gbe{df cf]e/x]8 zLif{scGtu{t k|fKt /sdsf] #) -lt;_ k|ltzt /sd ljZjljBfno sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{kg]{5 .

&= ljz]if nufgLM ljZjljBfnosf] s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf kl5 lkmtf{

ug'{kg]{ jf ;t{x¿ k'/f gu/]afkt hkmt x'g] s'g} /sd w/f}6Ldf /xg cfPdf ;f] w/f}6L cjlwnfO{ ljrf/ u/L ;f] w/f}6Lsf] /sd nufgL ug{ ;lsg]5 . To:tf] nufgLaf6 k|fKt Aofh, cfo jf k|ltkmn ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] cfh{g x'g]5 .

*= ljz]if ljQLo k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yfM lgod %, ^ / & cGtu{t 5'§}

vf]lnPsf] sf]if jf vftfaf6 ul/g] nufgL jf vr{ / ;f] sf]if jf vftfsf] ;~rfngsf lgldQ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 k"j{:jLs[lt lnO{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ljz]if ljQLo sfo{k|0ffnL agfO{ nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5 .

(= a}+s vftfsf] Joj:yf / ;~rfngM -!_ o; lgoddf cGoyf

n]lvPsf]df afx]s k|To]s ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ a}+s vftf vf]Ng' kg]{5 . gubL sf/f]af/ ug{ ;lsg] snd / cj:yfdf afx]s a}+s vftfdfkm{t dfq ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-@_Τ ah]6 lgsf;faf6 ;~rfng x'g] ljQLo sf/f]af/sf nflu a}+sdf d"n vftf vf]Ng' kg]{5 . ah]6 lgsf;f afx]s cGo cfo jf sf]if jf /sdaf6 x'g] ljQLo sf/f]jf/sf] nflu

@)%( ;fn kf}if @^ ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk Joj:yf Τ @)%^ kf}if #) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

21

cj:yf / k|of]hg cg';f/ /lh:6«f/sf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ a}+sdf cGo vftfx¿ vf]nL ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf k|fKt x'g] ;Dk"0f{ cfo clgjfo{

¿kdf d"n vftfdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 / pQm hDdf ePsf] /sddWo] lgoldt ah]6 afx]ssf] cGo cfosf] /sd /lh:6«f/sf] k"j{:jLs[lt lnO{ a}+sdf cGo vftf vf]nL hDdf ug{ ;lsg]5 .

22

kl/R5]b – # ah]6 k|0ffnL, ah]6 th'{df, k|:t'tLs/0f tyf :jLs[lt

!)= ah]6 k|0ffnLM -!_ ljZjljBfnosf] ah]6 k|0ffnL sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6

tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 . σt/============= -@_ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\nfO{ ljZjljBfnosf] ah]6sf] k|sf/, ah]6

zLif{s, pkzLif{s tyf ;xfos zLif{s, ah]6;DaGwL k|kq -kmf/d_ sf] 9fFrf / ah]6;DaGwL dfu{bz{g, lgb]{zg tyf cGo sfo{ljlw;d]t lgwf{l/t / Jojl:yt ug]{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .

!!= ah]6 th'{dfM

-!_ cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf nflu ljZjljBfnosf] k|:tfljt ah]6 th'{df;DaGwL sfo{ /lh:6«f/n] k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ;'? x'g'eGbf ;fwf/0ftof ^ dlxgfcufj} k|f/De ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ /lh:6«f/n] ljZjljBfnosf] k|To]s ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{

cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] cf–cfˆgf] k|:tfljt ah]6 th'{df ug{ cfjZos ljj/0f;lxtsf] kl/kq ;f]em} jf tfn'sL ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodfkm{t k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ;'? x'g'eGbf ;fwf/0ftofM rf/ dlxgf cufj} hf/L ug'{ kg]{5 .

σ @)%^ kf}if #) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 vf/]h

23

-#_ k|To]s ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] pklgod -@_ ad]lhd /lh:6«f/af6 hf/L ePsf] kl/kqdf tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq cfufdL jif{sf] k|:tfljt ah]6 s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd k|:tfljt ah]6 s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf

tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq bflvnf gePsf] sf/0fn] ;efaf6 :jLs[t ah]6df s'g} ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] ah]6 ckof{Kt x'g uPdf jf ah]6 g} :jLs[t x'g 5'6 ePdf To:tf] ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v g} lhDd]jf/ x'g]5 .

-%_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k|To]s ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon]

k|:tfljt ah]6 bflvn ul/;Sg' kg]{ cfjlw JotLt eO;s]kl5 /lh:6«f/n] b]xfosf s'/fx¿dfly ;d]t dWogh/ /fvL lj:t[t tyf ;fd"lxs ¿kdf ljZjljBfnosf] ah]6 th'{df ug]{5M–

-s_ ljZjljBfnosf] ljQLo l:ylt, -v_ ljZjljBfnosf] of]hgf / sfo{qmd, -u_ ;ef / sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 ah]6;DaGwL eO;s]sf]

lgb]{zg, -3_ z}lIfs, k|fljlws / cg';Gwfgsf ;DaGwdf sfo{sf/L

kl/ifb\, k|fl1s kl/ifb\ / cGo ;ª\u7g jf lgsfoaf6 eO/x]sf] lg0f{o / l;kmfl/; .

24

-^_ /lh:6«f/n] pklgod -%_ adf]lhd th'{df ePsf] k|:tfljt ah]6df b]xfosf s'/fx¿;d]t bz{fpg' kg]{5 M

-s_ ut cfly{s jif{sf] jf:tljs tyf rfn" cfly{s jif{sf]

;+zf]lwt cfoJoosf] cg'dfg, -v_ k|:tfljt ah]6;DaGwL vr{ Joxf]g]{ cfo;|f]tdf ePsf

x]/km]/ / gofF cfo;|f]t, -u_ k|:tfljt ah]6df ;dfj]z ePsf z}lIfs, k|fl1s tyf

cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;;DaGwL gofF sfo{qmd jf rfn" sfo{qmddf lg/Gt/tf lbg] ljifo,

-3_ ;efdf k|:t't x'g] ah]6 jQmJo .

-&_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfljt ah]6sf] ljj/0fdf 5nkmn / ;'emfjsf nflu sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] ;ldltsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;ldltsf] 5nkmn / ;'emfjsf cfwf/df k|:tfljt ah]6sf] d:of}bf ljj/0fdf x]/km]/ ug{ ;lsg]5 .

!@= k|:tfljt ah]6sf] k|:t'tLs/0FM -!_ lgod !! sf] pklgod -&_

adf]lhd clGtd ¿k lbOPsf] k|:tfljt ah]6sf] ljj/0f ljZjljBfno of]hgf kl/ifb\ /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;f] kl/ifb\df k|:t't ul/g]5, To;af/] ;f] kl/ifb\sf] k|ltlqmof lnOg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ sf] cwLgdf ;d]t /xL /lh:6«f/n] clGtd

¿kdf th'{df ePsf] ah]6sf] ljj/0f cfly{s jif{ ;'?

25

x'g'eGbf ;fdfGotofM ! dlxgf cufj} ljrf/fy{ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\df k|:t't ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_Τ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd k|:tfljt ah]6sf] ljj/0fdf yk36 jf x]/km]/ u/L jf gu/L sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] k|:tfljt ah]6sf] ljj/0fnfO{ clGtd ¿k lbO{ k|:tfljt ah]6 / tT;DaGwL k|:tfj ;efdf k|:t't ug{ /lh:6«f/nfO{ cg'dlt lbg]5 . sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 cg'dlt ePadf]lhd k|:tfljt ah]6 / tT;DaGwL k|:tfj ;efdf rfn" cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt x'g'cufj} k|:t't ug'{ /lh:6«f/sf] st{Jo / lhDd]jf/L x'g]5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd ;efdf k|:t't k|:tfljt ah]6 / tT;DaGwL k|:tfjdfly lqe'jg ljZjljBfno ;ª\u7g tyf z}lIfs k|zf;g ;DaGwL lgod, @)%) sf] cwLgdf /xL 5nkmn / sf/afxL ul/g]5 .

!#= ;efaf6 ah]6sf] :jLs[ltM ;efdf k|:t't ePsf] k|:tfljt ah]6 / tT;DaGwL k|:tfjdf ;efn] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno ;ª\u7g tyf z}lIfs k|zf;g;DaGwL lgod, @)%) sf] cwLgdf /xL x]/km]/ jf yk36;lxt :jLs[lt k|bfg ug]{5 .

!$= ah]6;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yfM -!_ ;efaf6 :jLs[t ah]6df ;dfj]z ePsf] hu]8f ah]6 zLif{s cGtu{t ;dfj]z ljlgof]lht /sd sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] cfjZostf / cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df b]xfosf] cj:yfdf dfq k|of]u ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5M

-s_ s'g} gofF z}lIfsm, k|fl1s jf cg';GwfgfTds tyf cGo sfo{qmd th'{df jf ;~rfng ug'{ k/]sf],


26

-v_ ljZjljBfnonfO{ cfjZos kg]{ dfn;fdfg jf ;]jfsf] ahf/efp c;fdfGo ¿kn] j[l4 ePsf] jf yk dfn;fdfg jf ;]jfsf] Joj:yf ug'{k/]sf],

-u_ ljZjljBfnosf] ef}lts ;DklQ ck|Tofl;t ¿kn] lau|g

uO{ jf Ifltu|:t eO{ c;fdfGo vr{ ug'{ k/]sf], -3_ c;fdfGo jf eljtJosf] sf/0fn] ljQLo bfloTj j9\g

uPsf], -ª_ cGo dgfl;a dflkmssf] sf/0f k/]sf] .

-@_ rfn" cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6åf/f ljlgof]lht /sd ckof{Kt

ePdf jf rfn" cfly{s jif{df s'g} gofF kl/of]hgf jf ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ u/fpg cfjZos k/]df jf cGo dgfl;a dflkmssf] sf/0f k/]df sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] k"/s ah]6sf] th'{df u/L To;sf] :jLs[ltsf] nflu ;efdf k|:t't ug{ ;Sg]5 . k"/s ah]6sf] ;DaGwdf jflif{s ah]6sf] th'{df, k|:t'tLs/0f tyf :jLs[lt;DaGwL l;4fGtx¿ ;fdfGotM nfu" x'g]5g\ .

t/ k"/s ah]6sf] th'{df / cGo k|lqmofsf ;DaGwdf sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\sf] lgb]]{zgsf] cwLgdf /xL /lh:6«f/n] ug]{5 .

!%= ah]6 lgoGq0f ug]{ clwsf/M o; lgoddf h'g;'s} s'/f

n]lvPsf] eP tfklg :jLs[t ah]6df sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\ jf ;f] kl/ifb\af6 tf]lsPsf kbflwsf/Ln] cfjZostfcg';f/ lgoGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .

27

kl/R5]b – $ ah]6 sfof{Gjog, ah]6 dfu / ah]6 lgsf;f

!^= ah]6 :jLs[ltdf ljnDa x'“bfsf] cj:yfdf x'g] Joj:yfM -!_ s'g}

sf/0fjz cfly{s jif{ k|f/De x'g'k"j{ ;efaf6 ah]6 :jLs[t eO{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf jf ah]6 :jLs[t eO;s]sf] eP tfklg To;sf] hfgsf/L pko'Qm ;dod} k|fKt x'g g;s]sf] cj:ydf ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ljut cfly{s jif{sf] :jLs[t ah]6df k/]sf] tna eQf -jflif{s j[l4sf] yk /sd ;d]t_ / ;~rfng vr{sf] a9Ldf @) -jL;_ k|ltzt;Dd /lh:6«f/sf] lgsf;faf6 jf cfˆgf] a}+s df}Hbftaf6 vr{ ug{ ;Sg]5 .

t/ To:tf] cj:yfdf k"FhLut ah]6zLif{scGtu{t s'g} /sd vr{ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgsf;f jf a}+s df}Hbftaf6

vr{ ePsf] /sd ah]6 :jLs[t ePsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 ah]6 lgsf;f, ;dfof]hg jf a}+s df}Hbftdf zf]wegf{ ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .

!&= ah]6 lgsf;fsf nflu dfuM -!_ ah]6 :jLs[t eO;s]kl5 ;f]

:jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL k|To]s ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] kbflwsf/L jf clws[tn] ah]6 lgsf;fsf nflu s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6 tf]lsPsf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf dfu u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ah]6 lgsf;fsf nflu dfu ubf{

sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] cGoyf Joj:yf u/]df afx]s ah]6/L

28

;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] nflu $ -rf/_ dlxgfsf nflu rflxg] ah]6 vr{ dfu ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ah]6 lgsf;fsf nflu dfu

ubf{ ah]6 zLif{sdf ;dfj]z ePsf] /sd k6s k6s u/L vr{ ug{ gx'g] jf g;Sg] /sd Ps} k6s dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] cj:yfdf To;sf] kof{Kt / plrt sf/0f v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

!*= ah]6 lgsf;fM -!_ ah]6 lgsf;fsf nflu k|fKt ePsf] dfu

dfly cfjZos 5fgljg u/L cf}lrTo x]/L ah]6 lgsf;f ug{ kfpg] clVtof/jfnfn] ;DalGwt ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ dgfl;a b]lvPsf] /sd;Ddsf] ah]6 lgsf;f lbg' kg]{5 . ah]6 lgsf;f ug]{ clVtof/jfnfn] ah]6 lgsf;f lbFbf cfjZos dfu{bz{g / lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ah]6 lgsf;f ubf{ ;DalGwt

ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ ;f]em} jf To;sf] tfn'sL ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodfkm{t ah]6 lgsf;f k7fpg ;lsg]5 .

29

kl/R5]b —% ah]6 /sdfGt/

!(= ah]6 /sdfGt/df aGb]hM -!_ :jLs[t ah]6sf] Ps ah]6 zLif{s jf pkzLif{s jf ;xfos zLif{saf6 csf]{ ah]6zLif{s jf pkzLif{s jf ;xfos zLif{sdf ckl/xfo{ cj:yf k/]df afx]s ah]6 /sdfGt/ ug'{ u/fpg' x'Fb}g .

-@_Τ Ps cfly{s jif{df @ k6seGbf a9L Ps ah]6 zLif{saf6 csf]{ ah]6 zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ug{ kfOg] 5}g .

-#_ ah]6 /sdfGt/ n]vf k|d'vsf] k/fdz{ glnO{ ug'{ u/fpg'

x'Fb}g . -$_ o; lgoddf h''g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sfo{sf/L

kl/ifb\nfO{ cj:yf x]/L ah]6 /sdfGt/ ug]{ u/fpg] ;DaGwdf aGb]h nufpg] k"0f{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .

@) ah]6 /sdfGt/sf] k|of]hgsf nflu clVtof/jfnfM ah]6

/sdfGt/sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;DalGwt ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] h'g jh]6zLif{s, pkzLif{s / ;xfos zLif{saf6 csf]{ ah]6zLif{s, pkzLif{s / ;xfos zLif{sdf yk u/L ah]6 /sdfGt/ ug'{kg]{ xf] ;f]xL ah]6zLif{s jf pkzLif{s jf ;xfos zLif{ssf] b]xfosf k|ltzt;Dd o; lgodsf] cGo


30

k|fjwfgx¿sf] cwLgdf /xL ah]]6 /sdfGt/ ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ b]xfosf] clVtof/jfnfnfO{ x'g]5 M

-s_Τ @) -la;_ k|ltzt;Dd — ;DalGwt ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v,

-v_Τ@) -la;_ k|ltzteGbf — ;DalGwt jh]6/L ;ª\u7g dfly csf]{ !)-b;_ jf lgsfodf ;~rfns

k|ltzt;Dd ;ldlt jf Joj:yfkg ;ldlt jf Joj:yfkg tyf ljsf; kl/ifb\ /x]sf]df ;f] ;ldlt jf kl/ifb\ t/ To:tf] ;ldlt jf kl/ifb\ g/x]sf] cj:yfdf /lh:6«f/, s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] xsdf #)-lt;_ k|ltzt;Dd /lh:6«f/,

-u_Τ %) -krf;_ k|ltzt;Dd – pks'nklt

π-3_ %) -krf;_k|ltzteGbf – sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\ dfly csf]{ @) -la;_ k|ltzt;Dd

Τ @)%^ kf}if #) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg π @)%^ kf}if #) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk Joj:yf

31

π-ª_ s]GbLo sfof{noafx]s cGo ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ah]6 /sdfGt/ u/]sf] ;"rgf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nonfO{ lbg'kg]{5 .

@!= ah]6 /sdfGt/ x'g] / gx'g] cj:yfM -!_Τ k"Flhut ah]6sf] Ps zLif{s pkzLif{s / ;xfos zLif{saf6 k"Flhut ah]6s} csf]{ zLif{s pkzLif{s / ;xfos zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ug{ ;lsg]5 . t/ k"Flhut ah]6sf] s'g} klg zLif{s pkzLif{s / ;xfos zLif{saf6 ;~rfng ah]6sf] zLif{s, pkzLif{s / ;xfos zLif{sdf / b]xfosf zLif{sx¿af6 /sdfGt/ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

-s_Τt];|f] kIfk|ltsf] bfloTj;Fu ;DalGwt ah]6zLif{s jf pkzLif{saf6,

-v_Τsfo{sf/L kl/ifb\sf] k"j{:jLs[lta]u/ hu]8f ah]6 zLif{s, pkzLif{s jf ;xfos zLif{saf6,

-u_Τ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 tf]lsPsf] ah]6zLif{s jf pkzLif{s jf ;xfos zLif{saf6,

σ-3_ σ-ª_

-@_Τ;~rfng vr{sf] zLif{s, pkzLif{s / ;xfos zLif{scGtu{t tna, eQf, ;~rosf]if cg'bfg,

π @)%^ kf}if #) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk σ @)%^ kf}if #) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 vf/]h Τ @)%^ kf}if #) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

32

sNof0fsf]if, lgj[lQe/0f, pkbfg zLif{s pkzLif{s / ;xfos zLif{saf6 ;~rfng vr{sf] s'g} zLif{s pkzLif{s / ;xfos zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . ;f] afx]s ;~rfng vr{sf] Ps zLif{s pkzLif{s / ;xfos zLif{saf6 ;~rfng vr{s} csf]{ zLif{s pkzLif{s / ;xfos zLif{s tyf k"Flhut vr{sf] s'g} zLif{s pkzLif{s / ;xfos zLif{sdf /sdfGt/ ug{ ;lsg]5 .

σ-s_======

σ-v_======

σ-u_=======

σ-3_=====

-#_ Ps ah]6zLif{s jf pkzLif{s jf ;xfos zLif{saf6 csf]{ ah]6zLif{s jf pkzLif{s jf ;xfos zLif{sdf ah]6 /sdfGt/ ul/ ;s] kl5 ;f]xL ah]6 zLif{s jf pkzLif{s jf ;xfos zLif{sdf k'gM ah]6 /sdfGt/ jf yk ah]6 dfu ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

@@= ah]6 /sdfGt/;DaGwL kmf“6jf/Lsf] Joj:yfM ah]6/L

;ª\u7gdf ePsf] ah]6 /sdfGt/ cj:yf / ljj/0fsf] ;ª\lIfKt kmfF6jf/L cfly{s jif{sf] ;fdfGotM k|To]s ^.^ dlxgfdf /lh:6«f/n] sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\df k|:t't ug'{ kg]{5 .


33

kl/R5]b —^ vr{ ug]{ Joj:yf / sfo{ljlw

@#= vr{ ug]{ Joj:yfM -!_ ljZjljBfnosf] s'g} ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] /sd vr{ ubf{ lgDgadf]lhdsf vr{x¿ lgDgcg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5M

-s_ :jLs[t ah]6cGtu{t vr{M :jLs[t ah]6 zLif{saf6

vr{ ubf{ kl/R5]b $ / % sf] cwLgdf /xL lgod @$ adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .

-v_ ljz]if sf]ifcGtu{t vr{M ljz]if sf]if v8f u/L ;~rfng ul/Psf]df o; lgodsf] lgod % sf] cwLgdf /xL vr{ ug'{ u/fpg' k5{ .

-u_ ;Demf}tfcGtu{t vr{M ljZjljBfnosf] s'g}

;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] s'g} JolQm jf lgsfo;Fu ;Demf}tfcg'¿k sfo{ ubf{ ;f]xL ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePcg';f/ vr{ ug]{ u/fpg] ug'{ k5{ .

-3_ ljz]if cfDbfgLaf6 vr{M ljZjljBfnosf] s'g}

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgoldt ;|f]teGbf afx]s cGo s'g} dfWodaf6 cfDbfgL u/]sf]df ;f]sf] ;~rfng vr{ lgod ^ cg';f/ ug'{ u/fpg' k5{ .

-@_ pklgod -!_ df h];'s} n]lvPsf] eP tfklg k/LIff

;~rfng ;DaGwdf vr{ ug'{kbf{ k/LIff;DaGwL uf]KotfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL cfjZos Joj:yf u/L ;f]xLcg';f/ vr{ ug{ u/fpg ;lsg]5 . o;/L vr{

34

ul/Psf]df k/LIffsf] sfo{ ;dfKt ePkl5 o; lgodadf]lhd vr{ ldnfg ug'{ kg]{5 .

@$= :jLs[t ah]6af6 vr{ ug]{ sfo{ljlwM -!_ :jLs[t ah]6sf]

;DaGwdf k|To]s ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ah]6 zLif{s, pkzLif{s jf ;xfos zLif{scGtu{t vr{ ul/g] tl/sf / ;Ldf ah]6 lgsf;f lbg] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ah]6 :jLs[t ljj/0f;Fu} k7fpg' kg]{5 / ah]6 vr{ ug]{ ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] klg ;f]xL l;4fGt / ;Ldfleq /xL vr{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Lafx]s c¿ s;}n] klg vr{ ug]{

cfb]z lbg] jf vr{ u/]sf] s'/f :jLs[t ug'{ x'Fb}g . -#_ :jLs[t ah]6sf] /sd ;DalGwt zLif{ssf] cwLgdf /xL

rf}dfl;s dfu ug'{, vr{ ug'{ / vr{sf nflu lgsf;f lbg' k5{ .

-$_ ah]6 kfl/t ePsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 lgod !&

adf]lhd k|To]s ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] rf}dfl;s ah]6 lgsf;f k|0ffnLsf] cfwf/df ah]6 lgsf;fsf] nflu dfu u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 . ;dod} ah]6 dfu gu/]af6 jf ah]6 lgsf;f gePaf6 ljZjljBfnosf] sfddf afwf k'u]df To;sf] lhDd]jf/ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'v g} x'g]5 .

-%_ rf}dfl;s lgsf;f dfu ubf{ cl3Nnf] dlxgf;Dd ePsf]

vr{ /sd, dfu ul/Psf] /sd;DaGwL ljj/0f vf]nL sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] tf]s]sf] cGo ljj/0f / 9fFrf cg'¿k dfu ug'{kb{5 .

35

-^_ ah]6/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] rf}dfl;s lgsf;f dfu u/]kl5 :jLs[t ah]6leq /xL a9Ldf $ dlxgf;DdnfO{ k'Ug] /sd ;DalGwt dfu ug]{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] vftfdf lgod !* adf]lhd hDdf u/fOlbg' kg]{5 .

-&_Τ vr{ ug]{ jf vr{sf] lgsf;f lbg] clwsf/Ln] b]xfosf

s'/fx¿ ljrf/ u/L vr{ ug]{ / lgsf;f lbg' k5{ M–

-s_Τ /sd :jLs[t ah]6leq / ;DalGwt zLif{s, pkzLif{s, ;xfos zLif{sleq k5{ / vr{ ug{ afFsL ePdf .

-v_Τ /sd s'g} lgwf{l/t sfo{qmdsf nflu eP ;f]

sfo{qmd :jLs[t eO;s]sf] ePdf .

-u_Τ /sd vr{ ug'{eGbf cl3 vr{ ug{ lgsf;fsf] cfb]z k|fKt eO;s]sf] ePdf .

-*_Τ ;DalGwt ah]6 zLif{s, pkzLif{s jf ;xfos zLif{sdf /x]sf] /sd ckof{Kt 5 / ;f] zLif{s pkzLif{s jf ;xfos zLif{sdf /sd vr{ gu/] ljZjljBfnonfO{ xflggf]S;fgL x'g] jf ljZjljBfnosf] sfddf jfwf kg]{ b]lvPdf ;f]sf] :ki6 sf/0f v'nfO{ w/f}6L, tna / ;~rosf]ifsf] /sd tyf tf]lsPsf] /sdafx]s cGo


36

df}Hbft /x]sf] /sdaf6 s]Gb|Lo sfo{fnosf] :jLs[lt lnO{ vr{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-(_ pklgod -*_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yf eO{ vr{ ul/Psf]df

/lh:6«f/sf] l;kmfl/;df sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] /sdfGt/ u/L To:tf] vr{ ePsf] /sd lgoldt ul/lbg ;Sg]5 .

-!)_ ah]6 lgsf;f ePsf] /sd ;DalGwt cfly{s jif{sf]

cGtdf :jtM vf/]h -k|mLh_ ePsf] dflgg]5 . -!!_ :jLs[t ah]6 /sd vr{ ubf{ b]xfosf] k|lqmof ckgfpg'

kg]{5M -s_ ;DalGwt zLif{sleqsf] ah]6 /sd vr{ ubf{

clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fO{ vr{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-v_ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fO{ vr{ ubf{ vr{ ePsf] lan ekf{O{;lxt cfjZos sfuhft ;lxtsf] n]vf /fVg' k5{ . t/ lan ekf{O{ cfpg g;Sg] sfddf vr{ ePsf] /sdsf] xsdf vr{ ug]{ sd{rf/Ln] k|dfl0ft u/L clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Låf/f ;dy{g u/fO{ n]vf /fVg' kg]{5 .

-u_ :jLs[t ah]6leq /xL lgodfg';f/ sfo{ ;~rfng

ubf{ /sd vr{ u/]sf] lx;falstfa n]vf k|d'våf/f /fVg], /fVg nufpg] ;Dk"0f{ pQ/bfloTj ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vsf] x'g]5 / :jLs[t ah]6sf] kl/lwleq /xL ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] vr{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

37

-3_ ljZjljBfnosf] s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] s'g} /sdsf] e'QmfgL lbFbf e'QmfgL lbg'eGbf cufl8 /Lt k'u] gk'u]sf] hfFr ug'{ kg]{5 . vr{ ePsf] ;a} /l;b, lan, ekf{O{x¿df lghn] jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t sd{rf/Ln] b:tvt u/L k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 .

-ª_ ljZjljBfnosf] s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn]

cfly{s sf/f]af/ ubf{ cfˆgf] dftxtsf sd{rf/Lx¿pk/ k'/f /]vb]v k'¥ofO{ gub jf lhG;L;d]t s'g} lsl;dsf] lxgfldgf xflggf]S;fgL jf nfk/jfxL;d]t x'g gkfpg] u/L gub, lhG;L ;'/lIft /fVg plrt k|aGw ug'{ k5{ . cfkm'n] ug'{kg]{ sfd cfkm'd'lgsf sd{rf/Låf/f u/fPdf klg ;DalGwt k|d'v pQ/bfloTjaf6 cnu x'g] 5}g .

-r_ ljZjljBfnosf] s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn]

k|rlnt lgodadf]lhd s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf dfl;s n]vf kmFf6jf/Lx¿ lgoldt ¿kn] k]; ug{' k5{ . vr{ ePsf] ;a} sndx¿sf] lan, /l;b, ekf{O{ jf c¿ k|df0f /fVg] s'/fsf] pQ/bfloTj ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vsf] x'g]5 .

-5_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f

Pj+ clGtd n]vfk/LIf0f u/fO{ lg:s]sf] a]?h' k|rlnt lgodadf]lhd km5\of}{6 ug'{ u/fpg' k5{ .

-h_ ljsf; kl/of]hgftkm{ ;dod} of]hgfsf] ;e]{,

l8hfOg, nut Ol:6d]6 Pj+ sfo{qmd tof/ u/L

38

;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 :jLs[t u/fO{ ;dod} :jLs[t ah]6df Joj:yf ul/Psf] /sd lgodfg';f/ pknAw u/fO{ tf]lsPsf] sfo{qmdcg';f/ vr{ ug'{ k5{ . tf]lsPsf] sfo{qmdcg';f/ ;fdfgsf] pknlAw, k|fljlws Pj+ k|zf;lgs Joj:yfkg ldnfO{ tf]lsPsf] sfo{ lgwf{l/t ;dod} ;Dkfbg ug'{ ;DalGwt of]hgf k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTj x'g]5 .

-em_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] ;'Dk]sf] sfd /

pQ/bfloTj jxg u/L cfly{s sf/f]af/df sfof{no k|d'vnfO{ d2t ug{ / k|rlnt lgodadf]lhd ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vsf] pQ/bfloTjdf lx;falstfa /Ltk"j{s /fvL k]; ug'{kg]{ lgsfodf k]; u/L n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg] sfd / st{Jo ;DalGwt n]vf k|d'vsf] x'g]5 .

-`_ ljZjljBfnosf] b}lgs sfo{;~rfngsf nflu Ps

5'§} vftf ;~rfng u/L To;}af6 ;Dk"0f{ cfly{s sf/f]af/ ul/g]5 . ;f] vftf tf]lsPsf] jfl0fHo a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /xg]5 . ;f] vftf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'v jf tf]lsPsf] clwsf/L / n]vf k|d'vsf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 dfq ;~rfng x'g]5 .

-6_ ljZjljBfnosf] k|To]s ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn]

cfkm'sxfF k|fKt x'g cfPsf] cfDbfgL a}+s bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . o;} u/L a}+s bflvnf x'g cfPsf] w/f}6L /sdsf] df}Hbft a}+sdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .

39

@%= ;fgf] gubL sf]if;DaGwL Joj:yfM -!_Τ ljZjljBfnosf] s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfly{s sf/f]af/ ubf{ ;s];Dd gubdf vr{ ug'{, k]:sL lbg' / e'QmfgL lbg' x'Fb}g . t/ ckem{6 jf ;fgfltgf cfly{s sf/f]af/sf] ;Dkfbgsf nflu ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] tf]s]adf]lhd ;fgf] gubL sf]if :yfkgf u/L ;~rfng ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] sf]ifaf6

ePsf] vr{ /sdsf] lx;fjlstfj, lan, ekf{O{, /l;b, aLhs, cflb k|dfl0ft u/L cBfjlws /fVg' kb{5 .

-#_ ;fgf] gubL sf]ifaf6 ePsf] vr{ a9Ldf ;ft lbgleq

km5\of}}{6 ug'{ u/fpg' kb{5 / ;f] cfwf/df dfq km5\of}}{6 ePsf] /sd;Dd ;f]w egf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 . ;f]xLadf]lhd ah]6 /sddf / cGo ;DalGwt clen]vdf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .

@%s= lhDd]jf/ JolQm hjfkmb]xL x'g] M -!_ lhDd]jf/ JolQmn]

k|To]s sf/f]af/ :ki6 b]lvg] u/L k|rlnt sfg'gn] tf]s]adf]lhdsf] /Lt k'¥ofO{ n]vf tof/ u/L u/fO{ /fVg' kg]{5 .

-@_ cfly{s k|zf;g ;~rfng ubf{ dftxt sfof{non]

k|rlnt sfg'gsf] kfngf u/] gu/]sf] ;DaGwdf cfjZostf cg';f/ /]vb]v, hfFra'em tyf lg/LIf0f ug]{ / dftxt sfof{nosf] lx;fa s]Gb|Lo lx;fadf ;dfj]z

Τ @)%^ kf}if #) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg @)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk

40

u/fO{ hfFra'em ug]{ u/fpg] pQ/bfloTj n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tsf] x'g]5 .

-#_ n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tn] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd

/]vb]v, hfFra'em tyf lg/LIf0f ubf{ jf n]vfk/LIf0f x'Fbf k|rlnt sfg'gåf/f lgwf{l/t k|lqmof k'/f gu/L sf/f]af/ u/]sf] jf cGo s'g} s}lkmot b]lvg cfPdf lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] To;sf] hjfkmb]xL axg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ s'g} dgfl;a sf/0fn] n]vf ;DaGwL sfddf clgoldt

x'g uPdf lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf sf/0f v'nfO{ lgoldt u/fpgsf] nflu k]z u/]df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq To; ;DaGwdf cfjZos lg0f{o ul/lbg' kg]{5 .

t/ dgfl;a sf/0f geO{ n]vf ;DaGwL sfddf

clgoldt x'g cfPsf] b]lvg cfPdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] lhDd]jf/ JolQmnfO{ klxnf] k6s krf; ?k}ofFF / To;kl5 klg bf]xf]l/g cfPdf k6s} lkR5] krxQ/ ?k}ofF hl/jfgf u/L k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd ljefuLo sf/afxL;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd lg0f{o lbg' kg]{ clwsf/Ln]

tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq lg0f{o glbPdf lghnfO{ Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Ln] klxnf] k6s krf; ?k}ofF / ;f]xL clwsf/Laf6 k'gM csf]{ k6s To:tf] sfo{ bf]xf]l/g uPdf b'O{ ;o krf; ?k}ofF hl/jfgf ug'{ kg]{5 .

41

-^_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd /]vb]v, hfFra'em tyf lg/LIf0f x'Fbf of] lgod tyf o; lgod cGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgodadf]lhd lgwf{l/t k|lqmof k'/f gu/L sf/f]af/ u/]sf] b]lvg cfPdf jf cGo s'g} s}lkmot b]lvg cfPdf hfFrug{ k7fpg] tfn's sfof{no jf sfof{no k|d'vn] snd} lkR5] klRr; ?k}ofF hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

Pp6} lhDd]jf/ JolQmnfO{ ltg k6s eGbf a9L hl/jfgf

eO;s]kl5 k'gM To:tf] sfo{ bf]xf]l/g cfPdf snd} lkR5] lt; ?k}ofF hl/jfgf u/L k|rlnt lgodadf]lhd ljefuLo sf/afxL ;d]t ug'{ kg]{5 .

-&_ of] lgod jf o; lgodcGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgodadf]lhd

n]vf /fv] g/fv]sf], n]vf bflvnf u/] gu/]sf] / n]vfk/LIf0f u/fP gu/fPsf] ;DaGwdf ;do ;dodf hfFr, lg/LIf0f u/L cfGtl/s lgoGq0f / /]vb]v ug]{ lhDd]jf/L /lhi6«f/sf] x'g]5 .

@%v= gubL lhG;L bflvnf ug]{ / n]vf /fVg] M -!_ lhDd]jf/

JolQmn] cfkmgf] lhDdfdf cfPsf] gubLsf] xsdf ;f]xL lbg jf To;sf] ef]lnkN6 / lhG;L dfn;fdfg eP ;ft lbgleq oyf:yfgdf bflvnf u/L >]:tf v8f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq lhDd]jf/ JolQmn]

gubL tyf lhG;L bflvnf u/]sf] >]:tf v8f ug{ g;s]df To;sf] dgfl;a sf/0f v'nfO{ Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/L ;dIf Dofb yksf] nflu cg'/f]w ug{ ;Sg]5 .


42

o;/L cg'/f]w e} cfPdf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Ln] dgfl;a sf/0f b]v]df Ps} k6s jf b'O{ k6s u/L a9Ldf k}+tfln; lbg;Ddsf] Dofb ylklbg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd ylkPsf] Dofbleq klg >]:tf

v8f gug]{ lhDd]jf/ JolQmnfO{ Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Ln] snd} lkR5] krf; ?k}ofF jf lauf]sf] b; k|ltzt;Dd hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-$_ cfˆgf] lhDdfdf cfPsf] gubL ;f]xL lbg jf To;sf] ef]lnkN6 oyf:yfgdf bflvnf gu/]sf] b]lvg cfPdf ;DalGwt tfn's sfof{no jf /lhi6«f/n] b; lbg;Dd l9nf] u/]sf] eP b; k|ltzt hl/jfgf u/L ;f] bflvnf ug{ nufpg] / kGw| lbg;Dd l9nf] u/]sf] eP kGw| k|ltzt hl/jfgf u/L ;f] ;d]t bflvnf ug{ nufpg] / kGw| lbgeGbf a9L l9nf] u/]sf] eP klRr; k|ltzt hl/jfgf u/L gub bflvnf ug{ nufO{ s;"/sf] dfqf cg';f/ k|rlnt lgodadf]lhd ljefuLo sf/afxL ;d]t ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bflvnf ug'{kg]{ To:tf] gubL cÍ a}+s / sfof{no larsf b"/L ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L /lhi6«f/n] gub bflvnf ug]{ yk Dofb tf]lslbg ;Sg]5 .

@%u= n]vf bflvnf ug]{ M -!_ cfly{s k|zf;g dxfzfvfn] dxfn]vf k/LIfsn] tf]s]sf] Dofbleq k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ljZjljBfno sf]ifsf] cltl/Qm ljlgof]hg, cfDbfgL, w/f}6L, j}b]lzs cg'bfg / C0f ;xfotf tyf nufgLsf] n]vf /


43

cfly{s jif{sf] s]Gb|Lo n]vfsf] cfly{s ljj/0f dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] ljefu ;dIf bflvnf ug{' kg]{5 .

-@_ n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tn] dftxt sfof{no;d]tsf] k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] ;Dk"0f{ cfo–Joosf] s]Gb|Lo cfly{s ljj/0f tof/L u/L /lhi6«f/ ;dIf k]z ug{' kg]{5 .

-#_ lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] sf/f]af/sf] n]vf / ;DalGwt sfuhft tf]lsPsf] sfof{nodf jf n]vfk/LIfs ;dIf tf]lsPadf]lhd bflvnf ug{' kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd n]vf bflvnf ug{ g;s]sf] dgfl;a sf/0f b]vfO{ Dofb yksf] nflu cg'/f]w u/]df Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Ln] a9Ldf k}+lt; lbg;Ddsf] Dofb ylklbg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd yk ul/Psf] Dofbleq klg n]vf

bflvnf gug]{ lhDd]jf/ JolQmnfO{ Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Ln] klxnf] k6ssf] nflu k|To]s snddf klRr; ?k}ofFsf] b/n] / bf];|f] k6sdf k|To]s sndsf] nflu krf; ?k}ofFsf] b/n] hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 / k'gM csf]{ k6s ;f]xL sfo{ u/]df k|rlnt lgodadf]lhd ljefuLo sf/afxL ;d]t ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-^_ tf]lsPsf]] Dofbleq n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[t jf

lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] n]vf / cfly{s ljj/0f bflvnf u/fpg' kg]{5 .

44

-&_ cfDbfgL, gubL, lhG;L tyf w/f}6L bflvnf ug]{ tyf To;sf] n]vf clen]v cBfjlws ¿kdf /fVg] ;DaGwdf cGo Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

@%3= xfgL gf]S;fgL c;'n pk/ ul/g] M o; lgodadf]lhd

/fVg'kg]{ sf/f]af/sf] n]vf 7Ls;Fu g/fv]sf] sf/0faf6 ljZjljBfnonfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL tyf Iflt x'g uPdf To;/L kg{ uPsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL tyf Ifltk"lt{ lhDd]jf/ JolQmaf6 ljZjljBfnosf] afFsL ;/x c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .


45

kl/R5]b – & k]:sL / To;sf] km5\of}{6;DaGwL Joj:yf

@^= k]:sL lbg];DaGwL Joj:yfM -!_ ljZjljBfnosf] e}k/L cfpg]

sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ jfwf k'Ug] ePdf afx]s ;fdfGotof k]:sL lbOg] 5+}g .

-@_ ljZjljBfnosf] ;Demf}tf jf s/f/df vf; sfdsf] nflu

k]:sL lbg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] /x]5 eg] ;f]xLadf]lhd k]:sL lbOg]5 .

-#_ ljZjljBfnosf] kbflwsf/L, lzIfs, sd{rf/L, ;ª\ul7t

;+:yf jf JolQmnfO{ k]:sL lbg'kg]{ kof{Kt sf/0f ePdf ;dod} km5\of}}{6 ug{ ;lsg]tkm{ ljrf/ u/L k]:sL lbg'k5{ . klxnf] k]:sL km5\of}}{6 geP;Dd k'gM k]:sL lbOg] 5}g . t/, dgfl;a sf/0fsf] cfwf/df clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] tf]lsPsf] ;doleq km5\of}}{6 ug]{ u/L k]:sL lbg ;Sg]5 .

@&= k]:sL lng kmf“6af/L k]; ug'{ kg]{M-!_ ljZjljBfnosf] sfd

sfhsf] lgldQ o; lgodadf]lhd k]:sL lbg' kbf{ s'g sfdsf lgldQ s] slt /sd rflxg] xf] To;sf] kmfF6jf/L ;DalGwt JolQmn] k]; ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt kmfF6jf/Lsf] cfwf/df

lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] lx;fa u/L ;DalGwt sfdsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ /sdeGbf a9L gx'g] k/L k]:sL lbg' kg]{5 .

46

:ki6Ls/0F ælhDd]jf/ JolQmÆ eGgfn] ljZjljBfnosf] gubL, lhG;L c;'npk/ ug]{, lhDdf lng], bflvnf ug]{ jf lgodfg';f/ vr{ u/L cfGtl/s jf clGtd n]vf k/LIf0f u/L lx;fa km5\of{pg] JolQm ;Demg'kb{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] k]:sL o; lgodadf]lhd

tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq tf]lsPsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ km5\of}{6 ug'{ k]:sL lng] lbg] b'a}sf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

@*= ;?jf, a9'jf eO{ hf“bfsf] k]:sLM -!_ ljZjljBfnosf] s'g}

;ª\u7g jf lgsfoaf6 csf]{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf ;?jf jf a9'jf eO{ hfFbf ljZjljBfnosf lzIfs jf sd{rf/Ln] lgodadf]lhd ;fljssf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfoaf6 kfpg] tna / b}lgs tyf e|d0f eQf k]:sLdWo] tna k]:sLsf] xsdf k]:sL kfPsf] ldltn] b'O{ dlxgfleq kfpg] tnaaf6 ls:tfaGbLdf s§f u/L km5\of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 / b}lgs / e|d0f eQfsf] xsdf ;?jf a9'jf eO{ uPsf] ;ª\u7g jf sfof{nodf xflh/ ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq km5\of}{6 ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ;?jf jf a9'jf eO{ hfg] lzIfs

jf sd{rf/Laf6 k]:sL km5\of}{6 ePkl5 ;f] ePsf] ldltn] !% lbgleq lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] k]:sL /sdsf] ;f]wegf{ ;flas sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-#_ ;flassf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf k]:sL /sdsf] ;f]wegf{

k7fpg xfnsf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf /sd df}Hbft gePdf jf eO/x]sf] lgsf;fn] gk'Ug] ePdf lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] ;f] /sdsf] lgsf;fsf nflu lgsf;f lbg]

47

clwsf/L sxfF n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 / To;sf] ;"rgf ;flassf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ ;d]t lbg' kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd lgsf;fsf nflu n]lvk7fO;s]kl5

dfuadf]lhdsf] /sd lgsf;f eO{ cfPdf lgsf;f eO{ cfPsf] ;ft lbgleq k]:sL /sdsf] ;f]wegf{ lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] ;flassf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

@(= b}lgs tyf e|d0f eQf k]:sLM ljZjljBfnosf] sfdsf

l;nl;ndf g]kfn leq jf ljb]z e|d0fdf hfg] ljZjljBfnosf lzIfs jf sd{rf/Ln] b}lgs tyf e|d0f eQf / cGo vr{;d]t k]:sLsf] ¿kdf lnPsf] /sd e|d0faf6 cfˆgf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf kms]{sf] jf e|d0f sfo{ k'/f u/]sf] ldltn] lt; lbgleq km5\of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

#)= ;fdfg vl/b;DaGwL k]:sLM -!_ ljZjljBfnon] g]kfn leq jf

ljb]zaf6 ;fdfg vl/b ubf{ o; lgodsf] /Lt k'¥ofO{ vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ;DalGwt kmd{ jf ;ª\ul7t

;+:yfaf6 ;f]em} e'tmfgL lbO{ ;fdfg vl/b ug{ g;sL ljZjljBfnosf] sd{rf/LnfO{ k]:sL lbO{ ;fdfg vl/b ug'{kg]{ cj:yf k/]df To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] ;fdfg vl/b ug{ k]:sL a'emL ;fdfg vl/b u/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf kms]{sf] ;ft lbgleq ;f] k]:sL /sd km5\of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ o; lgodadf]lhd ;fdfg vl/b ug{ cfˆgf] ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfosf] sd{rf/LnfO{ k]:sL lbO{ k7fpg' kg]{ ePdf

48

;fwf/0ftofM n]vf zfvfsf sd{rf/LnfO{ k]:sL lbO{ k7fpg' x'Fb}g .

#!= k|tLtkqåf/f ;fdfg lemsfp“bfsf] k]:sL km5\of}{6M -!_

ljZjljBfnocGtu{tsf s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k|tLtkqåf/f ;fdfg lemsfpFbf cfˆgf] sfof{nodf ;fdfg k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] k|tLtkq vf]lnPsf] k]:sL /sd km5\of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ ;fdfg pknAw u/fpg] ;DalGwt kmd{ jf ;ª\ul7t

;+:yf jf ljqm]tfaf6 ;fdfg pknAw ug{ tf]lsPsf] ;doleq ;fdfg k|fKt x'g g;s]df ;fwf/0ftof k|tLtkq /2 ug'{ kg]{5 jf ;f] afkt a}+sdf hDdf ePsf] /sd lkmtf{ lnO{ k|tLtkq vf]lnPsf] k]:sL /sd km5\of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

#@= JolQm, kmd{ jf ;+:yfnfO{ lbOg] k]:sLM -!_ ljZjljBfno

cGtu{tsf s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b ug{, ;]jf pknAw ug{ jf lgdf{0f;DaGwL sfdsf nflu s'g} JolQm, kmd{ jf ;ª\ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ k]:sL lbFbf sfg'gadf]lhd wghdfgL jf

a}+s hdfgt lng' kg]{5 . t/ ♦g]kfn ;/sf/ sf] krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L :jfldTj ePsf] ;ª\ul7t ;+:yfnfO{ k]:sL lbFbf wghdfgL jf a}+s hdfgt lng' kg]{5}g .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]:sL lbOPsf]df o; lgodsf]

cwLgdf /xL ;Demf}tfadf]lhd km5\of}{6 ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .

♦ @)^* ;fn j}zfv * ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

49

##= k]:sL lbg gx'g]M cfly{s jif{sf] cGt;Dddf sfd x'g gkfO{ s]jn ah]6 NofK; x'g glbg] p2]Zon] dfq s;}nfO{ k]:sL lbg jf w/f}6L vftfdf hDdf ug'{ x'Fb}g .

#$ =k]:sL km5\of}{6 gu/]df sf/afxL x'g]M -!_Τ k]:sL lng]

ljZjljBfnosf] lzIfs jf sd{rf/Ln] o; lgoddf tf]lsPsf] k]:sL km5\of}{6 ug'{kg]{ Dofbleq k]:sL km5\of}{6 gu/]df km5\of}{6 x'g afFsL k]:sL /sddf Dofb gf3]sf ldltn] jflif{s afx| k|ltztsf b/n] Aofh;d]t nufO{ lnOg]5 / To:tf] lzIfs sd{rf/Lpk/ ;]jf ;t{;DaGwL lgodadf]lhd cfjZos sf/afxL ul/g]5 .

-@_ k]:sL lng] lzIfs jf sd{rf/Laf6 k]:sL;DaGwL

cfjZos ljj/0f k|fKt ePkl5 jf ;fdfg jf ;]jf k|fKt u/fpg] jf cGo sfd tfd]n ug]{ JolQm, kmd{ jf ;ª\ul7t ;+:yfaf6 ;fdfg jf ;]jf k|fKt ePkl5 jf tf]lsPsf] sfd tfd]n ePkl5 ;]jf ;t{;DaGwL lgodadf]lhd cfjZos sf/afxL ul/g]5 .

#%= km5\of}{6 x'g af“sL k]:sL /sdsf] lhDd]jf/L ;fg]{ / a'ema'emf/y

ug]{M -!_ ljZjljBfnosf] sfdsfhsf] lgldQ Ps cfly{s jif{df uPsf] k]:sLsf] /sd ;f]xL cfly{s jif{df km5\of}{6 x'g g;s]df lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] To;/L km5\of}{6 x'g afFsL /sdsf] lhDd]jf/L csf]{ cfly{s jif{df ;fg'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] ;?jf a9'jf x'Fbf jf cjsfzk|fKt x'Fbf

jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] ljZjljBfno 5f]8L hfFbf jf


50

sfdaf6 cnu x'Fbf km5\of}{6 x'g afFsL k]:sL /sdsf] a'ema'emf/y ug'{ kg]{5 .

#^= k]:sLsf] kmf“6jf/L k]; ug'{ kg]{M lhDd]jf/ JolQmn] s]Gb|Lo

sfof{nodf k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] cfiff9 dlxgfsf] n]vf ;|]:tf bflvnf ubf{{ ;f] cfly{s jif{el/df uPsf] k]:sL, km5\of}{6 ePsf] k]:sL, km5\of}{6 x'g afFsL k]:sL, km5\of}{6 ug'{kg]{ Dofb gf3]sf] k]:sL / Dofbleq k]:sL km5\of}{6 gug]{ JolQmsf] gfd;d]t v'nfO{ k]:sLsf] kmfF6jf/L ;d]t k]; ug'{ kg]{5 . o:tf] kmfF6jf/L k|fKt ePkl5 s]Gb|Lo sfof{non] Dofb gf3]sf] k]:sLsf] nut /fvL Dofbleq k]:sL km5\of}{6 gug]{nfO{ cfjZos sf/afxL ug'{ jf ug{ nufpg' k5{ .

51

kl/R5]b – * n]vf;DaGwL Joj:yf

#&= n]vf k|0ffnL tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]M -!_ ljZjljBfnosf] cfo, Joo, k]:sL, w/f}6L, lhG;L, gub, rn–crn ;DklQ, bfjL, bfloTj nufotsf] cfly{s Jojxf/ tyf sf/f]af/sf] n]vf k|0ffnL sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .

σt/======== -@_ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] n]vfsf] k|kq, 9fFrf, clen]vljlw,

lgb]{lzsf, lbUbz{g cflb hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;f]adf]lhd ug'{ u/fpg' k|To]s ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v / n]vfk|d'vsf] st{Jo / lhDd]jf/L x'g]5 .

-#_ ljZjljBfnosf] P]g, lgod, ah]6 k|0ffnL / cGo

sfo{ljlw cflbaf6 n]vf k|0ffnL / 9fFrfdf c;/ kg]{ ePdf jf k/]df ;f]xLcg';f/ n]vf k|0ffnL / 9fFrf tyf sfo{ljlwdf tTsfn} x]/km]/, yk36 jf ;dfof]hg ug]{ u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L /lh:6«f/sf] x'g]5 . tT;DaGwdf /lh:6«f/n] sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\;dIf hfgsf/L jf cfjZos sf/afxLsf nflu ;DalGwt ljj/0f k|:t't ug]{5 .

#*= n]vf cBfjlws /fVg' kg]{M ljZjljBfnosf] k|To]s ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfosf] cfly{s Jojxf/ / sf/f]jf/sf] l:ylt jf:tljs tyf


52

:ki6 ¿kdf b]lvg] u/L n]vf cBfjlws ¿kdf /Lt k'¥ofO{ /fVg' / /fVg nufpg' ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vsf] st{Jo / lhDd]jf/L x'g]5 .

#(= n]vf;DaGwL ljj/0f / kmf“6jf/L k7fpg' kg]{M -!_ n]vf /

tT;DaGwL ljleGg cfjlws jf cw{jflif{s jf jflif{s ljj/0f jf kmfF6jf/L ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq} bflvn x'g] u/L k7fpg' jf k7fpg nufpg' k|To]s ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'v, n]vfk|d'vsf] st{Jo / lhDd]jf/L x'g]5 .

-@_Τ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd bflvn ePsf] ljj/0f jf

kmfF6jf/Ldf cfjZos sf/afxL ug'{ u/fpg' jf pklgod -!_ adf]lhd bflvn x'g'kg]{ ljj/0f jf kmfF6jf/L Dofbleq bflvn gePdf cfjZos sf/afxL ug'{ u/fpg' ljj/0f k|fKt ug{ tf]lsPsf] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vsf] st{Jo / lhDd]jf/L x'g]5 .

$)= cfo–Joosf] k|ltj]bg k|:t't ug'{kg]{ Joj:yfM -!_ /lh:6«f/n]

ljZjljBfnosf] cfo–Joo k|ltj]bg ;fdGotof k|To]s rf/ dlxgfdf sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\df k|:t't ug{' kg]{5 .

-@_ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\sf] tkm{af6 /lh:6«f/n] ljZjljBfnosf]

cfo–Joosf] ljj/0f ;fwf/0f ;efdf k|:t't ug'{ kg]{5 . $!= n]vfsf] lg/LIf0fM -!_ n]vf tyf cfly{s sf/f]af/sf] k|fdfl0fs

k|n]v jf sfuhft 7Ls, ;'/lIft, b'?:t / cBfjlws ¿kdf


53

/flvPsf] 5, 5}g eGg] s'/fsf] lgoldt jf 58\s] hfFr jf lg/LIf0f clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ n]vfsf] hfFr jf lg/LIf0fdf clgoldttf b]lvPdf To;nfO{ oyfzL3| lgoldt u/fpg ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'v, n]vfk|d'v tyf cGo lhDd]jf/ sd{rf/LnO{ lgb]{zg lbg] clwsf/ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 . o;/L lgoldt u/fpg] lgb]{zg k|fKt ePkl5 oyfzL3| /Ltk"j{s lgoldt ¿kdf n]vf /fVg nufpg' ;DalGwt k|d'v / n]vfk|d'vsf] st{Jo / lhDd]jf/L x'g]5 .

-#_ s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] s'g} n]vfdf s}lkmot /x]sf]

eGg] s'g} k|sf/af6 b]lvPdf clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 To;dfly cfjZos sf/afxL ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .

54

kl/R5]b – ( n]vf k/LIf0f;DaGwL Joj:yf

$@= n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg' kg]{M-!_ k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] cfo–Joo P]gsf] bkmf @% -@_ adf]lhd n]vf k/LIf0fsf lgldQ cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ u/L n]vf cBfjlws /fvL ;f]sf] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f u/fO{ /fVg'kg]{ st{Jo ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vsf] x'g]5 .

-@_ P]gsf] bkmf @% -@_ adf]lhdsf] n]vf k/LIf0fsf]

l;nl;nfdf :ki6Ls/0f jf hjfkm / n]vf;Fu ;DalGwt dfu]sf k|df0fx¿ pknAw u/fpg' ;DalGwt n]vf k|d'vsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . oyf;dodf o:tf k|df0fx¿ k|:t't ug{ g;lsg] l:ylt ePsf] dgfl;a dflkmssf] sf/0f pNn]v u/]df n]vf k/LIfsn] lt; lbgleq k|df0f, sfuhft tyf :ki6Ls/0f jf hjfkm lbg'kg]{ u/L Dofb lbg]5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ sf] Dofbleq k|df0f, sfuhft tyf dfu

ePsf] hjfkm k]; gu/]df ;DalGwt sd{rf/LnO{ ;]jf–;t{;DaGwL lgodcGtut ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a]?h'

km5{\of}6;DaGwL sfd ;Gtf]ifhgs ¿kdf u/]df To:tf] n]vf /fVg] sd{rf/L eP ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] / ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'v eP sfo{sf/L

55

kl/ifb\n] ljefuLo sf/afxL gug]{ u/L ldgxf lbg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ n]vf k/LIf0faf6 a]?h'x¿ ePsf] b]lvPdf oyfzL3| a]?h'

km5\of}{6 ug{ nufpg' ;DalGwt k|d'vsf] lhDd]jf/L x'g]5. oyf;dodf a]?h' km5\of}{6 gu/]df To:tf] a]?h' ljZjljBfnosf] kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf sd{rf/Lsf] eP lghx¿sf] tna jf o:t} cGo ;|f]taf6 s§f ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-^_ lgod @# sf] pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_, -u_ / -3_

adf]lhdsf] cfoJoosf] n]vf tyf cfly{s sf/f]af/ ;d]t o; lgodcg';f/ n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg' ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

-&_ o; lgodadf]lhd n]vf k/LIf0f ubf{ n]vf k/LIfsn]

ljZjljBfnosf] sfo{qmdcg';f/ ljlgof]lht ePsf] /sdcg'¿k sfo{ eP gePsf] ;f] ;d]t k/LIf0f -kkm{d]{G; cl86_ ug'{ kg]{5 .

$#= cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0fM -!_Τ lqe'jg ljZjljBfno cGtu{tsf ljleGg ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf cfo–Joosf] n]vf tyf cfly{s sf/f]af/sf] P]gsf] bkmf @% -@_ adf]lhd x'g] clGtd n]vf k/LIf0fnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg' kg]{5 . o:tf] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f /lh:6«f/sf] sfof{nocGtu{tsf] tf]lsPsf] dxfzfvf jf /lh:6«f/n] tf]s]sf] n]vf k/LIfsaf6 u/fpg' kg]{5 .

Τ @)%* kf}if @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

56

-@_ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIfsn] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f;DaGwL d"ne"t l;4fGtx¿sf] cfwf/df n]vf k4lt / To;sf] sfof{Gjog tyf kfng, n]vf / df}Hbftsf ;DaGwdf ah]6 lgsf;f, vr{ / cfDbfgLsf ;DaGwdf ;fdfg / ;DklQsf] vl/bsf ;DaGwdf / lgdf{0f–dd{tsf ;DaGwdf, c;'npk/ ug'{kg]{ /sd / e'QmfgLsf] /sd ;DaGwdf, a]?h', ldgfxf, lnnfd laqmLsf ;DaGwdf ljQLo cg'zf;gsf] kfngf / k|of]usf] ;DaGwdf tyf k|rlnt lgod Pj+ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\ tyf ljZjljBfnosf kbflwsf/Laf6 tf]lsPsf cGo ljifoj:t'sf ;DaGwdf ;d]t hfFr ug'{ k5{ .

$$= cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIfssf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/M -!_ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIfsnfO{ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f ul/Psf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] u/]sf] cfly{s sf/f]af/, Jojxf/ tyf To;;DaGwL n]vfaf/] jf:tljs tYo b]vfpg], l6Kk0fL ug]{ / cfˆgf] /fo ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg lbg] clwsf/ x'g]5 .

-@_ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIfsn] cfˆgf] sfo{sf] l;nl;nfdf

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v jf n]vf;DaGwL sd{rf/L jf ;DalGwt JolQm;Fu lgod $# sf] pklgod -@_ sf] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0fsf] If]q;Fu ;DalGwt s'g} klg ljifodf ;f]wgL ug]{ tyf sfuhft dfu ug]{ tyf cfjZos b]v]df :ynut lg/LIf0f;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIfssf] :jtGq clwsf/ / Jofj;flos

g}ltstfdf cf3ft gkg]{ u/L sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] lbPsf] dfu{{bz{gnfO{ kfngf ug'{ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIfssf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

57

-$_ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIfsn] s;}sf] bjfj, k|efj jf df]nflxhfdf gk/L Jofj;flos g}ltstfsf] cfwf/df n]vf k/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

$%= cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bgM -!_ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIfsn]

b]xfosf clwsf/L jf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo ;dIf cfˆgf] k|ltj]bg cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f u/]sf] ldltn] Ps dlxgfleq k|:t't ug'{ kg]{5M

-s_ cfkm"nfO{ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f ug{ v6fPsf

;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v, -v_ /lh:6«f/, -u_ dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] ljefu,

-3_ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 tf]lsPsf] kbflwsf/L jf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo .

-@_ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIfsn] cfˆgf] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f

k|ltj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/fx¿ ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5M -s_ n]vf k4lt / ljQLo k|0ffnL;DaGwL q'l6,

-v_ cfly{s sf/f]af/df ePsf clgoldttf,

-u_ lgoldt x'g' kg]{ / ug{ ;lsg] cfly{s sf/f]af/x¿,

-3_ c;'npk/ ul/g' kg]{ /sd jf b]lvPsf] a]?h',

58

-ª_ cfly{s cg'zf;g sfod /fVg cfjZos b]lvPsf s'/f tyf ;'emfjx¿ .

-#_ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0fsf] k|ltj]bgsf cfwf/df sfd

sf/afxL ug'{ u/fpg' ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vsf] st{Jo / pQ/bfloTj x'g]5 .

59

•kl/R5]b – (s a]?h' km5\of}{6 / c;'npk/;DaGwL Joj:yfM

$%s a]?h' km5\of}{6 ug]{ u/fpg] pQ/bfloTjM -!_ n]vf

k/LIf0faf6 cf}NofOPsf] a]?h' ;DaGwdf k|df0f k]; u/L jf lgoldt u/fO jf c;'n pk/ u/L km5\of}{6 ug]{ bfloTj n]vf pQ/bfoL clws[tsf] x'g]5 .

-@_ h'g JolQm jf lgsfosf] gfddf /x]sf] a]?h' km5\of}{6 u/] jf gu/]sf] cg'udg u/L gu/]sf] eP k|rlnt lgodadf]lhd km5\of}{6 ug{ nufpg] bfloTj n]vfsf] lhDd]jf/L lnO sfo{ ug]{ JolQmsf] pQ/bfloTj x'g]5 .

$%v ;Dk/LIf0f tyf a]?h' km5\of}{6M -!_ dxfn]vf k/LIfssf]

ljefuaf6 n]vfk/LIf0f x'Fbf cf}NofOPsf a]?h'sf ;DaGwdf ;f] a]?h'sf] ;"rgf k|fKt ePsf] k}+lt; lbgleq ;DalGwt sfof{non] tf]lsPadf]lhd km5f}{6 u/L ;Dk/LIf0f u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq a]?h' ;Dk/LIf0f tyf km5\of}{6 u/fpg g;Sg] dgfl;a dflkmssf] sf/0f ePdf sf/0f;d]t pNn]v u/L Dofb yksf] nflu dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] ljefu;dIf cg'/f]w ug{ ;lsg]5 .

$%u a]?h' nut sfod ug]{ M -!_ dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] k|ltj]bgdf

cf}NofOPsf a]?h' c;'npk/ ug'{kg]{ tyf ltg'{ j'emfpg'kg]{

• @)^* ;fn j}zfv * ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk Joj:yf

60

7x¥ofPsf] /sdsf] nfut s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-@_ dxfn]vf k/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf] d:of}6 / lxgfldgf ePsf]

/sd jf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ lgoldt x'g g;s]sf a]?h' /sd ;DalGwt JolQmaf6 c;'/pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

$%3 a]?h' km5\of}}{6 ;ldltsf] u7gM -!_ ;fdfGo k|s[ofaf6

km5\of}}{6 x'g g;s]sf a]?h'x¿ km5\of}}{6 ;DaGwL ldgfxfsf] nflu cfwf/ sf/0f;lxt l;kmfl/; k]; ug{ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] s]Gb|Lo :t/df Ps a]?h' km5\of{}6 ;ldlt u7g ug]{5 .

-@_ dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] ljefuaf6 n]vf k/LIf0f x'Fbf

b]lvPsf d:of}6 / lxgfldgf ePsf] /sd c;'npk/ ug'{kg]{ 7xl/Psf] a]?h'afx]s ;fdfGo lgoldt k|lqmofaf6 km5\of}{6 tyf ;Dk/LIf0f x'g g;s]sf s'g} cWoog ;+:yfg, ;ªsfo\, cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, SofDk;, sfof{nosf] km5\of}}{6 ug{ jf ldgfxf lbgsf] nflu ;ldltsf] tkm{af6 l;kmfl/; eO{ cfPdf cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df To:tf] a]?h' lgoldt jf ldgfxf u/L a]?h' km5\of}{6sf] nflu dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] ljefudf sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] lg0f{o u/L k7fpg' kg]{5 .

61

kl/R5]b – !) k'/:sf/ tyf 5fqj[lQ;DaGwL Joj:yf

$^= k'/:sf/ tyf 5fqj[lQ :yfkgf ug{ ;lsg]M -!_ ljZjljBfnon] ljZjljBfnosf nflu dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg u/]sf JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] gfddf s'g} k'/:sf/, Ogfd, 5fqj[lQ lbg tyf kbssf] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L :yfkgf ePsf] 5fqj[lQsf] ;~rfngsf] ;DaGwdf sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] sfo{ljlw agfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ ljZjljBfno / cGo s'g} bftfsf] cfk;L ;Demf}tfsf] cfwf/df

s'g} 5fqj[lt / k'/:sf/x¿sf] ;~rfng ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L :yfkgf ePsf] 5fqj[lQ / k'/:sf/sf] ;~rfng ljZjljBfno / bftfx¿sf] lardf ePsf] ;Demf}tfcg';f/ x'g]5 .

-#_ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\sf] k"j{:jLs[lt lnO{ ljZjljBfno cGtu{tsf]

s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] bftfx¿;Fu ;Demf}tf u/L 5'§} k'/:sf/ tyf 5fqj[lQsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ljZjljBfnosf lzIfs, sd{rf/L jf ljBfyL{x¿sf] lxtsf lgldQ 5'§} k'/:sf/ jf 5fqj[lQsf] ;d]t Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] k'/:sf/ jf 5fqj[lQsf]

;~rfngsf] ;DaGwdf To:tf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo cfkm}n] sfo{ljlw agfO{ Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 . t/ To:tf] sfo{ljlw sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 :jLs[t ePkl5 dfq nfu" x'g]5 .

62

-%_ lqe'jg ljZjljBfno cfkm}n] h]x]Gbf/ tyf lk5l8Psf ju{sf nflu 5fqj[lQsf] Joj:yf sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] tf]s]cg';f/ ug{ ;Sg]]5 .

-^_Τ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] tf]s]cg';f/ ljZjljBfnosf lzIfs tyf sd{rf/L / lghsf a9Ldf b'O{ hgf ;GtfgnfO{ / tf]lsPsf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ljZjljBfnosf SofDk;x¿df dfl;s z'Ns ldgfxf ug{ ;Sg]5 .


63

kl/R5]b – !! vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L / vl/b ljlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf

$&= vl/b sf/afxLsf] tof/L ug'{ kg]{M ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / o; cGtu{tsf cGo ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] s'g} vl/b sf/afxLsf] tof/L ubf{ b]xfoadf]lhd ug'{kg]{5 M

-s_ vl/b cfjZostfsf] klxrfg ug]{, -v_ vl/b ;DaGwL ljleGg k|fljlws s'/f ;dfwfg ug{ /

cfk"lt{stf{sf] pknAwtf olsg ug{ ahf/df k|rlnt vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] hfgsf/L lng],

-u_ cl3Nnf jif{x¿df ;dfg k|s[ltsf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{

jf k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ul/Psf] eP To:tf] vl/b k|lqmofsf] cWoog ug]{,

-3_ vl/bsf] ljj/0f, kl/df0f / If]q olsg ug]{, -ª_ vl/bnfO{ a9L ;'ljwfhgs ;d"xdf ljefhg ug]{ jf

Kofs]hdf ;dfj]z ug{], -r_ vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug{ nufpg], -5_ vl/bsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug]{,

@)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 kl/R5]b !! b]lv !( ;Dd vf/]h u/L pQm kl/R5]bdf gofF yk Joj:yf

64

-h_ vl/bsf] cfly{s ;|f]t / /sdsf] klxrfg ug]{, -em_ vl/b ljlwsf] 5gf}6 ug]{, / -`_ b'O{ s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] vl/beGbf afx]ssf]

cGo vl/bdf af]nkq bftfsf] of]Uotf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] sf/afxL ug'{kg]{ jf gkg]{ s'/f olsg ug]{ .

$*=clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] cfb]z lagf vl/b ug{ gx'g]M

clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] lnlvt cfb]z lagf s;}n] s'g} vl/b ug{ u/fpg x'Fb}g .

$(= vl/b dfu k|fKt ug'{ kg{]M -!_ dfn;fdfg vl/b ;DaGwL

sf/afxL ;'? ug'{ cl3 ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] vl/b dxfzfvf jf zfvf jf pkzfvf jf vl/b sfo{ ug{ tf]lsPsf] zfvfn] ;a} dxfzfvf, zfvfAff6 vl/b dfu k|fKt u/L ;f] dfu clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] vl/b dfudf b]xfosf s'/f

pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 M

-s_ dfn;fdfgsf] k|sf/, u'0f:t/, kl/df0f ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -v_ dfn;fdfg cfjZos kg]{ ;do, -u_ vl/bsf] cg'dflgt d"No, / -3_ d"No a]xf]l/g] ;|f]t .

65

$(s= dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ / ;]jfsf] ljj/0f tof/ ug'{kg]{ M -!_ ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / o;cGtu{tsf ;a} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jf vl/b ug{' cl3 To; ;DaGwL :k]l;lkms]zg, of]hgf, gSzf, l8hfOg, ljz]if cfjZostf Jff cGo ljj/0fx¿ tof/ ug{' kg{]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ To:tf

dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] ;Da¢ j:t'ut k|fljlws tyf u'0f:t/hGo ljz]iftf / sfdsf] cfwf/df tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd ljj/0f tof/ ubf{

dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] ljz]iftfx¿ :ki6¿kdf a'lemg] u/L pNn]v ug]{ csf]{ s'g} pkfo gePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s s'g} vf; a|f08, 6]«8dfs{, gfd, k]6]06, l8hfOg, k|sf/, pTklQ jf pTkfbssf] gfd pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]] 5}g .

t/ To;/L pNn]v gu/L gx'g] cj:yfdf s'g} vf;

a|f08, 6]«8dfs{, gfd, k]6]06, l8hfOg, k|sf/, pTklQ jf pTkfbssf] gfd pNn]v u/L æ;f] ;/xÆ eGg] zAbx¿ pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-$_ af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf dfn;fdfg

jf lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] k|fljlws jf u'0f:t/hGo ljz]iftfx¿sf] ljj/0f / k/LIf0f -6]l:6ª_, dfls{Ë, Kofs]lhË, n]alnË jf k'i6Ls/0fsf] k|df0fkq -sgkm/ld6L ;l6{lkms]6_ ;DaGwL cfwf/ jf ;Í]t jf

66

zAbfjnL pNn]v ubf{ To:tf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] sfd;Fu c;Da4 x'g] of]Uo af]nkqbftfnfO{ vl/b k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'g s'g} lsl;dn] afwf k'¥ofpg] jf cf}lrTo ljgf k|lt:kwf{nfO{ ;Lldt ug]{ u/L ljj/0f, cfwf/, ;Í]t jf zAbfjnL pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5}g .

$(v= ah]6 tyf lgdf{0f:ynsf] Joj:yf M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/bsf] nflu cfjZos ah]6 Joj:yf geO{ vl/b sf/AffxL ;'? ug'{'{ x'Fb}g .

-@_ pklgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf ah]6sf] Joj:yf geP klg vl/b sf/afxL ;'? ug{ ;lsg]5 M

-s_ ax'jif{L{o ;Demf}tfadf]lhd ul/g] vl/bsf] xsdf klxnf] jif{sf] nflu cfjZos ah]6 Joj:yf ePkl5 cGo jif{sf] nflu vl/b sf/afxL ug{, /

-v_ vl/b ;DaGwL] k|f/lDes tof/L ug'{ cTofjZos eO{ l;naGbL b/efpkq jf af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{, k"j{of]Uotfsf] b/vf:t cfXjfg ug]{, k/fdz{bftfsf] ;"rL tof/ ug{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug{], k/fdz{bftfaf6 k|:tfj dfu ug{] jf l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] kmf/fd, af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft pknAw u/fpg] h:tf sfo{ ug{ .

-#_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgdf{0f:ynsf] Joj:yf

geO{ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] vl/b sf/afxL ;'? ug'{ x'Fb}g .

67

$(u=nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{kg]{ M -!_ ljZjljBfnosf ;DalGwt ;a} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] s'g} klg vl/bsf] nflu tf]lsPadf]lhd nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug{' kg]{5 .

t/ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] xsdf afx]s Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] vl/b ug{ nfut cg'dfg ug{' kg]{ 5}g . -@_ ljZjljBfnosf ;DalGwt ;a} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon]

pklgod -!_ adf]lhd tof/ ePsf] nfut cg'dfg lgod $(` adf]lhd cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .

-#_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgod $(s adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f /

pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] nfut cg'dfg tf]lsPadf]lhd :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ lgod $(s adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f / pklgod -!_

adf]lhdsf] nfut cg'dfg tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ljz]if sf/0f k/L ;+zf]wg ug'{ k/]df afx]s Psk6s :jLs[t ePsf] l8hfOg jf nfut cg'dfgdf ;+zf]wg ug'{ kbf{ To:tf] ;+zf]wg ;'?sf] nfut cª\sdf klRr; k|ltzt eGbf a9L km/s k/]df jf q'l6k"0f{ l8hfOg u/]sf] jf c:jefljs nfut cg'dfg tof/ u/]sf] sf/0fn] vl/b sfo{ k|efljt ePdf To:tf] l8hfOg jf nfut cg'dfg tof/, hfFr jf :jLs[t ug]{ kbflwsf/L / ;f] sfo{df ;+nUg k/fdz{bftf k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd sf/jfxLsf] eflubf/ x'g]5 .

68

$(3= nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ s'/fM -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] s'g} vl/bsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf] s'/f ljrf/ ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ vl/b;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ sfd Pp6} vl/b ;Demf}tfaf6 x'g

;Sg] jf sfd lkR5] 5'§} vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{kg]{, -v_ vl/b ;Demf}tf gjLs/0f ug{'kg]{ jf gkg]{, -u_ vl/bsf] cGo s'g} ljsNk eP To:tf] ljsNk, -3_ vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfd ;DkGg ug{sf] nflu

nfUg ;Sg] clwstd /sd tyf ;do / -ª_ ;fj{hlgs lgsfon] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ ljrf/

ug'{kg]{ egL g]kfn ;/sf/, ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] lgwf{/0f u/]sf cGo s'/f .

-@_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] nfut cg'dfg tof/

ubf{ af]nkq jf sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt nufot df]ljnfO{h]zg / l8df]ljnfO{h]zg vr{, ladf, k/fdz{bftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{ ;'ljwf afktsf sfo{x¿, u'0f:t/, kl/If0f, Joj;fohGo :jf:Yo / ;'/Iff, Ph ljN6 gSzf, sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgtsf] sldzg vr{ cflbsf] 5'§} cfO6d agfO{ nfut cg'dfgdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

$(ª= lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ lgod $(3 sf] cwLgdf /xL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

69

-@_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ lgdf{0f ;DaGwL, k'/ftflTjs pTvgg ;DaGwL / ;'?ª vGg], l8k 6\o'jj]n, k]6«f]lnod cg';Gwfg cflb h:tf hldgd'lg ul/g] sfo{sf] gD;{ eP To:tf] gD;{adf]lhd / To:tf] gD;{ gePsf] cj:yfdf cfjZos gD;{ tof/ u/L To:tf] gD;{ lq=lj= sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 :jLs[t u/fO{ :jLs[t gD;{adf]lhd nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

t/ To:tf] gD;{ adf]lhd sfd ub}{ hfFbf vf; sfdsf] nflu vf; k|sf/sf] gD;{ cfjZos k/]df ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] To:tf] lgsfosf] k|fljlwsaf6 / To:tf] k|fljlws geP cGo lgsfosf ;DalGwt k|fljlwsaf6 cfjZos gD;{ tof/ ug{ nufO{ To:tf] gD;{ /lhi6«f/af6 :jLs[t u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ o; lgodadf]lhd nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] dfn;fdfg :ynut ¿kdf pknAw x'g] jf gx'g] cWoog u/L lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ nfUg] ;dofjlw ls6fg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] nfut cg'dfg tof/

ug]{ l;nl;nfdf l;d]G6, kmnfd] 808L, O{+6f, 9'Ëf,df6f], ss{6kftf lj6'ldg tyf OdN;g, OGwg, kf]lnlyg kfO{k, hL=cfO{= kfO{k, 8L=cfO{ kfO{k, :oflg6/Lsf ;fdfg, ljh'nLsf ;fdfg, lh= cfO{= jfo/ / o:t} cGo lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf] b/efp, d]lzg tyf pks/0fsf] ef8f jf sfdbf/sf] Hofnf lgwf{/0f ubf{ ;DalGwt lhNnfsf]

70

b//]6 lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] b//]6sf] cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

t/ b//]6 lgwf{/0f ;ldltsf] b//]6 pknAw gePsf]df lgdf{0f:yn glhs}sf] ;DalGwt ;/sf/L sfof{no jf ;/sf/L :jfldTj ePsf] ;+:yfg, k|flws/0f, lgud jf o:t} k|s[ltsf cGo ;+:yfn] tf]s]sf] b/efp jf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;ª\3n] lbPsf] b/efp, ef8f jf Hofnfsf cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] b/efp, ef8f jf Hofnf ;d]t pknAw x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] b//]6 lgwf{/0f ubf{ lgsfo k|d'vn] tf]lslbPsf] b/efp, ef8f jf Hofnfsf] cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg{]5 .

-^_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] o; lgodadf]lhd

tof/ ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg To:tf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug]{ k|fljlws ÷k/fdz{bftfaf6 l8hfOg ug{ nufO{ lgodfg';f/ sfof{Gjog ug'{kg]{5 .

-&_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg b]xfoadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf

tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

71

lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nfut cg'dfg lgsfNg] tl/sf

cfO6d PsfO{ cfO6dsf] hDdf b//]6

cfO6dsf] hDdf

kl/df0f

cfO6dsf] hDdf vr{

cfO6d -!_

cfO6d -@_

cfO6d -#_

OToflb

-r_ -5_ -h_

-6_ -7_ -8_

-r_ ×-6_ -5_ ×-7_ -h_ ×-8_

hf]8 = -j_ = -r ×6 ± 5 ×7 ± h ×8 ±

=====================================_ js{ rf6{ :6fkm vr{ – -j_ sf] @=% k|ltztn] = )=)@% ×-t_ ;fgfltgf cGo vr{ – -j_ sf] @=% k|ltztn] = )=)@% ×-t_ hDdf nut Oli6d]6 cÍ = !=)% ×-t_ gf]6M af]nkqsf] cÍnfO{ t'ngf ubf{ nut cg'dfg cÍ -j_ nfO{

dflgg' k5{ . cfO6dsf] hDdf -s'n_ b//]6 lgsfNg] tl/sf M >ldsx¿sf] vr{ ===========================================================-s_ lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf] vr{ ==================================================== -v_ oflGqs pks/0fsf] ef8f -t}No kbfy{;lxt_ ======================= -u_

72

jf:tljs b//]6 -s ± v ± u_ = -3_ af]nkqbftfsf] cf]e/x]8 -3 sf] !% k|=z=_ – )=!% ×-ª_ hDdf b//]6 -ª_ = !=!% ×-3_ gf]6 M pk/f]Qm cg';f/ nfut cg'dfg tof/ ul/;s]kl5 ah]6

Joj:yfkgsf] nflu cfjZostfg';f/ hDdf nfut cg'dfgdf d"No ;dfof]hg slG6Gh]G;L jfkt !) k|ltztn], lkmlhsn slG6Gh]G;L jfkt !) k|ltztn] / d"No clej[lå s/ /sd ;d]t yk u/L nfut cg'dfg sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .

$(r= dfn;fdfgsf] nfut cg'dfg M -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon]

dfn;fdfgsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ lgod $(3 / ;DalGwt dfn;fdfgsf] :k]l;lkms]zgsf] cwLgdf /xL tof/ ug{' kg]{5 . -@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd dfn;fdfgsf] nfut cg'dfg

tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fnfO{ cfwf/ lng' kg]{5 M

-s_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo /x]sf] lhNnfsf] cGo ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] rfn" jf cl3Nnf jif{x¿df ;f]xL k|s[ltsf] vl/b ubf{ nfu]sf] jf:tljs nfut,

-v_ :yfgLo ahf/df k|rlnt b/efp,

-u_ cGo ahf/sf] k|rlnt b/efp / dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ :yfg;Dd nfUg] cg'dflgt 9'jfgL vr{,

73

-3_ pBf]u jfl0fHo ;ª\3n] hf/L u/]sf] b//]6 .

$(5= k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg M -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ lgod $(3 sf] cwLgdf /xL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg

tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fnfO{ cfwf/ lng' kg]{5 M

-s_ ljZjljBfno jf g]kfn ;/sf/n] k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg ;DaGwL gD;{ tof/ u/]sf] eP To:tf] gD;{,

-v_ ;DalGwt k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] sfo{ If]qut zt{,

-u_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] rfn" jf cl3Nnf jif{x¿df ;f]xL k|s[ltsf] vl/b ubf{ nfu]sf] jf:tljs nfut .

t/ o; v08sf] cfwf/df nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ cl3Nnf jif{x¿sf] b/df d"No ;dfof]hg u/L nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] o; lgodadf]lhdsf]

nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf vr{x¿ v'nfpg' kg]{5 M

-s_ d'Vo hgzlQm Pjd\ cGo hgzlQmsf] kfl/>lds, -v_ e|d0f vr{, hgzlQmsf] a;f]af; vr{, sfof{no

vr{, cfjZos dfn;fdfg pks/0f / ;]jf vr{, k|ltj]bg / cGo sfuhftsf] cg'jfb, 5kfO vr{,

74

-u_ k/fdz{bftfn] tflnd, uf]i7L jf e|d0fsf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ eP To:tf] sfdsf] nflu nfUg] vr{ / cGo vr{ .

$(h= cGo ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] cGo ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg lgod $(3 sf] cwLgdf /xL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ ef8fdf lnOg] ;jf/L ;fwg, d]l;g/L cf}hf/, pks/0f

jf dfn;fdfgsf] ef8fsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug{ ljZjljBfno cGtu{tsf ;DalGwt lgsfo k|d'vn] To:tf ;fwg, cf}hf/, pks/0f jf dfn;fdfg ;DaGwL 1fg ePsf a9Ldf ltg hgf bIf k|fljlwsx¿sf] Ps ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] lgsfodf To:tf k|fljlws hgzlQm geP To:tf] lgsfosf] tfn's sfof{non] To:tf] ;ldlt u7g u/L lbg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] ef8fsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fnfO{ ljrf/ u/L df]6fdf]6L nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ ef8fdf lng kg]{ ;jf/L ;fwg, d]lzg/L cf}hf/,

pks/0f jf dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f, :k]l;lkms]zg, cj:yf / cfo',

-v_ k|rlnt ahf/ b/, -u_ ef8fdf lng] cjlw, -3_ OGwgsf] d"No / vkt /

75

-ª_ ;ldltn] pko'Qm 7x¥ofPsf] cGo s'/f .

-$_ 9'jfgLsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ lq=lj= s]Gb|Lo sfof{no jf o; cGtu{tsf lgsfon] b//]6 lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] b//]6sf] cfwf/df, To:tf] b//]6 gePsf] cj:yfdf k|rlnt ahf/ b//]6sf] cfwf/df df]6fdf]6L nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg{]5 .

-%_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] s'g} dfn;fdfg dd{t

;Def/sf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ubf{ To:tf] lgsfodf To; ;DaGwL ljz]if1 jf bIf sd{rf/L eP To:tf] sd{rf/Laf6 / To:tf] sd{rf/L geP To:tf] sfd ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfaf6 nfut cg'dfg tof/ u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-^_ 3/ ef8f / ;]jf s/f/ ;DaGwL nfut cg'dfg tof/

ubf{ k|rlnt ahf/ b/ / ljZjljBfno jf g]kfn ;/sf/, ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] ;f] ;DaGwL gD;{ hf/L u/]sf] eP ;f] gD;{ cg';f/ df]6fdf]6L nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{kg]{5 .

$(em= nfut cg'dfgsf] :jLs[lt M -!_ lgod $(ª, $(r, / $(h

adf]lhd tof/ ePsf] nfut cg'dfg b]xfosf] clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t x'g' kg]{5 M -s_ klRr; xhf/ ?k}ofFb]lv Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] nfut

cg'dfg ;DjlGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'v÷ sfo{;ldltaf6,

76

-v_ ltg s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfg 8Lg÷sfof{Gjog ;ldltaf6,

-u_ rf/ s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfg /lhi6«f/af6, -3_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfg pks'nkltaf6

/ -ª_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf hlt;'s} a9L /sdsf] nfut

cg'dfg sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 . -@_ lgod $(5 adf]lhd tof/ ePsf] nfut cg'dfg

b]xfosf] clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t x'g' kg]{5 M

-s_ ltg nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfg ;DjlGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vaf6,

-v_ kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfg 8Lgaf6, -u_ b; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfg

/lhi6«f/af6, -3_ b; nfv ?k}ofF eGbf hlt;'s} a9L /sdsf]

nfut cg'dfg pks'nkltaf6 .

-#_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v cfk"mn] o; lgodadf]lhd nfut cg'dfg :jLs[t ug{ gldNg] ePdf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 .

77

$(`= nfut cg'dfg cWofjlws ug'{kg]{ M -!_ lgod $(em adf]lhd :jLs[t ePsf] nfut cg'dfg cg';f/ vl/b gePdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] o; lgoddf tf]lsPsf lgodx¿sf] k|s[of ckgfO{ k|To]s cfly{s jif{ o:tf] nfut cg'dfg cWofjlws ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ o; lgodadf]lhd nfut cg'dfg cBfjlBs gu/L

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] l;naGbL b/efpkq / af]nkq cfXjfg ug{ jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj dfu ug{ kfpg]5}g .

$(6= vl/bsf] u'?of]hgf tof/ ug'{kg]{ M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] Ps jif{eGbf a9L cjlw;Dd ;~rfng x'g] of]hgf jf cfof]hgfsf] nflu vl/b ubf{ jf jflif{s b; s/f]8 ?k}ofF eGbf a9L /sdsf] vl/b ubf{ vl/bsf] u'? of]hgf tof/ ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] vl/bsf] u'?of]hgfdf cGo

s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fx¿ pNn]v ug'{ kg{]5 M -s_ vl/bsf] k|sf/, kl/df0f / df]6fdf]6L cg'dflgt

d"No, -v_ vl/b ljlw, -u_ clwstd k|lt:kwf{sf] nflu vl/bnfO{ 6'SØfOg]

jf Kofs]h agfOg] eP ;f] ;DaGwL Joj:yf,

-3_ ;du| vl/b sf/afxL k'/f ug{sf] nflu ul/g] ;Demf}tfx¿sf] df]6fdf]6L ;ª\Vof / To:tf] vl/b sf/afxL;Fu ;DalGwt d'Vo d'Vo sfd,

78

-ª_ vl/bsf] nflu k"j{ of]Uotfsf] sf/afxL ug'{kg]{ eP ;f] ;DaGwL s'/f,

-r_ vl/b sf/afxLsf] df]6fdf]6L ;do tflnsf, -5_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] vl/bsf]

u'? of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ egL ;do ;dodf lgwf{/0f u/]sf s'/f .

-#_ o; lgodadf]lhd tof/ ePsf] vl/bsf] u'?of]hgf

pks'nkltaf6 :jLs[t ePsf] x'g'kg]{5 . -$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd :jLs[t ePsf] vl/bsf]

u'?of]hgf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g tyf lgsfon] k|To]s cfly{s jif{df cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 .

$(7= jflif{s vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug'{ kg]{M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g

jf lgsfon] jflif{s b; nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] cg'dflgt jflif{s sfo{s|d tyf ah]6 tof/ ubf{ cfufdL cfly{s jif{df ug]{ jflif{s vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L vl/b of]hgf tof/ ubf{ lgod $(6 adf]lhd vl/bsf] u'?of]hgf ;d]t tof/ ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] u'?of]hgfsf] ;d]t cfwf/ lng' kg]{5 . -@_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf]

jflif{s vl/b of]hgfdf b]xfosf s'/fx¿ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5M M

79

-s_ vl/bsf] k|sf/ ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -v_ vl/bsf] ;Defljt Kofs]h, -u_ vl/b sf/afxLsf] ;do tflnsf, -3_ vl/b ljlw, -ª_ vl/bsf] nflu ul/g] ;Demf}tfsf] lsl;d / -r_ g]kfn ;/sf/ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg

sfof{non] jflif{s vl/b of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ egL ;do ;dodf lgwf{/0f u/]sf s'/f .

-#_ pklgod -@_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] ;do tflnsfdf

b]xfosf] sfd ug]{ ;dofjlw pNn]v x'g'kg]{5 M -s_ dfn;fdfg vl/b ug]{ eP :k]l;lkms]zg tof/

ug]{, -v_ vl/bsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug]{, -u_ l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd, k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj

jf af]nkq cfJxfg ug]{ jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug{],

-3_ l;naGbL b/efpkq, k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj,

af]nkq cfJxfg jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj dfu ug{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug]{,

80

-ª_ l;naGbL b/efpkq, k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{,

-r_ l;naGbL b/efpkq, k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj,

af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[lt ug{], -5_ ;Demf}tf ug]{, -h_ sfo{ cf/De ug{], / -em_ sfo{ k'/f ug{] .

-$_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'vn] o; lgodadf]lhd tof/ ePsf] jflif{s vl/b of]hgfsf] PsPs k|lt cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] cg'dflgt jflif{s sfo{s|d tyf ah]6 ;fy ;+nUg u/L lq=lj= s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, cfly{s k|zf;g dxfzfvfdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-%_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'vn] rfn" cfly{s

jif{sf] :jLs[t sfo{s|d tyf ah]6 k|fKt eP kl5 ;f] cg'¿k of] lgodadf]lhd tof/ ePsf] jflif{s vl/b of]hgf kl/dfh{g u/L :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] of]hgfsf] Ps Ps k|lt lq=lj= s]Gb|Lo sfof{no of]hgf dxfzfvf, cfly{s k|zf;g dxfzfvf / ;fdfGo k|zf;g dxfzfvfdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-^_ /lhi6«f/ jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[tn] vl/b sf/jfxL

lgwf{l/t ;dodf ;DkGg eP gePsf] cg'udg ug{' kg]{5 .

81

$(8= vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L M -!_ lgod $(6, $(7 adf]lhd vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug]{ tyf o; vl/b lgodadf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k'/f u/L vl/b ;DaGwL cGo ;a} sfo{ ug{] jf u/fpg] lhDDf]jf/L ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g tyf lgsfo k|d'vsf] x'g]5 .

-@_ ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / o; cGtu{tsf

lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{ ubf{ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] of]Uotf ePsf] / vl/b sfo{ ;DaGwL 1fg ePsf] jf tflnd k|fKt u/]sf] sd{rf/Laf6 u/fpg' kg{]5 .

-#_ ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / o; cGtu{tsf

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b]xfosf] sfd ug{sf] nflu vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{af]em / sfo{ k|s[ltsf] cfwf/df 5'6\6} vl/b dxfzfvf jf zfvf jf pkzfvfsf] :yfkgf ug{' kg]{ jf s'g} zfvfnfO{ ;f]sf] lhDd]jf/L tf]sL vl/b clwsf/L tf]Sg' kg{]5 M

-s_ vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug]{, -v_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] tof/

u/]sf] gd"gf af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft -:6\of088{ ljl8Ë 8s'd]06_, gd"gf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft -:6\of088{ lk|Sjflnlkms]zg 8s'd]06_, gd"gf vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL sfuhft -:6\of088{ sG6«ØfS6 8s'd]06_ df cfjZostfg';f/ x]/km]/ u/L k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL

82

sfuhft, af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft / vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug]{,

-u_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] tof/

u/]sf] gd"gf k|:tfj dfu ;DaGwL sfuhft -:6\of088{ /]Sj]:6 km/ k|kf]hn_ df cfjZostfg';f/ x]/km]/ u/L k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug]{,

-3_ vl/b ;DaGwL ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf k|sfzg

ug]{, -ª_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft, af]nkq;DaGwL

sfuhft ljt/0f ug{] jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft k7fpg],

-r_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf]

k|:tfj k|fKt ug]{ / To;nfO{ ;'/lIft tl/sfn] /fVg],

-5_ kg{ cfPsf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍgsf] nflu d"NofÍg ;ldltdf k]z ug]{ / d"NoflÍt af]nkq :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug]{,

-h_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf]

k|:tfj :jLs[ltsf] ;"rgf lbg]], -em_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt lng] / To;sf] k/LIf0f

u/L ;'/lIft tl/sfn] /fVg],

83

-`_ vl/b u/]sf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f ug{] u/fpg],

-6_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] dfu u/]sf]

hfgsf/L / sfuhft pknAw u/fpg], / -7_ tf]lsPsf] cGo sfo{ ug]{ .

-$_ pklgod -#_ df plNnlvt sfdsf] cltl/Qm vl/b dxfzfvf jf zfvf jf pkzfvf jf tf]lsPsf] PsfO{sf] sfd b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M

-s_ vl/b sf/afxL;Fu ;DalGwt sfddf ;dGjo ug,{] -v_ vl/b dfu ;ª\sng u/L :jLsl[tsf] nflu

clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug,{] -u_ k|tLtkqsf] clen]v /fVg] .

-%_ pklgod -#_ / -$_ adf]lhdsf] sfd ubf{ jf u/fpFbf vl/b zfvf jf ;f]sf] lhDd]jf/L tf]lsPsf] zfvfn] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-^_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] vl/b dxfzfvf jf zfvf jf pkzfvf k|d'vsf] sfd, st{Jo tyf clwsf/ tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

-&_ o; lgodadf]lhd ul/Psf] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjog u/fpg lgoldt ¿kdf ;'kl/j]If0f, cg'udg, tyf u'0f:t/ lgoGq0f u/L jf u/fO{ lgwf{l/t

84

;dodf sfo{ ;DkGg x'g] ;'lglZrttf ug'{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

$(9= vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 ug'{kg]{ M -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon]] vl/b ubf{ tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] cj:yf / vl/b d"Nosf] cfwf/df b]xfosf]] s'g} Ps ljlw ckgfO{ vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 .

-s_ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ug'{ kbf{ M

-!_ cGt/f{li6«o:t/df v'nf af]nkq cfXjfg u/L, -@_ /fli6«o:t/df v'nf af]nkq cfXjfg u/L, -#_ l;naGbL b/efpkq cfXjfg u/L, -$_ ;f]e}m vl/b u/L, -%_ cdfgtaf6, -^_ Psd'i6 b/ ljlwaf6, :ki6Ls/0f M o; pkv08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æPsd'i6 b/ ljlwaf6Æ eGgfn] k|To]s OsfO{sf] kl/df0f / nfut cg'dfgsf] s"n cÍ+eGbf s] slt 36L jf a9L k|ltztdf sfd ug]{ xf] ;f] saf]n u/L af]nkq k]z ug]{ ljlw ;Demg'k5{ .

-&_ pTkfbs jf clws[t ljqm]tfåf/f lgwf{l/t b/df -

Sof6nu ;lk+u_ vl/b ug]{ ljlwaf6,

:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkv08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ pTkfbs jf clws[t ljqm]tfåf/f lgwf{l/t b/df -

85

Sof6nu ;lkË_ vl/b ug]{ ljlwaf6Æ eGgfn] s'g} dfn;fdfg lgdf{0f ug]{ sDkgLn] pTkfbgsf] ljz]iftf, u'0f:t/ / ;'ljwfsf cfwf/df to u/]sf] ljqmL d"No ;DalGwt sDklgsf] j]j;fO6 jf sfuhft -a|f];/_ df ;fj{hlgs u/]kl5 ;dfg :t/sf] dfn;fdfg pTkfbg ug]{ sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] d"Nodf k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ ul/g] vl/b ljlw ;Demg'k5{ .

-*_ l;ldt af]nkqbftfn] efu lng] -lnld6]8 6]G8l/ª_

vl/b ljlwaf6,

:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkv08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æl;ldt af]nkqbftfn] efu lng] -lnld6]8 6]G8l/ª_ vl/b ljlwaf6Æ eGgfn] s'g} dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jf v/Lbdf l;ldt pTkfbs, cfk"lt{stf{ jf ;]jf k|bfos dfq ePdf To:tf] pTkfbs, cfk"lt{stf{ jf ;]jf k|bfoslar dfq k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ ul/g] vl/b ljlw ;Demg'k5{ .

-(_ gofF lng] k'/fgf] lbg]] -afO{ Aofs d]y8_ vl/b

ljlwaf6 .

:ki6Ls/0f M o; pkv08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ægofF lng] k'/fgf] lbg]] -afO{ Aofs d]y8_ vl/b ljlwaf6Æ eGgfn] lglZrt ;dokl5 cf}lrToxLg x'g] jf hg:jf:Yo jf jftfj/0fsf] b[li6n] lnnfd ug{ jf e08f/0f ul//fVg gldNg] jf k|of]u ug{ gx'g] cj:yfsf dfn;fdfg jf d]l;g/L cf}hf/ tf]lsPadf]lhd d"NofÍg u/L ;DalGwt pTkfbs jf cfk"lt{stf{nfO{ lkmtf{ lbO{ gofF lng] ljlw ;Demg'k5{ .

86

-v_ k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug'{ kbf{ M

-!_ k|lt:kwf{Tds k|:tfj dfu u/L, -@_ ;f]e}m jftf{af6 .

-@_ of] lgod / o; lgodcGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgodadf]lhd

vl/b ubf{ k|lt:kwf{ ;Lldt x'g] u/L 6'qmf 6'qmf kf/L vl/b ug'{ x'Fb}g .

-#_ lgod $(9 sf] v08 -s_ pkv08 -^_,-&_,-*_ / -(_

adf]lhdsf] vl/b ljlw ;DaGwL Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

$(0f= v'nf ¿kdf af]nkq cfJxfg u/L vl/b ug'{kg]{ M o; lgoddf

cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / o; cGtu{tsf lgsfon] s'g} vl/b ug'{ kbf{ ;Dej eP;Dd v'nf ¿kdf af]nkq cfXjfg u/L ug'{ kg]{5 / of]Uo af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] vl/b k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'g lagf e]befj ;dfg cj;/ k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .

$(t= g]kfndf pTkflbt dfn;fdfg vl/b ug'{ kg]{M ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] o; lgoddf plNnlvt s'g} ljlw 5gf}6 u/L vl/b ubf{ ljb]zL dfn;fdfgeGbf g]kfndf pTkflbt dfn;fdfg ΘkGw| k|ltzt;Dd dxFuf] eP tfklg g]kfnL dfn;fdfg g} vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 .

Θ @)&# ;fn kf}if @) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

87

$(y= df}h'bf ;"rL -:6flG8Ë lni6_ tof/ ug]{ Joj:yfM -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ljleGg vl/b ;DaGwL ;"rgfsf] clen]v /fVg] k|of]hgsf] nflu vl/bsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfossf] 5'§f 5'§} ;"rL -:6flG8Ë lni6_ tof/ ug{' kg]{]5 .

-@_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgod $(e sf]

pklgod -@_ df pNn]v ePsf of]Uotfsf cfwf/adf]lhd df}h'bf ;"rLdf ;dfj]z x'gsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ df}h'bf ;"rL tof/ ug{sf] nflu ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ k|To]s jif{ b]xfosf s'/f v'n]sf] ;"rgf cfˆgf] sfof{no ;"rgf kf6Ldf 6fF; u/L ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo jf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] j]j;fO6df / /fli6«o:t/sf] ;dfrf/kqdf k|sfzg u/L OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 lgj]bg dfu ug{ ;Sg]5M

-s_ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf ;]jf k|bfossf]

of]Uotf, -v_ df}h'bf ;"rLsf] juL{s/0f, -u_ df}h'bf ;"rL cBfjlws ug]{ sfo{ljlw, / -3_ df}h'bf ;"rL dfGo /xg] cjlw .

-$_ lqe'jg ljZjljBfno s]Gb|Lo sfof{non] o; cGtu{tsf lgsfox¿sf] nflu clen]v /fVg] k|of]hgsf] nflu

88

vl/bsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ cfk"lt{stf,{ lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfossf] 5'§f5'§} df}h'bf ;"rL ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf k]z ug{sf] nflu ;"rgf k|sflzt ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-%_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k'/f ug]{ JolQm, kmd{,

;+:yf jf sDkgLn] df}h'bf ;"rLdf ;dfj]; x'g lgwf{l/t ;dofjlwleq cfjZos sfuhft;lxt lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .

-^_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -%_ adf]lhd

k|fKt lgj]bg pk/ hfFra'em ubf{ lgj]bsn] pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k'/f u/]sf] b]lvPdf To:tf] lgj]bsnfO{ df}h'bf ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{' kg]{5 .

-&_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] df}h'bf ;"rLdf ;dfj]z

ePsf jf ;f] ;"rLaf6 x6fO{Psf cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ ;f]sf] lnlvt hfgsf/L oyflz3| lbg' kg]{5 .

-*_ df}h'bf ;"rLnfO{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k|To]s cfly{s jif{df cBfjlws ug'{ kg]{5 .

-(_ df}h'bf ;"rLdf g/x]sf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfoaf6 cfJxfg ePsf] l;naGbL b/efpkq, af]nkq jf k|:tfjdf efu lng al~rt ug{ kfOg] 5}g .

$(b= :yfoL n]vf gDa/ / d"No clej[l4 s/ btf{ k|df0fkq k|fKt

u/]sf ;“u vl/b ug'{kg]{M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon]

89

s'g} vl/b ubf{ cfGtl/s /fhZj sfof{noaf6 :yfoL n]vf gDa/ / d"No clej[l¢ s/ btf{ k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 dfq vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

b]xfosf] cj:yfdf d"No clej[l¢ s/ btf{ k|df0f kq k|fKt gu/]sf JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 ;d]t vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 M

-s_ kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF eGbf sd /sdsf] dfn;fdfg

vl/b ubf{ jf lgdf{0f sfo{ u/fpFbf, -v_ d"No clej[l¢ s/ gnfUg] dfn;fdfg, k/fdz{

;]jf jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ubf{, -u_ 3/ ef8fdf lng' kbf{ .

-#_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/n] b'u{d If]q egL tf]s]sf] lhNnfdf ;DalGwt cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{noaf6 s'g} klg kmd{ jf laqm]tfn] d"No clej[l4 s/ btf{ k|df0fkq lnPsf] /x]g5 eg] ;f] lhNnfsf] nflu lhNnf :t/Lo ;ldltn] tof/ kf/]sf] lhNnfdf pknAw cfk"lt{stf{sf] ;"rLdf /x]sf cfk"lt{stf{af6 b; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 .

$(w= vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] 5gf}6 M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] s'g} vl/b sf/afxLsf] ;DaGwdf vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 u/]kl5 dfn;fdfg jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ul/g] eP lgod

90

$(g, lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/b ul/g] eP lgod $(k, / k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ul/g] eP lgod $(km df plNnlvt vl/b ;Demf}tf dWo] s'g k|sf/sf] ;Demf}tf u/L vl/b ul/g] xf] ;f] vl/b ;Demf}tf 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf 5gf}6 ubf{

b]xfosf s'/f ljrf/ u/L 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ vl/bsf] k|sf/ / kl/df0f, -v_ ;dfg k|s[ltsf]] vl/b k'gM ul/g] ;Defjgf eP

gePsf], -u_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo / cfk"lt{stf{,

lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf / cGo kIflar ul/g] hf]lvdsf] afF8kmfF8 /

-3_ ;Demf}tf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ tl/sf .

$(g= dfn;fdfg jf cGo ;]jfsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] dfn;fdfg jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ubf{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tf dWo] s'g} Ps ;Demf}tf u/L vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-s_ vf; dfn;fdfg jf cGo ;]jf cfk"lt{ ;Demf}tfM s'g} vf; sfdsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ sRrf kbfy{, pks/0f, kmdf{:o'l6sN;, cf}iflw, cf}hf/ jf cGo o:t} ljz]if k|s[ltsf dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{sf] nflu vf; dfn;fdfg jf cGo ;]jf cfk"lt{ ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 .

91

-v_ ;+/rgfTds jf PsfO{ b/ ;Demf}tfM vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt dfn;fdfg jf cGo ;]jf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] dfu u/]sf] ;dodf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt b/ / zt{ adf]lhd Ps jf Ps eGbf a9L cfk"lt{stf{af6 k|fKt ug]{ Joj:yf ug{sf] nflu ;+/rgfTds jf PsfO{ b/ ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . of] ;Demf}tfdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b ug]{ dfn;fdfg jf cGo ;]jfsf] Go"gtd / clwstd kl/df0f v'nfpg' kg]{5 . of]] ;Demf}tf ;fdfGotof Ps jif{eGbf a9L cjlwsf] x'g] 5}g .

-u_ ax'jifL{o ;Demf}tfM b]xfosf] cj:yfdf ax'jifL{o ;Demf}tf

ug{ ;lsg]5 M

-!_ jflif{s vl/b ;Demf}tf u/L vl/b ug'{ eGbf ax'jifL{o ;Demf}tf u/L vl/b ubf{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ ;f/e"t ¿kdf nfe x'g] ePdf,

-@_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cjlwdf vl/bsf] kl/df0f ;f/e"t ¿kdf yk36 gx'g] ePdf,

-#_ vl/b ;Demf}tf cjlwe/ vl/b ul/g]

dfn;fdfgsf] l8hfOg kl/jt{g gx'g] ePdf, /

-$_ dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{;Fu ;DalGwt k|fljlws hf]lvd a9L gePdf .

-3_ l8hfOg, cfk"lt{ / h8fg ;Demf}tfM 7"nf kfj/ KnfG6 jf

kDkLª :6]zg h:tf pRr jf hl6n k|ljlw o'Qm

92

dfn;fdfgsf] l8hfOg ug]{, lgdf{0f:yndf cfk"lt{ u/L h8fg ug]{, k/LIf0f ;~rfng ug]{ / To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] ;~rfng ug{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf sd{rf/LnfO{ cfjZostfg';f/ tflnd lbg] Joj:yf ug{ l8hfOg, cfk"lt{ / h8fg ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . o:tf] ;Demf}tf l8hfOg, cfk"lt{ / h8fg sfo{ dWo] s'g} b'O{ sfo{ ug{sf] nflu ;d]t ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-ª_ 6g{ sL ;Demf}tfM dnvfb pTkfbg ug]{, b'Uw k|zf]wg

ug]{ h:tf pRr k|ljlwo'Qm cf}Bf]lus NkfG6sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg Ifdtf pNn]v u/L To:tf] KnfG6sf] l8hfOg, cfk"lt{, lgdf{0f / h8fg sfo{ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd ;DkGg u/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug]{ Joj:yf ug{sf] nflu 6g{sL ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 .

gf]6M v08 -s_, -v_, -3_ / -ª_ adf]lhdsf ;Demf}tf

ax'jifL{o ;Demf}tf ;d]t x'g ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tf ubf{ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg / cjlwdf cfwfl/t eO{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwdf o; lgoddf Joj:yf ePsf]

s'/fdf o; lgodadf]lhd / o; lgoddf Joj:yf gePsf] s'/fdf j:t' ljqmL s/f/ ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd x'g]5 .

93

-$_ o; lgodadf]lhd dfn;fdfgsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf jf dfn;fdfg x:tfGt/0f -8]lne/L_ ;DaGwL zt{x¿ cGt//fli6«o Jofkf/df k|o'Qm x'g] zAbfjnL -O{G6/g]zgn sdl;{on 6D;{ O{Gsf]6d{__ adf]lhd tof/ ug'{kg]{5 .

-%_ o; lgodadf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tfcGtu{t e'QmfgL ubf{

;fdfGotof cfk"lt{stf{n] dfn;fdfg pknAw u/fPsf] sfuhft k]z ePkl5, k|tLtkqsf] dfWod jf af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt dfWodadf]lhd ug{'kg{]5 .

$(k= lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nflu vl/b ;Demf}tfM ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ u/fpgsf] nflu b]xfoadf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tfdWo] s'g} Ps ;Demf}tf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-s_ PsfO{ b/ ;Demf}tfM lgdf{0f sfo{sf] kl/df0f ;Demf}tf

x'Fbfsf avt olsg gePsf] jf lgdf{0f sfo{ k|lt PsfO{ sfo{ lan ckm SjfG6L6Ldf plNnlvt b/df u/fpg] Joj:yf ug{ PsfO{ b/ ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . o:tf] PsfO{ b/df af]nkqbftfn] k|:tfljt lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ ;fdu|L, >d / cGo s'/f ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] o; ;Demf}tfadf]lhd ePsf] sfd jfkt e'QmfgL ubf{ lgdf{0f:ynsf] gfk hfFraf6 olsg ePsf]] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] kl/df0fnfO{ k|lt PsfO{ b/n] u0fgf u/L x'g cfpg] /sd e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 .

94

-v_ Psd'i6 /sd ;Demf}tfM e"ldut kfgLsf] kfOknfOg h8fg h:tf gfk hfFr ug{ sl7g x'g] lgdf{0f sfo{{ jf k'nsf] ;+/rgf h:tf gfk hfFr ug{ ;lsg] lgdf{0f sfo{ u/fpg Psd'i6 /sd ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . of] ;Demf}tf ubf{ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DaGwL ;a} k|sf/sf hf]lvd / bfloTj lgdf{0f Joj;foLdf /xg] u/L ug'{ kg]{5 .

t/ ;Demf}tf eO{ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;'? ePkl5 ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgdf{0fdf s'g} lsl;dsf] kl/jt{g ug{ cfb]z lbPsf] sf/0fn] lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] cfly{s bfloTj j[l4 ePdf To:tf] bfloTj ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] A]xf]g'{ kg]{5 .

-u_ nfut ;f]wegf{ ;Demf}tfM lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] PsfO{ b/

;Demf}tfadf]lhd sfd ug{ d~h'/ gug]{ jf ug{ g;Sg] 7'nf] hf]lvdo'Qm / sfd ug]{ kl/l:ylt k"jf{g'dfg ug{ g;lsg] k|s[ltsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ u/fpgsf nflu nfut ;f]wegf{ ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . of] ;Demf}tf u/L ul/g] lgdf{0f sfo{ jfkt lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ e'QmfgL lbFbf lghn] To:tf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ubf{ u/]sf] jf:tljs vr{, ;f] sfo{sf]] lz/f]ef/ vr{ / :jLs[t nfut cg'dfgdf pNn]v ePsf] d'gfkmf ykL x'g cfPsf] /sd e'QmfgL lbg ;lsg]5 . of] ;Demf}tf u/L lgdf{0f sfo{ u/fpFbf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'vn] nfut ;f]wegf{sf] clwstd /sdsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f] ;LdfeGbf a9L nfut ;f]wegf{ lbg' kg]{ ePdf /lhi6«f/sf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng'kg]{5 .

95

-3_ ;do / ;fdu|L b/ ;Demf}tfM vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{] ;dodf s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{sf] dd{t ;Def/ ug{ nfUg] >d / ;fdu|Lsf] k"jf{g'dfg ug{ g;lsg] eO{ >dnfO{ ;dosf] cfwf/df / ;fdu|LnfO{ PsfO{ b/sf] cfwf/df u0fgf u/L sfd u/fpgsf] nflu ;do / ;fdu|L b/ ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . of] ;Demf}tf ubf{ lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd e'QmfgL x'g] s'/f :ki6 ¿kdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{5 M

-!_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] >dnfO{ k|lt306f jf k|lt

lbg jf k|lt dlxgfsf] cfwf/df ljefhg u/L x'g cfPsf] /sddf lz/f]ef/ vr{ / :jLs[t nfut cg'dfgdf pNn]v ePsf] d'gfkmf hf]8\bf x'g cfpg] /sd /

-@_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt /sdsf] ;Ldf leq /xL dd{t ;Def/ ug{ nfu]sf] ;fdu|Lsf] d"Nosf] e'QmfgL /sd .

-ª_ l8hfOg / lgdf{0f ;Demf}tfM s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{sf]

l8hfOg / lgdf{0f Pp6} lgdf{0f Joj;foLaf6 u/fpgsf] nflu l8hfOg / lgdf{0f ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] o; ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfd ;'? ubf{ k|fljlws jf k|fljlwsx¿sf] ;d"xnfO{ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] l8hfOg hfFr g nufO{ :jLs[t u/]kl5 dfq ;'? ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L l8hfOg hfFr ug]{ k|fljlws jf k|fljlwsx¿sf] ;d"xn] To:tf] l8hfOg, 8«O{ª tyf nfut cg'dfg hfFr / :jLs[t ubf{ o; lgodadf]lhd hfFr tyf :jLs[t ug]{ sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ hfFr tyf :jLs[t ug'{kg]{5 .

96

-r_ Joj:yfkg ;Demf}tfM lgdf{0f sfo{sf] u'0f:t/ / ;DkGg ug]{ cjlw ;DaGwL sfg'gL Pj+ ;Demf}tfhGo bfloTj ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo;Fu vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] g} jxg ug]{ u/L To:tf] sfo{ lghsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f jf Joj:yfkgdf ljleGg ;j–sG6«ofS6/åf/f u/fpgsf nflu Joj:yfkg ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . of] ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfdsf] e'QmfgL ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo;Fu ;Demf}tf ug]{ lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ dfq lbOg]5 .

-5_ sfo{;Dkfbgdf cfwfl/t dd{t ;Def/ jf Joj:yfkg

;Demf}tfM s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{sf] dd{t ;Def/ jf Joj:yfkg ug{{ cfjZos kg]{ pks/0f / ljleGg PsfO{ hGo -cfO6djfOh_ sfo{ pNn]v gu/L clGtd sfo{ ;Dkfbg dfq pNn]v u/L To:tf] lgdf{0f sfo{ u/fpgsf] nflu sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf cfwfl/t ;Def/ jf Joj:yfkg ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-h_ lk;js{ ;Demf}tfM k6s] ¿kdf u/fO{ /xg' kg]{ ;fgfltgf

;Def/ / dd{t ;DaGwL lgdf{0f sfo{ cfjZos k/]sf avt u/fpgsf] nflu To:tf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] d"No ;"rL sfod u/L lk; js{ ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . o; ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw ;fdfGotof Ps jif{ eGbf a9Lsf] x'g]5}g .

$(km= k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfM ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{sf] nflu b]xfoadf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tf dWo] s'g} Ps ;Demf}tf u/L vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .

97

-s_ Psd'i6 /sd ;Demf}tfM ;DefJotf cWoog, cfof]hgfsf] l8hfOg, af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftsf] tof/L h:tf :ki6 ¿kdf klxrfg ePsf], k/fdz{bftfdf Go"g hf]lvd /xg] / u'0f:t/ dfkg ;lhn};Fu ug{ ;lsg] sfdsf] nflu k/fdz{ ;]jf lng Psd'i6 ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . of] ;Demf}tfdf k/fdz{bftfn] lgwf{l/t ;dofjlw leq sfo{If]qut zt{df plNnlvt k|fljlws ljz]iftf ePsf] sfd u/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo ;dIf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{kg]{ / ;f] jfkt lghn] ;]jf z'Ns kfpg] s'/f pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 .

-v_ ;doj¢ ;Demf}tfM lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{]{, 7"nf Joj;flos ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ jf jfFw, ;'?ª h:tf h6Ln ;+/rgfsf] l8hfOg ug]{ h:tf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] cjlw cg'dfg ug{ g;lsg] ePdf To:tf] sfdsf] nflu ;doj¢ ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . of] ;Demf}tfdf k/fdz{bftfsf] ;]jf z'Ns b]xfoadf]lhd to x'g] s'/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ k/fdz{bftfnfO{ vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfd

ug{{ jf:tljs ¿kdf nfu]sf] ;don] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt kfl/>ldssf] b/nfO{ u'0fg u/L cfpg] /sd,

-v_ lan e/kfOcg';f/sf] jf:tljs k'm6s/ vr{sf]

;f]wegf{ /sd .

-u_ sfo{ ;DkGgtfsf] cfwf/df z'Ns lbOg] ;Demf}tfM vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf] sfo{ ug{ k/fdz{bftfnfO{ cfjZos k/]sf] ;dodf af]nfpg] u/L jf lghn] ;DkGg

98

u/]sf] sfo{sf] cfwf/df ;]jf z'Ns lbg] u/L k/fdz{ ;]jf lng' kbf{ sfo{ ;DkGgtfsf] cfwf/df z'Ns lbOg] ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . of] k/fdz{bftfsf] ;]jf z'Ns To:tf] ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

-3_ k|ltztdf cfwfl/t ;Demf}tfM dfn;fdfg lg/LIf0f ug]{

;]jf, cfls{6]S6sf] ;]jf, ;'kl/j]If0f jf cg'udg ;]jf jf cGo o:t} k|s[ltsf ;]jf vl/b ug{ k|ltztdf cfwfl/t ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . of] ;Demf}tfdf k/fdz{bftfnfO{ ;]jf z'Ns lbFbf ;DalGwt lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cfof]hgfsf] cg'dflgt jf jf:tljs nfut jf vl/b ul/Psf] jf lg/LIf0f ul/Psf] dfn;fdfgsf] nfutsf] k|ltztcg';f/ lbOg] s'/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

-ª_ ;]jf ;do lglZrt gePsf] ;Demf}tfM lgdf{0f sfo{ ;~rfngdf Nofpgsf nflu ;do ;dodf cfjZos kg]{ ;Nnfxsf/, vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL ljjfb lg¿k0fstf{ jf dWo:ystf{, ;+:yfut ;'wf/ jf vl/b ;DaGwL k/fdz{bftf, k|fljlws ;d:of ;dfwfgstf{ h:tf vf; sfdsf] ;DaGwdf cfjZos k/]sf] ;dodf k/fdz{ ;]jf lngsf] nflu ;]jf ;do lglZrt gePsf] ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg]5 . of] ;Demf}tfdf b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v ug'{kg]{5M

-s_ k/fdz{bftfn] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt sfd

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ cfjZos k/]sf] ;dodf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt b/df ug{'kg]{,

99

-v_ k/fdz{bftfnfO{ sfd ug{ jf:tljs ¿kdf nfu]sf] ;dosf] cfwf/df kfl/>lds e'QmfgL ul/g] .

$(a= zt{ /fVg ;lsg]] M s'g} vl/b ;Demf}tfsf ;DaGwdf o; kl/R5]bdf plNnlvt zt{sf cltl/Qm cGo s'g} zt{ /fVg' k/]df ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf To:tf] zt{ pNn]v ug{ ;Sg]5 .

$(e= af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] of]UotfM -!_ af]nkqbftf jf

k|:tfjbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf k|fKt ug{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k'/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 M

-s_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt

of]Uotfsf cfwf/ jf vl/bsf] nflu k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] sf/afxL rnfOPsf]df k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt of]Uotfsf cfwf/ /

-v_ k|:tfjbftfn] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt

of]Uotfsf cfwf/ . -@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf

k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf of]Uotfsf cfwf/ pNn]v ubf{ k]zfut / k|fljlws of]Uotf, pks/0fsf] pknAwtf, ljutsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg, laqmLkl5sf] ;]jfsf] Joj:yf, hu]8f kf6{k"hf{sf] pknAwtf, sfg'gL ;Ifdtf, ljQLo ;|f]t / cj:yf, k]zfut s;"/ u/] afktsf] ;hfo / o:t} cGo cfwf/x¿ pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 .

100

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd cfwf/ pNn]v ubf{ s'g} vf; ju{sf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfosn] dfq efu lng kfpg] jf s'g} vf; ju{sf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfosn] efu lng gkfpg] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

-$_ af]nkq, k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj / k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj

d'NofÍg ubf{ qmdzM af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft / k|:tfj dfu ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt cfwf/ adf]lhd dfq d"NofÍg ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf cfwf/x¿ s'g} e]befj lagf ;a} af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ ;dfg ¿kn] nfu" x'g]5g\ .

-%_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

of]Uotf cfjZos kg]{ egL s]Gb|Lo sfof{noaf6 lglZrt ul/Psf lgdf{0f sfo{df afx]s b'O{ s/f]8 ¿k}of;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfgeGbf sd nfut cg'dfg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/bdf s'g} of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ul/g]5}g .

-^_ af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] k]z u/]sf] of]Uotf ;DaGwL

ljj/0f tYout ¿kdf e'm§f jf ;f/e"t¿kdf ck'/f] ePsf] kfOPdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] s'g} klg ;dodf To:tf] af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ cof]Uo 7x/fpg ;Sg]5 .

101

t/ ;fgfltgf q'l6 ePsf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfaf6 ;f] ;DaGwL hfgsf/L dfu u/L ;Rofpg ;lsg]5 .

$(d= dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ M -!_ dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ;DaGwL vl/b sf/afxLdf efu lng] af]nkqbftfsf] jf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b]xfosf s'/fx¿dWo] cfjZostfg';f/ s'g} jf ;a} s'/fnfO{ ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M

-s_ k|fljlws Ifdtf, -v_ dfn;fdfg pTkfbg ;DaGwL lnvt -Dofg'k\mofSrl/ª

/]s8{_, -u_ dfn;fdfgsf] k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg -3_ cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf, -ª_ dfn;fdfg h8fg ug{' kg]{ ePdf h8fg sfo{df ;+nUg

x'g] k|fljlwssf] bIftf, -r_ cfk"lt{ x'g] dfn;fdfg vf; cjlw;Dd ;'rf?¿kn]

;~rfng x'G5 eGg] s'/fsf] k|Tofe"lt, -5_ dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/sf] Joj:yf, -h_ ;]jf / hu]8f kf6k"hf{sf] pknAwtf,

102

-em_ h8fg -O{G;\6n]zg_ ;d]t ug'{kg]{ u/L dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ cfk"lt{stf{sf] xsdf lghsf] zLk, lgk"0f{tf, cg'ej / ljZj;lgotf .

-@_ o; lgodadf]lhd af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf]

of]Uotf / k|fljlws Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft dfu ubf{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] dfn;fdfgsf] k|s[lt, kl/df0f, dxTj jf k|of]u cg';f/ b]xfosf dWo] s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M

-s_ af]nkqbftfn] ljut ltg jif{sf] cjlwdf ;/sf/L

lgsfo jf lghL ;+:yfnfO{ cfk"lt{ u/]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] k|sl[t, kl/df0f, ;Demf}tf /sd, ldlt / To:tf] ;/sf/L lgsfo jf lghL ;+:yfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf,

-v_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg hl6n jf c;fwf/0f

k|s[ltsf] ePdf ;DalGwt ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo cfk}mn] jf To:tf] lgsfosf] tkm{af6 af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftf ;+:yflkt ePsf] b]zsf] cflwsfl/s lgsfon] lghsf] pTkfbg Ifdtf hfFr u/]sf] sfuhft,

-u_ cflwsfl/s u'0f:t/ lgoGq0f ;+:yf jf dfGotf

k|fKt lgsfon] vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfgsf] lg/LIf0f u/L To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] :k]l;lkms]zg / u'0f:t/ ;DaGwdf lbPsf] k|df0fkq,

103

-3_ cfk"lt{ ul/g] dfn;fdfgsf] cflwsfl/stf k|dfl0ft ug{ cfjZos kg]{ gd"gf, k"/s ljj/0f jf kmf]6f]x¿,

-ª_ ;j–sG6«ofS6/af6 u/fpg rfx]sf] cfk"lt{

;DaGwL sfdsf] cg'kft .

-#_ cfk"lt{ ul/g] dfn;fdfg af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftf cfkm}n] gagfpg] jf pTkfbg gug]{ ePdf To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] pTkfbsn] af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] nflu k|:tfj k]z ug]{, dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ / h8fg ug]{ ;DaGwL clwsf/ cfkm"nfO{ Psnf}6L ¿kdf /Ltk"j{s k|bfg u/]sf] s'/f k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft af]nkqbftf jf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfn] k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ g]kfnleq Jofkf/ Joj;fo ;~rfng gePsf]

af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfn] lghn] vl/b ;Demf}tf k|fKt u/]df To:tf] ;Demf}tfadf]lhd cfk"lt{ ul/Psf] dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/ ug]{, lalqm kZrft\sf] ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ tyf cfjZos hu]8f kf6{k"hf{ df}Hbft /fvL cfk"lt{ ug]{ ;DaGwL bfloTj lgjf{x ug{ ;Sg] lghsf]] Ph]G6 jf clws[t ljqm]tf g]kfndf /xg] s'/f k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft k]z ug'{[{kg]{5 .

$(o= lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ M -!_ ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b'O{ s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf dflysf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DaGwL vl/b sf/afxLdf efu lng] af]nkqbftfsf] jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{

104

b]xfosf s'/fdWo] cfjZostfg';f/ s'g} jf ;a} s'/fnfO{ ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M

-s_ d''\\Vo ;Demf}tfstf{ -k|fO{d sG6«ofS6/_ eO{ Psnf}6L

¿kdf sfd u/]sf] jf Joj:yfkg ;Demf}tf u/L sfd u/]sf] jf ;+o'Qm pkqmdsf] ;fem]bf/ jf ;j–sG6«ofS6/sf] ¿kdf sfd u/]sf] ;fdfGo cg'ej,

-v_ Psnf}6L ¿kdf sfd ;DkGg u/]sf] jf ;+o'Qm

pkqmdsf] ;fem]bf/sf] x}l;otn] sfd u/]sf] ;d]t u/L af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ;Ldf jf ;f]eGbf a9L /sdsf]] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] Go"gtd ;/b/ jflif{s sf/f]jf/,

t/ /fli6«o:t/df v'nf af]nkq cfXjfg ul/Psf]

cj:yfdf b; jif{sf] sf/f]af/dWo]sf] s'g} ltg jif{sf] clwstd ;/b/ jflif{s sf/f]af/nfO{ cfwf/ lnOg]5 .

-u_ Psnf}6L ¿kdf jf Joj:yfkg ;Demf}tf u/L jf ;+o'Qm

pkqmdsf] ;fem]bf/ jf ;a–sG6«ofS6/sf] ¿kdf af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] Go"gtd /sd a/fa/sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ dfl;s jf jflif{s ¿kdf u/]sf] / k|:tfljt vl/b ;Demf}tf;Fu d]n vfg] k|s[lt, hl6ntf / lgdf{0f k|ljlwsf vl/b ;Demf}tf To:tf] sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ;ª\Vofdf ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg u/]sf] ljz]if cg'ej,

105

-3_ vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;'? ug{sf] nflu cfjZos /sd e'QmfgL gkfpg] jf kfpg l9nfO{ x'g] cj:yfdf k|:tfljt lgdf{0f sfo{ / ;DalGwt af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfn] ;~rfng u/L /x]sf] jf ;~rfng ug{ k|ltj4tf hfx]/ u/]sf] cGo lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ gub k|jfxsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg] t/n ;DkQL, shf{ ;'ljwf / cGo ljQLo ;|f]t -s'g} vl/b ;Demf}tf cGtu{tsf] k]ZsL /sd afx]s_ pknAw ePsf] jf To:tf] ;DklQsf] ;|f]tdf kxF'r ePsf] cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf,

-ª_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL

sfuhftdf pNn]v ePadf]lhdsf bIf hgzlQm,

-r_ af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] cfk\mg} :jfldTjdf /x]sf] jf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt cjlwe/ lgjf{w ¿kdf pkof]u ug{ ;Sg] u/L ef8f, lnh, ;Demf}tf jf cGo Joj;flos dfWodaf6 pknAw x'g] rfn" xfntsf af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePadf]lhdsf d'Vo pks/0f .

-@_ /fli6«o lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] xsdf pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_ / -u_ sf] /sd u0fgf ubf{ d"No clej[l4 s/ jfktsf] /sd s6fO{ x'g cfpg] /sd dfq u0fgf ul/g]5 / To:tf] /sdnfO{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] cBfjlws d"No ;"rsfÍcg';f/ ;dfof]hg ul/g]5 .

-#_ o; lgodadf]lhd lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] k||fljlws Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft dfu ubf{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkqbftf jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfjbftfaf6

106

lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfosf s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M

-s_ ljut b; jif{sf]] cjlwdf lghn] ;DkGg u/]sf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] d"No, ldlt / sfo{:ynsf] ljj/0f,

-v_ lghn] ;j–sG6«ofS6/dfk{mt u/fpg rfx]sf] k|:tfljt sfdsf] cg'kft,

-u_ k|:tfljt sfd ;DkGg ug{sf nflu lgh;Fu ePsf k|fljlws pks/0f / KnfG6sf] ljj/0f .

$(/= k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/M -!_

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k/fdz{ ;]jf ;DaGwL vl/b sf/afxLdf efu lng] k|:tfjbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ b]xfosf s'g} jf ;a} s'/f ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M

-s_ k|:tfjbftf JolQm eP lghsf] / kmd{ jf ;+:yf eP

cfjZos ;+:yfut sfo{ cg'ej, -v_ k|:tfjbftfsf] d'Vo d'Vo sd{rf/Lsf] cfjZos z}lIfs

of]Uotf / p:t} k|s[ltsf] sfo{sf] cfjZos cg'ej,

-u_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ tl/sf, sfo{ljlw, sfo{If]tut zt{ k|ltsf] k|efju|flxtf, k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f / ;do tflnsf,

-3_ k|:tfjbftfsf] Joj:yfkg Ifdtf, -ª_ k|:tfjbftfsf] cfly{s Ifdtf,

107

-r_ cGt/f{li6«o:t/af6 k|:tfj dfu ul/Psf] ePdf :jb]zL hgzlQmsf] ;xeflutf /

-5_ af]nkq sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] cGo s'/f . -@_ o; lgodadf]lhd k|:tfjbftfsf] k|fljlws Ifdtf

k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft dfu ubf{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k|:tfljt k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfosf] s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M

-s_ ljut ltg jif{sf] cjlwdf k|:tfljt k/fdz{

;]jf;Fu ldNg] k|s[ltsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf k|bfg u/]sf] ;fj{hlgs jf lghL ;+:yf, /sd / ldlt v'Ng] ljj/0f,

-v_ k|:tfljt sfd ;DkGg ug{sf] nflu k|:tfj

ul/Psf d'Vo sd{rf/Lsf] of]Uotf ;DaGwL ljj/0f,

-u_ lghsf] ljut ltg jif{sf Joj:yfksLo sd{rf/L

/ ;/b/ jflif{s hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f, / -3_ ;j–sG6«ofS6/ dfk{mt k|bfg ug{ rfx]sf]]

k|:tfljt k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] c+z . $(n= ;+o'Qm pkqmdsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ M -!_ s'g} vl/b

sf/afxLdf efu lng] k|of]hgsf] nflu af]nkqbftfx¿n]] Ps ;+o'Qm pkqmd agfO{ af]nkq k]z ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .

108

t/ Ps af]nkqbftfn] ;+o'Qm pkqmdsf] ;fem]bf/ jf JolQmutdWo] s'g} Pp6f dfq af]nkq k]z ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf]

;+o'Qm pkqmddf /xg] ;fem]bf/sf] Go"gtd lx:;f / d'Vo ;fe]mbf/ / cGo ;fe]mbf/sf] Go"gtd of]Uotf af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd

of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ubf{ To:tf] pkqmddf /xg] ;fem]bf/sf] ;DaGwdf b]xfosf s'/f ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ lghsf] ;/b/ jflif{s sf/f]jf/,

-v_ lghsf] ljz]if cg'ej / lghn] ;Dkfbg u/]sf] k|d'v sfo{,

-u_ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ lgh;Fu ePsf] gub

k|jfx,

-3_ lghsf] hgzlQm ;DaGwL Ifdtf, / -ª_ lghsf] cf}hf/ jf pks/0f ;DaGwL Ifdtf .

-$_ s'g} ;+o'Qm pkqmdn] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt Go"gtd of]Uotfsf cfwf/x¿ k'/f u/] gu/]sf] Plsg ug{sf] nflu To:tf] pkqmdsf] ;a} ;fem]bf/sf] of]Uotf u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 .

109

-%_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;+o'Qm pkqmdsf] ;fem]bf/sf] JolQmut of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ b]xfosf s'/f ljrf/ u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 M -s_ ;DalGwt sfddf lghsf] ;fdfGo cg'ej, -v_ cGo ;Demf}tfadf]lhd lghn] u/L /x]sf] jf ug]{

sfd ;DkGg ug{ cfjZos kg]{ ;|f]tsf] kof{Kttf, -u_ ljQLo ;Ifdtf / -3_ ljutsf vl/b ;DaGwL d'2f dfldnf / ;f]sf]

glthf .

-^_ s'g} ;+o'Qm pkqmd vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] ;+o'Qm pkqmdnfO{ To:tf] pkqmdsf] ;+o'Qm bfloTj / ;+o'Qm pkqmdsf ;fem]bf/sf] JolQmut bfloTj ;d]t /xg] u/L cfGtl/s /fh:j sfof{nodf :yfoL n]vf gDa/ / d"No clej[l4 s/ btf{ ug{ nufpg' kg]{5 .

-&_ s'g} ;+o'Qm pkqmdn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ af]nkq hdfgt

;d]t k]z ug{' kg]{ ePdf To:tf] af]nkq hdfgt pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;+o'Qm pkqmdsf ;a} ;fem]bf/sf] gfddf / ;a} ;fem]bf/sf] bfloTj x'g] u/L] hf/L ul/Psf] x'g' kg]{5 .

-*_ ;+o'Qm pkqmd ;DaGwL cGo zt{ af]nkq;DaGwL

sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

110

$(j= cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf v'Ng] sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]M -!_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkqbftfsf] cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft dfu ubf{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfosfdWo] s'g} jf ;a} sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ lghsf] a}+s :6]6d]06, -v_ lghsf] Joj;fo ;DaGwL sf/f]jf/sf] cfly{s ljj/0f, -u_ lghsf] ;DklQ, bfloTj tyf gfkmf gf]S;fgsf] ljj/0f

v'Ng] jf;nft, -3_ lghsf] cfly{s / ljQLo x}l;ot v'Ng] cGo s'/f / -ª_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt cGo ljj/0f . -@_ pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] jf;nft dfu

ubf{ sfdsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ ljut b'O{b]lv kfFr cfly{s jif{sf] jf;nft dfu ug{ ;lsg]5 .

$(z= ;a sG6«ofS6/af6 sfd u/fpg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ ;j–

sG6«ofS6/af6 ;d]t lgdf{0f sfo{ u/fpg ;Sg] u/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq cfJxfg ug]{ ePdf af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ lghn] ;a–sG6«ofS6/af6 sfd u/fpg ;Sg]] s'/f, Θ-v_ clwstd kRrL; k|ltzt;Dd ;j–sG6«fS6/af6 sfo{

u/fpg ;lsg] s'/f / ;f]sf] sfo{ k|s[ltsf] ljj/0f


111

-u_ cfjZostfg';f/ ;j–sG6«ofS6/sf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/ . -@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ pNn]v

ul/Psf]df af]nkqbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{' cl3 ;a–sG6«ofS6/sf] of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ k'i6\ofO ug]{ sfuhft k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

112

kl/R5]b– !@ af]nkq;DaGwL Joj:yf

%)= af]nkqsf k|lqmof / r/0fM -!_ af]nkqåf/f vl/b ug'{ kbf{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] k|lqmof ckgfO{ af]nkq cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5M

-s_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f u/L v'nf ¿kdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{,

-v_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f gu/L v'nf ¿kdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ .

-@_ v'nf ¿kdf cfXjfg ul/g] af]nkq Ps jf b'O{ r/0fdf cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-#_ lgod %@8 sf] pklgod -!_ df plNnlvt cj:yfdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug'{ kbf{ b'O{ r/0fdf cfXjfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .

%!= af]nkqsf] dfWodåf/f vl/b ug'{ kg]{M Θ-!_ ;+u7g jf lgsfon] jL; nfv ?k}ofeGbf a9L nfut cg'dfg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{, dfn;fdfg jf h'g;'s} ;]jf vl/b ug'{kbf{ v'nf af]nkqsf] dfWodåf/f vl/b ug'{kg]{5 .

@)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 kl/R5]b !! b]lv !( ;Dd vf/]h u/L pQm kl/R5]bdf gofF yk


113

-@_ lgod %!e sf] cj:yfdf cGt/f{li6«o:t/df v'nf af]nkq cfJxfg u/L dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 .

%!c= Psd'i6 b/ ljlwaf6 ul/g] vl/bsf] sfo{ljlw M -!_

;fj{hlgs lgsfon] s'g} of]Uotf cfjZos gkg]{ k|s[ltsf] b'O{ s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd nfut cg'dfg ePsf] lgdf0f{ sfo{ vl/b ug{'{kbf{ nfut cg'dfg ;fj{hlgs u/L /fli6«o :t/sf] af]nkqsf] dfWodåf/f Psd'i6 b/ ljlwsf] cfwf/df k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq blfvnf ubf{

s"n nfut cg'dfgdf lglZrt k|ltzt 36L jf a9L k|ltztdf sfd ug Psd'i6 b/saf]n u/L af]nkq k]z ug'{kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljlw ax'jifL{o ;Demf}tf ug'{kg]{

vl/b sf/afxLdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . %!cf=pTkfbs jf clws[t laqm]tfåf/f lgwf{l{/t b/df -Sof6nu

;lkª_ ljlwjf6 ul/g] vl/bsf] sfo{ljlw M -!_ ;+u7g jf lgsfon] x]eL OlSjkd]G6, ;jf/L ;fwg, cf}hf/, d]lzg/L, pks/0f, PS;/] jf Pdcf/cfO{ h:tf :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] nlfu cfjZos kg]{ pkrf/hGo oGq jf o:t} cGo oflGqs dfn;fdfgx? To:tf] ;dfg:t/sf] dfn;fdfg pTkfbg jf ljt/0f ug]{ pTkfbs sDkgL jf To;sf] cflwsfl/s laqm]tfnfO{ sDtLdf ;ft lbgb]lv a9Ldf

@)&# ;fn kf}if @) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk

114

kGw| lbg;Ddsf] lnlvt ;"rgf lbO{ k|ltikwf{{ u/fO{ vl/b ug{;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ;"rgf k|fKt ePkl5 To:tf]

dfn;fdfg lalqm ug{ rfxgpTkfbs sDkgL jf To;sf] cflwsfl/s laqm]tfn] pTkfbgsf] cflwsfl/s :k]lzlkms]zg, u'0f:t/,d"No / ;'ljwf;lxtsf] ljj/0f -Sof6nu jf a|f];/_ ;+nUg /fvL To:tf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf lgj]bg btf{ u/fpg' kg]{ 5 . t/ o;/L lgj]bg btf{ ubf{ af]nkq hdfgt cfjZos kg]{ 5}g .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd btf{ ePsf pTkfbs sDkgL jf To;sf] cflwsfl/s laqm]tfn] k]z u/]sf] :k]lzlkms]zg, u'0f:t/, d"No / ;'ljwf ;lxtsf] ljj/0f -Sof6nu jf a|f];/_ x]/L ;dfg :k]lzlkms]zg/ u'0f:t/ ePsf pTkfbgx?sf] pTkfbs sDkgL jf To;sf] cflwsfl/s laqm]tfsf] ;"rL tof/ ug'{kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rLsf] cfwf/df vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfgsf] kl/df0f vf]nL pTkfbs jf clws[tlaqm]tfaf6 tf]lsPsf] d"No / ;'ljwf dWo] d"Nodf 5'6 jf ;'ljwfdf yk x'g ;Sg] ljj/0f ;lxtsf] cfly{s k|:tfj dfu ug'{kg]{ 5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj k|fKt ePkl5 d"Nodf kfOg] 5'6 / ;'ljwfdf x'g] yk ;d]tsf] cfwf/df o; lgodfjnLadf]lhd d"Nofª\sg u/L Go"gtd d"Nofª\lst ;f/e"t k|efju|fxL k|:tfjbftfsf] 5gf}6 ug'{kg]{ 5 .

-^_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhd 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftf;Fu sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt lnO{ vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{kg]{ 5 .

115

-&_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljlw ax'jifL{o ;Demf}tf ug'{kg]{ vl/b sf/afxLdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

%!O= l;ldt af]nkq -lnld6]8 6]08/_ ljlwjf6 ul/g] vl/bsf]

sfo{ljlw M -!_ ;+ª\u7g jf lgsfon] l;ldt dfqfdf pknJw ePsf] jf x'g] s'g} dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0fsfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ug'{k/]df To:tf] k|s[ltsf] cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdzbf{tf jf ;]jfk|bfosx? tLg jf ;f]eGbf sd ;Î\ofdf pknAw ePsf] cj:yf olsg u/L To:tf cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdzbf{tf jf ;]jfk|bfosx? aLr dfq k|ltikwf{ x'g] u/L kGw| lbgsf] af]nkq cfJxfgsf] ;"rgfsf] dfWodåf/f af]nkq jf k|:tfj dfu u/L vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljljw ax'jifL{o ;Demf}tf ug'{kg]{

vl/b sf/afxLdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -#_ ;+u7g jf lgsfon] l;ldt af]nkq ljlwsf] dfWodaf6 vl/b

ug'{kbf{ Ps tx dlfysf] clwsf/Lsf] k"j{:jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .

%!O{= gofF lng] k'/fgf] lbg] -afO{ Jofs d]y8_ ljlwaf6 ul/g]

vl/bsf] sfo{ljlw M -!_ ;+u7g jf lgsfon] cfkm\gf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] s'g} ;jf/L ;fwg, cf}hf/, d]lzg/L pks/0f, oGq, /;fog, dn, ljifflb jf o:t} k|s[ltsf cGo dfn;fdfgx?sf] pTkfbs sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] jf/]G6L jf Uof/]G6Lsf] ;do;Ldf cjlw k"/f ePkl5 ddt{ ;Def/ u/L


116

;~rfngdf NofpFbf nfut k|efjsf/L gx'g] / To:tf] pTkfbs sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 cg'?ksf] kl/0ffd glbg] jf k'gk|of]u ug gldNg] jf cf}lrToxLg x'g] / To:tf dfn;fdfg hg:jf:Yo jf jftfj/0fLo b[li6n] e08f/0f u/L /fVg jf lnnfd ug{;d]t pko'Qm gx'g] cj:yf ePdf To:tf] cj:yfsf] olsg u/L k'/fgf] dfn;fdfg ;lDaGwt pTkfbs jf cflwsfl/s laqm]tf jf cfk"lt{stf{nfO{ lkmtf{ lbO{ ;f]xL k|s[ltsf] gofF dfn;fdfg ;f]xL pTkfbs jf cflwsfl/s laqm]tf jf cfk"lt{stf{af6 ;6\6fk6\6f u/L lng ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ;6\6fk6\6f ubf{ To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf]

pTkfbs jf cflwsfl/s laqm]tf jf cfk"lt{stf{;{Fu k'/fgf] dfn;fdfgsf] d"Nofª\sg k|:tfj lnO{ gofF dfn;fdfgsf] lgwf{l{/t laqmL d"Nodf k'/fgf] dfn;fdfgsf] d"Nofª\lst /sd s6\6f u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf u/L vl/b ug'{kg]{5 .

-#_ o; lgod adf]lhd vl/b ul/g] gofF dfn;fdfg

dfGotfk|fKt ;+:yfaf6 u'0f:t/ k|dfl0ft ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 . -$_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ubf{ vl/b x'g] gofF

dfn;fdfgsf] hLjg rqm kZrft\ o; ljlw k|of]uu/L k'g ;6\6fk6\6f ug{ ;lsg] jf gl;sg] s'/f v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

-%_ ;+u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_adf]lhd vl/b ubf{ k'/fgf]

dfn;fdfg / ahf/df pknAw gofF dfn;fdfgsf] ;"rL tof/ u/L /lhi6f/af6 :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq vl/b ug'{kg]{5 .

-^_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljlw ax'jifLo{ ;Demf}tf ug'{kg]{

vl/b sf/afxLdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

117

%!p= :jb]zL af]nkqbftfx? aLr dfq k|ltikwf{ u/fO{ vl/b ul/g] M -!_ lgod %) sf] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd Ps r/0fsf] v'nf af]nkq cfJxfg ubf{ b'O{ s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L / Ps c/a ?k}ofF ;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfg ePsf] lgdf0f{ sfo{sf] vl/bdf lgod %!e sf] cj:yfdf afx]s /fli6o:t/sf] v'nf af]nkqsf] dfWodåf/f :jb]zL af]nkqbftfx? aLr dfq k|ltikwf{{ u/fO{ vl/b ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd vl/b ug'{kbf{ k|fljlws / cfly{s

k|:tfj b'O{ cnu cnu vfddf /fvL l;naGbL u/L k|To]s vfdsf] aflx/ s'g k|:tfj xf] :ki6 ?kn] pNn]v u/L b'j} k|:tfjnfO{ csf]{ 5'6\6} aflx/L vfddf l;naGbL u/L af]nkq k]z ug'{kg]{ Joxf]/f af]nkq cfJxfgsf] ;"rgf / af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ubf{

k|fljlwsk|:tfjsf nflu lgod $(d, $(o, $(n / $(j adf]lhdsf] k|ljlws tyf cfly{s / ljQLo Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ pNn]v ug'{kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] k|fljlws k|:tfj lgod %^3

adf]lhdsf] k|lqmofaf6 vf]nL lgod %@, %!q, %@, %@3 / %@ª adf]lhd k/LIf0f u/L ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkq lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf of]Uotfsf] ;a} cfwf/df ;kmn x'g]

af]nkq ;f/e"t ?kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkq dlfgg]5 / To:tf] ;kmn af]nkqbftfx?nfO{ cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng] :yfg, ldlt


118

/ ;do pNn]v u/L ;f] ldlt / ;dodf pkl:yt x'g sDtLdf ;ft lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ ;"rgf ug'{kg]{ 5 .

-^_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"Nofs+g ubf{

of]Uotfsf] cfwf/df c;kmn x'g] ;a} af]nkqbftfx?sf] cfly{s k|:tfj ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfx?nfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{kg]{ 5 .

-&_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd ;kmn af]nkqbftfx? sf] lgod %^h

adf]lhdsf] k|lqmofaf6cfly{s k|:tfj vf]nL lgod %@v, %@r / %@5 adf]lhd cfly{s tyf ljz]if d"Nofª\sg u/L Go"gtd d"Nofª\lst ;f/e"t k|efju|fxL af]nkqsf] 5gf}6 ug'{kg]{ 5 .

%!pm= ;+o'Qm pkqmdaf6 ;xefuL x'g' kg]{ M -!_ lgod %!e

adf]lhd cfJxfg ul/Psf] Ps ca{ ?k}ofF eGbfdfly kfFr ca{ ?k}ofF ;Ddsf] nfut cg'dfg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{;DaGwL cGt/fl{i6o:t/sf] af]nkqdf ;xefuL x'g rfxg] ljb]zL kmd,{ ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] :jb]zL kmd,{ ;+:yf jf sDkgL;Fu ;+o'Qm pkqmd u/L ;xefuL x'g' kg]{ 5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] vl/b sf/afxLdf lgod %!p sf]

Joj:yf nfu" x'g]5 . %!P=lgdf{0f sfo{sf] cfly{s k|:tfj dfu u/L vl/b ug]{

sfo{ljlw M -!_ lgod ^&g %( pklgod -&_adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo eO{ ;f]xL lgodsf] pklgod -(_ adf]lhd To:tf]lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/b ug'{kbf{ lgod %@v adf]lhd 5gf}6


119

ePsf af]nkqbftfx?nfO{ kGw| lbgsf] Dofb l bO{ cfly{s k|:tfj dfu u/L vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb lbO{ vl/b ug'{kbf{ l;naGbL

cfly{s k|:tfj dfq k]z ug'{kg]{ Joxf]/f v'nfpg' kg]{ 5 . -#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd vl/b ug]{ "of]hgsf nflu af]nkq

;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ubf{ vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo x'Fbfsf] ;do;Dd l8hfOg jf nfut cg'dfg cg'?k ;DkGg eO;s]sf] sfo{x? s6\6f u/L afFsL sfdsf] nlfu cfjZostf cg';f/sf] l8hfOg jf nfut cg'dfg lk/dfh{g u/fO{ lgod %s= adf]lhd :jLs[t ePsf] x'g' kg]{ 5 .

-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] cfly{s k|:tfj lgod %^h

adf]lhdsf] k|lqmofaf6 vf]nL lgod %@v, %@r, %@5 adf]lhd cfly{s tyf ljz]if d"Nofª\sg u/L Go"gtd d"Nofª\lst ;f/e"t k|efju|fxL af]nkqsf] 5gf}6 ug'{kg]{ 5 .æ

%!s= k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{ M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] plrt 7fg]df vl/bsf] nflu ;d]t k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL

sfuhftdf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ of]Uotfsf cfwf/, k|:tfj tof/ ug]{ / k]z ug]{ tl/sf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

120

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj k]z ug{ cfjZos k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft dfu ug]{ ;a} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL, ;+:yfnfO{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] sfuhft tf]lsPadf]lhd lbg' kg]{5 .

-$_ of]Uo cfj]bssf] 5gf}6 pklgod -@_ df plNnlvt

of]Uotfsf] cfwf/df ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L 5gf}6 ePsf cfj]bssf]] ;"rL ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf k|sfzg u/L ;a} cfj]bsnfO{ k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf lbPsf] lt; lbgleq

k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj c:jLs[t ePsf] s'g} cfj]bsn] lghsf] k|:tfj c:jLs[t ePsf]]]] sf/0fsf] hfgsf/L dfu u/]df lghnfO{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .

-^_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf zt{ tyf ;f]sf] lgwf{/0f ;DaGwL cGo

Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 . %!v= k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{ s'/f M

k"j{of]Uotf lgwf{/0f u/L af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ ePdf To:tf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq cfXjfg ug'{ cl3 k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ k|:tfljt sfdsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ of]Uotf / ;+o'Qm

pkqmdsf] xsdf ;fem]bf/sf] of]Uotf,

121

-v_ k|:tfjbftfn] cfˆgf] of]Uotf / u|fXotf k'li6 ug{ k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhft / hfgsf/L,

-u_ dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] 5'§f 5'§} ;d"x jf Kofs]h

agfO{ vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf To:tf] ;d"x jf Kofs]h, -3_ k|:tfj tof/ ug]{ tl/sf, -ª_ k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{ k|lqmof, -r_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf d'Vo d'Vo zt{, -5_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] k"j{of]Uotf

;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{ egL ;do ;dodf lgwf{/0f u/]sf cGo ljifo, /

-h_ k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj k]z ug]{ tl/sf :yfg, clGtd

ldlt / ;do .

%!u= k"j{of]Uotfsf] cfwf/ :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{]{ M ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj cfJxfg ug'{ cl3 lgod $(d jf $(o adf]lhd lgwf{l/t k"j{of]Uotfsf cfwf/ /lhi6«f/af6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 .

%!3= k"j{of]Uotfsf] sfuhft pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ Θ-!_ ;+u7g jf lgsfon] k"jof]{Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug{ nfu]sf] vr{sf] cfwf/df OR5's JolQm, kmd,{ ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 b]xfo adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ lnO{ k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ 5 M


122

-s_ b'O{ s/f]8 ¿k}ofFeGbf dfly bzs/f]8 ¿k}ofF ;Ddsf] nlfu kfFr xhf/ ¿k}ofF,

-v_ bz s/f]8 ¿k}ofFeGbf dlfy kRrL; s/f]8 ?k}ofF ;Ddsf] nlfu bz xhf/ ¿k}ofF,

-u_ kRrL; s/f]8 ¿k}ofF eGbf dlfy hlt;'s} /sdsf nlfu kGw| xhf/ ¿k}ofF .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfuhftdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt / sfof{nosf] 5fk nfu]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo jf ;f] lgsfon] tf]s]sf] b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L cGo lgsfoaf6 pknAw u/fpg ;lsg]5 .

%!ª= of]Uo cfj]bssf] 5gf}6 M -!_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k"j{of]Uotfsf]

cfj]bsåf/f k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt of]Uotfsf k|To]s cfwf/ k'/f u/] gu/]sf] ljifodf cfjZos k/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L k/LIf0f ubf{ of]Uotfsf ;a} cfwf/ k'/f ug]{ cfj]bs of]Uotf k/LIf0fdf 5gf}6 ePsf] dflgg] / ;a} of]Uotfsf cfwf/ k'/f gug]{ cfj]bs 5gf}6 gePsf] dflgG5 .

@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k/LIf0fdf 5gf}6 ePsf

k"j{of]Uotfsf] cfj]bs ;DalGwt vl/b sf/afxLsf] nflu af]nkq k]z ug{ of]Uo ePsf] dflgg]5 .

%!r= k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{kg]{ M -!_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] lgod %!ª

adf]lhd u/]sf] k/LIf0fsf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f ;lxtsf]

123

k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L d"NofÍg sfo{ ;'? u/]sf] ldltn] kGw|| lbg leqdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn]

b]xfosf s'/f v'nfpg' kg]{5 M

-s_ cfj]bssf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ cfj]bssf] of]Uotfsf] k|To]s cfwf/ k'li6 ug]{

sfuhft, -u_ tflnsf cfjZos eP To:tf] tflnsf, -3_ ;+o'Qm pkqmdsf] ¿kdf k|:tfj k]z ul/Psf] eP

;+o'Qm pkqmd ;DaGwL sfuhft k"0f{ eP jf gePsf] / To:tf] pkqmdsf] k|To]s ;fem]bf/sf] lx:;f / bfloTj,

-ª_ dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] 5'§f 5'§} ;d"x jf Kofs]h agfO{ vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf To:tf] ;d"x / Kofs]hsf] k/LIf0f ug{ ckgfOPsf] k|lqmof tyf To:tf] ;d"x / Kofs]hsf] vl/b sf/afxLdf efu lngsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePsf cfj]bs /

-r_ cfj]bs 5gf}6 x'g' jf gx'g'sf] sf/0f .

%!5= af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{kg]{ M -!_ ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq cfXjfg ug'{ cl3 af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

124

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf b]xfosf s'/fx¿ pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 M

-s_ vl/bsf] k|s[lt, vl/b ug{ nfUg] ;dofjlw tyf

;f]sf] k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, -v_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f gu/L af]nkq cfXjfg

ePsf] eP af]nkqbftfsf] lgod $(e adf]lhdsf] of]Uotfsf cfwf/x¿,

-u_ :ynut lg/LIf0f ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf eP ;f] ;DaGwL

hfgsf/L, -3_ af]nkq k]z ug'{ cl3 s'g} a}7s ug'{kg]{ eP

To:tf] a}7s ;DaGwL hfgsf/L, -ª_ af]nkq tof/ ug]{ / k]z ug]{ lgb]{zg, af]nkq

k]z ug]{ :yfg, af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do tyf af]nkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg,

-r_ d"Nosf] ;+/rgf -sDkf]g]06 ckm k|fO;_,

af]ncÍsf] nflu pNn]v ug{ ;lsg] d'b|f jf d'b|fx¿, af]nkq t'ngf ug{ k|of]u ul/g] d'b|f / ;Da4 ljlgdo b/sf] cfwf/ / ;f]sf] ldlt,

-5_ af]nkq d"NofÍg / af]nkqbftfsf] 5gf}6 ug]{ cfwf/ / tl/sf,

125

-h_ :jb]zL dfn;fdfg / :yfgLo lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg] eP ;f] ;DaGwL] Joj:yf,

-em_ dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] 5'§f5'§} ;d"x / Kofs]h agfO{ vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf To:tf] ;d"x / Kofs]h / ;f]sf] d"NofÍg ug{] tl/sf,

-`_ k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zgsf] ljsNksf] k|:tfj ;d]t dfu ul/Psf]] cj:yfdf To:tf] ljsNk d"NofÍg ug]{ tl/sf,

-6_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] s'g} c+zsf] nflu dfq klg af]nkq k]z ug{ kfOg] eP To:tf] c+z jf c+zx¿sf] ljj/0f,

-7_ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw, -8_ af]]nkq, sfo{;Dkfbg jf cGo cfjZos s'/fsf]

nflu lbg' kg]{ hdfgtsf] /sd, lsl;d, dfGo 9fFrf / dfGo cjlw -e]lnl86L lkl/o8_,

-9_ af]]nkq hdfgt dfu ePsf]df ;f] hdfgtsf] cjlw af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlweGbf lt; lbg a9L cjlwsf] x'g' kg]{ a]xf]/f,

-0f_ af]nkqbftfn] nfut cg'dfgeGbf kGw|

k|ltzt;Dd sd cÍ sa'n u/]df sa'n cÍsf] kfFr k|ltzt / nfut cg'dfgsf] kGw| k|ltzteGbf a9L 36]/ sa'n u/]sf] cj:yfdf kGw| k|ltzt eGbf hlt /sdn] 36L sa'n u/]sf] 5 ;f]sf] krf; k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sd sa'n

126

cÍsf] kfFr k|ltztdf yk u/L sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt /fVg'kg]{ s'/f,

-t_ af]nkqbftfn] s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf af]nkq

lbFbf jf ;Demf}tf ubf{ k]z u/]sf] cfly{s / k|fljlws ljj/0f,

-y_ af]nkqbftfn] s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo;+u

;Demf}tf u/L s'g} sfo{ k|f/De u/]sf] eP To:tf] lgsfo, sfdsf] ljj/0f, ;Demf}tfsf] /sd / sfo{ k|ultsf] ljj/0f,

-b_ v08 -y_ adf]lhd sfo{ k|f/De u/]sf] cj:yfdf

lgod $(8 -#_ -v_ df plNnlvt sfuhftdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf k|of]udf /x]sf] af]nkqbftfsf] k|fljlws Ifdtf To:tf] lgsfonfO{ cfjZos kg]{ xb;Dd To:tf] af]nkqbftfsf] k|fljlws Ifdtf yk sfo{sf] nflu u0fgf gx'g] s'/f,

-w_ lgod ^$ adf]lhdsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x¿

/ ;f] ;Demf}tf nfu" x'g] tl/sf, -g_ :jfy{ aflemg] -slGkm\nS6 ckm O{G6«]i6_ ePdf

af]nkq pk/ sf/afxL gx'g] jf hfn;fhL jf e|i6frf/ u/]df x'g] sfg'gL sf/afxL ;DaGwL hfgsf/L,

127

-k_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq;DaGwL sf/afxL ubf{ u/]sf] q'l6 jf lg0f{o lj?4 k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu af]nkqbftfn] lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] Joj:yf,

-km_ k|fljlws IfdtfnfO{ k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft tyf

cfly{s k|:tfj -af]n cÍ_ Pp6} vfddf k]z ug'{kg]{ a]xf]/f /

-a_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] k"j{ of]Uotf

jf af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{ egL lgwf{/0f u/]sf ljifox¿ .

-#_ af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf adf]lhd af]nkq;DaGwL

sfuhftdfu ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ / vl/b sf/afxLdf efu lng k"j{ of]Uotf cfjZos kg]{ ePdf k"j{ of]Uotf xfl;n u/L To:tf] sfuhft dfu ug]{ JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ lnO{ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .

%!h= af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{ s'/f M ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf lgod %!5 df plNnlvt s'/fsf] cltl/Qm cfjZostfg';f/ b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v ug{ ;Sg]5 M

-s_ k|:tfljt sfdsf] of]hgf, gSzf, -v_ ljn ckm SjflG66Lh,

128

-u_ dfn;fdfgsf] kl/df0f, -3_ af]nkqbftfn] ug'{kg]{ e}kl/ cfpg] sfd, -ª_ dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{, lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ug]{ ;do, -r_ jf/]06L tyf dd{t ;Def/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf,

-5_ af]nkqbftfn] k|bfg ug'{kg]{ cfjZos tflnd / ;'k/Lj]If0fsf] lsl;d / kl/df0f,

-h_ cfk"lt{ ul/g] dfn;fdfg jf hu]8f kf6{k"hf{x¿ gofF /

;SsnL x'g' kg]{ s'/f / -em_ k|:tfljt vl/bsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ /sd k|fKt x'g]

;|f]t . %!em= e]befj ug{ gx'g] M -!_ lgod %!5 sf] pklgod -@_ sf]

v08 -h_ sf] cj:yfdf afx]s ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b sf/afxLdf af]nkqbftfnfO{ lghsf] /fli6«otfsf] cfwf/df e]befj ug'{ xF'b}g .

-@_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftadf]lhd cfjZos kg]{ s'g}

lnvt af]nkqbftfn] k|fKt ug{ g;s]sf] cj:yfdf lghn]] k]z u/]sf] To:tf] lnvt ;/xsf] cGo lnvtnfO{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] dfGotf lbg' kg]{5 .

%!`= Ph]G6sf] ljj/0f pNn]v ug'{kg]{ M -!_ ljb]zL af]nkqbftfn]

af]nkq k]z ubf{ g]kfndf cfˆgf] Ph]06 lgo'Qm u/]sf] /x]5 eg] lghn] To:tf] Ph]G6sf] ;DaGwdf b]xfosf ljj/0f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M

129

-s_ Ph]06sf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ Ph]06n] kfpg] sldzgsf] cª\s, d'b|fsf] lsl;d /

e'QmfgLsf] tl/sf, -u_ Ph]06;Fusf] cGo s'g} zt{, -3_ :yfgLo Ph]06 eP lghsf]] :yfoL n]vf gDa/ btf{

k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk / lghn] Ph]06 x'g :jLsf/ u/]sf] kq .

-@_ ljb]zL af]nkqbftfsf] tkm{af6 Ph]06n] af]nkq k]z

ubf{ pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_ / -u_ df plNnlvt s'/f :ki6 ¿kdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ ljb]zL af]nkqbftfn] pklgod -!_ df plNnlvt s'/f

:ki6 ¿kdf gv'nfPdf jf :yfgLo Ph]06 gePsf] egL af]nkq k]z u/]sf]df kl5 Ph]06 ePsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf jf Ph]06nfO{ lbg] sldzg sd pNn]v u/]sf]df kl5 Ph]06n] a9L sldzg lnPsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf To:tf] af]nkqbftfnfO{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg] sf/afxL ug'{ kg]{5 .

%!6= af]nkqbftfsf] u|fXotf ;DaGwL cfwf/ / sfuhft pNn]v ug{' kg]]{ M -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkqbftfsf] u|fXotf -O{lnlhljln6L_ sf] cfwf/ tyf To:tf] cfwf/ k|dfl0ft ug{ af]nkqbftfn] k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftsf] k|ltlnlk ;d]t pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ df plNnlvt sfuhft b]xfoadf]lhd

x'g]5g\ M

130

-s_ kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL btf{sf] k|df0fkq, -v_ Joj;fo btf{{sf] Ohfhtkq,

:ki6Ls/0F M Θo; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nlfu æJoj;fo btf{sf] Ohfhtkqæ eGgfn] s'g} Joj;foLn] cfˆgf] Joj;fo ;+rfng ug]{ p2]Zon] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd k|df0fkq jf Ohfhtkq lng' kg]{ eP ;f] adf]lhd k|fKt u/]sf] k|df0fkq jf Ohfhtkq ;Demg' k5{ . -u_ d"No clej[l¢ s/ btf{ k|df0fkq / :yfoL n]vf

btf{ gDa/ -Kofg_ k|df0fkq, -3_ Θ;+u7g jf lgsfon] tf]s]sf] cljw;Ddsf]

;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 k|fKt s/ r'Qmf u/]sf] k|df0fkq jf cfo ljj/0f k]z u/]sf] k|dfl0ft sfuhft jf cfo ljj/0f k]z ug{ Dofb yk ePsf] lg:;f jf k|df0f .

-ª_ af]nkqbftfn] vl/b sf/afxLdf efu lng cof]Uo

gePsf], k|:tfljt vl/b sf/afxLdf cfˆgf]] :jfy{ gaflemPsf]] / ;DalGwt k]zf jf Joj;fo ;DaGwL s;"/df cfkm"n] ;hfo gkfPsf] egL lnlvt ¿kdf u/]sf] 3f]if0ff,

Θ @)&# ;fn kf}if @) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg Θ @)&# ;fn kf}if @) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

131

-r_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfjZos 7fg]sf] cGo sfuhft .

:ki6Ls/0fM dfly h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg u}/ aflG;bf af]nfkq bftfn] v08 -u_ / -3_ adf]lhdsf] sfuhft k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .

-#_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf

sfuhft pNn]v ug{ 5'6]df jf :ki6 ¿kdf pNn]v gePdf jf cGo s'g} s'/f ;+zf]wg ug'{ k/]df ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq k]z ug]{ cjlwleq} /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kqdf / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkqsf] xsdf cGt/f{li6«o ;~rf/ dfWoddf k|sfzg u/L To:tf sfuhft pNn]v ug{, :ki6 ug{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

t/ o;/L ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ af]nkqbftfnfO{ af]nkq k]z ug{ yk ;do cfjZos kg]{ ePdf af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ;do;d]t a9fpg' kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhdsf sfuhft k]z gug]{ af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq pk/ sf/afxL x'g] 5}g .

%!7= af]nkqsf] efiff M -!_ o; lgoddf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]

afx]s, k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft, af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, k|:tfj cfJxfg ;DaGwL sfuhft, k"j{of]Uotf, af]nkq jf k|:tfj cfJxfgsf] ;"rgf / vl/b ;Demf}tf ;Dej eP;Dd g]kfnL efiffdf / ;Dej geP cª\u|]hL efiffdf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

132

-@_ af]nkqbftfn] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf g]kfnL jf cª\u|]hL b'a} efiffdf n]lvPsf] vl/b ;DaGwL sfuhft jf d'lb|t ;fdu|L k]z ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .

t/ To:tf] sfuhft jf d'lb|t ;fdu|Lsf] ;DalGwt c+z ;DalGwt b]zsf] cflwsfl/s ;+:yfaf6 cª\u|]hL efiffdf cg'jfb ul/Psf] x'g' kg]{5 / To:tf] sfuhft jf d'lb|t ;fdu|L / To;/L cg'jflbt c+zdf n]lvPsf] s'/fdf s'g} låljwf ePdf cg'jflbt c+z dfGo x'g]5 .

%!8= dfn;fdfgsf] k|fljlws ljj/0fdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{ s'/f M

af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf dfn;fdfgsf] k|fljlws ljj/0f pNn]v ubf{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfjZostfcg';f/ b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M -s_ k|:tfljt sfdsf] of]hgf, gSzf / l8hfOg, -v_ ljn ckm SjflG66Lh, -u_ dfn;fdfgsf] ;fGble{s ef}lts tyf /;folgs

ljz]iftf, ck]lIft sfo{;Dkfbg ;DaGwL ljz]iftf, -3_ k|fljlws agfj6 -slGkmUo'/]zg_, -ª_ dfn;fdfgsf] cfo' cjlwe/sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{

hu]8f kf6{k"hf{ / plNnlvt ;]jf pknAw x'g] jf gx'g], -r_ af]nkqsf ;fy k]z ug'{kg]{ dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0ffTds

k'l:tsf jf gd"gf,

-5_ ck]lIft sfo{;Dkfbg tyf u'0f:t/ k|Tofe"ltsf] ljj/0f,

133

-h_ jf/]06L tyf dd{t ;Def/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -em_ dfn;fdfgaf6 jftfj/0fdf s'g} k|efj kg]{ eP To:tf]

k|efj / To:tf] k|efj sd ug{ ckgfpg' kg]{ dfkb08,

-`_ cfk"lt{ ePsf] dfn;fdfg af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] :k]l;lkms]zg adf]lhdsf] eP gePsf] s'/f k/LIf0f ug{ ckgfOg] dfkb08 / tl/sf /

-6_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] cGo

cfjZos s'/fx¿ .

%!9= lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k|fljlws ljj/0fdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{ s'/f M af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k|fljlws ljj/0f pNn]v ubf{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfjZostf cg';f/ b]xfosf s'/fx¿ pNn]v ug'{' kg]{5 M

-s_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f sfo{sf] sfo{If]q / p2]Zo, -v_ lgdf{0f:ynsf] ef}lts k|s[lt / cj:yf, -u_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f sfo{sf] l8hfOg, lgdf{0f, pks/0f

h8fg -O/]Szg_, pTkfbg, h8fg -OG;\6n]zg_ h:tf sfo{sf] ljj/0f,

-3_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] x/]s PsfO{ cfO{6dsf] cg'dflgt

kl/df0f ePsf] ljn ckm SjflG6l6h,

-ª_ lgdf{0f sfo{af6 jftfj/0fdf k|efj kg]{ eP To:tf] k|efjsf] ljj/0f / To:tf] k|efj sd ug{ ckgfpg' kg]{ dfkb08,

134

-r_ d]sflgsn, :oflg6/L tyf KnlDaË / ljB't h8fg ;DaGwL sfd ;d]t ug'{kg]{ eP ;f] sfd ;DaGwL ljz]if k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg,

-5_ cfk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ pks/0f / kf6k"hf{sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f, -h_ ck]lIft sfo{;Dkfbg jf u'0f:t/sf] k|Tofe"lt ;DaGwL

ljj/0f, -em_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ljleGg r/0fdf ul/g] lg/LIf0f tyf

k/LIf0f, -`_ sfo{ ;DkGg k/LIf0f -sDKnL;g 6]i6_, -6_ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg eP kl5 lgdf{0f Joj;foLn]

pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ k|fljlws sfuhft, lgdf{0f ePadf]lhdsf] b'?:t -Ph laN6_ gSzf, cfjZostf cg';f/ pks/0f ;~rfng k'l:tsf -ck/]l6Ë Dofg'cn_,

-7_ lgdf{0f sfo{ :jLsf/ ug{sf] nflu ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ug'{kg]{ lg/LIf0f / sfo{;Dkfbg -k/km/d]G;_ k/LIf0f,

-8_ lgdf{0f sfo{ k|f/De / ;DkGg ug]{ ;dosf] sfo{

tflnsf, / -9_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] cGo

cfjZos s'/f . %!0f= cGo ;]jfsf] ljj/0fdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{ s'/f M af]nkq;DaGwL

sfuhftdf cGo ;]jfsf] ljj/0f pNn]v ubf{ cfjZostfcg';f/ b]xfosf s'/f v'nfpg' kg]{5 M

135

-s_ ;]jfsf] k|of]hg / sfo{If]q, -v_ ck]lIft sfo{;Dkfbg, ;]jf k|bfosn] k|bfg ug'{kg]{ sfd

/ ;]jf,

-u_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;fy pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ ljj/0ffTds k'l:tsf jf gd"gf,

-3_ ;]jf k|bfosn] kfngf ug'{kg]{ zt{, -ª_ ;]jf k|bfosn] k|bfg u/]sf] ;]jf d"NofÍg ug]{ cfwf/ /

tl/sf, -r_ sfd jf ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f / lg/LIf0f, -5_ sfo{;Dkfbg / u'0f:t/ k|Tofe"ltsf] ljj/0f, -h_ ;]jf k|bfosn]] k|bfg ug'{kg]{ tflnd / ;'kl/j]If0fsf]

lsl;d / kl/df0f / -em_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf cGo

cfjZos s'/f .

%!t= af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhft M ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] k|s[ltnfO{ ljrf/ u/L af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf cfjZostfg';f/ b]xfosf sfuhft ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ af]nkq lgb]{lzsf tyf af]nkq kmf/fd,

-v_ af]nkq hdfgtsf] 9fFrf,

136

-u_ sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgtsf] 9fFrf,

-3_ k]ZsL e'QmfgL hdfgtsf] 9fFrf, -ª_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ / gd"gf, -r_ :k]l;lkms]zg / gS;f, -5_ sfo{ k|f/De / ;DkGg ug]{ ;dosf] sfo{ tflnsf,

e'QmfgL ul/g] d'b|f, ;fdu|L pknAw x'g ;Sg] ;|f]t / :yfg /

-h_ cGo cfjZos sfuhft .

%!y= af]nkq tof/ ug]{ / k]z ug]{ lgb]{zg M ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkq tof/ ug]{ / k]z ug]{ lgb]{zg lbFbf b]xfosf ljifosf ;DaGwdf lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 M -s_ af]nkq tof/ ug]{ efiff, -v_ cGt/f{li6«o Jofkf/df k|o'Qm x'g] zJbfjnL O{G6/g]zgn

sdl;{on 6D;{ -O{Gsf]6D;{_ cg';f/ d"No cleJoQm ug]{ tl/sf,

-u_ ;+o'Qm pkqmd af/] cfjZos hfgsf/L, -3_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq ;fy k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftsf]

;"rL, -ª_ af]nkqbftfn] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo ;dIf k]z

ug'{kg]{ dfn;fdfgsf] gd"gf / gd"gfsf] ;ª\Vof,

137

-r_ dfn;fdfg vl/bsf] xsdf dfn;fdfgsf] lgdf{tfn]

l;kmfl/; u/]sf] To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] hu]8f kf6k"hf{x¿sf] ;"rL tyf lgh;Fu /x]sf] k|To]s kf6{k"hf{sf] df}Hbft kl/df0f, k|lt OsfO{ d"No / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 To:tf] kf6{k"hf{sf] d"No a9\g] ga9\g] ;DaGwL s'/f pNn]v ug'{kg]{ gkg]{,

-5_ af]nkqbftfn] cfk"lt{ ug]{ dfn;fdfgsf] pTkfbs,

pTkfbg ePsf]] b]z, a|f08, df]8n / Sof6nu gDa/ af]nkqdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/f,

-h_ vl/b sf/afxLsf ;DaGwdf af]nkqbftfn] ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfo;Fu s'g} s'/f a'em\g k/]df To:tf] s'/f :ki6 ug{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfoaf6 tf]lsPsf] ;Dks{ sd{rf/Lsf]] gfd, kb / 7]ufgf,

-em_ af]nkqbftfn]] vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhd ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfosf sd{rf/LnfO{ tflnd k|bfg ug'{kg]{ eP jf To:tf] lgsfonfO{ k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f ug'{kg]{ eP ;f] ;DaGwL s'/f,

-`_ bflvnf ePsf af]nkq :jLs[t jf c:jLs[t ug]{

clwsf/ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf ;'/lIft /x]sf] A]xf]/f, / -6_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo s'/f .

%!b= af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft :jLs[t ug{' kg]{ M af]nkq;DaGwL

sfuhft, k|:tfj cfJxfg ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/

138

ePkl5 Θaf]nkq cfJxfg cufj} ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf k|d'vn] :jLs[t ug{' kg]{5 .

%!w= af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftsf] b:t'/ M -!_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft vl/b ug{ rfxg] OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt / sfof{nosf] 5fk nfu]sf] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft ;f] lgsfo jf ;f] lgsfon] tf]s]sf] b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L cGo lgsfoaf6 b]xfoadf]lhdsf] b:t'/ lt/L lng' kg]{5 M

Θ-s_ aL; nfv eGbf dfly b'O{ s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf nflu

tLg xhf/ ?k}ofF Θ-v_ b'O{ s/f]8 ?k}of+FeGbf dfly bz s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf

nflu kf+r xhf/ ?k}of+ Θ-u_ bz s/f]8eGbf dfly klRr; s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf nflu

bz xhf/ ?k}of+ Θ-3_ kRrL; s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf dfly hlt;'s} /sdsf nflu

aL; xhf/ ?k}ofF Ξ-ª_ -@_ s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] pklgod -!_

adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ / nfUg] x'nfs jf s'l/o/ dx;'n lt/L af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj cfJxfg ;DaGwL sfuhft k7fO lbg lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]df ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] JolQm, kmd{,

Θ @)&# ;fn kf}if @) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg Ξ @)&# ;fn kf}if @) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 vf/]h

139

sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ x'nfs jf s'l/o/ dfkm{t af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft k7fOlbg' kg]{]5 .

t/ To;/L k7fpFbf To:tf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf

;+:yfn] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft ;dodf g}} k|fKt ug{ g;s]df ;f]sf nflu ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo hjfkmb]xL x'g]5}g .

%!g= af]nkqsf] ;"rgfdf nfut cg'dfg v'nfpg' kg]{ M Θb'O s/f]8 ?k}of;Ddsf]nfut cg'dfg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] af]nkq cfAxfgsf] ;"rgfdf nfut cg'dfg /sd v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

%!k= lgdf{0f:ynsf] e|d0fM -!_ af]nkq tof/ ug{ / vl/b

;Demf}tf ug{ cfjZos ;"rgf k|fKt ug{ af]nkqbftf cfkm} jf lghsf] sd{rf/L jf Ph]G6nfO{ cfkm\g} vr{df ;Defljt hf]lvd k|lt cfkm} pQ/bfoL x'g] u/L lgdf{0f:ynsf] e|d0f ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd

lgdf{0f:ynsf] e|d0f ug{ cg'dlt lbg' kg]{ ePdf To:tf]] cg'dlt lbg' kg]{5 .

-#_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkqbftfnfO{ lgdf{0f:ynsf]

oyfy{ hfgsf/L lbg lgod %!km adf]lhd x'g] a}7s cl3 lgdf{0f:ynsf] e|d0f u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

%!km= af]nkq k]z ug'{ k"j{sf] a}7s M -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon]

af]nkqbftfnfO{ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, k|fljlws


140

:k]l;lkms]zg, lgdf{0f:yn jf cGo o:t} s'/f ;DaGwL hfgsf/L u/fpg af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd lbgeGbf /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf b; lbg / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbg cufj} af]nkqbftfx¿sf] a}7ssf] cfof]hgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] a}7sdf af]nkqbftfn] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo ;dIf vl/b sf/afxL ;DaGwL s'g} k|Zg jf lh1f;f /fVg ;Sg]5 / To:tf] lgsfon] k|Zgstf{x¿sf] >f]t pNn]v gu/L ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] k|Zg jf lh1f;fsf] hjfkm / a}7ssf] dfOGo'6 oyflz3| pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ePsf] a}7saf6 af]nkq;DaGwL

sfuhftsf] s'g} k|fljlws jf Jofkfl/s kIfdf x]/km]/ ug'{kg]{ b]lvPdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;f] sfuhftdf ;f]xLadf]lhd ;+zf]wg u/L af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft vl/b ug]{ ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ To:tf] ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] a]xf]/f To:tf] a}7s ePsf] kfFr lbgleq k7fpg' kg]{5 .

%!a= af]nkq cfJxfg M -!_ af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf]

k|:tfj cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kqdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkqsf] xsdf cGt/f{li6«o ;~rf/ dfWoddf ;d]t k|sfzg ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf ljZjljBfnosf]

s]Gb|Lo sfof{non] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] jf ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nosf] j]j ;fO6df /fVg' kg]{5 / cGo ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfˆgf] sfof{no jf s]Gb|Lo

141

sfof{nosf] jf ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nosf] j]j ;fO{6df /fVg' kg]{5 .

-#_ af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfdf

b]xfosf s'/fx¿ v'nfpg' kg]{5 M

-s_ af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] gfd / 7]ufgf,

-v_ vl/b sfo{sf] k|s[lt / ;do ;Ldf, dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug'{ kg]{, ;]jf k|bfg ug'{kg]{ jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ug'{kg]{ :yfg,

-u_ af]nkq hdfgt cfjZos kg]{ eP ;f]sf] /sd / dfGo cjlw,

-3_ af]nkq hdfgt cfjZos kg]{ eP af]nkqsf]

dfGo x'g] cjlw,

-ª_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft kfOg] :yfg, k|fKt ug]{ tl/sf / ;f]afkt nfUg] b:t'/,

-r_ af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] :yfg, tl/sf, clGtd ldlt / ;do,

-5_ af]]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do, :yfg / af]nkq vf]Ng] ;dodf af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwnfO{ cfdGq0f ug]{ s'/f, /

-h_ tf]lsPadf]lhdsf cGo s'/fx¿ .

142

-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf lt; lbg / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj cfXjfgsf] ;"rgfsf] xsdf sDtLdf k}+tfln; lbgsf] cjlw lbg' kg]{5 .

-%_ lgod %@em sf] pklgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf

afx]s pklgod -$_ adf]lhd af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug{ lbOPsf] cjlwleq s'g} af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj gk/]df jf k/]klg ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL geO{ k'gM af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbg / cGt/fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf PSsfO; lbgsf] ;dofjlw lbO k'gM af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f k|:tfj cfJxfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-^_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] cjlwleq klg s'g}

af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj gk/]df jf k/] klg ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf / tTsfn vl/b gu/] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] s'g} sfd /f]lsg] ePdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To;sf] cf}lrTo v'nfO{ /fli6o:t/sf] af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfjsf] xsdf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ;ft lbg;Ddsf] cjlw lbO{ k'gM af]nkq cfJxfg u/L jf lgod $(9 adf]lhd s'g} vl/b ljlw 5gf}6 u/L ;f]xL k|s[of cg'¿k vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .

143

-&_ pklgod -#_ sf] v08 -ª_ adf]lhd af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft kfOg] :yfg v'nfpFbf b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf To:tf] sfuhft kfOg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .

-*_ pklgod -#_ sf] v08 -r_ adf]lhd af]nkq jf k"j{

of]Uotf;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] :yfg v'nfpFbf Pp6} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf dfq k]z ug]{ jf k7fpg] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .

-(_ pklgod -*_ adf]lhd af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL

k|:tfj k]z ug{ jf k7fpgsf] nflu s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo, af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] ;'/Iff dfu u/]df ;DalGwt lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{non] clgjfo{¿kdf ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf t'?Gt ldnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-!)_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf]

af]nkq dfk{mt ug]{ vl/bdf g]kfnL pBdL tyf Joj;foLnfO{ tf]lsPadf]lhd 3/]n' k|fyldstf -8f]d]l:6s k|]km/]G;_ lbg ;Sg]5 / o;/L 3/]n' k|fyldstf lbg] ePdf ;f] s'/f af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf / af]]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

t/ /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkqsf] dfWodaf6 x'g] lgdf{0f

sfo{sf] vl/bdf tf]lsPsf] nfut cg'dfg;Dd :jb]zL af]nkqbftflar dfq k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 .

144

-!!_ ljb]zL af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ g]kfn /fHodf cfˆgf] s'g} Ph]06 lgo'Qm u/] jf gu/]sf] s'/f v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

-!@_ pklgod -!!_ adf]lhd Ph]06 lgo'Qm u/]sf] eP

af]nkq k]z ubf{ Ph]06sf] ;DaGwdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f ;d]t pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 .

-!#_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;fj{hlgs lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/bsf] xsdf ljb]zL af]nkqbftfn] :jb]zL lgdf{0f Joj;foL;Fu ;+o'Qm pkqmd u/]df To:tf] ljb]zL af]nkqbftfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg ;lsg]5 .

%!e= cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq M -!_ o; lgodadf]lhd af]nkq cfJxfg ubf{ b]xfosf cj:yfdf cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfXjfg ug{' kg]{5 M

-s_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] dfucg'¿ksf] dfn;fdfg jf

lgdf{0f sfo{ k|lt:kwf{Tds d"Nodf g]kfn /fHoleqsf PseGbf a9L lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cfk"lt{stf{af6 k|fKt gx'g] ePdf,

-v_ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jf vl/bsf nflu

/fli6«o:t/df af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ s'g} af]nkq gk/L lab]zaf6 k|fKt ug'{kg]{ ePdf,

-u_ bft[kIf;Fu ePsf] ;Demf}tfadf]lhd j}b]lzs ;xfotf

;|f]taf6 ljb]zL dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf /

145

-3_ ljz]if tyf hl6n lsl;dsf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ePsf]n] cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkqaf6 vl/b ug'{kg]{ egL ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k|dfl0ft u/]sf]df .

-@_ o; vl/b lgodadf]lhdsf] cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkq

cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf cª\u|]hL efiffdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg{]5 / af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL ;a} sfuhft cª\u|]hL efiffdf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf lgod %!a sf]

pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] j]j;fO6df /fVg' kg]{5 . %!d= af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf ePsf] låljwf

af/]sf] hfgsf/LM -!_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt s'g} s'/fdf låljwf eO{ ;f] ;DaGWfdf :ki6 ug{ To:tf sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] ;dofjlwleq s'g} af]nkqbftfn] cg'/f]w u/]df ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq k]z ug]{ jf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj k]z ug]{ clGtd Dofb ;dfKt x'g' cufj} To:tf] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-@_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_

adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L / af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf s'g} x]/km]/ u/]sf] eP To:tf] x]/km]/ ;DaGwL hfgsf/L vl/b sf/afxLdf ;xefuL ePsf ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ lghn] af]nkq k]z ubf{ jf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj tof/ ubf{ To:tf] x]/km]/ pk/ ;d]t ljrf/ ug{ ;do kfpg] u/L lbg' kg]{5 .

146

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{sf] nflu af]nkqbftfnfO{ yk ;do lbg cfjZos ePdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj k]z ug]{ clGtd cjlw a9fpg ;Sg]5 .

%!o= af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug]{ clGtd cjlwM

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k]z ug{] clGtd ldlt / ;do lgwf{/0f ubf{ lgod %!a sf] pklgod -$_,-%_,-^_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwdf g36\g] u/L / To:tf] af]nkq jf k|:tfj tof/ ug{ jf k]z ug{ af]nkqbftfn] kof{Kt ;do kfpg] u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

%!/= af]nkq k]z ug]{ tl/sf M -!_ af]nkq lgwf{l/t 9fFrfdf,

af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clws[t k|ltlglwn] /Ltk"j{s ;xL5fk tyf l;naGbL u/L af]nkqbftf cfk}mn] jf cfˆgf] k|ltlglw dfk{mt jf x'nfs jf s'l/o/ dfk{mt af]nkq k]z ug'{kg]{ :yfgdf af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;doleq} k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw gf3L k|fKt ePsf

af]nkqx¿ pk/ s'g} sf/afxL x'g] 5}g / To:tf af]nkqx¿ Gfvf]nL ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ul/g]5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP

tfklg ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] dfWod k|of]u u/L ul/g] vl/bsf] nflu af]nkq k]z ug]{ tl/sf ;fj{hlgs vl/b

147

cg'udg sfof{noaf6 :jLs[t ljB'tLo vl/b k|0ffnL adf]lhd x'g]5 .

%!n= af]nkq lkmtf{ tyf ;+zf]wg M -!_ ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] dfWodaf6 af]nkq k]z ul/g] afx]s s'g} af]nkqbftfn] cfkm"n] k]z u/]sf] af]nkq lkmtf{ lng jf ;+zf]wg ug{ rfx]df af]nkq k]z ug{ tf]lsPsf] clGtd ;do ;dfKt x'g'eGbf rf}la; 306f cufj} l;njGbL lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .

-@_ af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] cfkm"n] k]z u/]sf] af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj lkmtf{ lng jf ;+zf]wg ug{ rfx]df ;f] ;DaGwL lgj]bg vfddf l;naGbL u/L To:tf] vfdsf] aflx/L efudf b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v u/L af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ;doleq} ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf k]z ug'{kg]{5 M

-s_ af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfjsf] ljifo,

-v_ af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj cfJxfg ug]{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo jf clwsf/Lsf] gfd / 7]ufgf,

-u_ af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] jf lkmtf{ dfu ul/Psf] ljifo, /

-3_ af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj vf]Ng] lbg / ;dodf dfq vf]Ng' kg]{ A]xf]/f .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] l;naGbL vfd k|fKt x'g

cfPdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf vfd ;'/lIft /fVg' kg]{5 .

148

%!j= af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlwM -!_ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd x'g]5 .

-@_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq;DaGwL

sfuhft jf k|:tfj cfJxfg;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfjsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw pNn]v ubf{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] cjlw pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5M

-s_ b; s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd nfut cg'dfg ePsf] af]nkq jf

k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfjsf] nflu – gAa] lbg -v_ b; s/f]8 ?k}ofF eGbf hlt ;'s} a9L nfut cg'dfg

ePsf] af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfjsf] nflu – Ps ;o la; lbg

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf]] cjlwsf] u0fgf af]nkq k]z

ug]{ clGtd ldltaf6 k|f/De x'g]5 . -$_ pklgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq vf]n]kl5 af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg' kg]{ ePdf ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ cfjZostfg';f/ af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw

a9fpFbf ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfsf] d~h'/L lng' kg]{5 . -^_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw

a9fpg d~h'/ ug]{ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq hdfgtsf]

149

cjlw af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fP hlQs} cjlw a9fpg'' kg]{5 .

-&_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd d~h'/L glbg] af]nkqbftfsf]

hdfgt lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

%!z= af]nkq jf k|:tfj :jLs[t ug]{ cf;osf] ;"rgf lbg] cjlw M ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq jf k|:tfj vf]n]sf] ldltn] b; s/f]8 ¿k}of;Dd nfut cg'dfg ePsf] af]nkq jf k|:tfj eP lt; lbgleq / b; s/f]8 ¿k}ofeGbf a9Lsf] nfut cg'dfg ePsf] af]nkq jf k|:tfj eP k}+tfln; lbgleq af]nkq jf k|:tfj :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

%!if= af]nkq hdfgtM -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/bsf]

k|s[lt cg';f/ ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ ;dfg ¿kn] nfu" x'g]u/L :jLs[t nfut cg'dfg /sdsf] b'O{ b]lv ltg k|ltzt /sdsf] ;Ldfleq /xL lglZrt /sd tf]sL af]nkq cfJxfgsf] ;"rgfdf af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq;fy k]z ug]{ af]nkq hdfgt /sd pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . af]nkqbftfn] gub} jf jfl0fHo a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] ;f] /sd a/fa/sf] af]nkq hdfgt k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq hdfgtsf] dfGo

cjlw af]nkqsf] dfGo cjlweGbf sDtLdf lt; lbg a9Lsf] x'g' kg]{5 .

-#_ s'g} af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq cfXjfg ug]{ ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfonfO{ s'g} vf; jfl0fHo a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] af]nkq hdfgt u|fXo x'g] gx'g] eGg] s'/f

150

v'nfO{ lbg cg'/f]w u/]df To:tf] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;f] ;DaGwdf tTsfn} hjfkm lbg' kg]{5 .

-$_ ljb]zL a}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] af]nkq hdfgt g]kfn leqsf]

jfl0fHo a}sn] k|lt–k|Tofe"lt -sfpG6/ Uof/]G6L_ u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .

-%_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g]

cjlwleq vl/b ;Demf}tf u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 . s'g} sf/0fjz ;f] Dofbleq vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ g;lsg] ePdf /Lt k'u]sf ;a} af]nkqbftfx¿nfO{ af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg kq k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-^_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] kq cg';f/ af]nkqsf] dfGo

x'g] cjlw a9fpg] jf ga9fpg] eGg] ;DaGwdf af]nkqbftfn] lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ . af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw ga9fpg] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq hdfgt hkmt ug{ kfOg] 5}g . af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fpg] af]nkqbftfn] ;f]xL cg'¿k ;DalGwt a}+saf6 dfGo cjlw ;d]t yk u/L af]nkq hdfgt k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L af]nkqbftfn] cjlw yk u/L af]nkq hdfgt k]z gu/]df af]nkqsf] dfGo x'g] cjlw a9fPsf] dflgg] 5}g .

-&_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z u/]sf]] hdfgt b]xfosf] cj:yfdf hkmt x'g]5 M

-s_ af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;dokl5

af]nkq dfGo x'g] cjlwleq af]nkqbftfn] af]]nkq ;+zf]wg ug{ jf lkmtf{ ug{ dfu u/]df,

151

-v_ af]nkqdf b]lvPsf] cÍ ul0ftLo q'l6 ;RofOPsf] s'/f af]nkqbftfn] :jLsf/ gu/]df,

-u_ 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqbftfn] af]nkq;DaGwL

sfuhftdf plNnlvt zt{ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf gu/]df,

-3_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt af]nkqbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{ Dofbleq lbg g;s]df,

-ª_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq k/LIf0fsf] l;nl;nfdf lgod %@ sf] pklgod -%_ adf]lhd dfu u/]sf] s'g} hfgsf/L lbFbf af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqsf] d"No jf ;f/e"t s'/f kl/jt{g u/]df,

-r_ lgod &@ adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f ljk/Lt sfd

u/]df .

-*_ s'g} af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq hdfgt hkmt ePsf] cj:yfdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lghn] /fv]sf] hdfgt /sd cfkm"nfO{ e'QmfgL ug{ To:tf] hdfgt hf/L ug]{ a}+s ;dIf hdfgt dfGo /xg] cjlw leq} bfjL ug'{ kg]{5 .

-(_ lgod ^$ adf]lhdsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DkGg ePkl5

To:tf] vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{ af]nkqbftf tyf pklgod -@_ adf]lhd hdfgt hkmt ug'{ gkg]{ af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq hdfgt ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lkmtf{ ug'{' kg]{5 .

152

-!)_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] o; lgodadf]lhd hkmt ug'{kg]{ af]nkq hdfgt afx]s cGo af]nkq hdfgt vl/b ;Demf}tf ePsf] ltg lbgleq ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug{' kg]{5 .

%!;= af]nkqsf] cfjZos k|lt k]z ug{'kg]{M af]nkqbftf jf

k|:tfjbftfn] k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj k]z ubf{ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft, af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k|:tfj cfJxfg ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePadf]lhdsf] cfjZos k|lt k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

%!x= btf{ lstfj /fVg' kg]{ / ekf{O{ lbg' kg]{M -!_ ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft, af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfjsf] laqmL / btf{sf] clen]v 5'§f 5'§} /fVg' kg]{5 .

-@_ af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftf cfkm}n] jf lghsf]

k|ltlglwn] k"j{of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj k]z ug{ NofPdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] a'emL lnO{ lghnfO{ ldlt / ;do v'n]sf] ekf{O{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] af]nkqsf] aflx/L

vfddf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd btf{ lstfadf btf{ ePsf] btf{ gDa/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

153

-$_ af]nkq laqmL / btf{ x'g] ;do ;dfKt ePkl5 ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t sd{rf/Ln] pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] lstfjdf b:tvt u/L ;f] lstfj aGb ug'{ kg]{5 .

%!If= af]nkqsf] ;'/Iff M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] o;

lgodadf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj ;f] af]nkq vf]Ng] ;do cl3 s;}n] vf]Ng gkfpg] u/L ;'/lIft tj/n] /fVg' kg]{5 .

-@_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkqsf] ;fy k]z

ePsf] gd"gfsf] ljz]iftf af]nkq vf]Ng' cl3 ;fj{hlgs gx'g] u/L uf]Ko / ;'/lIft tl/sfn] /fVg' kg]{5 .

%!q= af]nkq vf]Ng] M -!_ af]nkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ldlt / ;do

;dfKt ePsf] nuQ} ;f]xL lbg af]]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt ;do / :yfgdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] tf]lsPadf]lhd af]nkq vf]Ng' kg]{5 . ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xa/df af]nkq vf]Ng' kg]{5 . t/ af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt gePsf] sf/0fn] dfq af]nkq vf]Ng afwf kg]{5}g .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq vf]Ng' cl3 ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] af]nkqsf] vfd, af]nkq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{sf] nflu lbOPsf] lgj]bgsf] vfd / /Ltk"j{s btf{ ePsf af]nkqsf] vfdnfO{ 5'6\ofO{ Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g

154

cfPsf af]nkq gvf]nL ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L lkmtf{ ubf{ ;f]sf] A]xf]/f, ldlt / ;do ;d]t v'nfO{ vl/b sf/afxLsf] k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .


af]nkq lkmtf{ u/]kl5 af]nkqbftfn] lkmtf{ ug{ dfu u/]sf] af]nkqsf] vfd vf]nL To:tf] af]nkqbftfsf] gfd k9]/ ;'gfpg' kg]{5 / To;kl5 af]nkq ;+zf]wg ug{sf] nflu lbOPsf ;a} vfd vf]nL To:tf vfdleq /x]sf] j]xf]/f k9]/ ;'gfpg' kg]{5 .

-$_] pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] A]xf]/f k9L ;s]kl5 ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] bflvnf ePsf af]nkq qmd} ;Fu vf]nL To:tf] af]nkqsf] b]xfosf] s'/f k9]/ ;'gfO{ ;f]sf] d'r'Nsf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] d'r'Nsfdf pkl:yt af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] b:tvt u/fpg' kg]{5 M

-s_ af]nkqbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ af]nkqsf] saf]n cÍ / k|To]s PsfO{ b//]6, -u_ af]nkqdf s'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] eP

;f]sf] a]xf]/f, -3_ k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zgsf] ljsNk k|:tfj ul/Psf]

eP ;f]sf] saf]n cÍ,

-ª_ af]nkq hdfgt eP jf gePsf],

155

-r_ cÍ / cIf/sflar leGgtf eP ;f] leGgtfsf] ljj/0f,

-5_ af]nkq kmf/fddf af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] x:tfIf/ eP jf gePsf],

-h_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf ;RofOPsf] jf s]/d]6

ul/Psf]df s]/d]6 u/L pNn]v u/]sf] /sd / A]xf]/f,

-em_ af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwn] x:tfIf/ u/]

jf gu/]sf], -`_ af]nkq kmf/fddf af]nkqbftfn] s'g} s}lkmot

pNn]v u/]sf] eP ;f]sf] A]xf]/f / b//]6 ljj/0f dfu u/]sf] eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f, /

-6_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pko'Qm 7fg]sf]

cGo cfjZos s'/f .

-%_ o; lgodadf]lhd af]nkq vf]Nbfsf] ;dodf af]nkq :jLs[t jf c:jLs[t ug]{ lg0f{o ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

%@= af]nkq k/LIf0fM -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgod

%!q adf]lhd vf]n]sf] af]nkq d"NofÍg ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] af]nkq d"NofÍg ug'{

cl3 ;f] ;ldltn] b]xfosf s'/fx¿ lgSof}{n ug{ af]nkqsf] k/LIf0f ug'{kg]{5 M

156

-s_ af]nkqbftf af]nkq k]z ug{ sfg'gadf]lhd of]Uo ePsf]] k'i6\ofO{+ ug]{ sfuhftx¿ k]z eP jf gePsf],

-v_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkqbftfnfO{

lbOPsf] lgb]{zg cg'¿k af]nkq k"0f{ eP jf gePsf]] / af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwsf] ;xL5fk eP jf gePsf],

-u_ af]nkq ;fy hdfgt k]z ug'{kg]{ eP

af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePadf]lhdsf] lsl;d, cjlw / /sdsf] hdfgt ;+nUg eP jf gePsf] /

-3_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt k|fljlws

:k]l;lkms]zg / ;f]xL sfuhftdf ;+nUg vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{cg'¿k af]nkq ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL eP jf gePsf] .

-#_ pklgod -@_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd af]nkqsf]

k"0f{tfsf] k/LIf0f ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fx¿ k/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ af]nkqbftfsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglw jf

:yfgLo Ph]06 nfO{ lbPsf] clVtof/gfdfsf]] sfuhft k]z eP jf gePsf],

-v_ ;+o'Qm pkqmd ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf cfjZos eP ;f] k]z eP jf gePsf],

157

-u_ af]nkqbftfsf] / lghn] pNn]v u/]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] u|fXotf -O{lnlhljln6L_ k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfuhft k]z eP jf gePsf],

-3_ af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf ;DaGwL cfjZos

sfuhft k]z eP jf gePsf], -ª_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftadf]lhd b/ ljZn]if0f

k]z ug'{kg]{ eP To:tf] b/ ljZn]if0f k]z eP jf gePsf] /

-r_ tf]lsPadf]lhdsf cGo s'/f .

-$_ af]nkqsf] k"0f{tfsf] k/LIf0f ubf{ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] pklgod -#_ df pNn]v ePsf s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fsf] k/LIf0f ug'{kg]{5 M

-s_ af]nkqbftf JolQmut ¿kdf jf ;+o'Qm

pkqmdsf] ;fem]bf/sf] ¿kdf Ps eGbf a9L af]nkqdf ;+nUg eP jf gePsf],

-v_ af]nkqbftf lgod &# sf] pklgod -@_ / -#_

adf]lhd vl/b sf/afxLdf efu lng cof]Uo eP jf gePsf],

-u_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo jf

lq=lj=cGtu{tsf lgsfon] tf]s]sf] cGo lgsfoaf6 laqmL ePsf] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkq k]z eP gePsf] /

158

-3_ ;DalGwt JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL cfk}mn] vl/b u/]sf] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft e/L k]z u/] jf gu/]sf] .

-%_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] o; lgodadf]lhd

af]nkqsf] k/LIf0f ug]{ l;nl;nfdf af]nkqbftf;Fu cfjZos hfgsf/L dfUf ug{ ;Sg]5 .


dfu u/]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfn] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 / To;/L hfgsf/L lbFbf af]nkqsf] d"No jf cGo ;f/e"t s'/f kl/jt{g jf x]/km]/ ug{ ;lsg]5}g .

-&_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f eO{ cfXjfg ePsf] af]nkq k/LIf0f

ubf{ af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf k"j{ of]Uotf cg'¿ksf] 5 jf 5}g ;f] k/LIf0f ug'{kg]{5 .

-*_ pklgod -^_ adf]lhd of]Uotf k/LIf0f ubf{ k"j{ of]Uotf

cg'¿ksf] of]Uotf ;f/e"t¿kdf 36L ePsf] kfOPdf To:tf] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq /2 ug'{kg]{5 .

-(_ o; lgodadf]lhd af]nkq k/LIf0f ubf{ af]nkqdf s'g}

cÍul0ftLo q'l6 kfOPdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] q'l6 ;Rofpg ;Sg]5 / To;/L q'l6 ;RofpFbf PsfO b/ / s'n /sddf leGgtf ePdf PsfO b/ dfGo x'g]5 / ;f]xL b/adf]lhd s'n /sd ;Rofpg' kg]{5 .

159

-!)_ af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] /sd cÍ / cIf/df km/s k/]df cIf/df n]lvPsf] /sd dfGo x'g]5 .

-!!_ pklgod -(_ jf -!)_ adf]lhd q'l6 ;RofOPsf]df

To;/L q'l6 ;RofOPsf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

%@s= af]nkq pk/ sf/afxL gx'g]M b]xfosf] /Lt gk'u]sf] af]nkq

pk/ sf/afxL ul/g] 5}g M

-s_ l;naGbL eO{ gcfPsf], -v_ Dofbleq k]z x'g gcfPsf], -u_ lgod %!n adf]lhd lkmtf{ lnPsf] af]nkq, -3_ lgod %@ sf] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd gePsf], -ª_ lgod %@em pklgod -^_ adf]lhd cfk;df ldn]dtf]

u/L bflvnf ePsf af]nkq / -r_ lgod %@ sf] pklgod -*_ adf]lhd /2 ePsf]

af]nkq . %@v= af]nkq d"Nof°g M -!_ lgod %@s adf]lhd sf/afxL gx'g]

egL 5'6\ofOPsf af]nkq afx]s bflvnf ePsf cGo af]nkq d"NofÍgsf] nflu ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 . -@_ af]nkq c:jLsf/ ug{' gkg]{ u/L k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg,

ljj/0f, ljz]iftf cflb h:tf s'/fx¿df ;fgfltgf km/s

160

kfOPdf ;Dej eP;Dd ;f]sf] d"No lgsfnL To:tf] d"No ;d]t pklgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq d"NofÍg ubf{ ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;fgfltgf km/ssf] d"No

af]nkqbftfsf] af]n cÍsf] kGw| k|ltzteGbf a9L ePdf To:tf] af]nkq ;f/e"t¿kdf ck|efju|fxL ePsf] dflgg]5 / To:tf] af]nkqnfO{ d"NofÍgdf ;dfj]z ul/g]5}g .

:ki6Ls/0fM o; lgodsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æ;fgfltgf

km/sÆ eGgfn] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, ljj/0f cflb h:tf s'/f;Fu tflTjs ¿kdf leGg gx'g] km/s ;Demg'k5{ .

-$_ k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0f u/L af]nkq cfXjfg ul/Psf]

cj:yfdf k"j{ of]Uo ePsf af]nkqbftfafx]s cGo af]nkqbftfaf6 k|fKt af]nkqnfO{ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd x'g] d"NofÍgdf ;dfj]z ul/g] 5}g .

-%_ af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v

ePsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf cg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 / To;/L d"NofÍg ubf{ k|To]s af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd csf]{ af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd;Fu t'ngf u/L Go"gtd af]n cÍ sa'n ug]{ af]nkq lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-^_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd Go"gtd af]n cÍ sa'n ug]{

af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf af]nkq;DaGwL

161

sfuhftdf plNnlvt of]Uotf d"NofÍgsf cfwf/ cg'¿k eP gePsf] hfFr ug'{ kg]{5 .

-&_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd Go"gtd af]n cÍ sa'n ug]{

af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf pklgod -%_ adf]lhd hfFr ubf{ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt of]Uotf d"NofÍgsf cfwf/ cg'¿k ePsf] kfOPdf To:tf] af]nkq Go"gtd d"NoflÍt ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkq dflgg]5 . o;/L hfFr ubf{ To:tf] af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt d"NofÍgsf cfwf/ cg'¿k ePsf] gkfOPdf lghsf] af]nkq d"NofÍgaf6 x6fO qmdzM csf]{ Go"gtd af]n cÍ sa'n ug]{ af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotfsf] hfFr ;f]xL cfwf/df ug'{ kg]{5 .

-*_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] pklgod -^_ adf]lhd Go"gtd

d"NoflÍt ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkqsf] d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf ;d]t v'Ng] u/L d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

%@u= af]nkqsf] d"Nof°g M -!_ cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] af]nkqdf

af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf af]nkqsf] d"No ljleGg d'b«fdf pNn]v ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf ePdf To:tf] af]nkqx¿sf d"NonfO{ ;f]xL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] ljlgdob/ / d'b|fcg';f/ Pp6} d"Nodf kl/jt{g u/L af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg / t'ngf ug'{ kg]{5 .

162

-@_ af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg / t'ngf ubf{ d"No clej[l4 s/ jfx]ssf] saf]n cÍ sfod u/L t'ngf ug'{kg]{5 .

-#_ k|rlnt P]g jf o; lgoddf Joj:yf ul/P adf]lhd

jfx]s s'g} af]nkqbftf jf cflwsfl/s ¿kdf lg0f{o k|s[ofdf ;+nUg gePsf cGo s'g} JolQmnfO{ af]nkqsf] k/LIf0f, To:tf] k/LIf0f ug]{ l;nl;nfdf af]nkqbftf;Fu dfu ul/Psf] hfgsf/L jf k|fKt hfgsf/L, d"NofÍg tyf t'ngf;Fu ;DalGwt hfgsf/Lx¿ lbg kfOg] 5}g .

-$_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] lgod %@v sf] pklgod -!_

adf]lhd d"NofÍgsf] nflu ;dfj]zePsf af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ To:tf] af]nkqsf] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf cg';f/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkqsf] k|fljlws, Jofkfl/s / cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-^_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]lvt If]q, u'0f:t/,

ljz]iftf, zt{, sfo{ ;Dkfbg jf cGo s'g} cfjZostfdf tflTjs km/s / ulDe/ c;/ gkg]{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ :jLsfo{ ;fgfltgf km/s ePsf af]nkqx¿nfO{ ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkq dflgg]5 / To:tf af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ nfutdf s'g} k|efj kg]{ ePdf To:tf] k|efjsf] d"No ;dfg cfwf/df sfod u/L af]nkqsf] saf]n cÍdf ;dfof]hg u/L af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd lgsfNg' kg]{5 .

163

-&_ pklgod -^_ / lgod %@3 %@ª / %@r adf]lhd lgsflnPsf] af]nkqsf] d"NoflÍt /sd af]nkqsf] t'ngf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq k|of]u x'g]5 / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] d"Nodf ;dfj]z ug{ kfOg] 5}g .

-*_ af]nkqsf] d"n k|lt / k|ltlnlk k|ltdf d"No jf cGo

s'g} s'/fdf leGgtf kfOPdf d"n k|ltdf pNn]v ePsf] d"No jf s'/f dfGo x'g]5 .

-(_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] pklgod -^_ adf]lhdsf] ;fgfltgf

km/ssf] d"No sfod ubf{ ;DalGwt sfdsf] nfut cg'dfg jf k|rlnt ahf/ d"No jf Aofh b/sf] cfwf/df sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] nfut cg'dfg, k|rlnt ahf/ d"No jf Aofh b/ lglZrt gePsf] cj:yfdf ;f]xL cfO6dsf] cGo ;f/e"t ¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkqdf pNn]v ePsf] d"Nosf] cf};tsf cfwf/df sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .

-!)_ o; lgodadf]lhd sfod ul/g] d"Nosf] cf}lrTosf]

;DaGwdf af]nkqbftf;Fu k/fdz{ ug'{ x'Fb}g . %@3= af]nkqsf] k|fljlws kIfsf] d"Nof°g M -!_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn]

lgod %@u sf] pklgod -%_ adf]lhd af]nkqsf] k|fljlws kIfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fsf] d"NofÍg ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] If]q,

164

-v_ d'Vo d'Vo dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg / sfo{ ;~rfng tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbg -ck/]l6Ë P08 kkm{d]G;_ ljz]iftfx¿ /

-u_ jf/]lG6sf] ;dofjlw . -@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkq;DaGwL

sfuhftdf plNnlvt s'/f / af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] s'/fdf s'g} leGgtf kfOPdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ;f] leGgtf;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] leGgtfsf] d"No

af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePadf]lhdsf] cfwf/ / tl/sfadf]lhd u0fgf u/L sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .

%@ª= af]nkqsf] Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"Nof°g M -!_ lgod %@3

adf]lhd af]nkqsf] k|fljlws kIfsf] d"NofÍg ePkl5 d"NofÍ+g ;ldltn] To:tf] af]nkqsf] lgod %@u sf] pklgod -%_ adf]lhd Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ b]xfosf s'/fsf] d"NofÍg ug{' kg]{5 M

-s_ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jf cfk"lt{ jf

;DkGg ug]{ cjlw, -v_ e'QmfgLsf] zt{, -u_ af]nkqbftfn] ;dodf sfd ;DkGg gu/] afkt ltg'{

kg]{ k"j{lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ tyf ;do cufj} sfo{ ;DkGg u/] afkt kfpg] af]g;,

165

-3_ k|Tofe"lt ;DaGwL af]nkqbftfsf] bfloTj, -ª_ af]nkqbftfn] k'/f ug'{kg]{ bfloTj, -r_ af]nkqbftfn] k|:tfljt vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGo s'g} zt{

yk u/]sf] eP To:tf] zt{ . -@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkq;DaGwL

sfuhftdf plNnlvt s'/f / af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf pNn]v u/]sf] s'/f hfFrL s'g} leGgtf kfOPdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ;f] leGgtf;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] leGgtfsf]

d"No sfod ubf{ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf adf]lhd u0fgf u/L sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .

%@r= af]nkqsf] cfly{s kIfsf] d"Nof°g M -!_ lgod %@3 / %@ª

adf]lhd af]nkqsf] k|fljlws / Jofkfl/s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ePkl5 To:tf] af]nkqsf] cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd cfly{s kIfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{

k|fljlws / Jofkf/Ls kIfsf s'/fx¿ dWo] cfjZos s'/fx¿sf] / cfjZostfg';f/ b]xfosf s'/f ;d]tsf] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf adf]lhd d"No lgwf{/0f u/L af]nkqsf] d"Nof+lÍt /sd sfod ug'{ kg]{5 M

166

-s_ cfGtl/s 9'jfgL vr{, -v_ k|fljlws ljz]iftf .

-#_ pklgod -@_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd k|fljlws ljz]iftfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf plNnlvt vl/b ;DaGwL Go"gtd b/, Ifdtf jf k|ltkmn -cfp6k"6_ eGbf a9L b/, Ifdtf jf k|ltkmnsf] af]nkq k]z ePsf]df d"NofÍg ;ldltn] Go"gtd b/, Ifdtf jf k|ltkmnsf] dfq d"NofÍg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf :jb]zL dfn;fdfg /

:yfgLo lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg] s'/f pNn]v ePsf]df af]nkqsf] cfly{s kIf d"NofÍg ubf{ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] :jb]zL dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ lbOg] k|fyldstfsf] /sd u0fgf u/L To:tf] /sd ljb]zL af]nkqbftfsf] saf]n cÍdf hf]8L d"NoflÍt cÍ sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .

-%_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] af]nkq d"NofÍg ubf{ af]nkqbftfn]

l;kmfl/; u/]sf] hu]8f kf6{k"hf{sf ;DaGwdf ljrf/ ug'{ xF'b}g .

%@5= lgdf{0f sfo{sf] af]nkqsf] ljz]if d"Nof°g M -!_ lgdf{0f

sfo{sf] af]nkq d"NofÍg ubf{ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] lgod %@3, %@ª / %@r df plNnlvt s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fsf] d"NofÍg ug'{ kg]{5 M

167

-s_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] sfo{ of]hgf, sfo{ ;Dkfbg tflnsf / kl/rfng ;do af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] eP jf gePsf],

-v_ af]nkqbftfn] lan ckm SjflG66Ldf ;+nUg cfO6dsf]

nflu pNn]v u/]sf] k|lt PsfO b/ ljZj;gLo eP jf gePsf] ,

-u_ saf]n cÍ b]xfosf] sf/0fn] c;Gt'lnt eP jf

gePsf] M

-!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] k|f/lDes r/0fdf ug'{kg]{ sfdsf] cfO6dsf] nflu af]nkqbftfn] c:jfefljs pRr b/ pNn]v u/]sf]n], jf

-@_ af]nkqbftfn] lan ckm SjflG66Lsf] s'g} cfO6ddf

Go"g cg'dfg ePsf] egL ljZjf; u/]sf] cfO6dsf] nflu lghn] c:jfefljs pRr b/ pNn]v u/]sf]n] .

-@_ pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf jf

af]nkqbftfn] ;Gtf]ifhgs ¿kdf sfd ;DkGg ug{ g;Sg] u/L Go"g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] If]q jf k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg unt ¿kdf a'emL jf ga'emL c:jfefljs Go"g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] jf k|f/lDes r/0fdf ul/g] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] nflu a9L b/n] pNn]v u/]sf] -k|mG6 nf]l8Ë_ 5 5}g eGg] s'/f d"NofÍg ;ldltn] hfFr ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L Go"g saf]n cÍ pNn]v u/]sf] cj:yfdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn]

168

o:tf] af]nkqbftf;Fu b/ ljZn]if0f ;lxtsf] :ki6Ls/0f dfu ug'{ kg{]5 .

-#_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd dfu]sf]

:ki6Ls/0f ;Gtf]ifhgs ePdf To:tf] af]nkqbftf;Fu lghsf] saf]n cÍsf] cf7 k|ltztn] x'g] /sd a/fa/sf] yk sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt lnO{ af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ l;kmfl/; ug{ / To:tf] :ki6Ls/0f ;Gtf]ifhgs gePdf To:tf] af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{ ljZjljBfno / o; cGtu{tsf lgsfonfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd lnOPsf] yk sfo{ ;Dkfbg

hdfgt clGtd lan e'QmfgL ePkl5 lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . %@h= k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{M d"NofÍg ;ldltn] lgod %@,

%@v,%@u, %@3, %@ª, %@r / %@5 adf]lhd u/]sf] k/LIf0f tyf d"NofÍgsf] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f / b]xfosf s'/f v'nfO{ ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f] k|ltj]bg d"NofÍg sfo{ ;'? u/]sf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleqdf ljZjljBfno / o; cGtu{tsf lgsfodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 M -s_ af]nkqbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ af]nkqbftfx¿sf] s"n saf]n /sd / d'b|f, -u_ lgod %@ sf] pklgod -(_ / -!)_ adf]lhd q'l6

;RofOPsf] eP To:tf] q'l6 ;RofO{ sfod ePsf] s"n saf]n /sd / d'b|f,

169

-3_ af]nkqbftfn] s'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] s'/f cfly{s k|:tfj vf]n]sf] d'r'Nsfdf pNn]v ePsf] eP d"NofÍg ;ldltn] To;/L 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] /sd ;dfof]hg u/]sf] s'/f,

-ª_ lgod %!5 sf] pklgod -@_ sf] v08 -r_ adf]lhd

af]nkq t'ngf ug{ k|of]u ePsf] d'b«f / plNnlvt ldltsf] ljlgdo b/sf] cfwf/df sfod ePsf] /sd,

-r_ lgod %@ sf]] pklgod -@_, -#_, -$_,-%_ / -&_

adf]lhd k/LIf0f ubf{ kfOPsf cfwf/x¿, -5_ lgod %@v sf] pklgod -*_ adf]lhd Go"gtd

d"NoflÍt ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkqsf] d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ / tl/sf .

%@em= af]nkq c:jLs[t ug]{ jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ug]{ M -!_

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b]xfosf] cj:yfdf ;Dk"0f{ af]nkq c:jLs[t ug{ jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ug{ ;Sg]5 M

-s_ s'g} klg af]nkq lgod %@ sf] pklgod -@_ sf] v08

-3_ adf]lhd ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf, -v_ lgod %@` pklgod -^_ adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof ckgfpbf

klg af]nkqbftf;Fu ;Demf}tf x'g g;s]df, -u_ Go"gtd d"NoflÍt ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkqsf]

af]n cÍ nfut cg'dfgeGbf ;f/e"t¿kdf a9L ePdf, jf

170

-3_ dfu ul/Psf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf cfjZos gePdf .

-@_ pklgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

sDtLdf ltgsf] ;ª\Vofdf af]nkq ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL ePdf dfq :jLs[ltsf] k|lqmofdf cufl8 a9fpg ;lsg]5 .

-#_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd

af]nkq c:jLs[t ePsf] jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ePsf] sf/0f ;lxtsf] ;"rgf ;a} af]nkqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd ;"rgf lbPsf] lt; lbgleq s'g}

af]nkqbftfn] ;a} af]nkq c:jLs[t ePsf]] jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ePsf]] cfwf/sf] hfgsf/L dfu u/]df lghnfO{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .

-%_ af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ s'g} af]nkq gk/L jf pklgod -

!_ adf]lhd ;Dk"0f{ af]nkq c:jLs[t jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 eO{ k'gM af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ To;/L af]nkq c:jLs[t jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 x'gfsf] sf/0fsf] ;dLIff u/L cfjZostfg';f/ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, nfut cg'dfg tyf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x¿df x]/km]/ ;d]t ug'{ kg]{5 .

-^_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

s'g} af]nkqbftfn] cfk;df ldn]dtf] u/L af]nkq

171

bflvnf u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf To:tf af]nkqx¿ /2 x'g]5g\ .

-&_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg

c:ktfnsf] pkrf/df k|of]u x'g] pks/0fx?, ltgsf sGh'd]jn, k|of]uzfnfsf d]l;gx?df k|of]u x'g] /;fog -l/Ph]G6_ 6]:6 ls6, /]l8of]nf]hLsf pks/0fdf nfUg] lkmNdx? / cf}ifwLx?sf] s]xL jf]nkqx? jf Pp6f dfq af]nkq ;f/e't ?kdf k|efjsf/L ePsf] ePtfklg ;f] af]nkq :jLs[t ug{ afwf k¥'ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .

%@`= af]nkqsf] :jLs[lt / vl/b ;Demf}tf M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g

jf lgsfon] lgod %@v adf]lhd Go"gtd d"NoflÍt ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkq dfq :jLs[ltsf] nflu 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq 5gf}6 ePsf] ;ft

lbgleq ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfnfO{ lghsf] af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . To;/L 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf / /sdsf] hfgsf/L cGo af]nkqbftfnfO{ ;d]t lbg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf lbPsf] ;ft lbgsf]

cjlwleq s'g} af]nkqbftfn] lgod ^! adf]lhd lgj]bg gu/]df pklgod -!_ adf]lhd 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq :jLs[t u/L lghnfO{ kGw|


172

lbgleq vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{sf] nflu sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf ug{ ;"rgf lbg'' kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ sf] cjlwleq ;DalGwt af]nkqbftfn]

sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt bflvnf u/L lgod ^$ adf]lhdsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{' kg{]5 . o;/L hdfgt bflvn ubf{ jf]nkqbftfn] nfut cg'dfg eGbf k|Gw k|ltzt;Dd sd cª\s sj'n u/]df sj'n cª\ssf] kfFr k|ltzt / nfut cg'dfgsf] kGw| k|ltzt eGbf a9L 36]/ sj'n u/]sf] cj:yfdf k|Gw| k|ltzt eGbf hlt /sdn] 36L sjf]n u/]sf] 5 ;f]sf] krf; k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sd sj'n cª\ssf] kfFr k|ltztdf yk u/L sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt jfkt bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .

-%_ pklgod -#_ sf] cjlwleq sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt

bflvnf u/L af]nkqbftf ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf lghsf] af]nkqsf] hdfgt /sd hkmt u/L ;f]eGbf nuQ} kl5sf] csf]{ Go"gtd d"NoflÍt ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq :jLs[t u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{' kg{]5 .

-^_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkqbftf klg sfo{ ;Dkfbg

hdfgt bflvnf u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf To;kl5sf] Go"gtd d"NoflÍt ;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL af]nkqbftfsf] af]nkq qmdzM :jLs[t u/L lghnfO{ o; lgodadf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ ;"rgf lbg' kg{]5 .

173

-&_ af]nkq :jLs[lt / vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL sfd ;dfGotofM lgod %!j adf]lhdsf] af]nkqsf] dfGo cjlw leq ;DkGg u/L ;Sg'kg]{5 .

-*_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf lbPsf] lt; lbgleq

af]nkq c:jLs[t ePsf] s'g} af]nkqbftfn] lghsf] af]nkq c:jLs[t ePsf]]]] sf/0fsf] hfgsf/L dfu u/]df lghnfO{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .

%@6= af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/L M -!_ b]xfosf] /sdsf] af]nkq

:jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/ b]xfosf clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 M

-s_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'v÷sfo{;ldlt,

-v_ ltg s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] 8Lg÷sfof{Gjog ;ldlt, -u_ rf/ s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] /lhi6«f/, -3_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Ddsf] pks'nklt / -ª_ kfFr s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf dfly sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\ . -@_ s'g} clwsf/Ln] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd af]nkq cfkm}n]

:jLs[t ug{ gldNg] ePdf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 .

%@7= dfn;fdfgsf] gd"gf M -!_ af]nkq d"NofÍg x'Fbf c;kmn

ePsf] af]nkqbftfn] cfkm"n] k]z u/]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] gd"gf

174

lkmtf{ lng ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo ;dIf vl/b ;Demf}tf ePsf] ;ft lbgleq lnlvt ¿kdf cg'/f]w ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd cg'/f]w ePsf]df To:tf]

dfn;fdfgsf] gd"gf k/LIf0fdf gi6 gePsf] eP 9'jfgL ug{] / Kofs]lhª ug{] nufotsf ;Dk"0f{ vr{ af]nkqbftfn] g} a]xf]g]{ u/L To:tf] gd"gf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lghnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ :jLs[t af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfn] k]z u/]sf]

dfn;fdfgsf] gd"gfsf] cfk"lt{ ul/g] dfn;fdfg;Fu t'ngf ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq d"NofÍg ;ldltaf6 k|dfl0ft u/fO{ ;'/lIft /fVg' kg]{5 .

%@8= b'O{ r/0fsf] af]nkq M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf b'O{ r/0fdf

af]nkq cfJxfg ug{ ;lsg]5 M

-s_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] k|fljlws kIf jf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x¿ af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{sf avt k"0f{ ¿kdf olsg ug{ ;Dej gePdf, jf

-v_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] k|s[lt

hl6n eO{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;f]sf ljleGg k|fljlws kIf jf vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL ;d:of s] s;/L ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ljifodf / To:tf k|fljlws kIf / ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ tyf To;af6

175

x'g] kmfObfsf ;DaGwdf af]nkqbftf;Fu 5nkmn ug{' k/]df .

-@_ o; lgodadf]lhd k|yd r/0fsf] af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{

af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf vl/bsf] p2]Zo, ck]lIft sfo{ ;Dkfbg, df]6fdf]6L :k]l;lkms]zg, cGo df]6fdf]6L ljz]iftf,af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 / af]nkqbftfn] af]nkqdf d"No vf]Ng' gkg]{, k|fljlws k|:tfj / k|:tfljt vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{sf ;DaGwdf l6Kk0fLdfq k]z ug'{kg]{ s'/f pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 .


u/]sf] af]nkq cfXjfg adf]lhd k|fKt af]nkqsf ;DaGwdf s'g} jf ;a} af]nkqbftf;Fu 5nkmn ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-$_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] af]nkqsf ;DaGwdf

pklgod -#_ adf]lhd ePsf] 5nkmn ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b]xfo adf]lhdug{ ;Sg]5 M

-s_ vl/b ;DaGwdf k'/f ug'{ kg{] cfwf/e"t zt{x¿ -

a]l;s l/Sjfo/d]06_ k'/f ug{ jf Go"gtd sfo{;Dkfbg ug{ jf lgwf{l/t cjlwleq sfo{{ ;DkGg ug{ g;Sg] jf To:tf zt{x¿ k'/f ug{ jf sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ jf lgwf{l/t cjlwleq} sfo{ ;DkGg ug{sf] nflu ;+zf]wg ug{ g;Sg] jf cGo s'g} sdhf]/L eO{ k|efju|fxL gePsf] af]nkq;DaGwL k|:tfj /2 ug]{,

176

-v_ k|lt:kwf{ clej[l4 ug{ k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg, d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{df x]/km]/ jf ;'wf/ ug]{,

-u_ af]nkqbftfaf6 k]z ePsf ljleGg ljsNkx¿sf]

pko'Qmtf lgwf{/0f ug{ d"NofÍg k4lt lgwf{/0f ug]{ .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;dfKt ePkl5

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] bf]>f] r/0fdf af]nkq cfXjfg ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] af]nkq cfXjfg ubf{ ;f]xL pklgodadf]lhd af]nkq /2 gePsf af]nkqbftfnfO{ kl/dflh{t af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft cg'¿k d"No ;lxtsf] af]nkq k]z ug{ cfXjfg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-^_ o; lgoddf n]lvP afx]s pklgod -%_ adf]lhd ul/g]

bf];|f] r/0fsf] af]nkq;DaGwL sf/afxL o;} kl/R5]bdf plNnlvt Joj:yf cg'¿k ug'{ kg]{5 .

177

kl/R5]b–!# k/fdz{ ;]jf ;DaGwL Joj:yf

%#= k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon]

b]xfosf] cj:yfdf s'g} JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M -s_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf pknAw hgzlQmaf6

s'g} sfd x'g g;Sg] ePdf, jf -v_ bft[kIf;Fusf] ;Demf}tfadf]lhd j}b]lzs ;xfotf

;|f]taf6 Joxf]l/g] u/L k/fdz{bftfaf6 ;]jf k|fKt ug'{kg]{ ePdf .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug'{ kbf{

o; vl/b lgodadf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k'/f u/L vl/b ug'{' kg]{5 .

%$= sfo{ If]qut zt{ tof/ ug'{kg]{ M ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug{sf] nflu b]xfosf s'/f ;lxtsf] sfo{ If]qut zt{ tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ k/fdz{bftfn] ug'{kg]{ sfdsf] k[i7e"ld / p2]Zo, -v_ k/fdz{bftfsf] sfo{If]q / lghn] ;Dkfbg ug'{kg]{ sfd,


178

-u_ sfd;Fu ;DalGwt cWoog tyf cfwf/e"t tYofÍ pknAw eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f,

-3_ k/fdz{bftfn] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ s'g} 1fg jf zLk x:tfGt/0f ug{' kg]{ eP ;f] ;DaGwL ljj/0f,

-ª_ tflnd k|bfg ug'{kg]{ eP tflnd lbg' kg]{ sd{rf/Lsf] ;ª\Vof,

-r_ k/fdz{bftfsf] d'Vo hgzlQmsf] sfd tyf of]Uotf /

lghn] ug'{kg]{ sfdsf] nflu nfUg] cg'dflgt ;do, -5_ k/fdz{bftfn] sfd ;'? ug]{ / ;Dkfbg ul/;Sg' kg]{

;do, -h_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k/fdz{bftfnfO{ pknAw

u/fpg] ;"rgf, ef}lts ;'ljwf, pks/0fsf] ljj/0f / -em_ k/fdz{bftfn] k]z ug'{kg]{ k|ltj]bg, tYofÍ, gS;f, ;e]{

k|ltj]bg cflbsf] ljj/0f . %%= v'nf¿kdf cfzokq dfu u/L ;ª\lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug'{kg]{ M

-!_ b; nfv ?k}+ofFeGbf a9L d"Nosf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 ;f] ;DaGwL cfzokq ;ª\sng ug{ sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ /fli6«o:t/sf] ;dfrf/kqdf b]xfoadf]lhdsf s'/fx¿ v'nfO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fdfGotof ltg s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sdsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] cfzokq dfu ug'{ kg]{5 .

179

-s_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfljt sfd jf cfof]hgfsf] ;fdfGo ljj/0f, -u_ k|:tfljt sfdsf] vr{ Joxf]g]{ ;|f]t, -3_ cfzokqbftfsf] of]Uotf / -ª_ cfzokqbftf kmd{ jf sDkgL eP .

-!_ kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] ljj/0f, ;ª\u7g / sd{rf/L, -@_ b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L kmd{ jf sDkgLn] ;d"x,

;ª\u7g jf ;+o'Qm pkqmdsf] ¿kdf k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg] eP To:tf kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ljj/0f tyf d'Vo eO{ sfd ug]{ kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] gfd,

-#_ ljut kfFr jif{df ;DkGg u/]sf] ;dfg k|s[ltsf]

sfd / :yfgsf] ljj/0f / -$_ k|:tfljt sfo{df ;+nUg x'g] k|d'v hgzlQmsf]

j}olQms ljj/0f . -r_ JolQmut k/fdz{bftfsf] xsdf ljut ltg jif{df

;DkGg u/]sf] ;dfg k|s[ltsf] sfd / :yfgsf] ljj/0f tyf lghsf] j}oltms ljj/0f,

-5_ k|:tfljt sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ nfUg] cg'dflgt ;do,

180

-h_ ;ª\lIfKt ;"rLdf k/]sf JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLaf6 dfq k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ;DaGwL k|:tfj dfu ul/g] s'/f,

-em_ cfzokqbftfn] k]z ug'{kg]{ sfuhftx¿, -`_ cfzokq tof/ ug]{ lgb]{zg / cfzokq k]z ug]{

clGtd ldlt tyf :yfg / -6_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo;Fu ;Dks{ ug]{ 7]ufgf /

;Dks{ JolQm . -@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfosf] jf ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] jf ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nosf] j]e ;fO{6df /fVg ;lsg]5 .

-#_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] cfzokq dfu ug{'

kg]{5 M

-s_ tf]lsPsf] /sdeGbf a9L /sdsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df,

-v_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] dfu cg'¿ksf] k/fdz{ ;]jf

k|lt:kwf{Tds d"Nodf g]kfn /fHoleqsf PseGbf a9L k/fdz{bftfaf6 k|fKt x'g g;Sg] ePdf,

181

-u_ k/fdz{ ;]jfsf nflu /fli6«o:t/df k|:tfj dfu ubf{ s'g} k|:tfj gk/L ljb]zL k/fdz{bftfaf6 ;]jf lng' kg]{ ePdf jf

-3_ bft[kIf;Fusf] ;Demf}tfadf]lhd j}b]lzs ;xfotf

;|f]taf6 Joxf]l/g] u/L cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] cfzokq dfu u/L k/fdz{bftfaf6 ;]jf k|fKt ug'{kg]{ ePdf .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] cfzokq dfu ubf{ cª\u|]hL

efiffdf ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg{]5 . -%_ cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] cfzokq dfu ubf{ ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Lsf] l:js[lt lng' kg]{5 .

-^_ pklgod -!_ jf -#_ adf]lhd kg{ cfPsf cfzokq

bftfsf]]]] of]Uotf, cg'ej / Ifdtf ;d]t d"NofÍg u/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg ;Sg] ;fwf/0ftof ltgb]lv 5 cfzokqbftfsf] tf]lsPadf]lhd 5gf}6 u/L ;ª\lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-&_ cGt/{fli6«o:t/sf] cfzokqbftfsf] 5gf}6 ubf{

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ljleGg d'n's, k[i7e"ld / Ps :yfgLo Ph]G6 /x]sf] kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

182

-*_ tf]lsPsf] /sdeGbf sd /sdsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ug'{ kbf{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof k'/f u/L To:tf] k/fdz{ ;]jf lbg ;Sg] JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLsf] ;"rL tof/ ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;f]xL ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLx¿dWo]af6 tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof k'/f u/L lgod %^ adf]lhd k|:tfj dfu ug'{ kg]{5 .

-(_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf adf]lhd cfzokq k]z

gug]{ Voflt k|fKt k/fdz{bftf;Fu ;Dks{ u/L lghsf] gfd ;ª\lIfKt ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-!)_ o; lgodadf]lhd cfzokqbftfsf] 5gf}6 ubf{ jf

pklgod -(_ adf]lhd gfd ;dfj]; ubf{ sDtLdf ltg j6f cfzokqbftf 5gf}6 x'g g;s] ljZjljBfno / o; cGtu{tsf lgsfon] k'gM ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L cfzokq dfu ug'{ kg]{5 .

-!!_ pklgod -!)_ adf]lhd bf];|f] k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{

klg sDtLdf ltg j6f cfzokq 5gf}6 x'g g;s]df 5gf}6 ePsf hlt cfzokqbftfsf] dfq ;"rL sfod ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-!@_ o; lgodadf]lhd tof/ ePsf] ;"rLsf] hfgsf/L

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfzokq k]z ug]{ ;a} cfzokqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

%^= k|:tfj dfu ug]{ M -!_ lgod %% adf]lhd ;ª\lIfKt ;"rL

tof/ ePkl5 ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;f] ;ª\lIfKt ;"rLdf

183

k/]sf cfzokqbftfx¿nfO{ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft x'nfs, s'l/o/, Od]n jf JolQm dfkm{t k7fO{ sDtLdf lt; lbgsf] ;do lbO{ lghx¿af6 k|:tfj dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L k7fOg] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] s'g} z'Ns nfUg] 5}g .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf

b]xfosf s'/fx¿ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ vl/b ug'{kg]{ ;]jfsf] k|s[lt, ;]jf k|bfg ug'{kg]{

cjlw, :yfg, ;]jfsf] sfo{If]qut zt{x¿, ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ sfo{ / ck]lIft kl/0ffd,

-u_ k|:tfj tof/ ug{ k|:tfjbftfx¿nfO{ lgb]{zg, -3_ k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfj cnu cnu vfddf

/fvL l;naGbL u/L k|To]s vfdsf] aflx/ s'g k|sf/sf] k|:tfj xf] ;f] :ki6¿kn] pNn]v u/L b'j} k|:tfjnfO{ csf]{ 5'§} vfd aGbL u/L dfu ul/Psf] ;]jfsf] ljifo pNn]v ug'{kg]{ s'/f,

-ª_ k|fljlws tyf cfly{s d"NofÍg ef/, -r_ k|:tfj d"NofÍg / t'ngf ug]{ cfwf/ / cÍ ef/, -5_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf zt{x¿, -h_ k|:tfj k]z ug'{ kg]{{] :yfg, ldlt / ;do,

184

-em_ k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug]{ ljlw, -`_ :jfy{ aflemg] ePdf k|:tfj pk/ sf/afxL gx'g]

s'/f / e|i6frf/ jf hfn;fhL u/]df x'g] sfg'gL sf/afxL ;DaGwL hfgsf/L /

-6_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sf/afxL

ubf{ u/]sf] q'l6 jf lg0f{o lj?4 k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu k|:tfjbftfn] lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] Joj:yf .

-#_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pklgod -@_ df plNnlvt

s'/fsf cltl/Qm ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b]xfosf s'/fx¿ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ k|:tfj dfu kq, -v_ k|:tfjbftfn] k|:tfj u/]sf] k|d'v hgzlQmn]

cfk\mgf] xfn;fn}sf] j}olQms ljj/0f ;To / k"0f{ /x]sf] s'/f k|dfl0ft u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ A]xf]/f,

-u_ k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofÍg u/]kl5 dfq cfly{s

k|:tfj vf]lng] s'/f, -3_ k|fljlws k|:tfjdf k|:tfjbftfn] k|fKt ug'{kg]{

pQL0ff{Í, -ª_ k|:tfjbftfn] ;DalGwt sfdsf] nflu cfˆgf] 5'§}

sfo{ of]hgf tyf hgzlQm k|:tfa ug{ ;Sg] jf g;Sg],

185

-r_ k|:tfjbftfn] sfo{If]qut zt{df l6Kk0fL ug{;Sg] jf g;Sg] /

-5_ k|:tfljt sfo{ ug{ cfjZos kg]{ /sd a]xf]g]{

;|f]t .

-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pklgod -@_ sf] v08 -r_ adf]lhd k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{ cfwf/x¿ pNn]v ubf{ k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf s'g} jf ;a} cfwf/ cfjZostf cg';f/ v'nfpg' kg]{5 M

-s_ k/fdz{bftfn] ug'{kg]{ sfd ;DaGwL

k/fdz{bftfsf]] cg'ej, -v_ k/fdz{bftfn] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ k|:tfljt tl/sf

-d]yf]8f]nf]hL_ sf] u'0f:t/, -u_ k|:tfljt d'Vo hgzlQmsf] of]Uotf, -3_ 1fg tyf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0fsf] Joj:yf / -ª_ cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf]] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sfd ;Dkfbg

ug{ k|:tfljt d'Vo g]kfnL hgzlQmsf] ljj/0f .

-%_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pklgod -@_ sf] v08 -em_ adf]lhd k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug]{ ljlw pNn]v ubf{ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 b]xfoadf]lhdsf

186

ljlwx¿dWo] s'g ljlwsf] cfwf/df x'g] xf] ;f] A]xf]/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ u'0f:t/ / nfut ljlw, -v_ u'0f:t/ ljlw, -u_ lglZrt ah]6 ljlw jf -3_ Go"g nfut ljlw .

-^_ pklgod -%_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg vl/b ug'{kg]{ k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|s[lt c;fdfGo ¿kn] hl6n ePsf] jf To:tf] ;]jfn] /fli6«o cy{tGq jf efjL kl/of]hgfdf pNn]vgLo k|efj kfg{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 k"0f{tM u'0f:t/ ljlwsf]] cfwf/df tf]lsPadf]lhd ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-&_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k|:tfj ;DaGwL

sfuhftdf k|:tfj d"NofÍg sf] cÍef/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

-*_ pklgod -&_ adf]lhd cÍef/ pNn]v ubf{ b]xfo

adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 u'0f:t/ / nfut ljlw ckgfO{ ul/g] ePdf sfdsf] k|s[lt / hl6ntfcg';f/ k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfjsf] s"n cÍef/ Ps;o x'g] u/L / To:tf] s"n cÍef/ dWo]

187

k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] s"n cÍef/ ;Q/Lb]lv gAa] / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] cÍef/ lt;b]lv b;;Dd x'g] u/L lgwf{/0f ug{' kg]{5 .

-v_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 u'0f:t/ ljlw, lglZrt ah]6

ljlw / Go"g nfut ljlw ckgfO{ ul/g] ePdf k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] s"n cÍef/ Ps;o x'g] u/L lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-(_ lglZrt ah]6 ljlwaf6 k/fdz{bftfsf] 5gf}6 ug{ k|:tfj cfJxfg ubf{ pknAw ah]6 k|:tfjdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

-!)_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf k/fdz{bftfsf] 5gf}6 ug{ cÍef/ pNn]v ubf{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b]xfoadf]lhdsf] cÍsf] ;Ldf ggf£g] u/L sfdsf] k|s[lt / hl6ntfcg';f/ pko'Qm cÍ pNn]v ug{'kg]{5 M

-s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] vf; sfdsf] s"n cÍsf]

b; cg'ej k|ltzt;Dd

-v_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ tl/sf / s"n cÍsf] sfo{ If]qut zt{ k|ltsf] aL;b]lv k|efju|fxLtf krf; k|ltzt;Dd

-u_ d'Vo d'Vo hgzlQmsf] of]Uotf s"n cÍsf] / cg'ej tL;b]lv ;f7L k|ltzt;Dd

188

-3_ k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f jf tflnd s"n cÍsf] b;

k|ltzt;Dd -ª_ :jb]zL hgzlQmsf] ;xeflutf s"n cÍsf]

b; k|ltzt;Dd --------------

- hDdf s"n cÍ !))

-!!_ pklgod -!)_ sf] v08 -ª_ df plNnlvt cÍef/ /fli6«o:t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf nfu" x'g] 5}g .

-!@_ pklgod -!)_ df plNnlvt ;a} d"NofÍg sf

cfwf/nfO{ ltg j6f pk–cfwf/df ljefhg u/L ;f] jfktsf] cÍ;d]t lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-!#_ pklgod -&_ adf]lhd cÍef/ pNn]v ubf{ pQL0ff{Í

;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 . %^s= df}h'bf ;"rLdf k/fdz{bftfaf6 k|:tfj dfu u/L k/fdz{ ;]jf

lng ;lsg]M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b;nfv ?k}ofFeGbf sd /sdsf] k/fdz{ ;]jf cfˆgf] sfof{nodf tof/ ul/Psf] df}h'bf ;"rLdf /x]sf k/fdz{bftfaf6 lnlvt ¿kdf k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfj dfu u/L vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|:tfj dfu ubf{ ;Dej eP;Dd

5 j6f / sDtLdf ltg j6f k/fdz{bftfnfO{ k|:tfj

189

;DaGwL sfuhft k7fO{ k|fljlws / cfly{s 5'§f 5'§} vfddf dfu ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍg ljlw u'0f:t/

/ nfut ljlw cg';f/ 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 . %^v= k|:tfj tof/ ug{ lbOg] lgb]{zgdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{ s'/fM lgod

%^ pklgod -@_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] k|:tfj tof/ ug{ k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbOg] lgb]{zgdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ k|fljlws k|:tfj / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] 9fFrf, -v_ k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfj tof/ ug]{ / k]z ug]{ t/Lsf, -u_ sfd slt r/0fdf k'/f x'g] xf] / yk sfd lbg ;lsg]

g;lsg] s'/f, -3_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftsf ;DaGwdf k|:tfjbftfn] s'g}

hfgsf/L lng' kg]{ eP To:tf] hfgsf/L lng ;lsg] tl/sf,

-ª_ k|:tfljt sfdsf] s'g} c+z k/fdz{bftfn] ;a–

sG6«ofS6df lbg ;Sg] g;Sg] s'/f, -r_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pknAw u/fpg] ;"rgf,

;]jf, pks/0f ;DaGwL hfgsf/L,

190

-5_ k|:tfj k]z ug'{ cl3 k|:tfjbftfsf] a}7s x'g] gx'g] s'/f,

-h_ k|:tfj dfGo x'g] cjlw, -em_ k|:tfljt vl/b sf/afxLcGtu{t ;[hgf x'g] s'g}

dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{, lgdf{0f sfo{,cGo ;]jf jf k/fdz{ ;]jf ;DaGwL sfd k/fdz{bft[ kmd{ jf lgh;Fu ;Da4 JolQm ;+:yfnfO{ lbFbf k|:tfljt k/fdz{ ;]jf;Fusf] :jfy{ aflemg ;S5 eGg] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ nfu]df To:tf] k|:tfjbftf jf JolQmnfO{ To:tf] sfd lbg g;lsg] s'/f /

-`_ k|:tfjbftf / lghsf] hgzlQmn] ltg{' kg]{ s/ jf/]sf]

hfgsf/L / k|:tfjbftfn] s/ jf cGo s'g} ljifodf yk hfgsf/L lng rfx]df lghn] ;Dks{ ug'{kg]{ cflwsfl/s cGo lgsfo,

-6_ k|:tfjsf] efiff, -7_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k|:tfj ;DaGwL

sfuhft ;+zf]wg ug]{ sfo{ljlw, -8_ k|:tfj k]z ug]{ tl/sf, -9_ k|:tfj vf]Ng] tl/sf, -0f_ uf]klgotf ;DaGwL zt{ .

191

%û= k|:tfj 5gf}6 ljlwM -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b]xfosf] sfdsf] nflu k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/b ubf{ u'0f:t/ ljlw 5gf}6 u/L vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5M -s_ b]zsf] cfly{s jf If]qut cWoog, ax'If]qLo -dN6L

;]S6/n_ ;DefJotf cWoog, 3fts kmf]x/d}nf Aojl:yt ug]{ Pj+ tx nufpg] ;+oGqsf] l8hfOg, ;x/L u'?of]hgfsf] l8hfOg, ljlQo If]q ;'wf/ h:tf k/fdz{bftfaf6 ck]lIft sfo{ :ki6¿kdf olsg ug{ g;lsg] k|s[ltsf] / ljZjljBfno / o; cGtu{tsf lgsfon] k/fdz{bftfaf6 vf]hk"0f{ k|:tfjsf] ck]Iff u/]sf] sfd,

-@_ n]vfk/LIf0f, ;fdfGo OlGhlgo/LË l8hfOg tyf vl/b

Ph]G6 h:tf /fd|/L cEof; eO;s]sf, lgoldt k|s[ltsf / sd nfut nfUg] sfdsf nflu Go"g nfut ljlw 5gf}6 ug{ ;lsg]5 .

%^3= k|:tfj vf]Ng] M -!_ k|:tfj bflvnf ug]{ clGtd Dofb ;dfKt

ePkl5 k|:tfjbftfaf6 k|fKt k|:tfjsf] aflx/L vfd vf]nL k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfjsf l;naGbL vfd 5'6\ofpg' kg]{5 .

-@_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd

k|:tfj vf]Nbf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df vf]Ng' kg]{5 . t/ k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt gePsf] sf/0fn] k|:tfj vf]Ng afwf kg]{ 5}g .

192

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd 5'6\ofOPsf vfdx¿dWo] klxn] k|fljlws k|:tfj vf]Ng' kg]{5 / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] vfd gvf]nL ;'/lIft;fy 5'§} /fVg' kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|:tfj vf]Ng' cl3 ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf] k|:tfjsf] vfd / /Ltk"j{s btf{ ePsf k|:tfjsf] vfdnfO{ 5'6\ofO{ Dofb gf3L k|fKt x'g cfPsf k|:tfj gvf]nL ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L lkmtf{ ul/Psf] s'/f, ldlt / ;do ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b sf/afxLsf] k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

-%_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd k|:tfj lkmtf{ u/]kl5 ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] /Ltk"j{s btf{ ePsf k|:tfjsf] aflx/L vfd qmd};Fu vf]nL ;f] vfd;Fu /x]sf] k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] vfd vf]nL b]xfosf s'/f k9]/ ;'gfO{ ;f]sf] d'r'Nsf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfjdf k|:tfjbftfsf] x:tfIf/ eP gePsf,] -u_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf ;RofOPsf] jf

s]/d]6 u/]sf]df k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwn] x:tfIf/ u/] gu/]sf],

-3_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pko'Qm 7fg]sf]

cGo cfjZos s'/fx¿ .

193

-^_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] d'r'Nsfdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pkl:yt k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] b:tvt u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-&_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhd vf]lnPsf] k|fljlws k|:tfj

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ozflz3| d"NofÍg ;ldltdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-*_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd 5'6\ofOPsf] cfly{s k|:tfjsf]

vfd lgod %^ª adf]lhd k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofÍg u/]kl5 dfq vf]Ng' kg]{5 .

%^ª= k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"Nof°g ug]{ tl/sfM -!_ k|fljlws

k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] d"NofÍgsf] cfwf/ adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 . k|fljlws k|:tfj d"NofÍg ubf{ d"NofÍg ;ldltsf k|To]s ;b:on] 5'§f 5'§} ¿kdf lgod %^ sf] pklgod -!)_ df plNnlvt cfwf/ adf]lhd d"NofÍg u/L k|:tfjbftfn] k|fKt u/]sf] cÍ olsg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd cÍ olsg ePkl5 ;f] ;ldltsf]

k|To]s ;b:on] k|bfg u/]sf] cÍ u0fgf u/L ;f] ;ldltn] To:tf] k|:tfjn] k|fKt u/]sf] cf};t cÍ lgsfNg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd d"NofÍg kl5 d"NofÍg

;ldltn] lgod %^ sf] pklgod -!#_ adf]lhdsf] pQL0ff{Í k|fKt ug{] k|:tfjbftfx¿sf] ;"rL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

194

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rL tof/ ubf{ pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug{] k|:tfjbftfb]lv s|d};Fu tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-%_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgsf] sfo{

;dfKt gx'~h]n cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng x'Fb}g . -^_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf /x]sf k|:tfjbftfsf]

dfq lgod %^h adf]lhd cfly{s k|:tfj vf]lng]5 . -&_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g g;s]sf

k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj gvf]nL ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

%^r= d"Nof°g k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{kg]{ M -!_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] lgod

%^ª adf]lhdsf] d"NofÍg ;DaGwL sf/afxL kl5 k|:tfjsf] u'0f:t/ ;DaGwdf k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/fx¿

;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] clwsf/ k|fKt k|ltlglwsf]

;lx5fk eP jf gePsf], -u_ k|:tfjbftf k|:tfj k]z ug{ sfg'gadf]lhd of]Uo

ePsf] k'i6\ofO{ ug]{ sfuhftx¿ k]z eP jf gePsf],

195

-3_ ;+o'Qm pkqmd ;DaGwL ;Demf}tf cfjZos eP ;f] k]z eP jf gePsf],

-ª_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf k|:tfjbftfnfO{

lbOPsf] lgb]{zg cg'¿k k|:tfj k"0f{ eP jf gePsf], /

-r_ k|To]s k|:tfjsf] ;fk]lIfs ;antf, b'a{ntf /

d"NofÍgsf] kl/0ffd .

%^5= k|fljlws k|:tfj d"Nofª\s ubf{ 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftfnfO{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{ M -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgod %^ª sf] pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng] :yfg, ldlt / ;do pNn]v u/L ;f] ldlt / ;dodf pkl:yt x'g ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|:tfjbftfnfO{ pkl:yt x'g

;"rgf lbFbf /fli6«o:t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf ;ft lbg / cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pQL0ff{Í k|fKt gug]{ k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lghsf] k|fljlws

k|:tfj 5gf}6 x'g g;s]sf] sf/0f v'n]sf] ;"rgf ;lxt lghsf] cfly{s k|:tfj lkmtf{ lbg' kg]{5 .

%^h= cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng]M -!_ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgaf6

of]Uo ePsf k|:tfjbftfsf] dfq cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng' kg]{5 . d"NofÍg ;ldltn] cfly{s k|:tfjsf] vfd vf]Nbf k|:tfjbftf

196

jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] pkl:yltdf vf]Ng' kg]{5 t/ k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt gePsf] sf/0fn] cfly{s k|:tfj vf]Ng afwf kg]{ 5}g .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd cfly{s k|:tfjsf] vfd vf]n] kl5

d"NofÍg ;ldltn] k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd, lghn] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf k|fKt u/]sf] cÍ / cfly{s k|:tfjdf k|:tfj u/]sf] ;]jf z'Ns k9]/ ;'gfO{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] d'r'Nsf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ k|:tfjbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ k|:tfljt ;]jf z'Ns, -u_ k|:tfljt ;]jf z'Nsdf s'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj

ul/Psf] eP ;f]sf] a]xf]/f, -3_ cÍ / cIf/sf lar leGgtf eP ;f] leGgtfsf]

ljj/0f, -ª_ cfly{s k|:tfjdf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf]

k|ltlglwsf] x:tfIf/ eP gePsf], -r_ cfly{s k|:tfjdf s'g} s'/f jf A]xf]/f s]/d]6 u/]sf]

eP ;f] 7fpFdf k|:tfjbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwn] x:tfIf/ u/] gu/]sf] tyf s]/d]6 u/]sf] /sd / A]xf]/f,

-5_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pko'Qm 7fg]sf] cGo

cfjZos s'/fx¿ .

197

%êm= cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"Nof°g M -!_ lgod %^h adf]lhd vf]lnPsf] cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ u'0f:t/ / nfut ljlw

ckgfOPsf]df k|fljlws k|:tfj / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] ;+o'Qm d"NofÍg u/L ;a}eGbf a9L cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj tf]lsPadf]lhd 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-v_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ u'0f:t/ ljlw ckgfOPsf]df

k|fljlws k|:tfjdf pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftfsf] dfq k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-u_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ lglZrt ah]6 ljlw ckgfOPsf]df To:tf] ah]6sf] ;LdfeGbf a9L nfut ePsf]] k|:tfj /2 ul/g]5 / To:tf] ah]6sf] ;Ldfleq k/L k|fljlws k|:tfjdf pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-3_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ Go"g nfut ljlw ckgfOPsf]df

k|fljlws k|:tfjdf ;kmn x'g tf]lsPsf] Go"gtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftfx¿dWo] ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhftdf cGoyf pNn]v ul/Psf]df

afx]s cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg k|of]hgsf] nflu ;f] k|:tfjdf d"No clej[l4 s/ afx]s k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd k/fdz{bftfnfO{ nfUg] s/ tyf k/fdz{bftfsf] e|d0f, ;DalGwt sfuhftsf] cg'jfb, k|ltj]bg 5kfO{ jf lz/f]ef/ vr{ h:tf ;f]wegf{ x'g]

198

vr{ ;d]t lghsf] ;]jf z'Nsdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] dflgg]5 .

-#_ d"Nof°g ;ldltn] k|To]s k|:tfjbftfsf] cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ k|:tfjdf s'g} cÍ ul0ftLo q'l6 kfOPdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] q'l6 ;Rofpg ;Sg]5 / To;/L q'l6 ;Rofp+bf PsfO b/ / s"n /sddf leGgtf ePdf PsfO b/ dfGo x'g]5 / ;f]xL b/ adf]lhd s"n /sd ;Rofpg' kg]{5 . To;/L q'l6 ;RofO{Psf] ePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-$_ k|:tfjbftfn] cfly{s k|:tfjdf pNn]v u/]sf] /sd cÍ / cIf/df km/s k/]df cIf/df n]lvPsf] /sd dfGo x'g]5 .

-%_ k|:tfljt saf]n cÍdf k|:tfjbftfn] s'g} 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] s'/f cfly{s k|:tfj vf]n]sf] d'r'Nsfdf pNn]v ePsf] eP d"NofÍg ;ldltn] To;/L 5'6 lbg k|:tfj ul/Psf] /sd ;dfof]hg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-^_ pklgod-#_, -$_ / -%_ adf]lhdsf] d"NofÍg kl5 ;a} k|:tfjbftfsf] sfod x'g cfPsf] saf]n cÍsf] ;"rL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

%^`= k|:tfjbftfsf] 5gf}6 M -!_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ u'0f:t/ / nfut ljlw ckgfOPsf] ePdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] b]xfo adf]lhd k|fljlws / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg u/L ;kmn k|:tfjbftfsf] 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ d"NofÍg ul/g] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] k|fKtfÍnfO{ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] nflu 5'6\ofO{Psf]

199

cÍef/n] u'0fg u/L k|fKt u'0fgkmnnfO{ Ps ;on] efu ubf{ cfpg] efukmnsf] cÍ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] v'b k|fKtfÍ x'g]5 .

-v_ k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgaf6 ;kmn ePsf k|:tfjx¿ dWo] ;a}eGbf 36L saf]n cÍnfO{ cfly{s k|:tfjsf] nflu 5'6\ofO{Psf] cÍef/n] u'0fg u/L k|fKt u'0fgkmnnfO{ d"NofÍg ul/g] k|:tfjbftfsf] saf]n cÍn] efu ubf{ cfpg] efukmnsf] cÍ cfly{s k|:tfjsf] v'b k|fKtfÍ x'g]5 .

-u_ k|fljlws k|:tfj / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] v'b k|fKtfÍ hf]8L ;+o'Qm d"NofÍg ubf{ ;a} eGbf a9L cÍ kfpg] k|:tfjbftf ;kmn x'g] x'Fbf lghnfO{ 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

pbfx/0f M -!_ k|fljlws k|:tfjnfO{ 5'6\ofOPsf] s"n cÍef/=*) lgwf{l/t pQL0ff{Í Nofpg] s, v / u k|:tfjbftfn] k|fljlws k|:tfjdf kfPsf] cÍ M

s= () v= *% u= *)

pko'{Qm cÍsf] cfwf/df k|fljlws k|:tfjdf kfpg] cÍ u0fgf ug]{ tl/sf M

s= () X *) = &@ !))

v= *% X *) = ^* !))

u= *) X *) = ^$ !))

-@_ cfly{s k|:tfjnfO{ 5'6\ofOPsf] cÍef/ = @)

200

k|fljlws k|:tfjdf ptL0f{ ePsf s, v / u k|:tfjbftfn] cfly{s k|:tfjdf saf]n u/]sf] /sd M

s= $,%),))).– v= $,#),))).– u= $,@),))).–

t;y{ ;j}eGbf 36L saf]n u/]sf] /sd = $,@),))).–

pko'{Qm cÍsf] cfwf/df cfly{s k|:tfjdf kfpg] cÍ u0fgf ug]{ tl/sf M

s= $,@),))) X @) = !*=^^ $,%) )))

v= $,@),))) X @) = !(=%# $,#) )))

u= $,@),))) X @) = @)=))

$,@) )))

-#_ k|fljlws k|:tfj / cfly{s k|:tfjsf] ;+o'Qm d"NofÍgaf6 kfpg] s"n cÍ ljj/0f M

k|:tfjbftf k|fljlws k|:tfjsf] v'b k|fKtfÍ

cfly{s k|:tfjsf] v'b k|fKtfÍ

s"n cÍ s}lkmot

s &@ !*=^^ ()=^^ ;a} eGbf a9L s"n cÍ kfpg] k|:tfjbftf æsÆ 5gf}6 ug'{kg]{ .

v ^* !(=%# *&=%# u ^$ @)=)) *$

201

-@_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ u'0f:t/ ljlw ckgfOPsf] ePdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn]] lgod %êm sf] pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd k|fljlws k|:tfjdf pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftfsf] dfq 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ lglZrt ah]6 ljlw ckgfOPsf]

ePdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] lgod %êm sf] pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd To:tf] ah]6sf] ;LdfeGbf a9L nfut ePsf] k|:tfj /2 ug]{5 / To:tf] ah]6sf] ;Ldfleq k/L k|fljlws k|:tfjdf pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ k|:tfjsf] 5gf}6 ug{ Go"g nfut ljlw ckgfOPsf]

ePdf d"NofÍg ;ldltn] lgod %êm sf] pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -3_ adf]lhd k|fljlws k|:tfjdf ;kmn x'g lgwf{l/t Go"gtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ k|:tfjbftfdWo] ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj 5gf}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-%_ o; lgodadf]lhd 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftf;Fu jftf{

ug'{kg]{ ePdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] k|:tfjbftfnfO{ ldlt, ;do / :yfg vf]nL jftf{ ug{ cfpg ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .

%^6= k/fdz{ ;]jf ;DaGwL k|:tfj :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/L M -!_

b]xfosf] k/fdz{ ;]jf ;DaGwL k|:tfj :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/ b]xfosf clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5M

-s_ ltg nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'v÷sfo{ ;ldlt,

202

-v_ b; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] 8Lg÷ sfof{Gjog ;ldlt, -u_ la; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] /lhi6«f/, -3_ krf; nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] pks'nklt, / -ª_ krf; nfv ?k}ofFeGbf dfly sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\ . -@_ s'g} kbflwsf/Ln] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k/fdz{ ;]jf

;DaGwL k|:tfj :jLs[t ug{ gldNg] ePdf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 .

%^7= k|:tfj c:jLs[t ug]{ / vl/b sf/afxL /2 ug]{ M -!_ b]xfosf

cj:yfdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;Dk"0f{ k|:tfj c:jLs[t ug{ jf vl/b sf/afxL /2 ug{ ;Sg]5 M

-s_ k|fKt ;Dk"0f{ k|:tfj sfo{If]qut zt{x¿cg';f/

;f/e"t¿kdf k|efju|fxL gePdf, -v_ nfut cg'dfg / pknAw ah]6eGbf 5gf}6 ePsf]]

k|:tfjbftfsf] nfut ;f/e"t¿kdf a9L ePdf, -u_ k/fdz{ ;]jf cfjZos gkg]{ ePdf, jf -3_ k|:tfjbftfn] cfk;df ldn]dtf] u/L k|:tfj lbPsf]

k|dfl0ft ePdf . t/ ldn]dtf] gu/]sf k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj pk/

sf/afxL ug{ ;lsg]5 .

203

%^8= k|:tfjbftf;“u jftf{ M -!_ lgod %êm adf]lhd 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftf;Fu sfo{ If]qut / k|:tfljt ;]jfsf] sfo{If]q, k|ult k|ltj]bg, ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ ;'ljwfsf ljifodf jftf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-@_ lgod %êm sf] pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_ sf]

cj:yfdf afx]s cfly{s k|:tfjsf ;DaGwdf k]zfljb\x¿sf] kfl/>lds ;DaGwdf jftf{ x'g ;Sg] 5}g . t/ zf]wegf{ x'g] k|s[ltsf vr{ ;DaGwdf jftf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-#_ o; lgodadf]lhd jftf{ ubf{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo /

k|:tfjbftf b'a}nfO{ :jLsfo{ x'g] ;xdlt xfl;n x'g g;s]df ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgod %êm sf] pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ sf] k|:tfjssf] xsdf To;kl5sf] pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ / v08 -3_ sf] k|:tfjsf] xsdf To;kl5sf] ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] csf]{ k|:tfjbftf;Fu qmd};Fu jftf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

%^9= vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{ M -!_ lgod %^8 adf]lhd ePsf]

jftf{df ;xdltdf k'u]sf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t ug{sf] nflu 5gf}6 ul/g]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|:tfj 5gf}6 ePsf] ;ft

lbgleq ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To;/L 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t ug]{ cfzosf] ;"rgf ;DalGwt k|:tfjbftfnfO{ / ;"rLdf k/]sf cGo k|:tfjbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

204

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd ;"rgf lbPsf] ;ft lbgleq s'g} k|:tfjbftfn] lgod ^! adf]lhd lgj]bg gu/]df pklgod -!_ adf]lhd 5gf}6 ePsf] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t ul/g] 5 / lghnfO{ ;Demf}tf ug{ cfpg kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq lgh ;Demf}tf ug{

pkl:yt ePdf lghn] lgod ^$ adf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 / pkl:yt gePdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgod %êm sf] pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_ / -u_ sf] k|:tfjssf] xsdf To;kl5sf] pRrtd cÍ k|fKt ug]{ / v08 -3_ sf] xsdf ;a}eGbf sd nfut ePsf] csf]{ k|:tfjbftf;Fu qmd};Fu lgod %^8 adf]lhd jftf{ u/L lgod ^$ adf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 .

%^0f= ;f]e}m jftf{af6 M ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ pkof]uL

/ cfjZos kg]{ tflnd, uf]i7L / ;]ldgf/ h:tf ljifodf ;]jf lng k/]df Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] k/fdz{ ;]jfdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v cfk}mn] / ;f]eGbf dflysf] /sdsf] xsdf /lhi6«f/af6 :jLs[lt lnO{ ;f]e}m jftf{af6 vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 .

%^t= cGo ljlw M b]xfosf] ca:yfdf s'g} k/fdz{bftfnfO{ of]Uotfsf] cfwf/df lgo'Qm ug{ ;lsg]5 M

-s_ s'g} sfd ug{ pRr :t/sf] ljz]if1tf cfjZos k/]df jf,

-v_ k/fdz{ 5f]6f] ;dosf] nflu cfjZos k/]df jf k/fdz{bftf lgo'Qm ug{] ;do Go"g ePdf jf,

205

-u_ cfjZos sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ s]xL k/fdz{bftf dfq of]Uo ePdf jf,

-3_ k/fdz{bftfsf] 5gf}6 ug{ w]/} ;do nfUg] eO{ ;do

ckof{Kt ePdf .

206

kl/R5]b–!$ vl/b;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf

%&= l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf M Θ-!_ ;+u7g jf lgsfon] :jLs[t sfo{qmd / vl/b of]hgf cg';f/ aL; nfv ?k}ofF ;Dd nfut cg'dfg ePsf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf h'g;'s} ;]jf P]gsf] bkmf $) adf]lhd l;naGbL b/efpkq cfJxfg u/L vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-!s_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP

tfklg krf; nfv ?k}ofF ;Ddsf] PS;/], Ol;hL, cf}lifwhGo dfn;fdfg, /f]usf] lgbfg tyf pkrf/sf] nlfu k|of]u x'g] :jf:Yo;DaGwL pks/0fx? vl/b ubf{ l{;naGbL b/efpkq cfJxfg u/L vl/b ug{ \;lsg]5 .

-@_ l;naGbL b/efpkq dfu ug'{ cl3 vl/b ug]{

dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] :k]l;lkms]zg, u'0f:t/, kl/df0f, cfk"lt{sf zt{x¿ / ;do tyf cGo cfjZos s'/fx¿sf] ljj/0f :ki6¿kdf pNn]v u/L l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] kmf/fd tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] kmf/fddf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] pklgod -@_ df plNnlvt s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v ug'{kg]{5M


Θ @)&# ;fn kf}if @) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg @)&# ;fn kf}if @) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk

207

-s_ cfk"lt{ ug'{kg]{ dfn;fdfg, ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ lgdf{0f sfo{ jf k|bfg ug'{kg]{ ;]jfsf] ljj/0f,

-v_ l;naGbL b/efpkqbftfsf] of]Uotf -lgdf{0f vl/b

afx]s_ -u_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt cfjZos kg]{ eP ;f] s'/f, -3_ l;naGbL b/efpkq dfGo /xg] cjlw, -ª_ l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fddf b/efpkqbftfn]]

/Ltk"j{s ;xL5fk u/]sf]]] x'g' kg]{ s'/f, -r_ l;naGbL b/efpkq d"NofÍg ug]{ tl/sf, -5_ dfn;fdfgsf] xsdf jf/G6L ;DaGwL bfloTj /

lgdf{0f sfo{sf] xsdf q'l6 ;Rofpg] cjlw;Ddsf] bfloTj .

-$_ pklgod -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd kmf/fd tof/ ePkl5

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] l;naGbL b/efpkq dfu ubf{ /fli6«o:t/sf] ;dfrf/kq / ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo jf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] j]j;fO6df sDtLdf kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] ;"rgfdf b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ l;naGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd kfOg] :yfg / ;f]

jfkt nfUg] b:t'/,

208

-v_ hdfgt cfjZos kg]{ eP ;f]sf] lsl;d, /sd / ;dofjlw,

-u_ l;naGbL b/efpkq k7fpg] tl/sf, -3_ l;naGbL b/efpkq k7fpg' kg]{ sfof{no jf

clwsf/Lsf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -ª_ l;naGbL b/efpkq bflvnf ug'{kg]{ clGtd ldlt

/ ;do, -r_ l;naGbL b/efpkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg / -5_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx¿ .

-%_ Psk6s k]z ePsf] l;naGbL b/efpkq lkmtf{ jf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

-^_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ ltgeGbf

sd l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z x'g cfPdf jf b/efpkq k]z g} gePdf ;f] ;DaGwdf s'g} s'/f pNn]v gu/L ;f]xL pklgodadf]lhd bf];|f] k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-&_ pklgod -^_ adf]lhd bf];|f] k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{

klg cfjZos ;ª\Vofdf l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z x'g gcfPdf k]z x'g cfPsf b/efpkqdWo]af6 b/efpkq :jLs[t ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g .

209

-*_ l;naGbL b/efpkq k]z ug{ OR5's JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf

jf sDkgLn] ΘPsxhf/ ?k}ofF lt/L ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfoaf6 b/efpkqsf] kmf/fd vl/b u/L ;f]xL kmf/fddf l;njGbL b/efpkq k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-(_ pklgod -*_ adf]lhdsf] b/efpkqsf] kmf/fddf

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt eO{ 5fk nfu]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .

-!)_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] l;naGbL b/efpkqsf]

hdfgt dfu ubf{ :jLs[t nfut cg'dfg /sdsf] b'O{b]lv ltg k|ltzt /sdsf] ;Ldfleq /xL lglZrt /sd tf]sL l;naGbL b/efpkq dfusf] ;"rgfdf hdfgt /sd pNn]v ug{'kg]{5 . o:tf] hdfgt /sd gub jf jfl0fHo a}+saf6 krxQ/ lbgsf] dfGo cjlw /xg] u/L hf/L ePsf] a}+s hdfgt-a}+s Uof/]G6L_ l;naGbL b/efpkq lbg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] l;naGbL b/efpkq;fy k]z ug{' kg]{5 .

-!!_ l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] dfGo cjlw k+}tfln; lbgsf]

x'g]5 . -!@_ l;njGbL b/efpkq k]z ug]{ clGtd ;do ;lsPsf]

nut} ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] l;njGbL b/efpkq cfJxfgsf] ;"rgfdf tf]lsPsf] :yfgdf ;Dej eP;Dd l;njGbL b/efpkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xj/df l;njGbL b/efpkq kmf/fd vf]Ng' kg]{5 .


210

-!#_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] l;naGbL b/efpkqsf] k/LIf0f / d"NofÍg ug]{{5 .

-!$_ pklgod -!@_ adf]lhd l;njGbL b/efpkq vf]n]sf]

ldltaf6 kGw| lbgleq ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf zt{x¿ k'/f u/L nfut cg'dfgleq k/]sf] Go"gtd d"NoflÍt b/efpkq :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;a} l;njGbL b/efpkqbftfnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-!%_ pklgod -!$_ adf]lhd l;njGbL b/efpkq :jLs[t

ePsf]] ;ft lbgleq ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;DalGwt b/efpkqbftfnfO{ vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ cfpg ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .

Θ-!^_pklgod -!%_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf k"/f ug{ l;njGbL

b/efpkqbftfn] ;f] ;"rgf kfPsf] ldltn] ;ftlbg leq lgod !!) adf]lhdsf] sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt k]z u/L vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{kg]{ 5 .

-!&_ l;njGbL b/efpkqbftfn] pklgod -!)_ adf]lhd

/fv]sf] hdfgt b]xfosf] cj:yfdf hkmt x'g]5 M

-s_ 5gf}6 ePsf] l;njGbL b/efpkqbftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tf gu/]df,


211

-v_ l;njGbL b/efpkq kmf/fddf plNnlvt sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{ Dofb leq lbg g;s]df /

-u_ lgod &@ adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f ljk/Lt sfd

u/]df .

-!*_ l;njGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlw kl/R5]b !! df plNnlvt Joj:yf adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .

-!(_ l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf

tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 . %*= ;f]e}m vl/b ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s}

s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] cj:yfdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] dfn;fdfg jf k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf ;f]e}m vl/b ug{ jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ;f]e}m u/fpg ;Sg]5 M

-s_ b]xfosf] /sd;Ddsf] k'm6s/ vl/bdf,

-!_ kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd nfut cg'dfg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{,

-@_ ltg nfv ?k}ofF;Dd nfut cg'dfg ePsf]

dfn;fdfg jf k/fdz{ ;]jf . -v_ vl/b ;DaGwL zt{x¿ k'/f ug]{ k|fljlws bIftf jf

Ifdtf Pp6f dfq cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfos;Fu ePdf,

212

-u_ vl/b ul/g] dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug]{ clwsf/ Pp6f dfq cfk"lt{stf{;Fu ePsf] / cGo pko'Qm ljsNk gePdf,

-3_ df}h'bf dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf jf hl8t ;+oGqsf]

kf6{k"hf{sf] k|lt:yfkg jf lj:tf/ ug{ cfk"lt{stf{ jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfos kl/jt{g u/]df ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf /x]sf] dfn;fdfg jf ;]jfx¿ k|lt:yfkg jf lj:tf/ ug{ g;lsg] s'/f k|dfl0ft eO{ ;fljssf] cfk"lt{stf{ jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfosaf6 tf]lsPsf] ;Ldfleqsf] k|f]k|fO6/L :j¿ksf] cltl/Qm dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df,

-ª_ k"jf{g'dfg ug{ g;lsPsf] sf/0fn] ;'? ;Demf}tfdf

;dfj]z gePsf] / ;'? ;Demf}tfaf6 cnu u/L ;DkGg ug{ k|fljlws jf cfly{s sf/0fn] sl7gfO{ x'g] eO{ tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ;Ldfleqsf] cTofjZos lgdf{0f sfo{{, dfn;fdfg, k/fdz{ ;]jf jf cGo ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df, jf

-r_ ;DalGwt sfdsf] nflu s'g} ljlZfi6 -o'lgs_ of]Uotf

ePsf] vf; k/fdz{bftfsf] ;]jf tTsfn cfjZostf ePdf jf ;fljssf] k/fdz{bftfaf6 g} ;]jf lng' kg]{ ckl/xfo{ sf/0f ePdf .

-5_ ljZjljBfnosf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] csf]{ ;fj{hlgs

lgsfo;Fu s'g} vl/b ug'{ k/]df, -h_ cGt/f{li6«o cGt/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf;Fu ;f] ;+:yfn] tf]s]sf]

b//]6df dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf vl/b ug'{ k/]df /

213

-em_ ljz]if kl/l:ytldf vl/b ug'{ k/]df . -@_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_, -ª_ / -r_ adf]lhd vl/b ubf{ sfo{sf/L kl/ifbaf6 lg0f{o ePadf]lhd vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ;f]e}m vl/b ug'{ kbf{ ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfˆgf] cfjZostf / u'0f:t/, kl/df0f, cfk"lt{sf] zt{ / ;do ;DaGwL ljz]if s'/fsf] tf]lsPadf]lhd lnlvt ljj/0f tof/ u/L lnlvt b//]6 jf k|:tfj Ps dfq cfk"lt{stf{ jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfos;Fu dfu u/L cfjZostfg';f/ jftf{ u/L vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .

t/ o;/L vl/b ubf{ o; lgodadf]lhd s'g}

clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[lt lng'kg]{ ePdf k"j{ :jLs[lt lnP/ / ;Demf}tf u/]/ dfq vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

g]kfndf pTkflbt kGw| nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] dfn;fdfg pTkfbsaf6 vl/b ubf{ ;f]em} vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-%_ pklgod -!_ / -$_df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

Ps cfly{s aif{df Ps} k6s jf k6s–k6s u/L ;LdfeGbf a9L /sdsf] jf Pp6} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfaf6 Ps k6seGbf a9L ;f]em} vl/b ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

214

-^_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] vl/bsf] xsdf ;+/rgfTDfs jf PsfO{ b/ ;Demf}tf u/L ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

-&_ pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd cfk"lt ug]{ clwsf/

Pp6f dfq cfk"lt{stf{;Fu ePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf k|f]k|fO6/L dfn;fdfg ;f] cfk"lt{stf jf lghsf cflwsfl/s las]|tf jf cflwsfl/s Ph]G6 dfkm{t vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-*_ pklgod -&_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g}

;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ cfaZos kg]{ dfn;fdfgsf] pTkfbs g]kfndf Pp6f dfq ePsf] / cGo pko'Qm ljsNk gePdf vl/b ug]{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'vn] ;f]xL A]xf]/f clen]v u/L pTkfbs;Fu ;f]em} vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-(_ pklgod -$_ /-*_ adf]lhd pTkfbsaf6 ;f]em} vl/b

ubf{ b]xfosf zt{x¿ k'/f u/]sf] pTkfbsaf6 ug'{ kg]{5 M -s_ To:tf] pTkfbsn] cfˆgf] pTkfbgsf] v'b|f tyf

l8n/ lalqm d"No ;"rL /fli6«o:t/sf] ;dfrf/kqdf k|sfzg u/]sf],

-v_ To:tf] pTkfbsn] :yfgLo l8n/nfO{ lbP ;/xsf]

5'6 vl/b ug]{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ lbPsf] .

-!)_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] klRr; xhf/ ?k}ofF eGbf a9L /sdsf] ;f]em} vl/b ubf{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g

215

jf lgsfon] ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L df}h'bf ;"rLdf /x]sf sDtLdf ltgj6f cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfosaf6 lnlvt¿kdf b/efpkq jf k|:tfj dfu u/L vl/b ug'{ kg]{5 .

-!!_ pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] k|f]kfO6/L

dfn;fdfg ;f]em} vl/b ubf{ ;fljs ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] lt; k|ltzt d"No;Dd vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-!@_ pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -s_ / -ª_ sf] cj:yfdf afx]s

cGo v08sf] cj:yfdf ul/Psf] ;f]em} vl/bsf] xsdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] vl/bsf] k|s[lt, sf/0f / cfwf/ ;lxt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfossf] gfd v'nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-!#_ pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -3_ sf] cj:yfdf vl/b ug{ Ps

tx dflysf] clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg{]5 . %(= ;f]em} vl/b ug'{ cl3 olsg ug'{kg]{ s'/fM -!_ ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;f]e}m vl/b ug'{ cl3 b]xfosf s'/f olsg ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ vl/b ug'{kg]{ dfn;fdfg e08f/df df}Hbft eP jf

gePsf], -v_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf

;]jf k|bfos;Fu vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ cfjZos of]Uotf eP jf gePsf],

216

-u_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] dfu adf]lhd k]z u/]sf] k|:tfj To:tf] lgsfon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] :k]l;lkms]zg tyf k|fljlws u'0f:t/ adf]lhdsf] eP jf gePsf], /

-3_ k|:tfljt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf

cGo ;]jf k|bfosaf6 k|:tfj ul/Psf] d"No plrt eP jf gePsf] .

-@_ pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] d"No plrt eP

gePsf] s'/f olsg ug{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ahf/ cWoog, k"j{ vl/b d"No, nfut cg'dfgsf cfwf/df b/ ljZn]if0f u/L k|:tfljt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf cGo ;]jf k|bfos;Fu jftf{ ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ lgod %* sf] pklgod -#_ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf

ubf{ kqfrf/sf] dfWodaf6 ;d]t ug{ ;lsg]5 .

^)= k|ltof]lutf u/fO{ l8hfOg vl/b ug{ ;Sg] M ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfls{6]Sr/n Jff zx/L of]hgf h:tf ljifosf] l8hfOg vl/b ug'{ kbf{ To:tf] l8hfOg ;DaGwL lj:t[t ljj/0f ;lxtsf] sfuhft tof/ u/L To:tf] sfuhft cg'¿k l8hfOg k|ltof]lutf u/fO{ pko'Qm l8hfOg vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .

^)s= 3/ hUUff ef8fdf lng] ;DaGwL Joj:yfM -!_ o; lgoddf

cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;ª\u7g jf

217

lgsfon]] 3/ hUuf ef8fdf lng' kbf{ s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / sf7df8f+} pkTosf leqsf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] xsdf slDtdf kGw| lbgsf] cjlwsf] ;"rgf /fli6|\o :t/sf] ;dfrf/kq / s]Gb|Lo sfof{no jf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf]] j]j;fO6df k|sfzg u/L / pkTosf aflx/sf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] xsdf :yfgLo kqklqsf / s]Gb|Lo sfof{no jf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf]] j]j;fO6df ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L slDtdf ;ft lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ ef8fsf] k|:tfj dfu ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgfdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon]

b]xfosf s'/f v'nfpg' kg]{5M

-s_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] gfd / 7]ufgf, -v_ 3/ hUuf cfjZos ePsf] If]q jf :yfg -u_ ef8fdf lng vf]h]sf] 3/ hUufsf] k|s[lt, If]qkmn

/ cGo cfjZos ljj/0f, -3_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] lgwf{/0f

u/]sf] b//]6df dfq 3/ hUuf ef8fdf lnOg] s'/f,

-ª_ 3/ hUufwgLn] k|:tfj k]z ug]{ tl/sf / To:tf]

k|:tfjsf ;fy k]z ug'{kg]{ Go"gtd ljj/0f, -r_ k|:tfj bflvnf ug]{ :yfg / clGtd ldlt,

218

-5_ 3/ hUufsf] ef8f e'QmfgLsf zt{x¿ / s/ s§Lsf] ljifo, /

-h_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pko'Qm 7fg]sf

cGo s'/f .

-#_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq bflvnf ePsf] 3/ hUuf ef8fdf lbg] k|:tfj vf]nL pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ef8fdf lng] 3/

hUufsf] ef8f lgwf{/0f ug{ sfo{sf/L kl/ifbn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] 3/ef8f lgwf{/0f ;ldlt /xg]5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] a}7s ;DaGwL

sfo{ljlw ;f] ;ldlt cfkm}n] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .

-^_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] pklgod -#_

adf]lhd k]z ePsf k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍg b]xfosf cfwf/df u/L 3/ hUufsf] ef8f lgwf{/0f ug]{5M

-s_ 3/ hUuf /x]sf] :yfg / af6f]sf] ;'ljwf, -v_ 3/ hUufsf] agfj6 / If]qkmn, -u_ ef}lts ;'ljwf,

219

-3_ 3/ hUufsf] kl/;/, -ª_ 3/ hUuf wgLn] k|:tfj u/]sf] ef8f /sd / -r_ 3/ef8fsf] k|rlnt b//]6 .

-&_ pklgod -^_ adf]lhd 3/ hUuf ef8fsf] /sd lgwf{/0f u/]kl5 3/ hUuf ef8f lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ lnlvt ¿kdf lbg' kg]{5 .

-*_ pklgod -&_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5

;DalGwt ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;DalGwt 3/ hUufwgL;Fu ;Demf}tf u/L 3/ hUuf ef8fdf lng' kg]{5 .

-(_ pklgod -*_ adf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tf 3/ hUuf wgL /

;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] d~h'/Ldf gjLs/0f ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-!)_ 3/ hUuf ef8fsf] b//]6df a[l4 ug{' k/]df /lhi6«f/sf]

:jLs[lt lnO{ 3/ hUufsf] ef8f lgwf{/0fsf] nflu pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg{]5 .

^)v= ;]jf s/f/df lng] ;DaGwL sfo{ljlwM -!_ sfof{no ;'/Iff,

lr7\7Lkq cf];f/ k;f/, ;/;kmfO{, 6]lnkmf]g, ljB't / wf/fsf] ;~rfng tyf /]vb]v, kz':jf:Yo tyf s[lif k|;f/ sfo{, au}+rfsf] ;Def/ / /]vb]v, 6fOlkª jf sDKo'6/ 6fOk, 8«fOleª h:tf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos kg{] ;]jf s/f/df lng' k/]df

220

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] s'g} JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgL;Fu s/f/ u/L To:tf] ;]jf s/f/df lng;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;]jf s/f/df lnbf To:tf]

;]jfsf] cfjZostf, lsl;d, ;dofjlw, u'0f:t/, ;]jf ;~rfng ljlw, nfUg] df]6fdf]6L vr{ / sfo{ If]qut zt{ tof/ u/L ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'vaf6 :jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-#_ Psnfv ?k}ofF;Dd ;]jf z'Ns nfUg] ;]jf ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] jftf{ u/L vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;f] /sd eGbf a9L ;]jf z'Ns nfUg] ;]jfsf] xsdf s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / sf7df8f} pkTosfdf /x]sf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] kGw| lbgsf] ;"rgf /fli6«o ;dfrf/kq / s]Gb|Lo sfof{no jf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf]] j]j;fO6df k|sfzg u/L / pkTosf aflx/sf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] xsdf :yfgLo kqklqsf / s]Gb|Lo sfof{no jf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf]] j]j;fO6df ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L kGw| lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ k|:tfj dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgfdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g

jf lgsfon] b]xfosf s'/f v'nfpg' kg]{5M

-s_ ;DalGwt ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] gfd / 7]ufgf,

-v_ ;]jfsf] k|s[lt, kl/df0f, zt{ / cGo cfjZos

s'/f,

221

-u_ ;]jf k|bfg ug'{kg]{ :yfg / cjlw, -3_ k|:tfjbftfn] k|:tfj;fy k]z ug'{kg]{ Go"gtd

sfuhft / ljj/0f, -ª_ k|:tfj bflvnf ug'{kg]{ clGtd ldlt / :yfg, -r_ ;]jf z'Ns e'QmfgLsf zt{ / s/ s§Lsf] ljifo / -5_ cGo cfjZos s'/f .

-%_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] Dofbleq k|fKt ePsf k|:tfj lgod %!q adf]lhd vf]nL k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug'{ kg]{5 .


k|:tfj d"NofÍg ubf{ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ If]qut zt{ k'/f u/L ;j} eGbf 36L ;]jf z'Ns k|:tfj ug]{] k|:tfjbftfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t u/L ;]jf s/f/ ;Demf}tf ug{' kg]{5 .

-&_ pklgod -^_ adf]lhd :jLs[t k|:tfjsf] k|:tfjbftf

;]jf s/f/ ug{ gcfPdf To;kl5sf] ;j} eGbf 36L ;]jf z'Ns k|:tfj ug]{ k|:tfjbftf;Fu ;]jf s/f/ ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-*_ ;]jf k|bfosn] k|bfg u/]sf] ;]jfsf] cg'udg ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;do ;dodf ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L cg'udg ubf{ ;]jf ;Gtf]ifhgs ePsf] gkfOPdf jf

222

s/f/ adf]lhdsf] gePdf ;f] lgsfon] ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ ;]jfsf] :t/ j[l4 ug{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 / To;/L ;"rgf lbFbf klg ;]jfsf] :t/ j[l4 gePdf ;]jf s/f/ /2 u/L csf]{ ;]jf s/f/sf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .

^)u= dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/ ug]{ u/fpg] sfo{ljlwM -!_ ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf /x]sf] s'g} dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/ ug'{kg]{ eP ;f]sf] lnlvt hfgsf/L To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] pkof]ustf{n] ;f] lgsfosf] k|d'vnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . To;/L hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 lghn] lgod $(h sf] pklgod -%_ adf]lhd nfut cg'dfg tof/ u/fO{ :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd nfut cg'dfg :jLs[t ePkl5

dfn;fdfgsf] dd{t cfkm\g} js{zk jf dd{t s]Gb| eP ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] dd{t To:tf] js{zk jf dd{t s]Gb|af6 u/fpg' kg]{5 . To;/L dd{t u/fpFbf s'g} dfn;fdfg, pks/0f jf kf6k"hf{ k]m/abn ug'{kg]{ ePdf To:tf] dfn;fdfg, pks/0f jf kf6k"hf{ df}Hbftaf6 lnO{ / df}Hbftdf geP o; lgodsf] k|lqmof cjnDjg u/L vl/b ug{' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd pks/0f jf kf6k"hf{ vl/b

u/]sf]df ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] dfn;fdfg jf pks/0f lhG;L bflvnf u/fO{ k|lt PsfO{ d"No kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF eGbf a9L kg]{ pks/0f jf kf6k"hf{sf] clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 / To:tf kf6k"hf{ k'/fgf pks/0f jf kf6{k"hf{sf] nflu k|lt:yfkg ul/Psf] s'/f

223

;DalGwt k|fljlwsaf6 k|dfl0ft u/fO{ k'/fgf ;fdfg lhG;L bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ cfˆgf] js{zk jf dd{t s]Gb| gePsf] ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] o; lgodsf] k|s[of cjnDjg u/L dfn;fdfg dd{t ;Def/ u/fpg' kg]{5 .


cfkm\g} js{zk jf dd{t s]Gb| ePsf] lgsfon] dd{t sfo{ clen]v kmf/fddf -ha sf8{_ /]s8{ /fvL dd{t kZrft\ nfut :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5 .

^)3= cdfgtaf6 sfd ug{ jf u/fpg ;lsg] M -!_ ;fdfGo

k|s[ltsf] dd{t ;Def/, ;fgfltgf lgoldt sfo{ jf ;/;kmfO{ h:tf sfo{ cdfgtaf6 sfd ug{ jf u/fpg ;lsg]5 . -@_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cdfgtaf6 sfd ug{

/lhi6«f/sf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . -#_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cdfgtaf6 sfd ug'{

kbf{ ;f] sfdsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ k|fljlws ;]jf / lgdf{0f ;fdu|L o; lgodsf] k|s[of adf]lhd vl/b u/L Hofnfdf sfd u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-$_ o; lgodadf]lhd cdfgtaf6 lgdf{0f sfo{ ug'{ k/]df

To:tf] sfd Psnfv ?k}ofFdf ga9fO{ v08 v08 u/L jftf{af6 u/fpg jf lgdf{0f ;DaGwL sfd cfjZos lgdf{0f ;fdu|L pknAw u/fO{ Hofnfdf lbg ;lsg]5 .

224

kl/R5]b–!% k'g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL Joj:yf

^!= ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf k|d'v ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;lsg] M -!_

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon]] vl/b sf/afxL jf lg0f{o ubf{ s'g} q'l6 u/]sf] jf kfngf ug'{kg]{ st{Jo kfngf gu/]sf]n] cfk"mnfO{ Iflt k'Ug] jf k'Ug ;Sg] sf/0f v'nfO{ s'g} af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] To:tf] q'l6 jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf nflu ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf k|d'v ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lbg] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg

vl/b ;Demf}tf x'g'eGbf cl3sf] sf/afxLsf ;DaGwdf ;Lldt x'g]5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbFbf o; lgodddf

To:tf] lgj]bg k]z ug{sf] nflu s'g} cjlw tf]lsPsf] eP To:tf] cjlwleq / To;/L cjlw gtf]lsPsf]df ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b sf/afxL ;DaGwL q'l6 u/]sf] jf st{Jo kfngf gu/]sf] s'/f af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bgdf ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] s'g sfd u/]sf] jf gu/]sf] sf/0fn] To:tf] q'l6 x'g uPsf]] xf] jf st{Jo kfngf gePsf] xf] / To:tf] lg0f{o of] lgod / o; cGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgod


225

jf lgb]{lzsfsf] s'g k|fjwfg ljk/Lt 5 eGg] s'/f :ki6¿kdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

-%_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] cjlw gf3L k|fKt ePsf]

k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bg pk/ s'g} sf/afxL x'g] 5}g . -^_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf]]] lgj]bgsf ;DaGwdf

5fglag ubf{ vl/b sf/afxLdf s'g} q'l6 b]lvP, ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] kfngf ug'{kg]{ st{Jo kfngf u/]sf] gb]lvP jf To:Tff] lg0f{o sfg'g ljk/Lt b]lvPdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf k|d'vn] vl/b sf/afxL lgnDag u/L ;f] lgj]bg k|fKt ePsf] kfFr lbgleq sf/0f v'nfO{ lnlvt lg0f{o ug{' kg]{5 .

-&_ pklgod -^_ adf]lhdsf] lg0f{odf ;f] vl/b sf/afxL

s;/L cufl8 a9fpg] eGg] s'/f ;d]t pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg{]5 .

-*_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bg b'O{ s/f]8 ?k}ofF eGbf

sd /sdsf] vl/b sf/afxLsf] ;DaGwdf eP ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf k|d'vn] pklgod -^_ adf]lhd u/]sf] lg0f{o pk/ k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;lsg] 5}g .

^@= ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v ;dIf lbOg] lgj]bgdf v'nfpg'

kg]{ s'/fM vl/b sf/afxL jf lg0f{osf] k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu lgod ^! adf]lhd ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v ;dIf lgj]bg lbg rfxg] af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn]

226

To:tf] lgj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/fx¿ v'nfO{ x:tfIf/ u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 M

-s_ lgj]bssf] gfd, 7]ufgf, 6]lnkmf]g, km\ofS; gDj/ /

O{d]n 7]ufgf, -v_ ;Ël7t ;+:yf eP To;/L lgj]bg lbg ;f] ;+:yfn] k|bfg

u/]sf] clwsf/ kq, -u_ af]nkq ;+Vof, -3_ lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ tYout / sfg'gL cfwf/ / -ª_ ;Da4 sfuhftsf] k|ltlnlk .

^#= k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;lsg] M -!_

af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] b]xfosf] cj:yfdf k'g/fjnf]sgsf] nflu ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g adf]lhdsf] ;fj{hlgs vl/b k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 M

-s_ lgod ^! adf]lhd ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo ;dIf lbPsf]]

lgj]bg tf]lsPsf] /sdeGbf a9L /sdsf] vl/b sf/afxLsf] ;DAfGwdf eO{ To:tf] lgsfosf k|d'vn] ;f] lgj]bgsf ;DaGwdf ;f]xL lgodsf] pklgod -^_ df plN]nlvt cjlwleq lg0f{o glbPdf jf lghn] lbPsf] lg0f{odf lgj]bgstf{sf] lrQ ga'e]mdf,

-v_ lgod ^$ adf]lhd ePsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] ljifodf .

227

-@_ k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt / k'g/fjnf]sg ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, lgodfjnL / ;f] cGtu{tsf sfo{ljlw, lgb]{lzsf adf]lhd x'g]5 .

^#s= ph'/L ;DaGwL lg0f{osf] clen]v M k'g/fjnf]sgsf] ;DaGwdf

;ª\u7g jf lgsfo, k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt jf cGo lgsfoaf6 ePsf] lg0f{o / To:tf] lg0fo{sf] ;DaGwdf ckgfOPsf] pkrf/fTds sbdx¿sf] clen]v ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] /fVg' kg]{5 .

228

kl/R5]b–!^ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL Joj:yf

^$= vl/b ;Demf}tf / ;f]sf zt{x¿M -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon]

o; lgodadf]lhd k'm6s/ vl/b afx]s cGo vl/b ubf{ o; lgodadf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf

af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft jf l;naGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL kmf/fddf plNnlvt zt{x¿ ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf zt{x¿ ;Demf}tfsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ b]xfoadf]lhd x'g ;Sg]5g\ M

-s_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf kIfx¿sf] gfd / 7]ufgf, kmf]g,

km\ofS; gDa/ / ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;Dks{ /fVg] JolQm,

-v_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfo{ If]q, -u_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf /x]sf lnvtx¿sf] ljj/0f /

k|fyldstfsf] qmd, -3_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg tflnsf, -ª_ cfk"lt{ ;do, sfo{;Dkfbg ug'{kg]{ ;do jf Dofb

yk ug{ ;lsg] g;lsg] Joj:yf,


229

-r_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] /sd jf ;f] lgwf{/0f ug]{ tl/sf,

-5_ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jf :jLsf/ x'g]

zt{x¿, -h_ ljb]zL d'b|fsf] e'QmfgL nufot e'QmfgLsf zt{ /

tl/sf, -em_ sfa"aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt -kmf]z{ d]h/_, -`_ d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg] eP ;f]sf] Joj:yf, -6_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg / e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L

ug{ ;lsg] eP ;f]sf] Joj:yf, -7_ ljdf cfjZos ePdf ;f] ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -8_ cfjZos kg]{ hdfgt, -9_ lgwf{l/t cjlwdf sfo{ ;Dkfbg x'g g;s]

afktsf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ -lnlSj8]6]8 8\ofd]h]h_,

-0f_ lgwf{l/t cjlweGbf cufl8 g} sfo{ ;Dkfbg

ePdf lbg] af]g; ;DaGwL Joj:yf, -t_ vl/b ;Demf}tf /2 ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf,

230

-y_ ;as06«ØfS6 ug{ ;lsg] jf g;lsg] Joj:yf, -b_ ljjfb ;dfwfgsf] ;+oGq, -w_ nfu" x'g] sfg'g / -g_ tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo s'/fx¿ .

-#_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ah]6 ;ª\s]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

^%= ;Demf}tf ug{ sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt k]z ug'{ kg]{M -!_ :jLs[t

af]nkqsf] af]nkqbftfn] lgod %@` sf] pklgod -$_ adf]lhd sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt k]z ubf{ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf pNn]v ePsf] 9fFrfdf lgod %@` sf] pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb leq jfl0fHo a}+saf6 hf/L ePsf] sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgtsf] /sd

lgod %@` sf] pklgod -$_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tfdf /sd gv'Ng]

;Demf}tfsf] xsdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhftdf tf]sL lbPsf] sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgt k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s

pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{;Dkfbg hdfgtsf] dfGo

231

cjlw To:tf] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ jf x:tfGt/0f ug{' kg]{] clGtd cjlw jf k|Tofe"lt -jf/]G6L_ sf] cjlw jf lgdf{0f sfo{sf] q'l6 ;Rrfpg] bfloTj -l8km]S6 nfolalnl6h_ sf] cjlw eGbf slDtdf Ps dlxgf a9L cjlwsf] x'g' kg]{5 .

-%_ ljb]zL j}+sn] hf/L u/]sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt

g]kfndf :yfkgf ePsf] s'g} jfl0fHo a}+sn] k|lt k|Tofe"lt -sfp06/ Uof/]G6L_ u/]sf] ePdf dfq dfGo x'g]5 .

^^= ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ;DaGwL Joj:yfM -!_ ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ubf{ cfjZostfg';f/ b]xfosf sfd ug{' kg]{5 M

-s_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ePkl5 ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{,

k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL;Fu cfjZos eP a}7s -kf]i6 la8 sGk|m]G;_ ug]{,

-v_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ;DaGwL sfo{ of]hgf /

sfo{tflnsf tof/ ug{], -u_ ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ adf]lhd ;doleq} k|tLtkq vf]Ng]

Joj:yf ug]{, -3_ cfjZos ePdf ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog 6f]nL u7g ug]{,

232

-ª_ ;Demf}tf k|zf;g sfo{ of]hgf cg';f/ vl/b ;Demf}tf sfo{fGjogsf] k|ult cg'udg ug]{ / u'0f:t/ kIfsf] lg/LIf0f / k/LIf0f ug]{,

-r_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ lgdf{0fsfo{:yn ;'Dkg] / ;f]

:yn;Dd kxF'rsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg], vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] x]/km]/, e]l/Pzg cfb]z, d"No ;dfof]hg, vl/b ;Demf}tf lgnDjg jf cGt, sfo{ ;DkGg k|df0fLs/0f, e'QmfgL cflbsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{,

-5_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo / cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf

k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL jLr s'g} ljjfb pTkGg eP To:tf] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt ljjfb ;dfwfgsf] pkfo ckgfpg], ;Demf}tf pNnª\3g ePsf] cj:yfdf ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt pkrf/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf cg';f/ sf/afxL cl3 a9fpg],

-h_ ah]6 / nfut n]vf -s:6 PsfpG6LË_ sf] kIf nufot

;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] ljQLo kIfsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, -em_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog;Fu ;DalGwt sfuhft

l;nl;nfa¢ / Jojl:yt 9ª\un] /fVg], -`_ ;Dkfbg ePsf] sfd :jLs[t ug]{, / -6_ ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] cfjlws k|ltj]bg /lhi6«f/

;dIf k]z ug]{ .

233

-@_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo jf cGo lgsfon] cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt clwsf/df k|lts'n c;/ gkg]{ u/L] gSzf, :k]l;lkms]zg / vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ cg';f/ vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog eP gePsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .

^&= jLdf u/fpg' kg]{ M -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf

ePsf]df afx]s b; nfv ?k}ofF eGbf a9L d"Nosf] lgdf{0f sfo{ ug]{ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] b]xfosf] s'/fsf] jLdf u/fpg' kg]{5 M

-s_ lgdf{0f ;fdu|L, k|of]u ul/g] d]lzg, cf}hf/ jf Knf06

nufot lgdf{0f sfo{sf] k"0f{ k|lt:yfkg vr{,

:ki6Ls/0fMo; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu vr{ eGgfn] gfkmf;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-v_ k]zfut z'Ns, lgdf{0f sfo{sf] s'g} efu eTsfpg,

x6fpg tyf s'8f ss{6 jf v]/ uPsf] ;fdu|L x6fpgsf] nflu nfUg] vr{ nufot xfgL jf gf]S;fgL eP jfkt x'g] vr{ jf ;f] ;DaGwL cfg'ifflËs vr{ ;d]6gsf nflu v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] k|lt:yfkg vr{sf] kGw| k|ltzt /sd jf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt ePadf]lhdsf] cltl/Qm /sd,

234

-u_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] lgdf{0f:yndf NofPsf] cfˆgf] pks/0f / cGo j:t'sf] lgdf{0f:yndf k|lt:yfkg ug{ nfUg] kof{Kt /sd,

-3_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ lgdf{0f:yn ;'lDkPsf] ldltb]lv

x:tfGt/0f k|df0fkq hf/L ul/g] ldlt;Dd lgdf{0f sfo{sf] s'g} v08 jf c+zdf pklgod -@_ df pNn]v ePsf] sf/0fafx]s cGo h'g;'s} sf/0faf6 x'g] ;a} xfgL gf]S;fgL,

-ª_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] b]xfosf bfloTjx¿ M

-c_ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] q'l6 ;Rofpg] bfloTjsf] cjlwdf cfˆgf] bfloTj kfng ug]{ qmddf ePsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL, /

-cf_ q'l6 ;Rofpg] bfloTjsf] cjlw k|f/De x'g' cl3

pTkGg ePsf] s'g} sf/0faf6 q'l6 ;Rofpg] bfloTjsf] cjlwdf ePsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL .

-@_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePklg

lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] jLdfaf6 b]xfosf sf/0faf6 ePsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL jf Ifltsf] nflu bfloTj jxg ug'{kg]{ 5}g M

-s_ o'4, zq'tf jf cfqmd0f, -v_ ljb|f]x, qmflGt, laKnj jf ;}lgs zf;g jf u[x

o'4,

235

-u_ ljls/0fsf] km}nfj6, cf0fljs OGwgsf] ljls/0f jf cf0fljs OGwgsf] Hjngaf6 pTkGg cf0fljs kmf]x/ jf ljls/0f o'Qm ljiffbL ljikmf]6 jf cGo xflgsf/s tTjx¿sf] ljikmf]6 jf cf0fljs ;+of]hg jf ;f] sf] cf0fljs c+zsf] k|b'if0f /

-3_ Wjlgs jf tLj| Wjlgs ultdf p8\g] xjfO{ hxfh

jf xjfO{ oGqåf/f >[lht jfo'sf] rfk .

-#_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s lgdf{0f sfo{ ubf{ jf To;df /x]sf] s'g} q'l6 ;'wf/ ubf{ ePsf] jf To:tf sfo{sf] kl/0ffd :j¿k ePsf] b]xfosf] xfgL gf]S;fgL jfktsf] Ifltk"lt{sf] bfjL / To:tf] bfjL ;DaGwL sf/afxL ubf{ nfu]sf] vr{ tyf b:t"/ lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] a]xf]g'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ rf]6k6s nfu]df jf lghsf] d[To'

ePdf, jf -v_ lgdf{0f sfo{df afx]s sfo{ ;~rfng / ;DkGgsf]

l;nl;nfdf s'g} ;DklQdf ePsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL,

-$_ dfn;fdfg vl/bdf l;=cfO{=kL= -Sofl/h P08 OG;f]/]G; k]8 6'_ d"Nosf] slDtdf !!) k|ltzt /sd a/fa/sf] uf]bfdb]lv uf]bfd;Dd o'4, x8tfn / cfuhgL ;d]tsf] ;a} hf]lvd j]xf]g]{ u/L jLdf u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-%_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf k|d'vsf] lnlvt :jLs[ltlagf jLdfsf zt{df s'g} kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

236

^&s= k]ZsL e'QmfgL / km5of}{6 ug]{ Joj:yf -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b ;Demf}tf kZrft cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf ;]jf k|bfosaf6 clu|d a}+s hdfgt lnO{ vl/b ;Demf}tf /sdsf] la; k|ltztdf ga9\g] u/L k]ZsL lbg ;Sg]5 . -@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]ZsL lbFbf klxnf] k6sdf

:jLs[t k]ZsL /sdsf] cfwfdf ga9\g] u/L / jfFsL /sd sfo{ k|ultsf cfwf/df lbg ;lsg] 5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]ZsL lbFbf cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f

Joj;foL, ;]jfk|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfaf6 To:tf] k]ZsL /sd vfDg] u/L / lghn] ;Demf}tfadf]lhd sfd gu/]df ;f] lgsfon] cg'/f]w u/]kl5 tTsfn To:tf] lgsfonfO{ e'QmfgL ug]{] u/L jfl0fHo a}+saf6 hf/L ePsf] a}+s hdfgt lnO{ k]ZsL lbg' kg]{5 . cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf ;]jf k|bfosn] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd klxnf] k6s k]ZsL k|fKt u/]sf] ldltn] lt; lbgleq sfo{ k|f/De ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] a}+s hdfgtsf] dfGo cjlw

vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf] k]ZsL km5of}6 ug'{ kg{] cjlw eGbf slDtdf Ps dlxgf eGbf a9L cjlwsf] x'g' kg]{5 .

-%_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lbPsf]

k]ZsL vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhd Kf|To]s /lgË lan jf cGo lan aLhsaf6 s§f ug'{ kg]{5 .

237

-^_ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, ;]jfk|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfd To:tf] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt ;dofjlw leq ;Dkfbg gu/]sf] sf/0fn] o; vl/b lgodadf]lhdsf] k]ZsL km5\of}6 x'g g;s]df ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] a}+s hdfgtsf] /sd ;DalGwt a}+saf6 k|fKt u/L k]ZsL km5of}6 ug'{ kg]{5 / lghaf6 To:tf] k]ZsL /sdsf] ;os8f b; k|ltzt Aofh ;d]t c;"n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-&_ s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k|tLtkqåf/f dfn;fdfg

l´sfpFbf cfˆgf] sfof{nodf dfn;fdfg k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] lt; lbgleq k|tLtkq vf]n]sf] k]ZsL /sd km5\of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-*_ dfn;fdfg pknAw u/fpg] ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{af6

dfn;fdfg pknAw x'g g;s]sf]df jf dfn;fdfg pknAw u/fpg lgwf{l/t ;doleq dfn;fdfg k|fKt x'g g;s]df ;fwf/0ftof k|tLtkq /2 ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f] jfkt a}+sdf hDdf ePsf] /sd lkmtf{ lnO{ k|tLtkq vf]n]sf] k]ZsL /sd km5\of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

-(_ k]ZsL /sd ;Demf}tf ePsf] sfo{sf] nflu 5'6\6}

vf]lnPsf] a}+s vftf dfkm{t\ dfq e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 . -!)_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] k]ZsL /sd s'g k|of]hgdf

vr{ ePsf] xf] ;f] sf] ljj/0f cWofjlws u/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ pknAw u/fpg'kg]{5 .

238

-!!_ o; lgodadf]lhd lnPsf] k]ZsL ;DalGwt sfddf k|of]u ePsf] gkfOPdf pk lgod -!_ adf]lhd lnPsf] clu|d a}+s hdfgt hkmt x'g]5 .

-!@_ k]ZsL ;DaGwL cGo Aoj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

^&v= dfn;fdfgsf] lg/LIf0f / :jLs[ltM -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon]

cfk"lt{ ul/Psf dfn;fdfg ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt k|fljlws :k]l;lkms]zg / u'0f:t/ adf]lhdsf eP gePsf] lg/LIf0f jf k/LIf0f ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lg/LIf0f jf k/LIf0f ubf{ u/fpFbf

dfn;fdfg lg/LIf0f jf k/LIf0f ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg'g eP ;f]xL] sfg'gadf]lhd / gePdf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt sfo{ljlw adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] sfo{ljlw klg geP ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pko'Qm ;Dem]sf] sfo{ljlw adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] To:tf] lg/LIf0f jf k/LIf0f ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu Ps jf Ps eGbf a9L lgsfo jf clwsf/L tf]Sg jf ;DalGwt dfn;fdfg ;DaGwL a9Ldf ltg hgf lj1 /x]sf] Ps ;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] lgsfo, clwsf/L jf ;ldltn]

cfk"lt{ ul/Psf dfn;fdfg lgl/If0f jf k/LIf0f ubf{ To:tf] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] gd'gf / ljlzi6tf l;naGbL u/L /fv]sf] eP To:tf] gd"gf / ljlzi6tf adf]lhd hfFr ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L hfFr

239

ubf{ To:tf] gd"gf / ljlzi6tf cg'¿k ePsf] dfn;fdfg :jLs[t u/L gePsf dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{stf{nfO{ g} lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd lg/LIf0f jf k/LIf0f ubf{

cfjZostfg';f/ ;a} dfn;fdfg jf ;f]sf] gd"gf 5gf}6 u/L lg/LIf0f jf k/LIf0f ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-^_ lg/LIf0f jf k/LIf0f ug]{ lgsfo, clwsf/L jf ;ldltn]

pklgod -$_ / -%_ adf]lhd lg/LIf0f jf k/LIf0f u/L ;s]kl5 :jLs[t / c:jLs[t dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f pNn]v u/L lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] k|ltj]bgdf hfFr ePsf] dfn;fdfgsf] gfd, k|ltzt, :k]l;lkms]zg, lg/LIf0f jf k/LIf0fsf] kl/0ffd pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] k|ltj]bgnfO{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b sf/afxLsf] clen]vsf] ¿kdf /fVg' kg]{5 .

-&_ o; lgodadf]lhd dfn;fdfg lg/LIf0f jf k/LIf0f ubf{

lg/LIf0f jf k/LIf0f ug]{ lgsfo, clwsf/L jf ;ldlt / cfk"lt{stf{lar s'g} ljjfb pTkGg ePdf To:tf] ljjfb vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf] ljjfb ;dfwfgsf] k|s[of adf]lhd ;dfwfg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-*_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

kRrL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Ddsf] dfn;fdfg ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] e08f/ zfvfsf] k|d'vn] cfjZos lg/LIf0f jf k/LIf0f u/L a'lemlng ;Sg]5 .

240

^&u=dfn;fdfgsf] lnnfd las|L tyf /sd c;"nL ug]{M -!_ lgod ^&v sf] pklgod -$_ adf]lhd c:jLs[t dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{stf{n] tTsfn lkmtf{ gnu] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] ;dfofjlw leq To:tf] dfn;fdfg p7fO{ lkmtf{ n}hfg / ;f]sf] ;§f :k]l;lkms]zg adf]lhdsf] ;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfk"lt{stf{nfO{ lnlvt hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .

-@_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L

x'nfs jf s'l/o/ ;le{; dfkm{t k7fpg] eP lkmtL{ /l;b ;lxtsf] kq k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgfsf] cjlwleq

cfk"lt{stf{n] dfn;fdfg a'lemlng c:jLsf/ u/]df jf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] ;dfofjlw leq p7fO{ gnu]df ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] dfn;fdfg ;fj{hlgs lnnfd laqmL u/L ;f] dfn;fdfg e08f/0f ug{ nfu]sf] vr{ / To; ;DaGwL cGo vr{x¿, afFsL /x]sf] k]ZsL /sd, k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ / lghn] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ ltg'{ kg]{ cGo s'g} /sd eP ;f] /sd ;d]t lnnfd las|L d"Noaf6 s6\6f u/L afFsL /x]sf] /sd cfk"lt{stf{nfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] lnnfd las|Laf6 k|fKt ePsf]

/sd ;d]taf6 c;"n x'g g;s]sf] /sd cfk"lt{stf{af6 k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;"n pk/ ul/g]5 .

241

^&3= sfo{ :jLsf/ k|ltj]bg M -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;DkGg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{, cfk"lt{ ul/Psf] dfn;fdfg jf k|bfg ul/Psf] ;]jf :jLsfbf{ ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/f

pNn]v x'g' kg]{5 M

-s_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;ª\Vof, -v_ ;DkGg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{, k|fKt ePsf]

dfn;fdfg jf ;]jfsf] ljj/0f, -u_ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] jf dfn;fdfg jf

;]jf k|fKt ePsf] ldlt, -3_ ;DkGg lgdf{0f sfo{, k|fKt dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf

:jLs[t ePsf] ldlt .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg tof/ ePkl5 ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfjZos k|ls|of k'/f u/L e'QmfgLsf] nflu ;DalGwt cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf jf lgsfodf clanDj n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 .

^&ª= vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg M sfdsf] cfwf/e"t k|s[tL jf If]q

kl/jt{g gx'g] u/L b'a} kIfsf] lnlvt ;xdltaf6 vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg]5 .

242

t/ lgod ^&r adf]lhd e]l/ozg cfb]z hf/L ubf{ jf lgod ^&5 adf]lhd d"No ;dfof]hg -k|fO; P8h:6d]06_ ubf{ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ 5}g .

^&r=

e]l/Pzg cfb]zM -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ubf{sf avt k"jf{g'dfg ug{ g;lsPsf] kl/l:ylt ;f] ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf ;[hgf ePdf ;f]sf] :ki6 sf/0f v'nfO{ pk lgod -@_ / -#_ sf] clwgdf /xL clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] o; lgodsf] k|lqmof k'/\ofO{ e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhd sfo{ ;'? eO{ ;s]kl5 k|fljlws

sf/0faf6 To:tf] sfo{sf] kl/df0fdf yk, 36 ug{ jf gof+ cfO6d yKg jf ;§f ug{ cfjZos b]lvPdf b]xfosf] clwsf/Ln] To:tf] yk36 tyf gof+ cfO6dsf] nfut cg'dfg tof/ u/L pklgod -!_ sf] cwLgdf /xL b]xfo adf]lhd e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 M

-s_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] 8«OË, l8hfOg tyf :k]l;lkms]zg

cflb abNg' gkg]{ t/ sfdsf] kl/df0f yk36 x'g] cj:yfdf ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] kF+fr k|ltzt;Ddsf] e]l/Pzg cfb]z k|fljlws k'i6\ofO{ u/L ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'vn],

-v_ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] 8«OË, l8hfOg tyf :k]l;lkms]zg

cflb abNg' kg]{ cj:yf eO{ jf geO{ ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] b; k|ltzt;Ddsf] e]l/P;g cfb]z k|fljlws k'i6\ofO{ u/L] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'vn] Ps tx dflysf clwsf/Laf6 l:js[lt

243

lng' kg]{ / ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] kGw| k|ltzt;Ddsf] e]l/Pzg cfb]z k|fljlws k'i6\ofO u/L /lhi6«f/n],

-u_ dfn;fdfg vl/b / cGo ;]jf vl/bsf xsdf

;Demf}tf d"Nosf] kGw| k|ltzt ;Ddsf] e]l/Pzg cfb]z k|fljlws k'i6\ofO{ u/L ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'vn], /

-3_ k/fdz{ ;]jf vl/bsf] xsdf ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] b;

k|ltzt;Ddsf] e]l/Pzg cfb]z k|fljlws k'i6\ofO{ u/L ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf k|d'vn] / ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] kGw| k|ltzt;Ddsf] e]l/Pzg cfb]z k|fljlws k'i6\ofO{ u/L /lhi6«f/n] .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] kGw| k|ltzt

eGbf a9Lsf] e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug'{kg]{ ePdf /lhi6«f/sf] cWoIftfdf cfly{s k|zf;g dxfzfvfsf k|d'v, ;DalGwt lgsfo k|d'v / /lhi6«f/n]] tf]s]sf] Ps hgf o; ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt clws[t jf ljz]if1 /x]sf] ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/L sfo{sf/L kl/ifbdf k|:tfj k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L ubf{ b]xfo

adf]lhd hf/L ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ ;DalGwt sfdsf] cfwf/e"t k|s[lt jf If]q kl/jt{g gx'g] u/L ug'{ kg]{,

-v_ ah]6sf] Joj:yf ePsf] x'g' kg]{, /

244

-u_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] l:js[lt lnPsf] x'g' kg]{ .

-%_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt b//]6eGbf a9L b//]6 x'g]

u/L e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug'{ xF'b}g . a9L b//]6 x'g] u/L e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ug'{kg]{ ePdf cfO{6dsf] b/ ;d]t ljZn]if0f u/L /lhi6«f/af6 l:js[t u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-^_ vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] lgdf0f{ sfo{df gofF cfO{6d yk ug'{kg]{ ePdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] gof+ cfO6dsf] b/ ;d]t ljZn]if0f u/L b//]6 lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-&_ o; lgodadf]lhd e]l/Pzg cfb]z hf/L ubf{

e]l/Pzgsf] k|s[lt, 7"nf cfO6d, ;fgf cfO6d, Dofb yk ug'{ kg{] jf gkg{] / kg{] eP slt lbg ug'{ kg{], e]l/Pzg cfO6dsf] b//]6 lan ckm SjflG6l6sf] cfO6dsf] b//]6 eGbf 36La9L, cBfjlws km]/abn hDdf ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] slt k|ltzt ePsf], e]l/Pzg cfb]z adf]lhdsf] ug'{kg]{ sfdsf] nflu yk /sd sxf+af6 s;/L h'6fpg], e]l/Pzg cfb]zkl5sf] hDdf– hDdL /sd ;'? ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] slt k|ltzt x'g] :ki6 ¿kdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

-*_ s'g} sf/0fn] ;do cefj eO{ jf cfsl:ds sfo{ ug'{kg]{

cj:yf cfO{ t'?Gt yk sfd u/fpg k/]df ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] xsdf pks'nklt / cGo lgsfosf] xsdf /lhi6«f/af6 k"j{ l:js[lt lnO{ e]l/Pzg sfo{ cufl8 a9fpg ;Sg]5 .

245

-(_ nfut cg'dfg :jLs[t ug]{ eGbf tNnf] txsf] clwsf/Ln] e]l/o;g cfb]z hf/L ug{ x'Fb}g .

-!)_ pk lgod -@_ / -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP

tfklg ;f7L nfv ¿k}of;Ddsf] vl/b sfo{sf] kGw| k|ltzt eGbf dflysf] e]l/ozg cfb]z /lhi6«f/n] ug{ ;Sg]5 .

^&5= vl/b ;Demf}tfdf d"No ;dfof]hgM -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf

cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s afx dlxgfeGbf a9L cjlwsf] vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ug{] qmddf d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ cfjZos b]lvPdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

t/ ;fj{hlgs lgdf{0f sfo{ vl/b ubf{ /fli6«o:t/sf] af]nkq cfJxfg eO{ vl/b ;Demf}tf eO{ ;s]sf] cj:yfdf ck|Tofl;t ¿kdf s'g} lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lsf] d"No ;flas d"Nosf] b; k|ltzteGbf a9L 36a9 ePdf To;/L 36]sf] jf a9]sf] /sddf b; k|ltzt s§f u/L tf]lsPadf]lhd d"No ;dfof]hg ul/g]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg vl/b ;Demf}tf k|fKt ug]{ JolQmsf] l9nfO{sf] sf/0faf6 ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfd ;f] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt cjlwleq ;DkGg geO{ a9L ;do nfu]sf]]df jf Psd'i6 sfo{ ;Dkfbg -nDk ;d s06«fS6_ jf lglZrt ah]6sf] cfwf/df vl/b ;Demf}tf ePsf]df d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

246

-#_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ ;lsg] s'/f vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf d"No ;dfof]hgsf] Joj:yf ubf{

b]xfosf s'/fx¿ ;d]t pNn]v ug{' kg]{5 M

-s_ d"No ;dfof]hg ug]{ cj:yf, -v_ lgwf{/0f ug]{ ;"q,

o; v08 adf]lhd ;"q lgwf{/0f ubf{ ;DkGg ePsf] sfddf nfu]sf] >d, ;fdu|L / pks/0fx¿sf] dfq d"No ;dfof]hg x'g] u/L ;"q lgwf{/0f ug'[{ kg]{5 .

-u_ d"No ;dfof]hgsf] clwstd /sd, -3_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] ;"qdf k|of]u ul/g] d"Nosf]

;+/rgf ->d, pks/0f, ;fdu|L, OGwgsf] d"No cflb_,

-ª_ k|To]s d"No ;+/rgfsf] d"No ;dfof]hg ug{ k|of]u

ul/g] ;Da4 d"No ;"rL -OG8L;]h_ -r_ d"No ;"rL pNn]v ug{ k|of]u ul/g] d'b«f /

e'QmfgL lbg k|of]u ul/g] d'b|f jLrsf] ljlgdo b/sf] 36a9 dfkg ug]{ tl/sf,

-5_ d"No ;dfof]hg ;"q k|of]u ug{ lnOg] cfwf/

ldlt -a];nfOg 8]6_,

247

-h_ d"No ;dfof]hg ;"q nfu" x'g] ;dosf] cGt/fn, /

-em_ d"No ;dfof]hg ;"qsf] k|of]uaf6 b]lvg' kg]{

Go"gtd d"No a[l4 / d"No ;dfof]hg ;DaGwL k|fjwfg nfu" x'g k'/f x'g' kg]{ cGo zt{ tyf aGb]h .

-%_ o; lgodadf]lhd ul/g] d"No ;dfof]hgsf] clwstd

/sd ;fdfGotofM ;'? ;Demf}tf d"Nosf] klRr; k|ltzt eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g . d"No ;dfof]hgsf] /sd ;f] d"No eGbf a9L x'g] ePdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{, ;Demf}tf d"NonfO{ :jLs[t ah]6 leq kfg{sf] nflu lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftf;Fu jftf{ ug{ jf vr{ 36fpg] cGo pkfo cjnDjg ug{ ;Sg] jf yk ah]6 Joj:yf ul/g] Joj:yf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ug{ ;lsg]5 .

^&h= ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw yk ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ vl/b

;Demf}tfsf] cjlw yk ;DaGwL Joj:yf ;DalGwt vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd x'g]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sfa"

aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt, ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ s'/f pknAw u/fpg g;s]df jf cGo dgfl;a sf/0faf6 vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw ga9fO{ gx'g] ePdf ;Demf}tf k|fKt ug]{ JolQmsf] lgj]bg adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] tf]lsPsf] cfwf/df cjlw a9fpg ;Sg]5 .

248

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yf k/L] vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfd To:tf] ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw leq k'/f ug{ g;lsg] ePdf ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfn] sf/0f v'nfO{ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] Dofb ;lsg' sDtLdf ;ft lbg cufj} ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf cjlw yksf] nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 ;DalGwt clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;f] ;DaGwdf cfjZos hfFra'em ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 . To;/L hfFr a'em ubf{ jf u/fpFbf lghn] b]xfosf s'/f ljrf/ ug'{ kg]{5M

-s_ ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf

k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfd ;do d} ;DkGg ug{ e/ dUb'/ k|of; u/]sf] lyof] jf lyPg,

-v_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgdf{0f Joj;foL,

cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfnfO{ ;Demf}tfadf]lhd pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ s'/f pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] jf lyPg, /

-u_ sfa'aflx/sf] kl/l:yltsf] sf/0faf6 sfddf

l9nfO{ ePsf] xf] jf xf]Og .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd hfFra'em ubf{ lgj]bgdf plNnlvt sf/0f dgfl;a b]lvPdf 5 dlxgf;Ddsf] cjlw af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/Ln] / ;f] eGbf

249

a9Lsf] cjlw Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Ln] yk ug{ ;Sg]5 .

^&em= k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{M vl/b ;Demf}tfdf k"j{ lgwf{l/t

Ifltk"lt{sf ;DaGwdf b]xfosf] Joj:yf ug{;lsg]5M

-s_ cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] l9nfO{sf] sf/0fn] vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfd ;f] ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] Dofbdf ;DkGg x'g g;s]df lghn] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ ;Demf}tf /sdsf] b; k|ltztdf gj9\g] u/L ;fwf/0ftof k|lt lbg ;Demf}tf /sdsf] z'Ggf bzdna z'Ggf kfFr k|ltzt k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ lbg' kg]{ t/ lghsf] sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:ylt k/L jf s'g} ulNt jf x]nr]S¥|ofO{ geO{ sfo{;Dkfbg jf cfk"lt{ ug{ l9nf ePdf To:tf] Ifltk"lt{ ltg{ gkg]{, /

-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ ltb{}df

;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jf k|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ bfloTjaf6 d'Qm x'g g;Sg] .

^&`= lan jf aLhsdf pNn]v x'g' kg]{ s'/fM -!_ lgdf{0f Joj;foL,

cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfn] o; lgodadf]lhd e'QmfgLsf] nflu k]z ug]{ /lgª lan jf cGo s'g} lan aLhsdf sDtLdf b]xfosf s'/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5M

-s_ lan jf aLhssf] ldlt,

250

-v_ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, ;]jfk|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfsf] gfd 7]ufgf,

-u_ vl/b ;Demf}tf, -3_ cfk"lt{ ul/Psf] dfn;fdfg jf ;]jfsf] ljj/0f jf

;DkGg ePsf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] gfk, cfsf/, kl/df0f / d"No,

-ª_ l;d]G6 tyf e'QmfgLsf] zt{, -r_ vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhd lan jf aLhs ;fy k]z ug{'

kg]{ cfjZos sfuhft, -5_ dfn;fdfgsf] vl/bsf] xsdf lan jf aLhs;fy vl/b

cfb]z, vl/b ;Demf}tf jf af]nkq :jLs[lt kqdf lbOPsf] lgb]{zg adf]lhd ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] tf]s]sf] 9fFrfsf] l;lkË jf cGo cfjZos sfuhft /

-h_ cfˆgf] ;Dks{ 7]ufgf . -@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lan jf aLhs k|fKt ePkl5

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] lan jf aLhs vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt k|fjwfgadf]lhdsf] eP gePsf] hf+Fr u/L ;f] cg'¿ksf] gePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, ;]jfk|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfnfO{ t'?Gt lbg' kg]{5 .

^&6= lan jf aLhssf] e'QmfgLM -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon]

lan÷aLhssf] e'QmfgL vl/b ;Demf}tfsf cwLgdf /xL o;

251

lgodadf]lhd lbg' kg]{5 . vl/b ;Demf}tf cg';f/ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] /lgª lan jf cGo s'g} lan aLhssf] e'QmfgL ubf{ s/f/sf zt{adf]lhd b]xfosf s'g} jf ;a} cfwf/ adf]lhd ug{ ;Sg] s'/f pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 M

-s_ dfl;s cfwf/df, -v_ k|fljlws gfk hfFr u/L gfkL lstfa -d]h/d]G6 j's_

df pNn]v ePsf] jf:tljs sfo{;Dkfbgsf] cfwf/df, -u_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;DkGg sfo{ dfkg ug]{ ;"rsfÍ

tf]lsPsf]df To:tf] ;"rsfÍ k|fKt ePkl5 / To:tf] ;"rsfÍ gtf]lsPsf]df ;DkGg ePsf] sfo{sf] cfwf/df,

-3_ x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] jf k'/f ul/Psf] sfo{sf] kl/df0fsf] cfwf/df,/

-ª_ lgod ^&` sf] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd jf k|tLtkqsf]

zt{sf] cfwf/df . -@_ /lgª lan jf cGo s'g} lan aLhssf] e'QmfgL lngsf]

nflu cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, ;]jfk|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhd cfjZos kg]{ sfuhft k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] /lgª lan jf cGo

s'g} lan aLhs / sfuhft ;DalGwt clwsf/Ln] :jLs[t u/]sf] lt; lbgleq vl/b ;Demf}tf cg';f/ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] lan jf aLhssf] e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 .

252

-$_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd e'QmfgL ubf{ l/6]G;g dgL jfkt /lgª jf cGo lan jf aLhsdf plNnlvt /sdsf] kfFr k|ltzt /sd s§f u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .

-%_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lan

jf lahs adf]lhdsf] /sd lz3| e'QmfgL u/]df cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, ;]jfk|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfn] To:tf] e'QmfgLsf] lglZrt /sd jf k|ltzt 5'6 lbg] s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] ePdf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To;/L e'QmfgL ubf{ 5'6 /sd s§f u/]/ dfq e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{5 .

-^_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b ;Demf}tfdf b]xfosf Joj:yf

ug{ ;Sg]5M

-s_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cl3Nnf] s'g} /lgª lan jf cGo s'g} lan aLhsdf n]lvPsf s'/f s'g} sf/0fjz jf e"njz n]lvg uO{ e'QmfgL /sd ;Rofpg' kg]{ ePdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo cfkm}n] jf ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, ;]jfk|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfsf] cg'/f]wdf To; kl5sf /lgª lan jf cGo s'g} lan aLhsdf To:tf] e'QmfgL /sd ;Rofpg jf x]/km]/ ug{ ;lsg] /

-v_ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, ;]jfk|bfos jf

k/fdz{bftfn] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] zt{adf]lhd sfo{;Dkfbg gu/]df ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

253

lgsfon] /lgª lan jf cGo s'g} lan aLhs adf]lhdsf] e'QmfgL glbg jf sf6\g ;Sg] .

-&_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_

adf]lhdsf] e'QmfgL vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt cjlw leq lbg' kg]{5 . ;f] cjlw leq e'QmfgL glbPdf vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] Aofh e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 .

-*_ pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -s_,-v_, -u_ / -3_ adf]lhd

cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, ;]jfk|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfnfO{ kRrL; xhf/ ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /sd e'QmfgL ubf{ PsfpG6 k]oL r]ssf] dfWodaf6 e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 .

^&7= clGtd e'QmfgLM -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhd ;DkGg ePsf] sfo{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] :jLsf/ u/]kl5 cfk"ltstf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfnfO{ s/f/sf zt{ adf]lhd clGtd e'QmfgL lbg'kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd clGtd e'QmfgL lbFbf lgdf{0f

sfo{sf] xsdf q'l6 ;Rrfpg] cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt / lgod ^&6 sf] pklgod -$_ adf]lhd s6\6f ul/Psf] l/6]G;g dgL /sdsf] krf; k|ltzt /sd lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . l/6]G;g dgLsf] afFsL krf; k|ltzt /sd ;DalGwt cfk"ltstf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf ;]jf k|bfosn] ;DalGwt cflGtl/s /fh:j sfof{noaf6 cfo ljj/0f k]z u/]sf] k|df0f sfuhft k]z u/] kl5 e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{5 .

254

t/ q'l6 ;Rrfpg] cjlwleq ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] q'l6 g;RofPdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] l/6]G;g dgL jf hdfgt afktsf] /sd k|of]u u/L q'l6 ;Rofpg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfn] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd clGtd e'QmfgL lngsf] nflu ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo;Fu b]xfosf bfjL afx]s cGo bfjL gug]{ s'/f pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 M

-s_ ljz]if bfjL, -v_ vl/b sfo{ ;Dkfbg ubf{ pTkGg ePsf] jf x'g]

t];|f] kIf k|ltsf] lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfsf] bfloTj, /

-u_ vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] ;Dkfbg ubf{ t];|f] kIfsf ;DaGwdf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfn] Joxf]/]sf] t/ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo;Fu bfjL gu/]sf] / ;dodf hfgsf/L gePsf] bfloTj ;DaGwL ;f]wegf{sf] bfjL .

^&8= sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{M -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhd

lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] lt; lbgleq ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] lgdf{0f eP adf]lhdsf] -Ph laN6_ gSzf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf k]z ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg eO{ q'l6 ;Rofpg] bfloTjsf]

cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf

255

k|d'vn] To:tf] lgdf{0f sfo{ :jLs[t 8«OË, l8hfOg jf :k]l;lkms]zgadf]lhd eP gePsf] s'/f k|fljlws sd{rf/Laf6 hfFra'em u/fO{ sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg tof/ u/fpg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd hfFra'em ug]{ k|fljlwsn] ;DkGg

lgdf{0f sfo{ :jLs[t 8«OË, l8hfOg jf :k]l;lkms]zg adf]lhd eP gePsf] hfFr u/L ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo ;dIf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgdf{0f ePadf]lhdsf] gSzf /

pklgod -#_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v / af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/L Pp6} JolQm ePdf lgh eGbf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] clwsf/Ln] cfjZos b]v]df

sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt ljifosf ;DaGwdf cfkm}+n] hfFra'em ug{ jf s'g} k|fljlws sd{rf/L jf k|fljlws sd{rf/Lx¿sf] 6f]nL dfkm{t hfFra'em u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

-^_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhd hfFra'em ubf{ ;DkGg lgdf{0f

sfo{ :jLs[t 8«OË, l8hfOg jf :k]l;lkms]zg adf]lhd ePsf] kfOPdf To:tf] clwsf/Ln] To:tf] lgdf{0f sfo{ :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 .

256

-&_ pklgod -^_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pklgod -$_ adf]lhd sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg k]z ePsf] ldltn] kF}tfln; lbgleq pklgod -%_ adf]lhd hfFra'em ug]{ sfo{ ;DkGg gePdf To:tf] lgdf{0f sfo{ :jtM :jLs[t ePsf] dflgg]5 .

-*_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pklgod -#_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg b; nfv ¿k}+of+;Ddsf] lgdf{0f sfo{sf] xsdf eP ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v k|fljlws eP lgh cfkm}n] hfFr u/L / k|fljlws geP cGo k|fljlws sd{rf/Laf6 hrfpg ;Sg]5 . To;/L hfFr ubf{ jf u/fpFbf To:tf] lgdf{0f sfo{ :jLs[t 8«OË, l8hfOg jf :k]l;lkms]zgadf]lhd ePsf] kfOPdf lghn] sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 / sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/L / s]Gb|Lo sfof{nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-(_ o; lgodadf]lhd sfo{ ;DkGg k|ltj]bg :jLs[t

ePkl5 ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;DalGwt lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ sfo{ ;DkGg k|df0fkq -js{ slDKn;g ;l6{lkms]6_ lbg' kg]{5 .

^&9= ;do eGbf cl3 sfd ;DkGg ug]{nfO{ k'/:sf/ lbg ;lsg]M -

!_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] cjlweGbf cl3 sfd ;DkGg ug]{ lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k'/:sf/ lbg ;Sg] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k'/:sf/sf] /sd lgwf{/0f ubf{

vl/b ;Demf}tfdf tf]lsPsf] ;doeGbf hlt lbg cl3

257

sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] xf] Tolt lbgsf nflu pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] cfwf/df lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] b/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ lgdf{0f

Joj;foLn] vl/b ;Demf]}tfdf tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq sfd ;DkGg ug{ g;s] jfkt b}lgs ¿kdf hlt /sd ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ ltg'{ kg]{ xf] Tolt g} /sd a/fa/sf] b/ lgwf{/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] k'/:sf/sf]

s'n /sd ;Demf}tf /sdsf] b; k|ltzt eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .

^&0f= ;'lj:tfsf] cfwf/df vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo ubf{ lbg' kg]{

e'QmfgL]M -!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgod ^&g sf] pklgod -$_ adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] nflu ;'lj:tfsf] cfwf/df ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo u/]sf]df ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosnfO{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] /sd e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{5 . To;/L e'QmfgL lbFbf lghn] s'g} k]ZsL /sd lnPsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] k]ZsL s6fP/ dfq e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{5 M

-s_ :jLsfo{ ¿kdf ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf] sfo{, cfk"lt{ jf ;]jf

jfkt ug'{kg]{ e'QmfgL afFsL eP ;f] e'QmfgL, -v_ vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhd ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf]

k|of]hgsf] nflu pTkflbt dfn;fdfgsf] d"No, lgdf{0f:yndf NofOPsf lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L,

258

-u_ lgdf{0f:ynaf6 pks/0f x6fpg nfUg] vr{, -3_ lgdf{0f sfo{df dfq nufOPsf ljb]zL sd{rf/Lsf] :jb]z

lkmtL{ vr{,/ -ª_ cfjZos eP lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ;+/If0f / ;'/Iff vr{ . -@_ pklgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] nflu ;'lj:tfsf] cfwf/df vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ lbPsf] ;"rgf cfk"lt{stf{n] k|fKt u/]sf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq l;kd]G6sf] nflu tof/ x'g] / tof/ ePsf dfn;fdfg To:tf] ;Demf}tfsf zt{ / d"Nodf :jLsf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ df plNnlvt dfn;fdfgafx]s cGo ;fdfgsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b]xfo adf]lhd ug{ ;Sg]5 M

-s_ dfn;fdfgsf] s'g} c+z k'/f u/fO{ ;Demf}tfdf

plNnlvt zt{ / d"Nodf k|fKt ug]{, jf -v_ afFsL /x]sf dfn;fdfgsf] cfk"lt{ cfb]z /4 ug]{

/ cfk"lt{stf{n] cf+lzs ¿kdf tof/ u/]sf] dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf / ;Demf}tf cGTo x'g' cufj} cfk"lt{stf{n] vl/b u/]sf] ;fdu|L jf kf6{k"hf{ jfkt cfk;L ;xdltaf6 d~h'/ ul/Psf] /sd lghnfO{ e'QmfgL ug]{ .

^&t= ljjfb ;dfwfgsf] ;+oGq M -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo / lgdf{0f

Joj;foL cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jfk|bfos jf k/fdz{bftflar vl/b

259

;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf] l;nl;nfdf pTkGg x'g] s'g} ljjfb cfk;L ;xdltaf6 ;dfwfg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd cfkl; ;xdltaf6 ljjfb

;dfwfg x'g g;s]df k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd dWo:ytfsf] dfWodaf6 ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{ s'/f vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

^&y=ljjfb k]z ug{ ;Sg]M-!_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b

;Demf}tfdf ;f] ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ;DaGwdf ljjfb pTkGg ePdf ljjfb k]z ug]{ tl/sf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] tl/sf pNn]v ubf{ ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfo / lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/dz{bftf lar cfk;L ¿kdf ;dfwfg x'g g;s]sf] s'g} ljjfb To:tf] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo jf lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, ;]jfk|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfdWo] s'g} Psn] ;Demf}tf d"No cg';f/ lg0f{ostf{ jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd ljjfb k]z ubf{ ;DalGwt kIfn]

cfk;L ;xdltaf6 ;dfwfg x'g g;s]sf] ljjfbsf] laifo v'nfO{ lnlvt ¿kdf bfaL / To:tf] bfaL k':6\ofO{ ug]{ sfuhft k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

^&b= ljjfb pk/sf] lg0f{oM -!_ lgod ^&y adf]lhdsf] bfaL k|fKt

ePsf] ;fdfGotof ltg lbgleq lg0f{ostf{ jf ljjfb;dfwfg ;ldltn] ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ To:tf] bfaL /

260

sfuhftsf] k|ltlnlk k7fO{ ;f]sf] ;DaGwdf k|ltls|of dfu ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] bfaLsf ;DaGwdf lg0f{ostf{

jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltn] :ynut lg/LIf0f ;d]t u/L hfFr a'em ;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5

-#_ lg0f{ostf{ jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltn] pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltls|of / pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] hfFr a'em ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L cfkm" ;dIf ljjfb k]z ePsf] lt; lbgleq lg0f{o lbg' kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] lg0f{odf ;DalGwt kIfsf]

bfaL k'Ug] gk'Ug] sf/0f / cfwf/ ;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

-%_ lg0f{ostf{ jf ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltn] lg0f{o ubf{ n]Vg]

efiff g]kfnL x'g'kg]{5 . ^&w= dWo:ysf] dfWodåf/f ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{M lgod ^&b

adf]lhdsf] lg0f{odf lrQ ga'em\g] kIfn] To:tf] lg0f{o ePsf] ldltn] lt; lbgleq vl/b ;Demf}tfdf sfo{ljlw pNn]v ePsf]df ;f]xLadf]lhd / gePsf]df k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd dWo:ysf] dfWod4f/f To:tf] ljjfb ;dfwfg ug]{ sf/afxL ;'? ug'{ kg]{5 .

^&g= vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo / ;f]sf] pkrf/M -!_ vl/b

;Demf}tfdf ;f] ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{{{ ;lsg] cj:yfx¿ v'nfpg' kg{]5 .

261

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf cj:yfx¿ d'Vo ¿kdf b]xfoadf]lhd x'g ;Sg]5g\ M

-s_ cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos jf lgdf{0f

Joj;foLn] vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhd sfo{ ;Dkfbg gu/]df lgod &@ sf] pklgod -@_ adf]lhd cfr/0f kfng gu/]df jf k]ZsLsf] b'¿kof]u u/]df ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf,

-v_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] nflu

;'lj:tfsf] cfwf/df vl/b ;emf}tfsf] cGTo -6ld{g];g jfO slGeg]G;_ ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf,

-u_ cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf /

-3_ sfa" aflx/sf] kl/l:yltdf vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf .

-#_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf pklgod -!_ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf

cGTo ubf{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf s'/fx¿ ;lxt ljQLo km/kmf/s ug]{ / Ifltk"lt{ lbg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf pNn]v ug'{' kg]{5 M

-s_ :jLsfo{¿kdf ;DkGg eO;s]sf sfo{, cfk"lt{ jf

;]jf afkt ug'{kg]{ e'QmfgL afFsL /x]sf] eP ;f]sf] e'QmfgL,

262

-v_ vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfd cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos jf lgdf{0f Joj;foLn] gu/]sf] sf/0faf6 ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;f] sfd ug{ jf u/fpgsf nflu nfUg]] yk vr{ afkt lghn] A]xf]g'{ kg]{ bfloTj,

-u_ cfk"lt{stf{ jf k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jfk|bfos jf

lgdf{0f Joj;foLsf] s'g} q'l6 -l8kmN6_ ljgf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo u/]sf] sf/0fn] lghn]] a]xf]g'{ k/]sf] jf:tljs xflg gf]S;fgLsf] /sd .

-$_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;fj{hlgs lxtsf nflu ;'lj:tfsf] cfwf/df vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ePsf]df

;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;f] ;Demf}tf cGTo x'g'eGbf cl3 ;DkGg eO{ ;s]sf b]xfosf sfd afktsf] /sd e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ pklgod -@_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] afFsL

/x]sf] e'QmfgL, -v_ s'g} vr{sf] e'QmfgL zf]wegf{sf]¿kdf lbg]

Joj:yf ePsf]df jf:tljs¿kdf ePsf] To:tf] vr{{,

263

-u_ vl/b ;Demf}tf cGtu{t ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] nflu ljz]if¿kdf agfOPsf dfn;fdfgsf] d"No,

-3_ u'd]sf] gfkmf / pklgod -#_ sf] v08 -u_

adf]lhdsf] /sd afx]s vl/b ;Demf}tf cGTo ubf{ nfu]sf] vr{ /

-ª_ tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] cGo vr{ .

-^_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{n] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ k"j{ hfgsf/L glbO{ ;Demf}tf tf]8\g kfpg] 5}g .

-&_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo;Fu vl/b ;Demf}tf ug]{n]

;Demf}tfadf]lhd sfd ;'? gu/]df, sfd ;'? u/L ljr}df 5f]8]df jf ;Demf}tfadf]lhd sfdsf] k|ult gu/]df ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] ;Demf}tf h'g;'s} avt cGTo ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-*_ pklgod -&_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tf cGTo ePdf ;f] sf]

sfd jfkt /flvPsf] k"/} hdfgt hkmt x'g]5 . ;Demf}tf cGTo ePsf] sf/0fn] ;Demf}tfadf]lhd afFsL /x]sf] sfo{ k'/f ug{ h] hlt /sd cfjZos k5{ ;f] /sd To;/L ;Demf}tfadf]lhd sfo{ gug]{ af]nkqbftfaf6 ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 .

-(_ pklgod -&_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tf cGo ePdf To:tf]

;Demf}tfadf]lhd afFsL /x]sf] sfo{ k'/f ug{sf] nflu

264

lgod %@v adf]lhd 5gf}6 ePsf af]nkqbftfx¿ dWo]af6 kGw| lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ tf]lsPadf]lhd cfly{s k|:tfj dfu u/L ;Demf}Tff ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-!)_ pklgod -(_ adf]lhdsf] cfly{s k|:tfa dfu ug'{ cl3

Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . -!!_pklgod -(_ adf]lhdsf] cfly{s k|:tfj lgdf{0f sfo{sf

nflu dfu ul/Psf] v'nf af]nkqsf] dfWodaf6 ePsf] ;Demf}tfsf] xsdf dfq nfu" x'g]5 .

-!@_ pklgod -(_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tf x'g g;s]df o; vl/b

lgodadf]lhdsf] vl/b k|s[of cjnDag u/L vl/b sf/afxL k|f/De ug'{ kg]{5 .

^&k= vl/b ;Demf}tf pNnª\3g eP k|fKt x'g] pkrf/M -!_ vl/b

;Demf}tfdf cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosn] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] pNnª\3g u/]df ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ k|fKt x'g] pkrf/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] pkrf/ lgod ^&g df

n]lvPsf] cltl/Qm b]xfoadf]lhd x'g ;Sg]5 M

-s_ q'l6k"0f{ sfo{ c:jLsf/ ug]{, -v_ q'l6k"0f{ dfn;fdfg tTsfn x6fpg] / ;DalGwt

cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joa;foL, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfosaf6 k|lt:yfkg ug{ nufpg],

265

-u_ ;dodf sfo{ ;Dkfbg x'g g;s] jfktsf] k"j{ lgwf{l/t Ifltk"lt{ k|fKt ug]{,

-3_ ;Demf}tfsf] cGTo ug]{ / ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf]

sfd gug]{ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, ;]jf k|bfos jf k/fdz{bftfsf] vr{df To:tf] sfo{ ;DkGg u/fpg],

-ª_ cfg'ifflËs Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg] / -r_ k|rlnt sfg'g jf vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhd

pknAw x'g] cGo pkrf/ . ^&km= vl/b sf/afxL ;DaGwL sfuhft pknAw u/fpg' kg]{M

k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd n]vf k/LIf0f, cg'udg, cg';Gwfg jf lg/LIf0f ug{ clwsf/ k|fKt lgsfon] vl/b sf/afxL ;DaGwL s'g} sfuhft dfu u/]df ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] To:tf] sfuhft dgfl;a ;dodf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .

^&a= vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgfM -!_ vl/b ;Demf}tf

;DkGg ePkl5 ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jf d"NofÍgsf] kl/0ffd ;lxtsf]] ;"rgf ltg lbgleq ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] cfk\mgf] ;"rgf kf6L / ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] jf s]Gb|Lo sfof{no jf ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nosf] j]j;fO6df k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .

266

-@_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgfdf af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jf d"NofÍg kl/0ffdsf] cltl/Qm af]nkq, k|:tfj jf l;njGbL b/efpkq ;DaGwL ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf] ldlt, ;dfrf/kqsf] gfd, ;"rgf ;ª\Vof, vl/bsf] ljifo, ;Demf}tf ug]{ af]nkqbftf, k|:tfjbftf jf l;njGbL b/efpkqbftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf / ;Demf}tfsf] d"No v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

267

kl/R5]b–!& cfr/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf

^*= vl/b sfo{df ;+nUg kbflwsf/Lsf] cfr/0f M ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfosf] vl/b of]hgf th'{df ug]{, vl/b sf/afxL ;~rfng ug]{, vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ug]{ jf vl/b ;DaGwL tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] cGo sfd ug]{ sfo{df ;+nUg s'g} kbflwsf/Ln] b]xfoadf]lhdsf] cfr/0f kfngf ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ vl/b sf/afxLdf af]nkqbftfsf] :jR5 k|lt:kwf{ x'g]

u/L cfˆgf] st{Jo lgikIf 9Ën] kfngf ug]{, -v_ vl/b sf/afxLsf] ;~rfng ;fj{hlgs lxt x'g] u/L

ug]{, -u_ vl/b ;DaGwdf cfˆgf] sfd jf cfr/0f jf Jojxf/af6

:jfy{ aflemg] sfo{ gug]{], -3_ vl/b sf/afxLsf] l;nl;nfdf cfk"mn] yfxf kfPsf]

af]nkqbftfsf] ;DklQ ;DaGwL hfgsf/L nufotsf cGo ;a} hfgsf/L uf]Ko /fVg],

-ª_ cfk"m kbdf axfn /xbfsf avt vl/b sf/f]af/ u/]sf

JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf, sDkgL / o:t} k|s[ltsf cGo s'g} lghL ;+:yfdf cfk"m kbaf6 cjsfz ePsf] b'O{ jif{;Dd sfd gug]{,


268

-r_ cfk"m ;+nUg ePsf] vl/b sf/afxLdf cfˆgf glhssf gft]bf/x¿n] af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] ¿kdf efu lnPsf] hfgsf/L x'g cfPdf cfk"meGbf Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/LnfO{ t'?Gt hfgsf/L lbO{ To:tf] vl/b sf/afxLaf6 cfk"m cnu x'g' kg]{],

:ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf nflu glhssf gft]bf/ eGgfn] Psf;uf]nsf] klt, kTgL, afj', cfdf, 5f]/f, 5f]/L, ;f;', ;;'/f, bfh', efO, lbbL, alxgL, HjfOF, ;fnf, ;fnL jf legfh' ;Demg'k5{ .

-5_ vl/b ;DaGwL sfd sf/afxL ubf{ k|rlnt sfg'g

ljk/Lt x'g] sfd gug]{, -h_ e|i6frf/hGo jf hfn;fhLk"0f{ sfo{ ug{ jf To:tf]

sfo{df ;+nUg x'g gx'g], -em_ k|lt:kwf{sf] nfeaf6 jl~rt ug{] u/fpg] pb]Zon]

af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ug'{eGbf cl3 jf kl5 ldn]dtf] ug{ jf u'6aGbLdf ;+nUg x'g gx'g] .

^*s ljefuLo sf/jfxL x'g] M -!_ tfn's sfof{no jf clVtof/

k|fKt lgsfon] cg'udg ubf{ ;DalGwt kbflwsf/Ln] of] lgod / o; lgod cGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgod plNnlvt lhDd]jf/L k'/f gu/]sf] jf cfr/0f kfngf gu/]sf] b]lvPdf To:tf kbflwsf/L pk/ k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd ljefuLo sf/jfxL ug{ clVtof/ k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf n]lvk7fpg ;Sg]5 .

269

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd n]lv cfPdf To:tf] kbflwsf/LnfO{ lq=lj=sf lgodadf]lhd ljefluo sf/jfxL u/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L To;/L n]lv k7fpg] lgsfonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

^(= k/fdz{bftfn] :jfy{ aemfpg gx'g]M -!_ k/fdz{bftfn] k/fdz{

lng] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] ;jf]{kl/ lxt x'g] u/L Jofj;flos, j:t'ut / lgikIf k/fdz{ ;]jf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ k/fdz{bftfn] k/fdz{ ;]jf k|bfg ubf{ cfkmgf] jt{dfg

jf eljiosf] cGo sfd;Fu :jfy{ aflemg] u/L sfd ug'{ x'Fb}g .

-#_ k/fdz{ ;]jf ;DaGwL sfdsf] k|s[lt k/fdz{bftfsf] cGo

s'g} ;]jfu|fxL k|ltsf] ljut jf jt{dfg bfloTj;Fu aflemg] vfnsf] jf lghn] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] ;jf]{Qd lxt x'g] u/L sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ g;Sg] vfnsf] ePdf lghnfO{ k/fdz{bftfsf] ¿kdf lgo'lQm ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

pbfx/0fM s'g} cfof]hgfsf] OlGhlgol/Ë l8hfOg tof/ ug{sf] nflu lgo'Qm ul/Psf] k/fdz{bftfnfO{ ;f]xL cfof]hgfsf] jftfj/0fLo d"NofÍg ug]{ k/fdz{bftf lgo'Qm ug{ jf ;/sf/L :jfldTjsf] s'g} ;+:yfsf] lghLs/0f ;DaGwL k/fdz{bftfnfO{ To:tf] ;DklQ vl/b ug]{ vl/bstf{sf] k/fdz{bftf lgo'Qm ug{ jf lghnfO{ jf lghsf] glhssf] gft]bf/ jf lghsf] ;+:yfsf]

270

;fem]bf/sf] gfddf To:tf] ;DklQ vl/b ug{ cg'dlt lbg ;lsg] 5}g . t/ 6g{ sL ;Demf}tf jf l8hfOg / lgdf{0f ;Demf}tfsf] xsdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g]5}g .

-$_ s'g} cfof]hgfsf] nflu dfn;fdfg pknAw u/fpg] jf lgdf{0f sfo{ ug]{ kmd{ / To;;Fu ;DalGwt cGo ;+:yf jf JolQmn] ;f]xL cfof]hgfsf] nflu k/fdz{ ;]jf k|bfg ug{ / s'g} of]hgf tof/ jf sfof{Gjog ug]{ sfdsf] nflu lgo'Qm ePsf] k/fdz{bft[ kmd{ jf ;f];Fu ;DalGwt cGo ;+:yf jf JolQmn] To:tf] cfof]hgfsf] nflu dfn;fdfg cfk"lt{ ug{ ;Sg] 5}g .

&)= k|nf]eg, e|i6frf/ jf hfn;fhLhGo Jojxf/sf] ;"rgfM ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf s'g} kbflwsf/Ln] lghnfO{ s'g} af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] k|nf]eg lbg k|:tfj u/]df jf cGo s'g} e|i6frf/ jf hfn;fhLhGo sfd u/]sf] yfxf kfPdf ;f]sf] ;"rgf To:tf] lgsfosf] k|d'v jf ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

&!= ;'kl/j]If0f / hf“ra'em ug{ ;Sg]M vl/b sf/afxLdf ;+nUg kbflwsf/Ln] o; lgoddf plNnlvt sfo{ljlw kfng u/] gu/]sf] ;DaGwdf tfn's sfof{non] ;do ;dodf ;'kl/j]If0f / hfFra'em ug{;Sg]5 .

&@= af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] cfr/0fM -!_ af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] of] lgod jf o; lgod cGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgod, vl/b ;Demf}tf tyf vl/b ;DaGwL cGo lnvtdf pNn]v eP cg'¿ksf] bfloTj kfngf ug'{ kg]{5 .

271

-@_ pklgod -!_ sf] ;j{dfGotfdf k|lts"n gx'g] u/L af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfn] vl/b k|lqmofdf jf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjogdf k|efj kfg]{ dg;fon] b]xfosf sfo{ ug{' jf u/fpg' x'Fb}g M -s_ k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ¿kdf cg'lrt k|nf]eg lbg

jf ;f]sf] k|:tfj ug{, -v_ tYo aª\UofO{ jf e'mSofO{ k]z ug{, -u_ e|i6frf/hGo jf hfn;fhLk"0f{ sfo{ ug{ jf

To:tf]]]]]]] sfo{df ;+nUg x'g, -3_ af]nkq jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfd sf/afxLdf s'g}

lsl;dn] ;+nUg x'g] cGo k|lt:kwL{ af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfsf] ;xeflutfdf x:tIf]k ug{,

-ª_ vl/b sf/afxLdf ;+nUg s'g} JolQmsf] hLp Hofg

jf ;DklQ gf]S;fg ug]{ k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf wDsL lbg] sfo{ jf s/sfkhGo sfo{ ug{,

-r_ af]nkqbftfx¿ jf k|:tfjbftfx¿lar vl/b

;DaGwL sfd afF8kmfF8 ug]{ jf af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf] d"No s[lqd jf ck|lt:kwL{ tl/sfn] sfod ug{] jf cGo s'g} tl/sfn] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ v'nf tyf :jtGq k|lt:kwf{sf] nfeaf6 jl~rt ug]{ pb]Zon] af]nkq jf k|:tfj k]z ug'{eGbf cl3 jf kl5 ldn]dtf] ug{ jf u'6aGbLdf ;+nUg x'g,

272

-5_ af]nkq jf k|:tfj vf]n]sf] ;dob]lv af]nkq jf k|:tfj :jLs[ltsf] ;"rgf glbFbf;Ddsf] cjlwdf af]nkq jf k|:tfjsf ;DaGwdf k|efj kfg]{ p2]Zon] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo;Fu ;Dks{ ug{ jf af]nkqsf] k/LIf0f / d"NofÍgdf jf k|:tfjsf] d"NofÍgdf s'g} lsl;dn] k|efj kfg]{ sfo{ ug{ .

-#_ s'g} vl/b sfo{sf] af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft jf

:k]l;lkms]zg tof/ ug{] jf vl/b sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg ug]{ lhDd]jf/L kfPsf] af]nkqbftf jf lgh;Fu cfj4 /x]sf] s'g} JolQm jf kmd{ jf ;+:yf jf sDkgL jf To:tf] kmd{ jf ;+:yf jf sDkgLdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Ln]]] To:tf] vl/bsf] af]nkq;DaGwL sf/afxLdf efu lng ;Sg] 5}g .

t/ 6g{ sL vl/b ;Demf}tf jf l8hfOg tyf lgdf{0f b'j} sfo{ ug]{ u/L ePsf] vl/b ;Demf}tfsf xsdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .

&#= sfnf];"rLdf /fVg] / k'ms'jf ug]{ M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf

af]nkqbftf, k|:tfjbftf, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos, cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cGo JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ lghsf] sfo{sf] ufDeLo{tfsf] cfwf/df ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] sfnf];"rLdf /fVg ;Sg]5 M

-s_ lgod &@ adf]lhdsf] cfr/0f ljkl/t sfd u/]sf]

k|dfl0ft ePdf,

273

-v_ lgod %@` jf %^9 adf]lhd :jLs[ltsf] nflu 5gf}6 ePsf] af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftf vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{ gcfPdf,

-u_ vl/b ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog ubf{ ;f/e"t q'l6 u/]sf] jf

;Demf}tf cg'¿ksf] bfloTj ;f/e"t¿kdf kfngf gu/]sf] jf vl/b ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;f] ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] u'0f:t/sf] gePsf] s'/f kl5 k|dfl0ft ePdf,

-3_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf efu lng cof]Uo 7xl/g] s'g} kmf}Hbf/L

s;"/df cbfntaf6 bf]ifL 7xl/Pdf, -ª_ of]Uotf 9fF6L jf e'mSofgdf kf/L vl/b ;Demf}tf u/]sf]

s'/f k|dfl0ft x'g cfPdf jf -r_ tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] cGo s'g} cj:yfdf . -@_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd

s'g} af]nkqbftf, k|:tfjbftf, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos, cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cGo JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLnfO{ sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg' k/]df To; ;DaGwL lj:t[t ljj/0f / sf/0f v'nfO{ ;Da4 sfuhft;lxt ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nonfO{ n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd sfnf];"rLdf /flvPsf]

af]nkqbftf, k|:tfjbftf, k/fdz{bftf, ;]jfk|bfos, cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL jf cGo JolQm, kmd{,

274

;+:yf jf sDkgLn] ;f]xL cjlw;Dd ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] vl/b sf/afxLdf efu lng ;Sg] 5}g .

-$_ ;fj{hlgs cg'udg sfof{non] sfnf];"rLdf /fVg] /

km's'jf ug]{ ;DaGwL u/]sf] lg0f{o ljZjljBfno / o;cGtu{tsf lgsfon] kfngf ug'{kg]{5 .

275

kl/R5]b–!* vl/b ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf

&$= ljz]if kl/l:yltdf vl/b ug]{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ o;

lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljz]if kl/l:ylt pTkGg eO{ tTsfn vl/b gubf{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ yk xflg gf]S;fgL x'g] cj:yf cfO{ k/]df ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] tTsfn vl/b ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

-@_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf k|d'vn] pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf]

kl/l:ylt / tTsfn ug'{kg]{ vl/b ;DaGwL lj:t[t ljj/0fsf] hfgsf/L Ps tx dflysf] clwsf/LnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd vl/b ubf{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] vl/bsf] cfjZostfsf] lnlvt ljj/0f, u'0f :t/, kl/df0f, zt{ / sfo{ ;DkGg ug]{ cjlw h:tf ljj/0f tof/ u/L cfsl:ds kl/l:yltsf] ;fdgf ug{ cfjZos kl/df0f / ;dfofjlwsf nflu dfq ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo jf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] j]j;fO6df Go'gtd cjlw tf]sL ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L oyf;Dej k|lt:kwf{ u/fO{ jf Pp6f dfq lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf k|bfos;Fu lnlvt b/efp jf k|:tfj lnO{ :jR5 / plrt d"Nosf] nflu jftf{ u/L vl/b ug{' kg]{5 .


276

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd vl/b ul/Psf] ePdf b]xfosf s'/f v'Ng] sfuhft lgod &(v adf]lhdsf] clen]vdf /fVg' kg]{5 M

-s_ ljz]if kl/l:ylt ;DaGwL ljj/0f, -v_ tTsfn vl/b gubf{ ;fj{hlgs ;'/Iff, lxt tyf

;fd'bflos :jf:Yodf kg]{ ;ª\s6, -u_ vl/bsf cGo ljlw ckgfpg g;lsg] sf/0f /

cfwf/ .

-%_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b; nfv ?k}ofF eGbf a9L /sdsf] vl/b u/]sf] ePdf To:tf] lgsfon] To;/L vl/b ePsf] ljj/0fsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nonfO{ k7fpg' kg]{5 .

&%= vl/b lgodadf]lhdsf] vl/b k|lqmof ckgfpg' gkg]{ M o;

lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljZjljBfno / bft[ kIflar ePsf] ;Demf}tfadf]lhd ;f] kIfsf] vl/b lgb]{lzsf -k|f]Sof]/d]06 ufO{8nfOG;_ cg'¿k vl/b ug{' k/]df of] vl/b lgodadf]lhdsf] vl/b k|lqmof ckgfpg'kg{] 5}g .

&^= ;~rf/sf ljlw M -!_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkqbftf jf k/fdz{bftfnfO{ jf af]nkqbftf jf k/fdz{bftfn] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ lbg' kg]{ egL of] lgod / o; lgodcGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgod, af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, k|:tfj cfXjfg ;DaGwL sfuhft jf vl/b ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt s'g}

277

lnvt, ;"rgf, lg0f{o jf cGo hfgsf/L o; lgoddf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s lnlvt¿kdf lbg' kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ;"rgf k7fpFbf To:tf] ;"rgf

kfpg] af]nkqbftf jf k/fdz{bftfsf] 7]ufgf kQf gnflu jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] To:tf] ;"rgf a'emfpg g;lsPsf] cj:yfdf ;f] ljifosf] ;ª\lIfKt ljj/0f pNn]v u/L /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgs ;dfrf/kq / ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo jf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] j]j;fO6df ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 / o;/L ;"rgf k|sfzg ePsf]df To:tf] JolQmn] /Ltk"j{s ;"rgf kfPsf] dflgg]5 .

&&= ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] dfWodaf6 vl/b sf/f]af/ x'g ;Sg] M -!_

o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] dfWodaf6 k"j{ of]Uotf lgwf{/0fsf] k|:tfj dfu ug{, af]nkq cfXjfgsf] ;"rgf hf/L ug{, cfzokq dfu u/L ;ª\lIfKt ;"rL tof/ ug{, k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj dfu ug{, af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft k7fpg, af]nkq, k"j{ of]Uotfsf] jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj k|fKt ug{, vl/b ;Demf}tf ug{, e'QmfgL lbg / cGo ;"rgf lbg jf lng ;Sg] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;~rf/sf] dfWod k|of]u ubf{

b]xfo adf]lhd k|of]u ug'{' kg]{5 M

-s_ To:tf ;~rf/ dfWoddf ;~rf/sf] ljifoj:t'sf] clen]v sfg'gL¿kdf dfGo / ;+/lIft x'g] u/L,

278

-v_ To:tf] ;~rf/ dfWodsf] ;'/Iff kof{Kt¿kdf x'g] u/L,

-u_ vl/b sf/afxLdf af]nkqbftfsf] kx'Fr

cg'lrt¿kn] lgolGqt gx'g] u/L / -3_ of] lgod / o; lgodcGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgod /

cGo sfg'g ljk/Lt gx'g] u/L] . &*= ljB'tLo ;+rf/ dfWodsf] k|of]uM -!_ lgod %!a sf]

pklgod -@_ sf] k|ofhgsf] nflu ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkqsf] ;"rgf O{d]nåf/f ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 / ;fj{hlgs cg'udg sfof{non] tf]s]sf] k|s[of ckgfO{ To:tf] ;"rgf ;f]em} /fVg ;lsg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ h];'s} n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljZjljBfno

cfkm}n] af]nkq;DaGwL sfo{ ljB'tLo ;+rf/sf] dfWodåf/f ug]{ u/L Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] af]nkq vl/b ug]{ /

bflvnf ug]{ sfo{ ;Dej eP ;Dd ljB'tLo ;~rf/ dfWodåf/f ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

&(= sfg'gL lnvtx¿ j]j;fO6df /fVg' kg]{ M of]] lgod / o;

lgod cGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgod / vl/b lgb]{lzsf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/L / ;'lawfsf] nflu ljZjljBfnosf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] j]j;fO6df /fVg' kg]{5 .

279

&(s= d"Nof°g ;ldlt u7g ug'{kg]{ M -!_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq, k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] cfzokq jf k|:tfj jf l;naGbL b/efpkq k/LIf0f / d"NofÍg ug{ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] b]xfoadf]lhdsf] d"NofÍg ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{5 .

-s_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t –cWoIf -v_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] cfly{s k|zf;g k|d'v –;b:o -u_ ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt k|fljlws ljz]if1 -clws[t:t/_ –;b:o -3_ ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] sfg'g;Fu ;DalGwt sd{rf/L-clws[t:t/_ –;b:o -@_ vl/b zfvfsf] k|d'vn] ;ldltsf] ;lrjsf] ¿kdf sfd

ug]{5 . -#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] d"NofÍg ;ldltn] ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf k|d'vsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ;/sf/L jf u}/ ;/sf/L If]qsf ljifo ljz]if1nfO{ cfˆgf] a}7sdf cfdGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltnfO{ k/fdz{bftfsf]

;xof]u cfjZos ePdf :jLs[t sfo{qmd / ah]6sf] cwLgdf /xL ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lgodsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ k/fdz{bftf lgo'Qm u/L lbg ;Sg]5 .

280

-%_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] b/efpkq, af]nkq jf k|:tfj d"NofÍg ug]{ sfddf cfkm"nfO{ ;xof]u ug{ pk;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-^_ d"NofÍg ;ldltsf] ;lrjn] ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] dfOGo"6

tof/ u/L /fVg' kg]{5 / ;ldltdf 5nkmn ePsf ;Dk"0f{ ljifosf] kmfOn v8f u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .

-&_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] cfˆgf] sfo{ljlw cfkm} lgwf{/0f ug{

;Sg]5 . -*_ d"NofÍg ;ldltn] o; lgoddf pNn]v ePadf]lhd

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf] k|d'v ;dIf d"NofÍg k|ltjb]g k]z ug{' kg]{5 .

&(v= vl/b sf/afxLsf] clen]v M ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] vl/b

sf/afxL ;DaGwL sfuhftsf] clen]v ;'/lIft tl/sfn] /fVg' kg]{5 . ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] x/]s vl/b sf/AffxLsf] lglDt 5'§} kmfOn v8f u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .

-@_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf]

kmfO{ndf cGo sfuhftsf cltl/Qm b]xfosf sfuhftx¿ /fVg' kg]{5 M

-s_ ;Demf}tf kmfOnsf] kl~hsf, -v_ af]nkq jf k"j{of]Uotfsf] nflu ul/Psf] cfXjfgsf]

;"rgf,

281

-u_ af]nkq, k"j{of]Uotf jf k|:tfj cfJxfg ;DaGwL sfuhftx¿,

-3_ af]nkq;DaGwL sfuhft, k"j{of]Uotf ;DaGwL

sfuhft jf k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft ;DaGwdf af]nkqbftfn] :ki6Ls/0fsf] nflu u/]sf] cg'/f]w / ;f] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;a} ;xefuL af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfx¿nfO{ k7fPsf] hjfkm,

-ª_ af]nkqbftf jf k/fdz{bftf;Fu ul/Psf] af]nkq

k]z ug'{ k"j{sf] a}7ssf] dfOGo'6 / ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ;f] dfOGo'6sf] k|ltlnlk ;a} ;xefuL af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfx¿nfO{ k7fPsf] k|df0f,

-r_ af]nkq vf]Nbfsf] dfOGo'6, -5_ af]nkqsf] d"n k|lt, -h_ af]nkq d"NofÍg ;ldltn] af]nkq d"NofÍgsf]

l;nl;nfdf af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfnfO{ ;f]w]sf] k|Zg / ;DalGwt af]nkqbftf jf k|:tfjbftfaf6 ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ k7fPsf] hjfkm,

-em_ k"j{of]Uo ePsf af]nkqbftfsf] of]Uotf d"NofÍgsf]

k|ltj]bg, -`_ k"j{of]Uo af]nkqbftfsf] ;"rL,

282

-6_ jftf{ ul/Psf] eP ;f]sf] dfOGo'6, -7_ ;kmn af]nkqbftfnfO{ k7fOPsf] :jLs[ltsf]

k|f/lDes ;"rgfsf] k|ltlnlk, -8_ c;kmn af]nkqbftfx¿nfO{ k7fOPsf] ;"rgfsf]

k|ltlnlk, -9_ vl/b ;DaGwdf k|sflzt ;a} ;"rgf, -0f_ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf k|d'v ;dIf /

k'g/fjnf]sg ;ldlt ;dIf lbPsf] lgj]bg / ;f]sf ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] k]z u/]sf] /fo k|ltlqmof, hfgsf/L tyf ;f] ;DaGwdf ePsf] lg0f{o,

-t_ vl/b ;Demf}tf,

-y_ k|ult k|ltj]bg, OGEjfO; / lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg h:tf vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjog ;Fu ;DalGwt sfuhft,

-b_ vl/b ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] eP ;f] ;DaGwL sfuhft,

-w_ dfn;fdfg k|flKt, lg/LIf0f / :jLs[lt nufotsf

sfuhft, -g_ lgdf{0f Joj;foL, cfk"lt{stf{, k/fdz{bftf jf ;]jf

k|bfos;Fu ePsf ;Dk"0f{ kqfrf/, -k_ ;j–sG6«ofS6/sf] cg'/f]w / ;f] ;DaGwdf

;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] lbPsf] hjfkm,

283

-km_ d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg / ;f];Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ sfuhft, /

-a_ vl/b ;Demf}tf ;DaGwL ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{ ePsf]

sf/afxL;Fu ;DalGwt sfuhft .

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] clen]v vl/b sf/afxL 6'Ëf] nfu]sf] sDtLdf ;ft jif{;Dd ;'/lIft /fVg' kg]{5 .

-$_ o; lgodadf]lhd clen]v /fVbf o; lgoddf To:tf]

clen]vsf] 9fFrf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd / 9fFrf lgwf{/0f gePsf]df lq=lj=s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosfn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 9fFrf adf]lhd /fVg' kg]{5 .

-%_ o; lgodadf]lhd clen]v /fVbf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] k|To]s ef}lts ;Dkltsf] clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 . -^_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhd clen]v /fVbf To:tf] ;Dkltsf]

d"No krf; nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L /x]5 eg] ;f] ;Dkltsf] nfut d"No, x|f;s6\6L / dd{t ;Def/ vr{;lxtsf] ljj/0f v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

&(u= clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg M -!_ o; lgoddf Joj:yf ePsf nfut

cg'dfg ;+zf]wg ug]{, vl/b ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ug]{, vl/b ;Demf}tfsf] Dofb yk ug]{ / e]l/Pzg cfb]z ug]{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . -@_ pklgod -!_ df plNnlvt clwsf/x¿afx]s o;

lgodadf]lhd Joj:yf ePsf c? clwsf/x¿ ;f]

284

clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] cfkm" d'lgsf] s'g} clws[tnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd k|Tofof]hg ePsf] clwsf/sf

;DaGwdf To;/L clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug]{ clwsf/Lsf] pQ/bfloTj /xL /xg]5 .

-$_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug]{

clwsf/Ln] cfkm"n] k|Tofof]hg u/]sf] clwsf/adf]lhd eP u/]sf sfdsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt clwsf/Laf6 ;do ;dodf cfjZos hfgsf/L lnO{ /fVg' kg]{5 .

&(3= 9f“rf tf]Sg ;Sg] M sfo{sf/L kl/ifbn] dfn ;fdfgsf] nfut

cg'dfg, k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg, cGo ;]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg nufot o; lgodadf]lhdsf] s'g} ljifosf] 9fFrf tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .

285

♥kl/R5]b !( ljz]if ;]jf k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf

♥ @)&# c;f/ @^ ut] j;]sf] lq= lj=;efsf] a}7saf6 vf/]h

286

kl/R5]b –@) ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut / ;+/If0f

*!= ljZjljBfnosf] ;DklQsf] lhDdf, To;sf] nut / ;+/If0f M

-!_ ΤljZjljBfnosf] s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf /x]sf] gub, a}+s df}Hbft, r]s / To;sf] ;|]:tf n]vf clws[t jf n]vfsf] sfd ug{] sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdfdf /xg]5 . lhG;L ;fdfg tyf tt\;DaGwL ;|]:tf e08f/ clws[t jf e08f/kfnsf]] lhDdfdf /xg]5 . ljZjljBfnosf] cfDbfgLsf] nut / To;;DaGwL cGo sfuhftx¿ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdf /xg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lhDdf /x]sf] ;DklQsf] lxgfldgf

gx'g] u/L nut ;|]:tf;lxt To;sf] ;+/If0f ug{] st{Jo ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vsf] x'g]5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] sfd ug{ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g

jf lgsfo k|d'vn] cfˆgf] hjfkmb]xLdf cfkm"eGbf d'lgsf cGo sd{rf/LnfO{ nufpg ;Sg]5 .

-$_ΤljZjljBfnosf] :jfldTjdf jf lhDdfdf /x]sf jf vl/b u/L jf cGo s'g} ;|f]taf6 k|fKt x'g cfPsf ;fdfgx¿, ;DklQ, hfoh]yf ;'/lIft;fy /fVg', /fVg nufpg' ljZjljBfnosf k|To]s kbflwsf/L, sd{rf/Lx¿sf] st{Jo / pQ/bfloTj x'g]5 .


287

-%_ ljZjljBfnosf s'g} ;|f]taf6 k|fKt x'g cfPsf ;fdfg / ;DklQ ;DalGwt ;|]:tf / n]vfdf ltg lbgleq cfDbfgL afFlw;Sg' kg{]5 . To:tf] ;fdfg jf ;DklQ ;|]:tf / n]vfdf cfDbfgL gafFwL vr{, k|of]u / x:tfGt/0f ug'{ u/fpg' x'Fb}g .

-^_ ljZjljBfnosf cfof]hgfx¿df ;xfotf jf C0fdf

k|fKt ePsf lhG;L ;fdfgx¿ ;|]:tfdf cfDbfgL afFw]sf] !% lbgleq ;f]sf] ljj/0f s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .

-&_ ljZjljBfnosf kbflwsf/Lx¿n] cf–cfˆgf] ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfocGtu{tsf] 3/ hUuf ;jf/L ;fwg tyf cGo tf]lsPsf ;DklQx¿sf] s]Gb|Lo nut /fVg] jf /fVg nufpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .

-*_ ljZjljBfnosf] :jfldTj jf lhDdfdf /x]sf ;fdfg jf

;DklQ JolQmut tj/n] lghL sfddf lghL kmfObfsf nflu k|of]udf nufpg' jf Nofpg lbg' x'Fb}g .

-(_ ljZjljBfnosf] s'g} klg ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] s]Gb|Lo

sfof{nosf] :jLs[lta]u/ ;Lw} ljb]zL ;ª\3 ;+:yf Ph]G;L jf /fi6«x¿af6 gubL lhG;L ;xfotf jf C0f u|x0f ug'{ x'Fb}g .

*@= lg/LIf0f ug]{M -!_Τ lgod *! adf]lhd nut v8f u/L

/flvPsf lhG;L ;fdfgx¿ s] s:tf cj:yfdf 5g\ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] jif{df sDtLdf Ps


288

k6s :jo+ jf cGo sd{rf/L jf k|fljlw1åf/f lg/LIf0f u/L jf ug{ nufO{ To;sf] k|ltj]bg lnlvt ¿kdf n]vL jf lnO{ /fVg] k|aGw ug'{k5{ . o;/L lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg lnlvt k|fKt ePkl5 ;fdfgsf] dd{t ;+ef/ cflb ug'{ u/fpg' k5{ .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/fx¿

:ki6 ¿kdf v'n]sf] x'g' kb{5 M -s_ ;fdfgsf] ;+/If0f / ;Def/ /fd|f];Fu ePsf] 5 5}g,

-v_ s] slt lhG;L ;fdfgx¿ dd{t ug'{kg]{ cj:yfdf 5g\,

-u_ s] slt lhG;L ;fdfgx¿ a]sDdf eO{ lnnfd

laqmL ug'{kg]{ 5g\, -3_ lhG;L ;fdfgsf] xflggf]S;fgL eP gePsf], ePdf

s;sf] nfk/afxL / unkmtaf6 ;f] ePsf] xf], -ª_ lhG;L lstfadf cfDbfgL gafFlwPsf lhG;L ;fdfg

eP s] slt / s:tf] cj:yfdf 5g\ .

-#_ lhG;L ;fdfgsf] ;|]:tf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf /fVg' kg]{5 .

-$_Τ o; lgodadf]lhd ug'{kg]{ sfd eP gePsf], ;fdfg / ;+klQsf] ;+/If0f eP gePsf] / tT;DaGwdf pQ/bfloTj jxg u/] gu/]sf] ;f] ;d]t 5fglag ug{ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf kbflwsf/Ln] s'g} klg ;do hfFrj'em u/fpg


289

s'g} klg lzIfs, sd{rf/L jf JolQmnfO{ v6fpg ;Sg]5 . To:tf] JolQmn] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgdf s;}dfyL sf/afxL ug'{kg]{ b]lvPdf sf/afxL ug]{ clwsf/ cfb]z lbg] kbflwsf/Lsf] x'g]5 .

*#= ladf ug]{M ljZjljBfnosf] :jfldTj jf lhDdfdf /x]sf] ;fdfg

/ ;DklQsf] cfjZostf, cf}lrTo / Jofjxfl/stfsf] cfwf/df pko'Qm ladf u/fO{ /fVg]tkm{ cfjZos sf/afxL ug'{ u/fpg' kb{5 . aLdf u/fpFbf ljZjljBfnosf] hf]lvdk"0f{ lhG;L ;fdfg / ;DklQnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' kg]{5 .

290

kl/R5]b – @! a'ema'emf/y;DaGwL Joj:yf

*$= a'ema'emf/yM -!_ gub, lhG;L ;fdfg tyf cfDbfgLsf] nut

;|]:tfsf] lhDdf lng] kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf sd{rf/L ;fwf/0ftof ;?jf, a9'jf, cjsfz k|fKt u/L jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo 5f]8L hfFbf jf ;f] sfdaf6 cnu x'Fbf a'ema'emf/y ug'{ lghsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . a'lemlng]n] klg t'?Gt a'lemlng' kg]{5 . cfn6fn u/L glnPdf ;]jf ;t{;DaGwL lgodadf]lhd ;hfFosf] efuL x'g]5 .

-@_ a'ema'emf/y x'Fbf gub jf lhG;L ;fdfg cfosf] nut

cflbsf] xfgLgf]S;fgL jf lxgfldgf ePsf] b]lvPsf]df To:tf] xflggf]S;fgL jf lxgfldgf ePsf] ;fdfg jf cfˆgf] lhDdfdf /x]sf] s'g} klg ;fdfg ;fa'b bflvnf ug{ g;s]]df lhDdf lng] JolQm;Fu To:tf] ;fdfgsf] d"No c;'npk/ u/L lghdfly ;]jf ;t{;DaGwL lgodadf]lhd sf/afxL;d]t ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd d"No c;'npk/ ug'{ kbf{ ;f]

;fdfgsf] cj:yf tyf tTsfnLg ahf/d"NonfO{ ;d]t ljrf/ u/L d"No sfod ug'{ k5{ .

-$_ a'ema'emf/y ug'{kg]{ st{Jo / bfloTj ePsf JolQmn]

ljZjljBfnosf] ;]jfaf6 s'g} sf/0fn] axfn 6'l6;s]sf] cj:yfdf jf lgh a]kQf eO{ kQf gnfu]sf] cj:yfdf jf d/]df jf :jf:Yosf] sf/0faf6 xf];\ 7]ufgfdf gePsf] jf ax'nfPsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] JolQmn] ug'{kg]{ a'ema'emf/y

291

lghsf] kl/jf/sf ;b:on] ug{ rfx]df lgh jf lghn] d~h'/ u/L k7fPsf] JolQmaf6 jf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] v6fPsf] JolQmsf] /f]xa/df h;n] a'lemlng' kg]{ xf] a'lemlng' k5{ .

*%= a'ema'emf/ysf] k|df0fkq M -!_ lgod *$ adf]lhd

a'ema'emf/y ug{] st{Jo ePsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;f]adf]lhd a/a'emf/y ul/;s]kl5 tf]lsPadflhdsf] a'ema'emf/ysf] k|df0fkq lbg'k5{ .

-@_ a'ema'emf/y ug{] sd{rf/Ln] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd

k|df0fkq k]; gu/L lghnfO{ kb:yflkt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfodf xflh/ u/fOg] 5}g .

-#_ a'ema'emf/y ug{] JolQm axfn 6'6]sf] kbflwsf/L lzIfs

jf sd{rf/L eP pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] k|df0fkq k]; gu/L lghnfO{ pkbfg, lgj[lQe/0f, ;~rosf]if cflb s'g} klg ;'ljwf lbOg] 5}g .

292

kl/R5]b –@@ lnnfd laqmL;DaGwL Joj:yf

*^= lnlvt cfb]z lagf lnnfd laqmL ug{ gx'g] M -!_ ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfo k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clwsf/Lsf] lnlvt cfb]zlagf lhG;L dfn;fdfg lnnfd laqmL jf x:tfGt/0f ug'{ u/fpg' x'Fb}g .

-@_ k|To]s ;ª\u7g jf lgsfon] ut cfly{s jif{sf] df}Hbft,

rfn" cfly{s jif{df vl/b u/]sf] tyf x:tfGt/0f eO{ cfPsf] dfn;fdfg / j:t'ut ;xfotfsf] ¿kdf k|fKt ePsf] dfn;fdfg ;d]t pNn]v u/L s"n lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] kl/df0f / d"No, rfn" cfly{s jif{df lnnfd, ldgfxf, x:tfGt/0f eO{ vr{ ePsf] kl/df0f / d"No afFsL lhG;L dfn;fdfg dWo] ;fa"t, dd{t ;Def/, lnnfd, ldgfxf ug'{kg]{ dfn;fdfgsf] kl/df0f ;d]t v'nfO{ cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] ltg dlxgfleq jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 . o;/L k|fKt ePsf] k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt a]sDdf eO{ sfd gnfUg] b]lvPsf dfn;fdfgx¿ lnnfd laqmL ug]{, dd{t ug'{kg]{ dfn;fdfgx¿ dd{t ug]{, cfDbfgL gaflwPsf hlt t'?Gt cfDbfgL afWg] st{Jo ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[tsf] x'g]5 .

-#_ pk lgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g

jf lgsfo k|d'vafx]s c?n] lbPsf] /x]5 eg] lnnfd

@)&# c;f/ @^ ut]df a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

293

laqmL ug'{kg]{ lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] ;DaGwdf To:tf] lhG;L dfn;fdfg lnnfd laqmL ug]{ cj:yfdf 5 jf 5}g ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] hfrL lnnfd laqmL ug'{kg]{ egL 7x/fPsf]df dfq lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lhG;L dfn;fdfg x:tfGt/0f

ubf{ x:tfGt/0f kmf/fd e/L x:tfGt/0f ug'{ kg]{5 . dfn;fdfg a'lemlng] sfof{non] x:tfGt/0f e} cfPsf] dfn;fdfg lhG;L vftfdf cfDbfgL afwL ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;flas sfof{nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . a'lemlng] sfof{noaf6 cfDbfgL afw]sf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 ;flas sfof{non] To:tf dfn;fdfgsf] nut s§f ug'{ kg]{5 .

*^s= lnnfd ug]{ Joj:yf M -!_ lhG;L lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf k'/fgf]

e} sfddf cfpg g;Sg] 6'6km'6 e} a]sDdf ePsf / k'gM dd{t gx'g] egL ls6fg ePsf dfn;fdfg dWo] ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] lnnfd ug'{kg]{ egL 7x/fPsf dfn;fdfgsf] k/n d"No v'n]sf]df ltg nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] / k/n d"No gv'n]sf] eP xfn d"NofÍg ePsf] d"Nodf Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Dd jf b'a} u/]/ rf/ nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf dfn;fdfg cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'v, pknlAw ;~ro clws[t, e08f/ x]g]{ clws[t jf ;xfos;d]tsf] /fo lnO{ sfof{no k|d'vn] Ps jif{leq lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .

t/ 3/ ejg h:tf l:y/ ;DklQ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\sf] lg0f{o a]u/ lnnfd laqmL ug{ kfOg] 5}g .

294

-@_ s'g} d]lzg cf}hf/ tyf ef/L pks/0f / ;jf/L ;fwg -3f]8f / ;fOsn afx]s_ rfn" xfntsf] eP klg k'/fgf] df]8n, To;sf] :k]o/ kf6{ k"hf{sf] cefj tyf dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;~rfngdf a9L vr{ nfUg] tyf jt{dfg cj:yfdf cg'kof]uL egL d]sflgsn k|fljlwsaf6 k|ltj]bg k]z u/]sf d]lzg cf}hf/ tyf ef/L pks/0f / pklgod -!_ df plNnlvt d"No eGbf a9L k/n d"No jf d"NofÍg ePsf dfn;fdfg ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] lnnfd ug'{kg]{ egL 7x/fPdf To:tf dfn;fdfg hfra'em Pjd\ ;e]{If0f u/L l;kmfl/; ug{ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ df plNnlvt dfn;fdfgsf] d"NofÍgsf]

nflu b]xfoadf]lhdsf] ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg{]5M

-s_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] xsdf /lhi6«f/ jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[tsf] cWoIftfdf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dxfzfvf k|d'vn] tf]s]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] ljz]if1 / n]vf k/LIf0f dxfzfvfn] tf]s]sf] clws[t :t/sf] k|ltlglw ePsf] ltg hgfsf] ;ldlt .

-v_ v08 -s_ df plNnlvt s]Gb|Lo:t/sf]

sfof{noafx]s pkTosfsf cGo sfof{nosf] xsdf sfof{no k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[tsf] cWoIftfdf OlGhlgol/ª cWoog ;+:yfgsf] k|fljlws k|ltlglw / cfly{s k|zf;g k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t:t/sf] k|ltlglw ePsf] ;ldlt .

295

-u_ v08 -s_ / -v_ df plNnlvt s]Gb|Lo:t/sf] sfof{no afx]s pkTosf aflx/sf cGo sfof{nosf] xsdf sfof{no k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[tsf] cWoIftfdf OlGhlgol/ª cWoog ;+:yfgcGtu{tsf] SofDk;sf] jf lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{nosf] k|fljlws k|ltlglw / cfly{s k|zf;g k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] clws[t :t/sf] k|ltlglw ePsf] ;ldlt .

-3_ k|fljlws k|ltlglw tf]Sbf oyf;Dej ;DalGwt

lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] 1fg ePsf] sd{rf/L v6fpg' kg]{5 .

-ª_ b; nfv ?k}ofFeGbf a9L d"No kg]{ jf ljz]if

k|sf/sf] lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] xsdf o; ;ldltn] a9Ldf b'O{ hgf;Dd ;DalGwt ljifosf k|fljlws cfdGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-r_ pklgod -^_ adf]lhd cfjZos cWoog ;j]{If0f

u/L d"No gtf]lsPsf]df cg'dflgt d"No;d]t tf]sL o; ;ldltn] sfof{no k|d'v ;dIf l;kmfl/;sf] k|ltj]bg lbg]5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; ePkl5

k/nd"No v'n]sf]df b; nfv ¿k}of;Dd / d"No gv'nL d"NofÍg ePsf]df b'O{ nfv ?k}of;Dd / b'a} u/L af¥x nfv ¿k}of d"No;Ddsf] lhG;L dfn;fdfg ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] lnnfd ug]{5 . ;f]eGbf

296

dfly d"No ePsf]df lnnfd ug]{ :jLs[ltsf] nflu ;a} A]xf]/f v'nfO{ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd ;DalGwt s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf

k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 To:tf] k|ltj]bgsf] ;DaGwdf ;j]{If0f Pjd\ d"NofÍg ug{ s]Gb|Lo sfof{non] b]xfosf ;b:ox¿ ePsf] ;ldlt u7g u/L ;j]{If0f Pjd\ d"NofÍg u/fpg' kg]{5 .

pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/]s} d"NofÍg dgfl;a nfu]df /lhi6«f/n] To;}nfO{ ;dy{g u/L] :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5M

-s_ /lhi6«f/n] tf]s]sf] clws[t k|yd >]0fLsf] clws[t – cWoIf -v_ ;DalGwt ljifosf] Ol~hlgo/ – ;b:o -u_ k|ltlglw -clws[t:t/_,;DalGwt sfof{no –

;b:o -3_ cfly{s k|zf;g zfvf k|d'v – ;b:o -ª_ sfg'g;+u ;DalGwt sd{rf/L – ;b:o -r_ ;fdfGo k|zf;g dxfzfvf clws[t:t/sf] k|ltlglw –;b:o–

;lrj

297

-^_ pklgod -#_ jf -%_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn]] dfn;fdfgsf] d"No sfod ubf{ dfn;fdfgsf] pkof]lutf, ;]jf cfo', ¥xf; s§L, cjz]if d"No / ahf/ d"No ;d]t ljrf/ u/L d"No sfod ug'{ kg]{5 . ¥xf; s§L ubf{ cfos/ sfg'gadf]lhdsf] b/df s§L ug'{ kg]{5 . eG;f/ glt/]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] d"No sfod ubf{ eG;f/ dx;"n ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L ;f] z'Ns;d]tdf ¥xf; s§L ug'{ kg]{5 .

t/ o;/L plNnlvt cfwf/x¿ s'g} klg jf cf+lzs¿kdf ls6fg ug{ g;lsg] dfn;fdfgsf] xsdf sfof{no k|d'vn] ljefuLo k|d'v ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5 ljefuLo k|d'vn] ;DalGwt ljz]if1nfO{ dfn;fdfg k|of]udf cfpg] jf gcfpg] af/] hfFra'em ug{ nufpg' kg]{5 . ;DalGwt ljz]if1n] To:tf dfn;fdfg dd{t u/]/ klg k'gM k|of]u x'g g;Sg] jf dd{t ubf{ pklgod -!^_ adf]lhdsf] l:ylt x'g] k|ltj]bg lbPdf ;f]xL k|ltj]bgnfO{ cfwf/ lnO{ d"No sfod ug]{ lgb]{zg /lhi6«f/n] lbg' kg]{5 .

-&_ pklgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; k]z ePkl5 s]Gb|Lo sfofnon] lnnfd ug]{ cfb]zsf ;fy ;DalGwt sfof{nodf k7fOlbg' kg]{5 . o;/L cfb]z k|fKt ePkl5 sfof{non] pklgod -*_ adf]lhd lnnfd laqmL ug]{5 .

-*_ pklgod -&_ adf]lhd lnnfd ug]{ cfb]z k|fKt ePkl5

jf pklgod -!_adf]lhd lnnfd ug]{ lg0f{o ePkl5 Ps nfv ¿k}of;Ddsf] dfn;fdfg lnnfd laqmL ug{ kGw| lbgsf] / ;f] eGbf a9L d"Nosf] dfn;fdfg lnnfd

298

laqmL ug{ PSsfO{; lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ b]xfosf s'/fx¿;d]t v'nfO{ ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L lnnfd a9fa9 u/fpg' kg]{5 M

-s_ dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f, -v_ dfn;fdfgsf] Go"gtd d"No, -u_ lnnfd a9fa9 x'g] :yfg, ;do -;'? / cGTo x'g]

;do ah]_ / ldlt, -3_ Go"gtd d"Noaf6 a9fa9 ;'? x'g] s'/f, -ª_ lnnfd ;sf/ ug{ 8fFs af]Ng' cl3 g} Go"gtd

d"Nosf] kfr k|ltztn] x'g] gub w/f}6L /fVg' kg]{ s'/f / 8fs cª\s a9\b} uPdf ;f]xL cg'kftdf w/f}6L yk ub}{ hfg' kg]{ s'/f,

-r_ lnnfd ;sf/ u/]sf] dfn;fdfg p7fO{ n}hfg' kg]{

cjlw, -5_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx¿ .

-(_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

af]nkqaf6 lnnfd laqmL ug{ dgfl;a b]lvPdf dfn;fdfg x]g{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ldnfO{ pklgod -*_ adf]lhd Dofb lbO{ af]nkq dfu ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L af]nkq cfJxfg ul/Psf]df af]n cª\ssf] b; k|ltztn] x'g] /sd a/fa/sf] a}Í hdfgt jf w/f}6L vftfdf hDdf u/]sf] ef}r/ af]nkq ;fy /fVg' kg]{5 . af]nkq

299

dfu ubf{ af]nkq vl/b / bflvnf ;DaGwL sfo{ ;DalGwt sfof{no / s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .

-!)_ pklgod -*_ jf -(_ adf]lhd k|sflzt ;"rgfadf]lhd

lnnfd ;sf/ ug{ rfxg] JolQm, kmd{, ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] b]xfoadf]lhdsf] /sd lt/L ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 ;f] sfof{nosf] sfof{no k|d'v jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] b:tvt / sfof{nosf] 5fk nfu]sf] af]nkq kmf/fd lsGg' kg]{5 M

-s_ Ps nfv ?k}ofF;Dd Go"gtd d"No sfod ePsf]

af]nkqsf] nflu ?= #)).– -v_ Ps nfv eGbf dfly b; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd

Go"gtd d"No sfod ePsf] af]nkqsf] nflu ?= !,))).–

-u_ b; nfveGbf dfly hlt;'s} /sd Go"gtd d"No

sfod ePsf] af]nkqsf] nflu ?= @,))).–

-!!_ pklgod -*_ / -(_ adf]lhdsf] lnnfd a9fa9 ug{ jf af]nkq dfu u/L lnnfd laqmL ug{] ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ k/n d"No gv'n]sf]df xfn d"NofÍg ubf{ Ps nfv ¿k}of;Dd d"No sfod x'g] dfn;fdfg / k/n d"No v'n]sf]df xfn d"NofÍg ubf{ ltg nfv ?k}ofF;Dd d"No sfod x'g] dfn;fdfgsf] lnnfd laqmL ug{ af]nkq dfu ug]{ sfof{no / s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosdf af]nkq cfJxfgsf] ;"rgf 6fF; u/L / ;f]eGbf a9L d"No sfod

300

x'g] dfn;fdfg /fli6«o:t/sf] kqklqsfdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L lnnfd laqmL ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L lnnfd laqmL ubf{ klxnf] k6s lnnfd laqmL x'g g;s]df ;ft lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ k'gM lnnfd laqmLsf] sf/afxL ug'{ kg]{5 . k'gM lnnfd laqmLsf] sf/afxL ubf{ klg lnnfd x'g g;s]df sfod d"Nodf g36\g] u/L l;w} jftf{af6 laqmL ug{ ;lsg]5 . jft{faf6 klg laqmL gePdf k'g d"NofÍg u/L lnnfd ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-!@_ lnnfd ;sf/ u/]sf] lhG;L dfn;fdfg ;DalGwt

sfof{non] tf]s]sf] cjlw leq saf]n u/]sf] k'/f /sd a'emfO{ gp7fPdf /flvPsf] w/f}6L hkmt u/L hkmt /sd a/fa/ dfq 3f6L sa'n ePsf qmdzM bf];|f], t];|f] jf rf}yf} 36Ljfnfsf] sa'n cª\s :jLs[t ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L ubf{ klg lnnfd x'g g;s]df k'gM lnnfd ug'{ kg]{5 .

-!#_ pklgod -!!_ adf]lhdsf] k|lqmofaf6 laqmL x'g

g;s]df pklgod -#_ / -%_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltaf6 k'gM d"NofÍg u/fO{ lnnfd a9fa9 u/fpg' kg]{5 .

o;/L k'gM d"NofÍg ul/Psf] d"Nodf klg lnnfd a9fa9 x'g g;s]df ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k||d'vn] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] k|ltlglwsf] /f]xa/df d"No sfod u/L s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] :jLs[lt lnO{ l;w} laqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L l;w} laqmL x'g g;s]df s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] lg0f{oaf6 nut s§f ug'{ kg]{5 .

301

-!$_ ;jf/L ;fwg, d]zLg/L, cf}hf/ / k|fljlws dfn;fdfgafx]s kmlg{r/ Hf:tf dfn;fdfgsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ ;ldlt g/fvL cfos/ k|of]hgsf] nflu lgwf{l/t x|f; s§L b/sf] cfwf/df d"No sfod ug{ ;lsg]5 . cfo' lglZrt ePsf h'g;'s} dfn;fdfgsf] cfo' ;dfKt ePkl5 pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltaf6 d"NofÍg u/fO{ lnnfd laqmL ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-!%_ o; lgodadf]lhd lnnfd laqmL eP jf gePsf]

;DaGwdf tfn's sfof{non] jif{sf] Ps k6s lg/LIf0f u/L ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg Ps tx dflysf] clws[t ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-!^_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

af/ jif{ eGbf a9L k'/fgf / rfn" xfntdf g/x]sf jf rfn" xfntdf Nofpg ;f]xL dfn;fdfgsf] ahf/ d"Nosf] klRr; k|ltzt eGbf a9L dd{t vr{ nfUg] ePdf sfof{no k|d'vn] pklgod -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df lnnfd laqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-!&_ lgdf{0f ePsf ef}lts ;+/rgf eTsfO{ lnnfd laqmL

ubf{ eTsfpg nfUg] vr{ / dfn;fdfg laqmL ubf{ k|fKt x'g] /sdsf] cfO6d jfOh nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug{' kg]{5 . lnnfdaf6 k|fKt x'g] /sd EfTsfpbf nfUg] vr{eGbf a9L x'g cfPdf km/s /sdnfO{ g} Go"gtd d"No dfgL lnnfd 36f36 ;DaGwL sf/afxL ug'{ kg]{5 .

302

*^v= gi6 ug'{kg]{ M sfof{non] k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd cfˆgf] df}Hbftdf /x]sf] dfn;fdfgsf] pkef]u ldlt ;dfKt ePdf jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 pkef]u ug{ gx'g] k|dfl0ft ePdf To:tf] dfn;fdfg d'r'Nsf u/L ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf gi6 ug'{ kg]{5 . o;/L gi6 u/]kl5 To:tf] ;fdfgnfO{ d'r'Nsfsf] cfWff/df lhG;L vftfdf ldGxf vr{ hgfpg' kg]{5 .

*û= k':tssf] lnnfd tyf x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ x/]s

k':tsfnon] cfly{s jif{ cGt ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq k':tsx¿sf] pklgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f tof/ ug'{kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ b]xfoadf]lhdsf]

k':tsx¿ 5'\6\6f5'6\6} /fVg'kg]{5 .

-s_ jfOl08ª u/L jf dd{t u/L k'g k|of]u x'g] k':tsx¿ -v_ k'g k|of]u gx'g] em'qf k':tsx¿ -u_ kf7\oqmdsf cfwf/df n]lvPsf k'/fgf] ;+:s/0f eO{ jf

;DalGwt ljifo ;~rfng gePsf] sf/0fn] kf7sn] k|of]u gu/]sf kf7\ok':tsx¿

-3_ k':ts n]gb]g -O:o'_ sf nflu /flvPsf b; aif{;Dd Ps

k6s klg kf7sn] O:o' gu/]sf k':tsx¿ -ª_ gofF ;+:s/0f pknAw ePsf] k'/fgf ;+:s/0fsf k':tsx¿

jf la; aif{ eGbf k'/fgf k':tsx¿

303

-#_ pklgod -@_sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf k':tsx¿ ltg dlxgfleq dd{t u/L k'g k|of]u ug'{kg]{5 .

-$_ pklgod -@_sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf k':tsx¿ k':tsfno

ljsf; ;ldlt jf k':tsfno Joj:yfkg tyf ljsf; ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df nut s6\6f u/L em'qf sfuhsf] ¿kdf lnnfd laqmL ug'{kb{5 .


pklgod -@_sf] v08 -u_,-3_,-ª_ adf]lhdsf k':tsx¿ k':tsfnodf /fVg] jf x:tfGt/0f ug]{ eGg] ;DaGwdf k':tsfno ljsf; ;ldlt jf k':tsfno Joj:yfkg tyf ljsf; ;ldltn] lg0f{o ug]{5 . k':tsfnodf /fVg] egL lg0f{o ePsf] jfx]ssf k':tsx¿ k':tsfno ljsf; ;ldlt jf k':tsfno Joj:yfkg tyf ljsf; ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df b]xfosf] k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df b]xfosf lgsfox¿nfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-s_ ljZjljBfnosf SofDk; jf lgsfosf k':tsfnox¿

-v_ ;fd'bflos÷;fj{hlgs k':tsfnox¿ -u_ ;fd'bflos SofDk;sf k':tsfnox¿ -3_ ;fj{hlgs ljBfnosf k':tsfnox¿ -ª_ ;fdflhs ;+:yfsf k':tsfnox¿

304

-^_ lgod -%_ adf]lhd x:tfGt/0f ug{ lg0f{o ul/Psf] k':ts ltg aif{;Dd x:tfGt/0f ug{ g;lsPdf pklgod -$_ adf]lhd k|s[of ckgfO{ nut s§f ug{ ;lsg]5 .

*&=♥ **=♥ *(=♥

♥ @)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 vf/]h

305

kl/R5]b – @# ldgfxf;DaGwL Joj:yf

()= ldgfxf lbg ;lsg]M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf b]xfosf ;fdfgx¿

cf}}lrTo / cfjZostfsf] cfwf/df ldgfxf lbg ;lsg]5 M

-s_ s'g} eljtJo jf cfsl:ds jf k|fs[lts 36gfn] jf o:t} cfˆgf] sfa'aflx/sf] kl/l:yltn] sfd gnfUg] jf dd{t ug{ gx'g] u/L gf]S;fgL jf Iflt ePsf] jf dd{tof]Uo gePsf] jf dd{tof]Uo eP tfklg cgfjZos ¿kn] dd{t sfo{df a9L vr{ x'g] jf lnnfdLdf k7fpg klg pko'Qm gx'g] ;fdfg,

-v_ ;'sg, r'xg / htL{ jf 6'6km'6 jf o:t} sf/0faf6

gf]S;fg jf Iflt ePsf] ;fdfg, -u_ 8s}tL jf rf]/L jf o:t} kmf}hbf/L sfo{af6 ePsf]

jf x/fPsf] ;fdfgdWo] kQf gnfu]sf jf c;'nL x'g g;s]sf jf g;Sg] lglZrt ePsf ;fdfg,

-@_ pklgod -!_ cg';f/sf ;fdfg ldgfxf x'g pko'Qm 5

egL cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIfs jf cGo tf]lsPsf] clwsf/Ln] ldgfxfsf] l;kmfl/;;fy k|dfl0ft u/]sf] x'g'k5{ .

-#_ ldgfxf lbg] clwsf/ b]xfosf clwsf/Lx¿nfO{

b]xfoadf]lhdsf] xb;Dd /xg] 5 M

306

-s_Τ vl/b d"No ?= @),))).– ;Ddsf ;fdfgx¿ ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn],

-v_ vl/b d"No ?= %),))).– ;Ddsf ;fdfgx¿

/lh:6«f/n], -u_ vl/b d"No ? !,)),))).– ;Ddsf ;fdfgx¿

pks'nkltn], -3_ vl/b d"No v08 -u_df tf]lsPeGbf a9L ePsf

;fdfgx¿ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\ jf kl/ifb\n] tf]s]sf] ;ldltn] .

-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yf k/L ;fdfgx¿ ldgfxf

u/LkfpF egL ;DalGwt JolQmn] lgj]bg lbPdf ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'v cfkm}n] jf pks'nklt;dIf n]vL k7fO{ pks'nkltåf/f cfjZostf cg';f/ ;f] ;DaGwdf hfFra'em, 5fglag ug{ ;ldlt;d]t u7g ug{ ;lsg]5 . o;/L ;dlt u7g ul/Psf]df ;f] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] pko'Qm 7x/fP adf]lhd plrt k|lqmof ckgfO{ ldgfxf lbg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ o; lgodadf]lhd c;'npk/ ug'{kg{] /sd jf lhG;L

;fdfg lhDdf lnPsf lhDd]jf/ JolQm d/L jf dflg; , 3/jf;, h]yf kQf nfUg g;sL c;'n x'g g;s]df Ps JolQmsf] nflu b]xfosf clwsf/Ln] b]xfosf] xb;Dd ldgfxf lbg ;Sg]5 .


307

-s_ gub ?= !),))).–;Dd / lhG;L ;fdfg ?= !),))).–;Ddsf] ;DalGwt ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn],

-v_ gub ?= @),))).– ;Dd / lhG;L ;fdfg

?= @),))).– ;Ddsf] /lh:6«f/n], -u_ gub ?= #),))).– ;Dd / lhG;L ;fdfg

?= #),))).– ;Ddsf] pks'nkltn], -3_ v08 -u_ df tf]lsPsf] xbeGbf a9L sfo{sf/L

kl/ifb\ jf kl/ifb\n] tf]s]sf] ;ldltn] . -^_ k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd n]vf k/LIf0f jf s'g} lsl;dsf]

hfFr k/LIf0f, a]?h' ePsf]df o; lgodadf]lhd km5\{of6 x'g g;sL a]?h' afFsL g} /x]sf] cj:yfdf cfjZostf / cf}lrTo x]/L sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] pko'Qm k|lqmof ckgfO{ ldgfxf lbg ;Sg]5 .

308

kl/R5]b –@$ ;DklQsf] x:tfGt/0f, afxfn jf lnhdf

lng]lbg];DaGwL Joj:yf

(!= ljZjljBfnosf] lg0f{o ljgf ;DklQ x:tfGt/0f ug{ gx'g]M -!_ ljZjljBfnosf] rn crn ;Dklt tyf cGo k"FhLut hfoh]yf o; lgoddf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ bfg bftJo jf s'g} lsl;daf6 xs x:tfGt/0f ug'{ u/fpg' x'Fb}g .

-@_ ljZjljBfnosf] rn crn ;Dkltsf] xs x:tfGt/0f ug{]

clwsf/ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\nfO{ x'g]5 . sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] of] clwsf/ cfkm}+n] jf ljZjljBfnosf s'g} kbflwsf/L jf ;ldlt jf s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vnfO{ k|Tofof]hg u/L x:tfGt/0f ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ df h];'s} n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

ljZjljBfnosf] ;Dklt x:tfGt/0fsf] sfo{n] ljZjljBfnonfO{ kg{ ;Sg] c;/sf] ;DjGwdf ljrf/ u/L sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] ljZjljBfnosf] ;DklQ x:tfGt/0f ug'{eGbf klxn] To:tf] x:tfGt/0f;DaGwL k|:tfj cg'df]bgsf nflu ljZjljBfno ;efdf k]; ug'{ kg{]5 .

-$_ pklgod -#_ adf]lhd ljZjljBfno ;efdf k]; ePsf]

;DklQ x:tfGt/0f;DaGwL ljZjljBfno ;efsf] b'O{ltxfO ax'dtn] kfl/t u/]df pklgod -@_ sf] clVtof/jfnfn] x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;Dg]5 .

309

(@= ;DklQ afxfn jf lnhdf lng lbg ;Sg] M Τ-!_ ljZjljBfnosf] :jfldTj jf cwLgdf /x]sf] 3/, hUuf jf s'g} ;DklQ afxfn jf lnhdf lng lbg ;lsg]5 . ljZjljBfnon] klg cGo JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] :jfldTjsf] ;DklQ afxfn jf lnhdf lng ;Sg]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd jfxfn jf lnhdf lng] lbg]

clwsf/ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 . (#= lnh jf afxfndf ln+bf lb+bf ckgfpg' kg{] sfo{ljlwM -!_

afxfn jf lnhdf ln+bf lbFbf lng] lbg]] b'j} kIfn] b]xfosf ;t{x¿ pNn]v u/L k§f -;Demf}tf_ ug{' kg{]5 M

-s_ afxfn jf lnhdf lng]lbg] ef}lts ;DklQsf] ljj/0f, -v_ dfl;s jf jflif{s afxfnsf] /sd, ;f] afxfnsf] /sd

yk36 jf x]/km/ x'g ;Sg] cj:yf tyf afxfnsf] /sdsf] e'QmfgLsf] tl/sf / k|lqmof,

-u_ afxfnsf] cjlw / ;f] cjlw a9\g a9fpg ;lsg]

cj:yf, -3_ afxfndf lng]lbg] ef}lts ;DklQsf] ¿k jf ;+/rgfdf

x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg] g;Sg] Joj:yf, -ª_ dd{t ug{] / u/fpg] bfloGj, -r_ ladf ug'{ kg{] eP ;f]sf] bfloTj,


310

-5_ b}jL k|sf]kaf6 x'g] Ifltdf jxg ug'{kg{] bfloTj, -h_ afxfnsf] cjlwcufj} 5f]8\g' jf 5f]8fpg' kg{] eP

;f];DaGwL ;t{x¿ / -em_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx¿ .

-@_ ljZjljBfnon] s'g} ef}lts ;DklQ jf dfnj:t' afxfn

jf ef8fdf lng'lbg' kbf{ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] o; lgodadf]lhdsf] jf]nkq;DaGwL l;4fGtx¿ cg';/0f u/L lng'lbg' kg{]5 .

311

kl/R5]b –@% 5kfO, k|sfzg / lj1fkg;DaGwL Joj:yf

($= 5kfO ;DaGwL Joj:yfM -!_ Τ;fdfGotof ljZjljBfnosf] s'g} ;ª\u7g jf lgsfonfO{ ! jif{sf nflu cfjZos kg{] ;fdu|Lsf] 5kfO ;s];Dd Ps} k6s ug'{ k5{ . o; lgodadflhd tf]lsPsf] clwsf/Lsf] cfb]zljgf 5fKg] jf 5kfOsf] sfo{ ug'{ x'Fb}g .

-@_ ljZjljBfnosf] k/LIff;Fu ;DalGwt k|Zgx¿sf]

uf]kgLotf sfod /fVg ljb]zL 5fkfvfgfaf6 5kfO ug{ ;lsg]5 .

-#_ 5kfO;DaGwL sfo{ ubf{ o; lgodsf] kl/R5]b !! df

pNn]lvt l;4fGtx¿sf] kfngf ug'{ kg{]5 . (%= k|sfzg;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ ljZjljBfnosf] s'g} ;ª\u7g jf

lgsfon] cfˆgf] k|sfzg jf ;]jfk|bfgafkt nfutsf] cfwf/df d'gfkmf;lxt d"No lgwf{/0f ug{ kfpg]5 . t/ nfuteGbf sd jf gf]S;fg x'g] u/L s'g} k|sfzg jf ;]jf k|bfg u/]afktsf] d"No lgwf{/0f sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\sf] k"j{:jLs[ltljgf ug{ kfOg] 5}g .

-@_ ljZjljBfnosf] k|sfzg jf s'g} j:t'sf] laqmL ljt/0fsf

nflu ljZjljBfnon] ljq]mtf jf ljt/s lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 . ljqm]tf jf ljt/snfO{ lbg] 5'6 jf sld;g jf


312

cGo s'/fx¿ ljZjljBfno / ;DalGwt kIfsf lar ePsf] ;Demf}tfåf/f lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .

-#_ ljZjljBfnoaf6 tof/ ul/Psf s[lt, u|Gy, kf7\ok':ts

cflb ljZjljBfnon] ;nfdL -/f]oN6L_ lng] u/L lghL If]qsf Jofj;flos ;+:yfx¿nfO{ k|sfzg ug{ lbg ;Sg]5 .

(^= lj1fkg;DaGwL Joj:yfM!_ ljZjljBfnon] cfjZostf /

cf}lrTocg';f/ ljleGg ;~rf/sf dfWodnfO{ lj1fkg lbg ;Sg]5 . ljZjljBfnosf] :jLs[lt glnO{ k|sfzg u/]sf] lj1fkgsf xsdf e'QmfgL lbg ljZjljBfnonfO{ s/ nfUg] 5}g .

-@_ lj1fkg;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tyf sfo{ljlw sfo{sf/L

kl/ifb\n] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .

313

kl/R5]b –@^ a9L ;do -cf]e/ 6fOd_ sfddf nufpg] / tT;DaGwL

eQf Joj:yf

(&= a9L ;do sfd nufpg ;lsg] M-!_ ljZjljBfnosf]] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} kbflwsf/L, lzIfs / sd{rf/LnfO{ lgoldt tf]lsPsf] sfo{ 3G6feGbf a9L ;dosf nflu sfddf nufpg ;lsg]5 . o;/L a9L ;do sfddf nufOPdf sfd ug'{ ;DalGwt kbflwsf/L, lzIfs, sd{rf/Lsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd a9L ;do sfd u/]sf kbflwsf/L

/ ;xk|zf;s jf ;f] ;/x jf dflyNnf] kbsf sd{rf/L / dfl;s eQf kfpg] sd{rf/Lafx]s cGo lzIfs jf sd{rf/Ln] a9L ;dodf sfd u/]sf] 3G6fsf nflu sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] cltl/Qm -cf]e/6fOd_ eQf kfpg]5 .

-#_ dlxgfdf a9L ;do hlt;'s} 3G6f sfd ul/Psf] eP

tfklg a9L ;do eQf kfpg u|fx\o sd{rf/Lsf] vfO{kfO{ cfPsf] dfl;s tnasf] ;f7L k|ltzteGbf a9L cltl/Qm eQf s'g} dlxgfdf x'g ;Sg] 5}g .

-$_ Τpklgod -@_ df pNn]lvt cf]e/ 6fOd eQf kfpg] afx]ssf kbflwsf/L,lzIfs jf sd{rf/Ln] a9L ;do sfd u/]afkt kfpg] vfhf vr{ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .


314

-%_ cltl/Qm eQfsf] b/ / vfhfvr{ b/ tyf a9L ;do sfd nufpg];DaGwL sfo{ljlw sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .

-^_ ljZjljBfnosf] s'g} lgsfodf sfd ug]{

kbflwsf/L, lzIfs tyf sd{rf/LnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] k|f]T;fxg eQf / To;sf] cfwf/ sfo{sf/L kl/ifbn] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 . o;/L k|f]T;fxg eQf kfpg] kbflwsf/L, lzIfs tyf sd{rf/Ln] cltl/Qm ;do sfd u/]sf] eQf kfpg] 5}gg\ .

-&_ k|f]T;fxg eQf k|fKt ug]{ kbflwsf/L, lzIfs, sd{rf/Lsf]

xsdf pklgod -#_ sf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g . -*_pklgod -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

ljZjljBfnosf] :yfoL ;]jfdf sfo{/t lzIfs tyf sd{rf/LnfO{ sfo{/t SofDk;df cf+lzs sIff lng] u/L lhDd]jf/L lbFbf dfl;s tnasf] ;f7L k|ltzteGbf a9Lcltl/Qm kfl/>lds k|bfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .

@)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk @)&# ;fn kf}if @) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk Joj:yf

315

kl/R5]b – @& eQf, ;'ljwf;DaGwL Joj:yf

(*= e|d0fdf v6fpg ;Sg] clwsf/L M-!_ ljZjljBfnosf] sfddf

e|d0f jf sfhdf hfg'kg{] ePdf pks'nkltn] cfˆgf] sfo{qmd cfkm}F g} agfpg] 5 . o;/L e|d0f jf sfhdf hfg] jf uPsf] hfgsf/L sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\nfO{ lbg' kg{]5 .

-@_ pks'nkltafx]s cGo kbflwsf/L,lzIfs, sd{rf/LnfO{

e|d0f cfb]z lbg] clwsf/ b]xfoadf]lhdsf clwsf/L, lzIfs,sd{rf/LnfO{ e|d0f cfb]z lbg] clwsf/ b]xfoadf]lhdsf clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 M

-s_ lzIffWoIf / /lh:6«f/nfO{ – pks'nklt -v_ 8Lg,cg';Gwfg s]Gb| / kf7\oqmd ljsf; – pks'nklt jf s]Gb|sf sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs,k/LIff lgoGqs, lzIffWoIf lk|lG;kn / ;f] ;/xsf kbflwsf/Lx¿ jf /lh:6«f/ -u_ cWoog ;+:yfg / ;ª\sfo cGtu{tsf – 8Lg jf /lh:6«f/ cfª\lus SofDk;sf SofDk; k|d'vx¿nfO{ -3_ cg';Gwfg s]Gb| / kf7\oqmd ljsf; s]Gb|sf – sfo{sf/L

lgb{]zs lzIfs jf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{

-ª_ SofDk;sf lzIfs tyf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ – SofDk; k|d'v -r_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf sfo{/t lzIfs jf – pks'nklt jf sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf lzIffWoIf jf /lh:6«f/

316

-5_ SofDk;sf lzIfs tyf sd{rf/LnfO{ – pks'nklt jf ljz]if cj:yfdf e|d0f cfb]z lzIffWoIf jf

/lh:6«f/ jf 8Lg

-h_ cWoog ;+:yfgcGtu{tsf] – 8Lgsf] l;kmfl/;df

lzIfs tyf sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf lzIffWoIf jf ljb]zdf e|d0f ug'{kbf{ /lh:6«f/ -em_ v08 -5_ afx]s ;ª\sfo jf ;ª\sfo – pks'nklt jf cGtu{tsf] SofDk; jf ;ª\u7g jf lzIffWoIf lgsfosf] lzIfs jf sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf jf /lh:6«f/ ljb]zdf e|d0f ug'[{kbf{ -`_ cGo lzIfs jf sd{rf/L – ;DalGwt

;ª\u7g ljb]zafx]s cGo 7fpFdf e|d0f ug'{kbf{ jf lgsfo k|d'v (*s e|d0f lskmfotL x'g' kg]{ M -!_ ljZjljBfnosf] vr{df e|d0f

ug]{ kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf sd{rf/Ln] ;Dej eP;Dd lskmfotL / sd vlr{nf] af6f] jf ;jf/L ;fwg k|of]u u/L e|d0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ e|d0f ubf{ clws[t :t/ jf ;f] eGbf dflyNnf] bhf{sf]

kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf sd{rf/L eP xjfO{ oftfoft ;~rfng ePsf] 7fpFdf e|d0f ubf{ xjfO{ oftfoftaf6 / xjfO{ oftfoft ;~rfng gePsf] 7fpFdf e|d0f ubf{ jf cGo sd{rf/Ln] e|d0f ubf{ oftfoftsf cGo ;fwg k|of]u ug'{ kg]{5 .


317

t/ cGo oftfoft ;fwg geO{ xjfO{ oftfoft ;fwg dfq pknAw ePsf] cj:yfdf e|d0f cfb]z jf lg0f{o ug]{ kbflwsf/Ln] sf/0f v'nfO{ cGo sd{rf/Ln] klg xjfO{ oftfoft k|of]u ug]{ cg'dlt lbg ;Sg]5 .

((=e|d0f vr{ kfpg] kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf sd{rf/Lsf] juL{s/0f M -!_ o; lgodadf]lhd ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] k|of]hgsf] nflu b]xfosf kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf sd{rf/LnfO{ b]xfoadf]lhd juL{s/0f ul/Psf] 5 M

-s_ pks'nklt, ;]jf cfof]usf cWoIf, ;b:o, lzIffWoIf / /lhi6«f/ –cltljlzi6

tx -v_ 8Lg, sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs, k|fWofks jf ;f] ;/x, clws[t ljlzi6 >]0fL jf ;f]eGbf dflyNnf] kbdf axfn /x]sf cGo kbflwsf/L – ljlzi6 tx -u_ ;xk|fWofks, clws[t k|yd >]0fL jf ;f] ;/xsf sd{rf/L – k|yd tx -3_ pk k|fWofks, clws[t låtLo >]0fL / t[tLo >]0fL jf ;f] ;/xsf sd{rf/L – låtLo tx -ª_ ;xfos k|yd, låQLo, t[tLo >]0fL jf ;f] ;/xsf sd{rf/L – t[tLo tx


318

-r_ ;jf/L rfns, ;xfos kfrf}+ >]0fL tyf >]0fL ljxLg sd{rf/L – rt'y{ tx -@_ pklgod -!_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]ssf cGo s'g} kbflwsf/L

jf JolQmnfO{ e|d0f ug]{ cfb]z lbg'kbf{ To:tf] cfb]z lbg] clwsf/Ln] To:tf] kbflwsf/L jf JolQmsf] tx v'nfO{ cfb]z lbg' kg]{5 .

!))= e|d0feQf kfpg] M ljZjljBfnosf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf

d'n'sleq e|d0f ug'{ kbf{ e|d0fsf] nflu oftfoftsf] l6s6 vl/b ug'{kg]{ ePdf l6s6 vl/b ubf{ nfu]sf] /sd e'QmfgL lbOg]5 . >]0fL tf]lsg] e|d0f ;fwgaf6 e|d0f ug'{ kbf{ xjfO{ oftfoft afx]ssf] cGo ;fwgaf6 e|d0f u/]sf] eP k|yd tx jf ;f] eGbf dflysf kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ k|yd >]0fLsf] / cGo sd{rf/L jf JolQmnfO{ låtLo >]0fLsf] e|d0f vr{ lbOg]5 .

-@_ s''g} kbflwsf/Ln] s'g} e|d0f ;fwgsf] l6s6 vl/b

ul/;s]kl5 e|d0f /2 ePdf jf e|d0f ldtL ;fg'{kg]{ ePdf e|d0f cfb]z ug]{ clwsf/Lsf] cfb]zaf6 o:tf] l6s6 lkmtf{ ug'{kg]{ ePdf lghn] To;/L l6s6 lkmtf{ u/] afkt nfUg] /sd ;DalGwt sfof{noaf6 zf]wegf{ kfpg]5 .

=!))s b}lgs eQf / xf]6n af; vr{ kfpg]M -!_ ljZjljBfnosf]

sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf d'n'sleq cfˆgf] sfof{no eGbf aflx/ e|d0fdf jf sfhdf vl6Psf kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf


319

sd{rf/Ln] sfo{sf/L kl/ifbn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] b}lgs eQf kfpg]5 .

-@_ e|d0f jf sfhdf vl6Psf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln]

b]xfoadf]lhdsf] s'g} lhNnfdf e|d0f ubf{ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd kfpg] b}lgs eQfsf] /sddf yk b; k|ltzt /sd kfpg]5 .

!= bfr'{nf @= aemfª #= afh'/f $=c5fd %=hfh/sf]6 ^= ?s'd &= /f]Nkf *=x'Dnf (=d'u' !)=h'Dnf !!=sflnsf]6 !@ 8f]Nkf !#= d':tfª !$=dgfª !%= uf]/vf-huft pQ/_ !^= wflbª -g'd pQ/_ !&= ef]hk'/ !*=vf]6fª !(= cf]vn9'Ëf @)= ;f]n'v'Da'

-#_ a; jf cGo ;fj{hlgs oftfoftsf] ;'ljwf k|fKt x'g] 7fp+df Ps} lbg uO{ kms{g] u/L ;/sf/L sfddf sfh v6L hfg] kbflwsf/L jf sd{Rff/Ln] o; lgodadf]lhd e|d0f vr{ / b}lgs eQfsf] klRr; k|ltzt /sd vfhf vr{afkt kfpg]5 .

-$_ ;?jf jf a9'jf eO{ xflh/ x'g vl6Psf] sfof{nodf

k'u]sf] lbgsf] / sfhaf6 sfof{no kms]{sf] lbgsf] pklgod -!_ adf]lhd kfpg] b}lgs eQfsf] klRr; k|ltzt /sd e'QmfgL kfpg]5 .

-%_ ef/L af]Sg] sfd / lr7Lkq cf];fg]{ sfddf lgo'Qm

ePsf sd{rf/L, r]gd]g, ;e]{o/ h:tf sd{rf/L tyf lkmN8 eQf kfpg] sd{rf/Ln] cfkm" sfo{/t lhNnfleq e|d0fdf /xFbf o; lgodadf]lhd b}lgs eQf jf xf]6n af; vr{ afktsf] /sd kfpg] 5}g .

320

-^_ sfhdf vl6Psf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] b}lgs eQf af6f]sf] Dofb afx]s a9Ldf rf}w lbg;Ddsf] kfpg]5 .

-&_ kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;ft lbgeGbf a9L

cjwLsf] nflu sfh v6fpg'kg]{ ePdf sf/0f vf]nL kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ sfhdf v6fpg ;Sg]5 . o;/L vl6bf pklgod -^_ df plNnlvt cjlw eGbf a9L cjlwsf] nflu b}lgs eQfsf] krf; k|ltzt /sd dfq kfpg]5 .

-*_ n]vfk/LIf0f 8f]/, k/LIff ;~rfng ;DaGwL,

cg';Gwfgd"ns sfo{, :yfgLo:t/df sfof{no gePsf s]Gb|Lo lgsfoaf6 :yfgLo:t/df ;~rfng ul/g] sfo{qmd, :ynut tflnd ;~rfng, tYof+s ;+sng sfo{ jf cfjf; ;'ljwf pknAw gu/fOPsf] tflnd sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g] sd{rf/LnfO{ nfUg] lbgsf] u0fgf u/L sfh v6fpg ;lsg]5 . To:tf] cj:yfdf sfh vl6Psf] k'/f cjlwsf] b}lgs eQf lbg afwf kg]{ 5}g .

-(_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

sf7df8f}+ pkTosf jf s'g} k|zf;sLo lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd If]q jf /ft ljtfpg' kg]{ u/L vl6Psf] :yfgb]lv kGw| lsnf]ld6/leq cfˆgf] / cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf] gfddf :yfoL 3/af; ePsf kbflwsf/L Pj+ sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] If]qdf e|d0f jf sfhdf /xFbf b}lgs eQf / xf]6n af; vr{ kfpg] 5}g .

321

t/ ;f] If]qaf6 aflx/ k}bn jf ;fj{hlgs oftfoft rNg] 7fpFdf e|d0f jf sfhdf v6fpFbf o; lgodadf]lhd e|d0f vr{, b}lgs eQf lbg afwf kg]{ 5}g .

-!)_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

cfk"m v'zL lgj]bg lbO{ sfhdf vl6Psf] sd{rf/Ln] o; vl/b lgodadf]lhdsf] ;'ljwf kfpg] 5}g . o;/L sfhdf vl6Psf] A]xf]/f e|d0f cfb]zdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

-!!_ ljZjljBfnosf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf e|d0fdf /xL

b}lgs e|d0f eQf pkef]u ug]{ kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] b}lgs eQf pkef]u u/]sf] cjlwe/ lkmN8 eQf, a}7s eQf, tflnd eQf, :yfgLo eQf jf cGo s'g} lsl;dsf] eQf kfpg] 5}g .

t/ k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd cGo 5'§} eQf kfpg]

Joj:yf ePsf]df o; vl/b lgodadf]lhdsf] eQf kfpg] 5}g .

-!@_ pklgod -&_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

n]vfk/LIf0fdf vl6Psf sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf ed0f eQfsf] cltl/Qm kfO/x]sf] cGo eQf e'QmfgL lbg afwf kg]{ 5}g .

!))v= e|d0fdf vl6Psf] kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf sd{rf/Ln]] labf

lnPdf b}lgs eQf tyf e|d0f vr{ gkfpg] M s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] e|d0f jf sfhdf /x]sf] cjlwdf labf a;]df


322

To;/L labfdf a:bfsf] cjlwdf lghn] o; lgodadf]lhd kfpg] b}lgs eQf, e|d0f vr{ kfpg] 5}g .

!)!= ;?jf a9'jf jf gof“ lgo'lQm e} hf“bf b}lgs eQf tyf e|d0f

vr{ kfpg] M s'g} kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf sd{rf/L ;?jf, a9'jf jf sfod d'sfod d's// eO{ Ps lhNNffaf6 csf]{ lhNnfdf hfFbf sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] tf]s] adf]lhd b}lgs eQf / e|d0f vr{ kfpg]5 .

!)!s= b}lgs eQf tyf e|d0f vr{ e'QmfgL ljlw M -!_ Ps

lhNNffaf6 csf]{ lhNnf jf ;f]xL lhNnfsf] Ps sfof{noaf6 la; lsnf]ld6/ eGbf a9L b"/L ePsf] csf]{ sfof{nodf ;?jf, a9'jf jf sfod d'sfod d's// eO{ hfg] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] kfpg] b}lgs eQf tyf e|d0f vr{ afktsf] /sdsf] kmfF6jf/L tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf lgh axfn /x]sf] sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt kmfF6jf/L pk/ sfof{non]

hfFra'em u/L o; lgodadf]lhd kfpg' kg]{ /sd e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd e'QmfgL lbFbf b]xfosf s'/fdf

b]xfoadf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M

-s_ låtLo tx jf ;f] eGbf dflysf kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;Dej eP;Dd 5f]6f] / ldtJooL xjfO{ dfu{af6 e|d0f ubf{ nfUg] xjfO{ ef8f, a; ef8f jf /]n ef8f / o; lgodadf]lhd kfpg]


323

b}lgs eQf / km'6s/ vr{ afkt Psd'i6 b'O{ xhf/ ?k}ofF lbg' kg]{5 .

-v_ t[tLo jf rt'y{ txsf sd{rf/LnfO{ xjfO{

dfu{af6 e|d0f ubf{ sd vlr{nf] x'g] ePdf nfUg] xjfO{ ef8f jf a; ef8f / o; lgodadf]lhd kfpg] b}lgs eQf / km'6s/ vr{ afkt Psd'i6 b'O{ xhf/ ¿k}+ofF lbg' kg]{5 .

-u_ ;?jf, a9'jf jf sfod d'sfod d's// eO{ hfFbf

oftfoft ;'ljwf gePsf] :yfgdf k}bn e|d0f ug'{ kbf{ sDtLdf aL; lsnf]ld6/ k|lt lbgsf b/n] b}lgs eQfsf] u0fgf ug'{ kg]{5 .

-3_ ;?jf, a9'jf jf sfod d'sfod d's// eO{

vl6Psf] sfof{nodf xflh/ x'g hfg] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ kl/jf/ n}hfg] k|of]hgsf nflu lghn] v08 -s_ jf -v_ adf]lhd kfpg] a/fa/sf] /sd kl/jf/sf k|To]s ;b:onfO{ hgxL ¿kdf lbg' kg]{5 . t/ km'6s/ vr{ /sd lbOg] 5}g .

-$_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

sf7df8f}+ pkTosfsf] s'g} Ps gu/kflnsfdf /x]sf] sfof{noaf6 sf7df8f}+ pkTosfsf] ;f]xL jf csf]{ lhNnfsf] gu/kflnsfdf /x]sf] sfof{nodf ;?jf, a9'jf jf sfod d'sfod d's// eO{ hf+bf jf sfh vl6O{ hf+bf sfhdf vl6Psf kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] jf

324

;d"xut ¿kdf Jof/]sdf a:g' kg]{ sd{rf/Ln] o; lgodadf]lhdsf] ;'ljwf kfpg] 5}g .

t/ Ps gu/kflnsfaf6 la; lsnf]ld6/ eGbf 6f9f

/x]sf] sfof{nodf ;?jf, a9'jf jf sfod d'sfod d's// eO{ hfFbf To:tf] ;'ljwf kfpg ;Sg]5 .

-%_ s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Lsf] cfkm" vl6Psf] lhNnfdf

d[To' ePdf lghsf] kl/jf/nfO{ 3/ kms{bf o; lgodadf]lhd kfpg] b}lgs eQf tyf e|d0f vr{ kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L vl6Psf] sfof{noaf6 lbOg]5 .

-^_ lgod $ sf] pklgod -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]

eP tfklg xjfO{ oftfoftaf6 ofqf ubf{ sd vlr{nf] x'g] ePdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] h'g;'s} txsf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ klg xjfO{ oftfoftsf] ;fwg k|of]u ug{] cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 . o;/L cfb]z lbFbf s'g :yfgaf6 s'g :yfg;Dd xjfO{ oftfoftsf] ;fwg k|of]u ug{] xf] :ki6 ¿kdf tf]lslbg' kg{]5 .

!)!v=e|d0fdf hfg] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L la/fdL k/]df M -!_

s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L ljZjljBfnosf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf k}bn e|d0f ubf{ af6f]df czQm la/fdL ePdf glhssf] :jf:Yo rf}sL jf c:ktfndf k'¥ofpg] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{5 . ;?jf, a9'jf jf sfod d'sfod d's// eO{ Ps sfof{noaf6 csf]{ sfof{nodf hfg] l;nl;nfdf k}bn e|d0f ubf{ kl/jf/ ;fy lnO{ hf+bf kl/jf/sf] s'g} ;b:o af6f]df czQm la/fdL ePdf klg ;f]xL adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .


325

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k'¥ofpbf nfUg] vr{ cfkm\g} sfof{noaf6 zf]wegf{ dfu ug'{ kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd dfu ePsf] /sd ;DalGwt

sfof{non] ljlgof]lht ah]6 /sdaf6 tTsfn lgsf;f lbg' kg]{5 .

-$_ o; lgodadf]lhd ljZjljBfnosf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf e|d0f ubf{ s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Lsf] d[To' x'g uPdf d[ts kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Lsf] zj / ;f] zjsf ;fydf /x]sf d[t kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Lsf] kl/jf/nfO{ bfx ;+:sf/sf] nflu lghsf] kl/jf/n] dfu u/]sf] :yfg;Dd k'¥ofO{lbg] Joj:yf ubf{ nfUg] vr{ cfkm\g} sfof{noaf6 zf]wegf{ dfu ug'{ kg]{5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd zj Nofpbf nfUg] vr{

pklgod -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd vr{ ug]{ / lgsf;f k|fKt ug]{ JoJf:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .

!)!u= ljb]z e|d0f vr{ / b}lgs eQf ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ s'g}

kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ ljZjljBfnos] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf ljb]zdf e|d0fdf k7fpFbf ;f] e|d0fsf] vr{ a]xf]g]{ ;|f]t / ljZjljBfnosf] ;|f]taf6 ljb]zdf e|d0fdf k7fOg] ePdf lghn] o; lgodadf]lhd kfpg] b}lgs eQf, e|d0f vr{, ks]6 vr{ tyf e}k/L cfpg] vr{ h:tf s'g s'g ;'ljwf kfpg] xf] ;f] v'nfO{ e|d0fdf v6fpg' cl3 lg0f{o ug{' kg]{5 .

326

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lg0f{o geO{ cfk"mv'zL e|d0fdf uPsf]df jf k7fPsf]df e|d0faf6 kms]{kl5 u/]sf] bfaL adf]lhd To:tf vr{x¿ lbOg] 5}g .

-#_ s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] ;/sf/L sfdsf]

l;nl;nfdf ljb]zdf ofqf ug{'kbf{{ clt ljlzi6 txsf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] ljlhg]; Snf; / ;f] afx]ssf cGo kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L eP Osf]gf]ld Snf;sf] xjfO{ l6s6sf] e|d0f vr{ kfpg]5 .

-$_ s'g} kbflwsf/L Pj+ sd{rf/LnfO{ cGt/{fli6«o ;Dd]ng,

;]ldgf/, ;df/f]x, lgdGq0ff, a}7s, tflnd, cWoog e|d0f / cGo s'g} ;/sf/L sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf ljb]z hf+bf sfo{sf/L kl/ifbn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] b/n] b}lgs eQf lbOg]5 .

-%_ pklgod -$_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng, ;]ldgf/, ;df/f]x, lgdGq0ff jf a}7sdf efu lng uPsf] kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf sd{rf/Ln] xf]6]nsf] cnUu} aLn k]z u/]df xf]6]nsf] aLn adf]lhd lalzi6 tx jf ;f] eGbf dflysf kbflwsf/L eP ltg;o krf; cd]l/sL 8n/;Dd, k|yd txsf] eP b'O{;o krf; cd]l/sL 8n/;Dd, låQLo txsf kbflwsf/L eP Ps;o krf; cd]l/sL 8n/;Dd / plNnlvt b}lgs eQfsf] lt; k|ltzt /sd vfgf vr{ / ks]6 vr{ afkt kfpg]5 .

-^_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd ljb]z hfg] kbflwsf/L jf

sd{rf/Ln] o; lgodadf]lhd b}lgs e|d0f eQf

327

kfpg]df xjfOofqf cjlwsf] b}lgs eQf kfpg] 5}g . t/ cf7 306feGbf a9L 6«flGh6df a;]sf] d'n'sdf hfbf kfpg] Ps lbgsf] b}lgs eQf kfpg]5 .

-&_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng, ;]ldgf/,

;df/f]x, lgdGq0ff, tflnd, jftf{ jf a}7sdf hfg] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ cfof]hssf] tkm{af6 a:gsf] dfq k|aGw ePsf]df To:tf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] vfgf / ks]6 vr{ jfkt b}lgs e|d0f eQfsf] lt; k|ltzt / vfg a:g dfq k|jGw eO{ ks]6 vr{ pknAw gu/fPsfdf] b}lgs kRrL; cd]l/sL 8n/ kfpg]5 . To;/L vfgf vr{ jf ks]6 vr{ pknAw gu/fPsf] k|dfl0ft sfuhft k]z u/]sf] cj:yfdf dfq e'QmfgL lbOg]5 .

-*_ s'g} ldq/fi6« jf cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfaf6 vfg a:gsf]

nflu /sd g} lbg] ePsf]df pklgod -&_ adf]lhdsf] ks]6 vr{ lbOg] 5}g .

-(_ s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L sfj" aflx/sf] kl/l:yltn]

ubf{ lgwf{l/t ;dodf tf]lsPsf] uGtJo jf 6«flGh6af6 lkmtf{ x'g g;s]df kms]{kl5 plrt sf/0f / k|df0f ;lxt lgj]bg lbPdf e|d0fsf] cfb]z lbg] kbflwsf/Lsf] lg0f{oadf]lhd b}lgs tyf e|d0f vr{ lbg ;lsg]5 .

-!)_ pklgod -$_ adf]lhd ljb]zdf hf+bf jf cfpFbf

af6f]df kg]{ s'g} d'n'sdf /ft latfpg'kbf{ jf cf7 306f eGbf a9L 6«flGh6df a:g'kg]{ cj:yfdf xjfO{ l6s6 pknAw u/fpg] ;+:yfn] vfg] a:g] k|aGw

328

gu/]sf]df To;/L /ft latfPsf] jf 6«flGh6df a;]sf] cjlwsf] nflu b}lgs eQf kfpg]5 .

-!!_ cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng, ;]ldgf/ cflbdf hf+bf ;Dd]ng

;'? x'g] cl3Nnf] lbgb]lv ;dfKt ePsf] ef]ln kN6;DdnfO{ hlt lbg nfU5 To;eGbf a9L cfkm"v'zL To:tf] d'n's jf cGo ljb]zL d'n'sdf d'sfd u/]sf]df b}lgs eQf lbOg] 5}g .

-!@_ ljZjljBfnosf] vr{df ljb]z e|d0f ubf{ af6fsf] xjfO{

ofqfdf /ft latfPsf] cjlwe/ tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] kfpg] b}lgs eQf b/sf] krf; k|ltzt /sd dfq lbOg]5 .

-!#_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

hgjfbL u0ftGq rLgsf] :jzfl;t If]q ltAat jf ef/tsf] af6f] eO{ g]kfnsf] Ps e"–efuaf6 csf]{ e"–efudf hfg'kbf{ g]kfndf kfP ;/xs} b}lgs tyf e|d0f vr{ / af; vr{ dfq kfpg]5 .

-!$_ o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

cfkm\g} k|of;df cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng, ;]ldgf/, ;df/f]x, lgdGq0ff jf a}7sdf hf+g] lzIfs sd{rf/LnfO{ s'g} k|sf/sf] cfly{s ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOg] 5}g .

!)!3=e|d0f ;DaGwL lan ekf{O{x¿M -!_ e|d0fdf vl6g] kbflwsf/L

jf sd{rf/Ln] e|d0f ;dfKt ePkl5 lgodfg';f/ kfpg]


329

b}lgs eQf tyf e|d0f vr{sf] aLn e/L e|d0f k|ltj]bg ;fy cfjZos lan ekf{O{ ;DalGwt sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

t/ p8fg aLdfsf] xsdf ;f] aLdfsf] gDa/ dfq k]z u/] x'G5 .

-@_ xjfO{ oftfoftsf] ;'ljwf lng] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln]

xjfO{ l6s6 k]z u/]df dfq ;f] afktsf] /sd e'QmfgL lbOg]5 . tTsfn e|d0f k]ZsL lnFbfsf] avt xjfO{ l6s6 k]z ug{ g;Sg] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] xjfO{ oftfoftsf] ;'ljwf lnPdf cfkm" xflh/ x'g] sfof{nodf xjfO{ l6s6 k]z u/L ;f] afktsf] /sd e'QmfgL dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-#_ pklgod -@_ adf]lhd e'QmfgL dfu ubf{ ;fljs

sfof{noaf6 lnPsf] b}lgs eQf tyf e|d0f vr{sf] lansf] k|dfl0ft sfuh ;+nUg ug'{ kg{]5 .

-$_ xjfO{ oftfoftsf] l6s6 k|fKt ePdf ;fljssf] e|d0f

;fwgaf6 e|d0f ubf{ e'QmfgL ePsf] /sd / xjfO{ oftfoft k|of]uaf6 x'g cfpg] /sd olsg u/L gk'u x'g] /sd dfq ;ft lbgleq sfof{non] ;DalGwt sd{rf/LnfO{ e'QmfgL lbg' kg{]5 .

-%_ o; lgodadf]lhd dfu ePsf] /sd e'QmfgL lbg ah]6

/sd gePdf cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] nflu bfloTj ;f/L klxnf] k|fyldstfsf ;fy e'QmfgL lbg' kg{]5 .

330

!)!ª= cGo JolQmnfO{ lbOg] e|d0f vr{ M -!_ ljZjljBfnoaflx/sf] JolQmnfO{ g]kfnleq jf ljb]zdf e|d0f u/fpg] ljZjljBfnoaf6 lg0f{o ePdf lghn] kfpg] b}lgs eQf tyf e|d0f vr{ / cGo vr{ ljZjljBfnoaf6 lg0f{o ePadf]lhd x'g]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ljZjljBfnosf]

lg0f{osf] nflu k]z ubf{ o:tf JolQmnfO{ b}lgs eQf tyf e|d0f vr{ lbg' kg]{ ePdf s'g txsf sd{rf/Ln] kfP ;/x b}lgs eQf tyf e|d0f vr{ lbg] eGg] s'/f;d]t :ki6 vf]nL k]z ug'{ kg{]5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lg0f{o gePdf låtLo txsf]

kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] kfP ;/xsf] ;'ljwf lbOg]5 .

!)!r= e|d0f clen]v /fVg' kg]{ M e|d0fdf vl6g] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] e|d0f k|f/De u/]kl5 ;DalGwt sfof{non] tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf e|d0f clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 / e|d0fdf v6fpg] kbflwsf/Ln] ljZj;gLo cfwf/ / k|df0f :yflkt x'g]u/L cfjZostfcg';f/ cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnLsf] yk Joj:yf;d]t ug'{kg]{5 .

!)!5= ljz]if Joj:yf M ef}uf]lns, k|fs[lts jf xfjfkfgL ;DaGwL

sl7gfO{sf] b[li6n] g]kfnsf] s'g} Onfsfdf a;L sfd ug]{ kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ ljZjljBfnoaf6 ;do ;dodf ePsf] lg0f{oaf6 lbO{ cfPsf] jf lbOg] :yfgLo eQf, n'uf eQf, cf}ifwL eQf jf o:t} c? eQfsf] Joj:yfdf o; lgodsf] s'g} klg s'/fn] k|lts"n c;/ kf/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .

@)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk @)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 yk

331

!)!h= sf/afxL ul/g] M -!_ o; lgodadf]lhd kfpg] ;'ljwf lng] k|of]hgsf] nflu e|d0f ug{] s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] em'§f ljj/0f k]z u/L e'QmfgL lnPsf] 7x/]df em'§f ljj/0f k]z u/L e'QmfgL lnPsf] /sdsf] bf]Aa/ /sd lgh ljZjljBfno ;]jfdf /x]sf] eP lghn] kfpg] tnaaf6 s§f u/L lnOg]5 / lghnfO{ sf/jfxL;d]t ul/g]5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd s§f gu/]df To:tf] s§f gug]{

kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Lsf] tnaaf6 c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 / lghnfO{ ljefuLo sf/afO{ ;d]t ug{' kg]{5 .

-#_ pklgod -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd To:tf] /sd c;'n pk/

x'g g;s]df ;f] /sd afFsL ;/x c;'n pk/ ul/g]5 . !)!em= k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd x'g] M o; lgoddf cGoq h'g;'s}

s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o; lgodadf]lhd e|d0f vr{ kfpg] s'g} vf; kbflwsf/Lsf] e|d0f vr{sf] ;DaGwdf k|rlnt sfg'gdf 5'§} Joj:yf ePsf]df To:tf] kbflwsf/Ln] ;f]xL adf]lhdsf] e|d0f vr{ kfpg]5 .

t/ To;/L kfpg] e|d0f vr{ o; lgodadf]lhd kfpg] e|d0f vr{ eGbf sd x'g] /x]5 eg] To:tf] kbflwsf/Ln] o; lgodadf]lhdsf] e|d0f vr{ bfaL ug{ ;Sg]5 .

!)@= ljz]if eQf M -!_ ljZjljBfnosf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} kbflwsf/L jf lzIfs jf sd{rf/L sfhdf hfFbfsf] b}lgs e|d0f eQf cf}krfl/s k|ltlglw d08nsf] ¿kdf cGt/f{li6o ;Dd]ng, ;df/f]x, jftf{ jf a}7sdf efu lng hfFbf To:tf]


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k|ltlglw d08nsf] g]t[Tj ug{]n] kfpg] g]tf eQf cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng ;]ldgf/, a}7s, lgdGq0ff, k|ltlglw d08n, tflnd, cWoog, pT;j cflbdf efu lng ljZjljBfnoaf6 v6L hfg] kbflwsf/L, lzIfs sd{rf/LnfO{ lbOg] n'uf eQf, cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng ,;]ldgf/ cflbdf efu lng hfFbfsf e}kl/cfpg] vr{x¿ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 . ljZjljBfnosf s'g} ;ldlt, ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf ljleGg j}7sdf pkl:yt eO{ efu lnPafkt kfpg] k|lta}7s eQf tyf kfl/>lds :j¿ksf] eQfnufotsf ljleGg eQfx¿ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .

!)#= lgo'lQm ePsf kbsf] tna sd ePdf eQf kfpg] Joj:yfM

s'g} lzIfs jf sd{rf/L, ljZjljBfnosf] kbflwsf/L jf s'g} kbdf lgo'lQm x'Fbf lgo'lQmsf] kbn] kfpg] tnaeGbf lghn] vfOkfO{ cfPsf] tna a9L /x]5 eg] lghn] vfOkfO{ cfPsf] tna a/fa/sf] /sd kfpg]5 .

!)$= dfl;s eQf kfpg] kb tf]Sg] M c¿ lgodn] cGoyf Joj:yf

u/]sf]df afx]s dfl;s eQf kfpg] kbx¿ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\n] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 . To:tf kbdf sfo{/t x'g] kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf sd{rf/LnfO{ afx]s cGo kbflwsf/L, lzIfs jf sd{rf/LnfO{ dfl;s eQfsf] Joj:yf ug'{ u/fpg' x'Fb}g . t/ s'g} kbsf] nflu dfl;s eQf ;f] kbsf] ;'? :s]nsf] tnasf] jf ;f] kbdf lgo'lQm x'g] lzIfs jf sd{rf/Ln] vfO{kfO{ cfPsf] tnasf] krf; k|ltzt eGbf a9L x'g] u/L tf]Sg' x'Fb}g .


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kl/R5]b – @* k|f]T;fxL k'/:sf/;DaGwL Joj:yf

!)%= k|f]T;fxL k/:sf/M -!_Τ ljZjljBfnosf lzIfs jf sd{rf/Lsf] sfd Hofb} pQd / k|z+;gLo ePdf ljZjljBfnosf kbflwsf/L jf ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] cfkm\gf dftxtsf lzIfs jf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;]jf–;t{;DaGwL lgodn] tf]s]cg';f/ b]xfoadf]lhdsf] k|f]T;fxL k'/:sf/ lbg sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-s_ To:tf] lzIfs jf sd{rf/Ln] u/]sf] sfdsf] lj:t[t

¿kdf pNn]v u/L k'/:sf/:j¿k @ u|]8;Dd yk lbg] jf Ps k6sdf Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd gub k'/:sf/ lbg],

-v_ ljZjljBfnoaf6 lgwf{l/t kbs jf k|z+;fkq lbg

lgodadf]lhd l;kmfl/z ug]{,

-u_ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\af6 tf]lsPsf cGo k|f]T;fxL k'/:sf/ lbg .

-@_ u|]8 yk jf gub k'/:sf/ lbFbf rfn" jh]6n] Eofpg

;s];Ddsf] l:ylt x]/]/ lbg' kg{]5 / o:tf] sf/afxL jif{sf] ! k6s dfq rnfpg ;lsg]5 .


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-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k'/:sf/ kfpg To:tf] lzIfs jf sd{rf/Ln] ltg jif{leqdf s'g} gl;xt jf cGo ;hfo kfPsf] x'g' x'Fb}g .

-$_ To:tf] lzIfs jf sd{rf/L xfnsf] >]0fL jf txdf

lgo'lQm ePsf] ;fwf/0ft ltg jif{ k'u]kl5 dfq k'/:sf/ kfpg of]Uo dflgg]5 .

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kl/R5]b –@( sf]ifsf] :yfkgf, ;~rfng / sf]ifs§L;DaGwL Joj:yf

!)^=♣ !)&= clgjfo{¿kdf sf]if s§L ug{]M -!_ ljZjljBfno ;]jfdf

/x]sf :yfoL lzIfs tyf sd{rf/Lsf] dfl;s tnaaf6 b; k|ltztsf b/n] sf]if /sd s§L u/L ;f] /sdsf] ;tk|ltztn] x'g] /sd ;d]t yk u/L sd{rf/L ;~rosf]ifdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ljZjljBfnosf] k|To]s ;ª\u7g jf lgsfo k|d'vn] cfˆgf] sfof{nosf] lzIfs tyf sd{rf/Lsf] tnaaf6 lgoldt¿kn] sf]if s§L u/L ;f] /sddf kfpg] yk /sd;d]t ;dfj]z u/L ljj/0f;lxt tf]s]sf] ;doleq sd{rf/L ;~rosf]ifn] tf]s]sf] sfof{nodf hDdf x'g] u/L k7fpg' k5{ .

-#_ s'g} lzIfs tyf sd{rf/L lgodadf]lhd lgnDag ePsf]df ;f] lgnDag cjlwe/ lghsf] sf]if s§L ul/g] 5}g . t/ nfu]sf] cleof]uaf6 ;kmfO kfO{ lgnDag km's'jf ePdf lghn] kfpg] ;f] lgnlDat cjlwsf] tnaaf6 ;dfg'kflts¿kdf s§f u/L To;df yk x'g] /sd;d]t ykL Psd'i6 sf]ifdf bflvnf ul/g]5 .

!)*♣ !)(♣

♣ @)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 vf/]h @)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

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kl/R5]b – #) ;fk6L / sf]ifsf] nufgL ;DaGwL Joj:yf

!!) ♣

!!!♣ !!@♣ !!# ♣

!!$♣

!!%♣ !!^ ♣

♣ @)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 vf/]h

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kl/R5]b – #! ljljw

!!&= lgAof{hL ;fk6L lbg ;lsg] M -!_ ljZjljBfnosf kbflwsf/L, lzIfs tyf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ cfly{s jif{leq ls:tfaGbLdf s§L ug{] u/L Ps cfly{s jif{df Ps k6s a9Ldf # -tLg_ dlxgfsf] vfOkfO{ cfPsf] tna lgAo{fhL k]:sL lbg ;lsg]5 .

-@_ o; lgodadf]lhd k]:sL dfu ug{] kbflwsf/L, lzIfs

jf sd{rf/L ljZjljBfnosf] :yfoL ;]jfdf /x]sf] x'g' kg{]5 .

-#_ ljz]if cj:yf k/L c:yfoL lzIfs jf sd{rf/Ln] o;

lgodadf]lhdsf] k]:sL dfu u/]df cGo :yfoL lzIfs jf sd{rf/Lsf] hdfgtdf clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;f] k]:sL lbg ;Sg]5 .

!!* lzIfs jf sd{rf/LnfO{ 3/, hUuf vl/b ug{ C0f lbg

;lsg] M -!_Τ ljZjljBfnosf lzIfs jf sd{rf/LnfO{ cf}ifwf]krf/ ug{ jf ;fdflhs, wfld{s sfd ug{ , 3/ hUuf vl/b ug{ jf 3/ lgdf{0f ug{ jf dd{t ug{ a9Ldf ! jif{ ^ dlxgf;Ddsf] lghsf] tna b]xfosf] cj:yfdf C0f lbg ;lsg]5MM

-s_ :yfoL lgo'lQm ePsf] sDtLdf % jif{ ePsf],


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-v_Τ C0f lbg] sf]ifdf /sd ePsf] ,

-u_Τ cfˆgf] 3/af; gePsf]df 3/ agfpg jf ePsf]df dd{t ug'{kg{] k|df0f k'u]sf] .

-@_Τ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd C0f lnPsf] /sddf jflif{s % -kfFr_ k|ltztsf b/n] Aofh nfUg]5 . t/ o;/L lnPsf] C0f /sd pklgod -!_ df tf]lsPsf] k|of]hgsf nflu k|of]u u/]sf] gb]lvPdf !)-b;_ k|ltztsf b/n] Aofh lng ;lsg]5 .

-#_Τ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] C0f /sd gf]s/L cjlwdf b'O{ k6seGbf a9L lbOg] 5}g .

-$_Τ tTsfn k|rlnt lgodcg';f/ b'O{ k6s;Dd o:tf] C0f lnO;s]sfnfO{ klxn] lnPsf] /sddf ! jif{ ^ dlxgfsf] s'n tna /sddf gk'u x'g cfpg] /sd dfq lbOg]5 .

!!(= cltly ;Tsf/M cltly ;Tsf/sf nflu ug'{kg{] vr{ ah]6sf]

kl/lwleq /xL ug{ ;lsg]5 . t/ cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, cWoog ;+:yfg jf cGo ;ª\u7g jf lgsfosf nflu j}b]lzs bft[;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx¿sf] afx\o ;|f]taf6 cfh{g u/]sf] /sdaf6 cltly ;Tsf/ ug{ o; lgodn] jfwf k'–ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .


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Θ!@) ;+3nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ M lq=lj= k|fWofks ;+3 / lq=lj= sd{rf/L ;+3sf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ug{ ljZjljBfnon] cfly{s ;xof]u ug{ ;Sg]5 .

Ξ!@!= !@@= vf/]hL / arfp M -!_ lqe'jg ljZjljBfno P]g @)@*

cGtu{t ag]sf cfly{s k|zf;g;DaGwL ljlgdo, @)$% eQf;DaGwL ljlgod / k]:sL km5\of{}6;DaGwL ljlgod, @)$% / ;~rosf]if ;DaGwL lgod / ljlgodx¿ vf/]h ul/Psf 5g\ .

-@_ pklgod -!_ cGtu{tsf lgod ljlgodadf]lhd u/]

ePsf sfo{x¿ o;} lgodcGtu{t u/] eP ;/x dflgg]5 .

-#_ P]g / o; lgod tyf o; lgodcGtu{t aGg]

ljlgodsf] p2]Zol;t gaflemg] u/L tf]lsPadf]lhd ug{] jf k|rngdf ePsf s'/fx¿ o;} lgodcg';f/ eP u/]sf dflgg] 5g\ .

-$_ o; lgodadf]lhd sfd–sf/afxL ubf{ u/fpFbf s'g}

jfwf c8\sfp kg{ uPdf To:tf] jfwf–c8\sfp x6fpg] jf km'sfpg] clwsf/ sfo{sf/L kl/ifb\nfO{ x'g]5 .

Ξ @)&# ;fn kf}if @) ut] a;]sf] lq= lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 vf/]h @)&# c;f/ @^ ut] a;]sf] lq=lj= ;efsf] a}7saf6 ;+zf]wg

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Tribhuvan University of Nepal

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