Trends in MANUFACTURING

Presented byN.Sumanth

What is manufacturing ? & What is trend ?

MANUFACTURING is the artistic and critical one which

brings the ideas and design into reality. It is the

backbone of any industrialized nation.

TREND: Create something or to update existing.

The need of TRENDS in Manufacturing is to meet the requirements of Production.

There are many concurrent processes. According to the time of invention & mode of their operation they are broadly classified into

Classification of Manufacturing Process

3-D Printing

3DP is the technology in which product is manufactured by imposing the material layer by layer by using a digital file.

3 D Printing:

Basic Principle involved in 3-D Printing

It is primarily based on Fused Filament Fabrication. & it starts with slicing object’s CAD file.

The machine deposits a filament (visually a small string) of a certain material (normally thermoplastics & wax and etc..,) on top or next to the same material, in order to create a joint by heat or adhesion.

Chuck Hull (Charles W. Hull; born May 12, 1939) He is the inventor of the solid imaging process known as 3D Printing, the first commercial rapid prototyping technology. The origin of development has been started from few decades.

HISTORY OF 3-D PRINTING

COMPONENTS OF A 3D PRINTER3D Printer is also known as a Cartesian Robot, because it uses

Cartesian coordinates while printing it moves along the X, Y, and Z axis.

1) Frame: It acts as chassis/case for printer.2) Controller: Electronic equipment which provides required

controllable action.3) Extruder: Decides the discharge of material to be print. Having a

hot tip which melts the material (Thermal Hot End).4) Effectors: these are the stepper motors connected based on

DELTA design, providing required movement for different parts.5) Filament Drive: It is used to pull the filament (string) to the

EXTRUDER.6) Print Bed: Provide support for product and possess movement in

all 3 directions (X, Y & Z).7) Power Supply: It is Power Source for printer. This also converts

Alternating Current to Direct Current.

And some other components also like End Stopper, Guide Ways, LCD Screen and Slots for external devices.

Classification of 3-D Printing processes

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)The entire operation is same as the Fused Filament Fabrication. This process attains 600 to 1000C. Layer thickness is almost 20µm.

Stereo-lithography (SLA)Stereo lithography is an additive manufacturing process

which employs a vat of liquid ultraviolet  Curable Photo Polymer ”resin” and an ultraviolet laser to build parts' layers one at a time i.e., solidifying the resin by consecutive layers. This process attains 450 to 2500C. Layer thickness is almost 20µm.

Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)The entire process similar to SLA, the main difference is that

it employs powdered material in VAT. Instead of liquid resin as SLA does. This process attains around 7000C. Layer thickness is almost 50µm. It will be like a Micro-Oven with elevated temperature.

Selective Laser Melting (SLM)Selective Laser Melting, on the other hand, can do the same

as sintering and go one further, by using the laser to achieve a full melt. Meaning the powder is not merely fused together, but is actually melted into a homogenous part. This process attains up to 9500C. Layer thickness is almost 45-50µm.

Electronic Beam Melting (EBM) It uses high voltage electron beam and goes for full melting of metal powder. The process usually conducted under high temperature up to 10000 C. Layer thickness is almost 40-50µm.

Applications of 3-D Printing

Zero Gravity 3-D Printing

Zero-Gravity 3-D Printing

It was a newly arrived trend in advanced manufacturing technology.

Manufacture the products with the help of 3D printer in Micro-Gravity conditions. 

The micro-gravity is the place where objects are appears to be weight less.

The necessity of this technology, is because in INTERNATIONAL SPACE

STATION [ISS] every part required for the crew, it will be sent from the earth with

the help launching rockets. This process consumes more time and money.

In this 3-D printing scientists are using only FILAMENT DEPOSIT

MODELING technique among other process because only of complexity

in handling them. In space it is easy to control semi-solidified materials

compared to liquids and powder.

When we compare with traditional manufacturing methods ZERO G

3-D Printing is very simple in construction and easy to maintain & operate.

The printer integrated with MICROGRAVITY SCEINCE GLOWBOX [MSG].

The components produced using this process are having more quality in the sense of properties with accurate atomic structures.

We have to be ever UPDATED,

if not

we will be OUTDATED.

Thanks… For your

Cordial Attention…